A flexible work station for automatic induction brazing of PDC bits and a method of operation

Abstract

The application discloses a flexible work station and a working method for automatic induction brazing of a PDC drill bit, which comprises a multifunctional welding robot, a high-frequency induction heating device, a positioner, a magazine and a control cabinet. The multifunctional welding robot is provided with various clamping jaws to complete the grabbing of a drill bit body, the placing of a diamond composite piece and solder, the induction heating device is provided with a distance measuring sensor, a copper coil and a sliding rail to complete the preheating of the drill bit body or the induction brazing of the diamond composite piece, and the positioner rotates to change the welding state of different blades of the drill bit. The application realizes the feeding and discharging of the drill bit body, the preheating of the drill bit body, the grabbing of the diamond composite piece and solder, the induction brazing, the flexible action of rotating and pressing during the welding of the diamond composite piece and the like, realizes the automatic induction brazing of different drill bits without manual intervention, and can meet the production requirements of batched and multi-specification drill bits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of PDC drill bit welding technology, and discloses a flexible workstation and working method for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits. Background Technology

[0002] Diamond composite drill bits (PDC drill bits) are the most important rock-breaking tools in drilling operations. Welding is the most crucial step in the PDC drill bit manufacturing process. Currently, the most commonly used techniques are induction brazing and flame brazing. These techniques weld the diamond composite material into the grooves of the cutting teeth on the drill bit crown, requiring the composite material to be tightly fitted to the bottom of the groove. Different drill bit specifications have different composite materials, center-to-center distances, and drill bit heights. Existing automated welding technologies struggle to ensure that the cutting angle and weld strength of the composite material meet design requirements for drill bits of varying specifications and parameters after welding.

[0003] Furthermore, the diamond composite sheet welding process includes flux wetting of the welding surface, silver solder / sheet cladding, diamond composite sheet installation, and pre-clamping of the composite sheet. Due to the complexity of the welding process, manual welding is currently the most common method. A clamp is used to hold the drill bit body, and flux and silver solder are applied manually to the tooth recesses. The composite sheet is then placed into the tooth recess using the clamp, and tools are used to pre-clamp the composite sheet until the solder cools. During the welding process, the drill bit body is continuously rotated manually to adjust the welding angle. The disadvantages of this welding method are high labor intensity for workers, susceptibility to high-temperature radiation, low production efficiency, high labor costs, and low automation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a flexible workstation and method for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits. By program-controlled drilling bit welding processes, this invention significantly reduces labor intensity, improves welding efficiency, enhances the convenience of changing between different drill bit specifications, and lowers the cost of mass production. The invention integrates all steps of the welding process into a single flexible welding workstation, including a high-frequency induction heating device, a tooling positioner, a multi-functional welding robot, and a PLC program control cabinet. It is compatible with rapid changeovers for different products, achieving fully automated, unmanned operation throughout the welding process. It features flexible production capabilities; the composite sheet, once placed in the drill bit tooth socket, requires no position correction and automatically adheres to the socket surface. Different formula parameters are developed for different drill bit sizes. A PLC-based control system is developed based on a reference offset method. Compared to an eight-hour manual workday, this fully automated drill bit welding technology increases production efficiency by over 100%, achieving a significant advancement in intelligent drill bit manufacturing technology.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits includes a multi-functional welding robot, a high-frequency induction heating device, a positioner and a material box mounted on a base, and a control cabinet. The base has station A and station B, both of which are equipped with the high-frequency induction heating device, positioner, and material box. Station A is used to manage the preheating of the drill bit body, and station B is used to perform brazing of the composite sheet. The high-frequency induction heating device includes a slide rail mounted vertically on the base, a slider on the slide rail, a distance sensor located on the upper inner side of the slider, and a heating induction coil located on the lower inner side of the slider. The distance sensor can control the drill bit body to be placed at a suitable height in the heating induction coil. The heating induction coil moves up and down along the slide rail through the slider. At the upper position, the heating induction coil is used to preheat the crown of the drill bit body or weld the composite sheet. At the lower position, the heating induction coil does not work. The multifunctional welding robot includes a robot base, a first robotic arm, a second robotic arm, a third robotic arm, and grippers connected in sequence. The robot base is connected to the base and has 360° rotational freedom in the horizontal direction. All three robotic arms have 360° rotational freedom in the vertical direction. The grippers include a pressing gripper, a drill bit gripper, and a solder gripper, all mounted on the gripper body. The drill bit gripper enables loading and unloading of the drill bit body. The pressing gripper presses the PDC composite sheet close to the drill bit tooth cavity during welding. The solder gripper is used for loading and unloading solder and the PDC composite sheet. The three grippers are respectively installed in the X, Y, and Z directions. The control cabinet includes an air switch, a PLC program module, a power supply, relays, and terminal blocks. The terminal blocks are connected to an external host computer display, and the PLC program module is connected to the sensors of the multi-functional welding robot. It collects data input from the sensors and implements corresponding actions through pre-embedded data programs.

[0007] The present invention also includes the following technical features: Specifically, the material box in station A is used to store auxiliary welding flux, and station B is used to place the orderly arranged solder sheets and composite sheets.

[0008] Specifically, the robot base is connected to the base, and the robot base is equipped with motors and bearings to achieve 360° rotational freedom in the horizontal direction; the three robotic arms are equipped with motors and bearings at their connection points, and each of them has 360° rotational freedom in the vertical direction under the control of the motors; through the control of the three robotic arms, the multi-functional welding robot has displacement and rotational freedom in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0009] Specifically, the solder gripper includes a mounting plate on the gripper body, a pin vertically mounted on the mounting plate, a support baffle vertically passing through the pin, a spring sleeved on the pin and located between the mounting plate and the support baffle, a tube vertically mounted on the outer wall of the support baffle, a suction cylinder connected to the tube, and a suction cup located at the end of the tube. When the material box position is reached, the PLC controls the suction cylinder to act, and the air pressure is transmitted to the suction cup through the tube, and the suction cup grabs the solder and PDC composite sheet.

[0010] Specifically, the solder gripper is equipped with an overload protection device and a pressure sensor. When the tube is overloaded, the spring is compressed, the support baffle moves along the pin shaft, and the tube moves accordingly, thereby preventing the robot from triggering an overload alarm when placing solder or composite sheet.

[0011] Specifically, the tablet clamping claw includes a support plate on the clamping claw body, a support rod vertically mounted on the support plate, a baffle vertically mounted on the support rod, a compression spring sleeved on the support rod and located between the support plate and the baffle, and a pressure rod fixed to the outer wall of the baffle; the end of the pressure rod is flat to contact and compress the PDC composite tablet.

[0012] Specifically, the tablet clamping claw is also equipped with an overload protection device and a pressure sensor to monitor the required clamping force for different PDC composite tablets.

[0013] Specifically, the drill bit body chuck includes a linear cylinder mounted on the chuck body and a connected V-shaped chuck. The angle range of the V-shaped chuck is 110-130°, which can accommodate drill bits of different outer diameters. The drill bit body chuck operates through the linear cylinder. When the linear cylinder retracts, the V-shaped chuck clamps the drill bit body. When the linear cylinder extends, the V-shaped chuck opens and places the drill bit body.

[0014] A flexible parameter design method for a flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits includes: after switching drill bit specifications, automatically changing production based on the input product data parameters and the offset formula in the PLC control program; Product data parameters include: drill bit specification name, drill bit crown outer diameter, drill bit body height, number of drill bit blades, PDC composite sheet outer diameter, and PDC composite sheet thickness; The offset formula is: The offset of the heating induction coil during welding is ΔA = h - h'; The offset of the preheating heating induction coil is ΔB = h - h'; Offset of tablet clamping jaw position ΔC = (d'-d) / 2 + (t-t'); Displacement of solder gripper point ΔD = (d'-d) / 2; The standard specifications for the drill bit are as follows: the center distance d of the PDC composite sheet corresponding to the outer diameter of the drill bit, the thickness of the PDC composite sheet is t, and the length of the drill bit body is h; after switching to a new drill bit, the parameters are as follows: the center distance d' of the PDC composite sheet corresponding to the outer diameter of the drill bit, the thickness of the PDC composite sheet is t', and the length of the drill bit body is h'.

[0015] A method for operating a flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits includes the following steps: Step 1, Automatic loading and unloading positioning: The multi-functional welding robot rotates the drill bit body gripper to grab the drill bit body from the material table, load it onto the positioner at station A and clamp it, and then automatically adjusts the position according to the preset offset before returning. Step 2, PID closed-loop preheating: The drill bit body is positioned at the center of the preheating induction coil, and the positioner rotates to ensure uniform heating of the drill bit body; PID temperature control is activated, the infrared thermometer provides real-time temperature feedback, and the power is automatically adjusted to rapidly heat the drill bit body to 600-650℃. Step 3, Dual-station collaborative material change: After preheating, the drill bit gripper grabs the drill bit body and transfers it to the positioner at station B and clamps it. Then the multi-functional welding robot returns to station A and repeats step 1 to grab a new drill bit body for preheating, realizing parallel operation of stations A and B. Step 4, PID welding heating: The drill bit body is positioned at the center of the welding induction coil, the PID temperature control is activated, the infrared thermometer monitors in real time, and the power is automatically adjusted to make the drill bit body stably heat up to 680-720℃, and enter the constant temperature welding state. Step 5, Solder-composite sheet loading and clamping: The multi-functional welding robot switches to the solder gripper, picks up the solder sheet from the material box according to the offset and places it precisely in the toothed cavity of the blade; then picks up the composite sheet and places it in the same toothed cavity; then switches to the clamping gripper, presses down the composite sheet according to the offset to make it fit the toothed cavity, and the pressure sensor monitors the clamping force to complete the welding. Step 6, Multi-blade cyclic welding: The positioner rotates to the set angle according to the formula parameters, switches to the next blade, and repeats Step 5 to complete the feeding and pressing welding of the solder sheet and composite sheet; repeat in this way until all blades are welded. Step 7, Batch Continuous Production: The drill bit chuck unloads the finished drill bit from station B into the finished product area, and then transfers the preheated drill bit body from station A to station B; Step 4 is initiated, and a new drill bit body is simultaneously grabbed and preheated at station A. The above actions are continuously repeated to achieve batch production.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: This invention relates to a flexible brazing workstation for multi-specification, multi-parameter PDC drill bits: based on the displacement offset formula, parameters such as positioner rotation displacement, multi-functional robot positioning, and induction coil displacement are designed to achieve flexible welding of multi-specification, multi-parameter PDC drill bits. The present invention relates to a multi-functional mechanical gripper structure design: a multi-functional gripper is designed on the third robotic arm. The gripper is structurally designed and the rotation of the three functional grippers is controlled by a program to achieve flexible actions such as loading the drill bit body, loading the composite sheet, clamping the composite sheet, and loading the flux and solder. The control system PLC program design of this invention: multiple sensors acquire the working status of the corresponding equipment, and the robot point control, induction coil heating control, mechanical gripper change action control and other functions are realized by editing the control logic program. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the overall assembly drawing of the flexible welding workstation of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-frequency induction heating device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional robot gripper structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the solder gripper structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gripper structure of the drill bit body of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multifunctional welding robot of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the control system embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the program logic flow of the PLC control system of the present invention.

[0025] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Multifunctional welding robot, 2. High-frequency induction heating device, 3. Positioner, 4. Material box, 5. Base, 6. Control cabinet, 7. Distance sensor, 8. Heating induction coil, 9. Slider, 10. Slide rail, 11. Plate clamping jaw, 12. Drill bit body clamp, 13. Solder clamp, 14. Spring, 15. Pin, 16. Support baffle, 17. Tube body, 18. Suction cup, 19. Linear cylinder, 20. V-shaped structure clamp, 21. First robotic arm, 22. Second robotic arm, 23. Third robotic arm. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example: This embodiment provides a flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits, such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it includes a multi-functional welding robot 1, a high-frequency induction heating device 2, a tooling positioner 3 and a material box 4 mounted on a base 5, and a PLC program control cabinet 6.

[0028] The base 5 has stations A and B, each equipped with a high-frequency induction heating device 2, a positioner 3, and a material box 4. Station A is used to manage the preheating of the drill bit body, while station B is used to perform brazing of the composite sheet. The high-frequency induction heating device 2 includes a slide rail 10 vertically mounted on the base 5, a slider 9 mounted on the slide rail 10, a distance sensor 7 located on the upper inner side of the slider 9, and a heating induction coil 8 located on the lower inner side of the slider 9. The distance sensor 7 controls the drill bit body to be positioned at a suitable height within the heating induction coil 8. Different specifications of drill bits are designed with different formula parameters, the specific values ​​of which are determined by the length of the drill bit body of different specifications. The heating induction coil 8 moves up and down along the slide rail 10 via the slider 9. At the upper position, the heating induction coil 8 is used to preheat the crown of the drill bit body or to weld the composite sheet, while at the lower position, the heating induction coil 8 is not working. The material box 4 in station A is used to store auxiliary welding flux, while station B is used to place the orderly arranged solder sheets and composite sheets.

[0029] The multi-functional welding robot 1 includes a robot base, a first robotic arm 2121, a second robotic arm 2222, a third robotic arm 2323, and grippers connected in sequence. The robot base is connected to the base 5 and has a 360° rotational freedom in the horizontal direction. All three robotic arms have a 360° rotational freedom in the vertical direction. The grippers include a pressing gripper 11, a drill bit gripper 12, and a solder gripper 13, all mounted on the gripper body. The drill bit gripper 12 can load and unload the drill bit body. The pressing gripper 11 can press the PDC composite sheet close to the drill bit tooth cavity during welding. The solder gripper 13 is used for loading and unloading solder and PDC composite sheets. The three grippers are installed in the X, Y, and Z directions respectively, and work independently without interfering with each other, greatly improving the space of the robot's position.

[0030] The robot base is connected to the base 5 by a flange. The robot base contains a motor and bearings to achieve 360° rotational freedom in the horizontal direction. The three robotic arms are connected by motors and bearings, and each of them has 360° rotational freedom in the vertical direction under the control of the motors. Through the control of the three robotic arms, the multi-functional welding robot 1 has displacement and rotational freedom in the horizontal and vertical directions, realizing the predetermined functions.

[0031] The solder gripper 13 includes a mounting plate on the gripper body, a pin 15 vertically mounted on the mounting plate, a support baffle 16 vertically passing through the pin 15, a spring 14 sleeved on the pin 15 and located between the mounting plate and the support baffle 16, a tube 17 vertically disposed on the outer wall of the support baffle 16, a suction cylinder connected to the tube 17, and a suction cup 18 disposed at the end of the tube 17, used to grip solder sheets and PDC composite sheets. When the robot reaches position 4 of the material box, the PLC control system commands the suction cylinder to operate, and the air pressure is transmitted to the suction cup 18 through the tube 17. The suction cup 18 is concave and can reliably grip the solder sheets and PDC composite sheets. The solder gripper 13 is equipped with an overload protection device and a pressure sensor. When the tube 17 is overloaded, the spring 14 is compressed, the support baffle 16 moves along the pin 15, and the tube 17 also moves upward, thereby preventing the robot from triggering an overload alarm when placing solder or composite sheets, which would affect the smoothness of production.

[0032] The tablet clamp 11 includes a support plate on the clamp body, a support rod vertically mounted on the support plate, a baffle vertically mounted on the support rod, a compression spring sleeved on the support rod and located between the support plate and the baffle, and a pressure rod fixed to the outer wall of the baffle; the end of the pressure rod is flat to contact and press the PDC composite tablet; the tablet clamp 11 is also equipped with an overload protection device and a pressure sensor to monitor the required clamping force for different PDC composite tablets.

[0033] The drill bit body chuck 12 includes a linear cylinder 19 mounted on the chuck body and a connected V-shaped chuck 20. The V-shaped chuck 20 is designed in a V-shape with an angle range of 110-130°, which can accommodate drill bits of different outer diameters. The drill bit body chuck 12 operates through the linear cylinder 19. When the linear cylinder 19 retracts, the V-shaped chuck 20 clamps the drill bit body. When the linear cylinder 19 extends, the V-shaped chuck 20 opens to place the drill bit body.

[0034] The positioner is designed with a three-jaw chuck, and a motor and a reduction helical gear are located at the bottom. The motor rotation is controlled by a program to change the welding state of different blades of the drill bit.

[0035] The material box is equipped with circular and square slots, which are used to hold the diamond composite sheet to be welded and the solder for the robot to grasp.

[0036] The PLC program control cabinet 6 includes an air switch, a PLC program module, a power supply, relays, and terminal blocks. The terminal blocks are connected to an external host computer display, and the PLC program module is connected to the sensors of the multi-functional welding robot 1. It collects the data input from the sensors and implements corresponding actions through pre-embedded data programs.

[0037] This embodiment also provides a flexible parameter design method for a flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits. The method addresses the issue of numerous drill bit specifications. Since manual intervention is required to change process parameters after each specification change, significant labor costs and time are wasted, reducing production efficiency. Therefore, in the control system, a specific product specification (e.g., a three-wing concave φd) is used as the baseline specification. The control system performs automated production changeover based on input product data parameters and offset formulas in the PLC control program. This includes positioner rotation displacement, multi-functional robot point-to-point control, and induction coil displacement. Key parameter settings include: drill bit specification name, drill bit crown outer diameter, drill bit body height, number of drill bit wings, PDC composite sheet outer diameter, and PDC composite sheet thickness.

[0038] For a drill bit with a three-wing concave φd specification as the base specification: the drill bit outer diameter corresponds to the center distance d of the PDC composite sheet, the PDC composite sheet thickness is t, and the drill bit body length is h; after switching to a new drill bit: the drill bit outer diameter corresponds to the center distance d' of the PDC composite sheet, the PDC composite sheet thickness is t', and the drill bit body length is h'; the formula for the offset of the control system path during production changeover is as follows: The offset of the heating induction coil during welding is ΔA = h - h'; The offset of the preheating heating induction coil is ΔB = h - h'; Offset of tablet clamping jaw position ΔC = (d'-d) / 2 + (t-t'); The displacement of the solder gripper point is ΔD = (d' - d) / 2.

[0039] This embodiment also provides a working method for a flexible workstation with automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits, such as... Figure 7 and 8 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step 1, Automatic loading and unloading positioning: The multi-functional welding robot rotates the drill bit body gripper to the "V" working state, grabs the drill bit body from the material table, loads it onto the positioner at station A and clamps it. After the robot automatically adjusts its position according to the preset offset, it returns to the safe transition point to wait. Step 2, PID closed-loop preheating: The distance sensor is linked with the servo guide rail to position the drill bit body at the center of the preheating induction coil. The positioner rotates to make the drill bit body heat up evenly. The PID temperature control is started, the infrared thermometer provides real-time temperature feedback, and the power is automatically adjusted to make the drill bit body heat up quickly to 600-650℃. After reaching the target temperature, it is automatically kept warm for 5 minutes. Step 3, Dual-station collaborative material change: After preheating, the drill bit gripper grabs the drill bit body and transfers it to the positioner at station B and clamps it. Then the multi-functional welding robot returns to station A and repeats step 1 to grab a new drill bit body for preheating, realizing parallel operation of stations A and B. Step 4, PID welding heating: The B-position distance sensor and servo guide rail control the drill bit body to be positioned at the center of the welding induction coil, start the PID temperature control, the infrared thermometer monitors in real time, and automatically adjusts the power to make the drill bit body stably heat up to 680-720℃, and enter the constant temperature welding state. Step 5, Solder-composite sheet loading and clamping: The multi-functional welding robot switches to the solder gripper, picks up the solder sheet from the material box according to the offset and places it precisely in the tooth cavity of the blade; then picks up the composite sheet and places it in the same tooth cavity; then switches to the clamping gripper, presses down the composite sheet according to the offset to make it fit the tooth cavity, the pressure sensor monitors the clamping force, and maintains it for 1 minute to complete the welding; Step 6, Multi-blade cyclic welding: The positioner rotates to the set angle according to the formula parameters, switches to the next blade, and repeats Step 5 to complete the feeding and pressing welding of the solder sheet and composite sheet; repeat in this way until all blades are welded. Step 7, Batch Continuous Production: The drill bit chuck unloads the finished drill bit from station B into the finished product area, and then transfers the preheated drill bit body from station A to station B; Step 4 is initiated, and a new drill bit body is simultaneously grabbed and preheated at station A. The above actions are continuously repeated to achieve batch production.

[0040] This invention innovatively designs a flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits, which can effectively realize unmanned and automated welding of drill bit bodies. The key components include a multi-functional welding robot, a multi-functional gripper, a positioner, and an induction heating device. Based on displacement offset formulas and sensor data acquisition, it adopts PLC system programmable control to realize batch and fully automated production of drill bits of various specifications.

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0043] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits, characterized in that, It includes a multi-functional welding robot (1), a high-frequency induction heating device (2), a positioner (3) and a material box (4) mounted on a base (5), and also includes a control cabinet (6); The base (5) is provided with station A and station B. Both stations are provided with the high-frequency induction heating device (2), positioner (3) and material box (4). Station A is used to manage the preheating of the drill bit body, and station B is used to realize the brazing of composite sheet. The high-frequency induction heating device (2) includes a slide rail (10) installed vertically on the base (5), a slider (9) provided on the slide rail (10), a distance sensor (7) provided on the upper inner side of the slider (9), and a heating induction coil (8) on the lower inner side of the slider (9). The distance sensor (7) can control the drill bit body to be placed at a suitable height in the heating induction coil (8). The heating induction coil (8) moves up and down along the slide rail (10) through the slider (9). The upper position corresponds to the heating induction coil (8) to preheat the crown of the drill bit body or weld the composite sheet. The lower position is when the heating induction coil (8) does not work. The multifunctional welding robot (1) includes a robot base, a first robotic arm (21), a second robotic arm (22), a third robotic arm (23), and grippers connected in sequence; the robot base is connected to the base (5) and has a 360° rotational freedom in the horizontal direction; all three robotic arms have a 360° rotational freedom in the vertical direction; the grippers include a pressing gripper (11), a drill bit gripper (12), and a solder gripper (13) provided on the gripper body. The drill bit gripper (12) can realize the loading and unloading of the drill bit body, the pressing gripper (11) can press the PDC composite sheet close to the drill bit tooth cavity during welding, and the solder gripper (13) is used for loading and unloading of solder and PDC composite sheet; the three grippers are respectively installed in the X, Y, and Z directions; The control cabinet (6) includes an air switch, a PLC program module, a power supply, a relay, and a terminal block. The terminal block is connected to an external host computer display, and the PLC program module is connected to the sensors of the multi-functional welding robot (1). It collects the data input from the sensors and implements the corresponding actions through the pre-embedded data program.

2. The flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The material box (4) in station A is used to store auxiliary welding flux, and station B is used to place the orderly arranged solder sheets and composite sheets.

3. The flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The robot base is connected to the base (5). The robot base is equipped with a motor and bearings to achieve 360° rotational freedom in the horizontal direction. The three robotic arms are connected by motors and bearings, and each has 360° rotational freedom in the vertical direction under the control of the motors. Through the control of the three robotic arms, the multifunctional welding robot (1) has displacement and rotational freedom in the horizontal and vertical directions.

4. The flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solder gripper (13) includes a mounting plate on the gripper body, a pin (15) vertically mounted on the mounting plate, a support baffle (16) vertically passing through the pin (15), a spring (14) sleeved on the pin (15) and located between the mounting plate and the support baffle (16), a tube (17) vertically mounted on the outer wall of the support baffle (16), a suction cylinder connected to the tube (17), and a suction cup (18) located at the end of the tube (17). When the material box (4) is reached, the PLC controls the suction cylinder to move, and the air pressure is transmitted to the suction cup (18) through the tube (17). The suction cup (18) grabs the solder and the PDC composite sheet.

5. The flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The solder gripper (13) is equipped with an overload protection device and a pressure sensor. When the tube body (17) is overloaded, the spring (14) is compressed, the support baffle (16) moves along the pin shaft (15), and the tube body (17) also moves, thereby preventing the robot from triggering an overload alarm when placing solder or composite sheet.

6. The flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tablet clamp (11) includes a support plate on the clamp body, a support rod vertically mounted on the support plate, a baffle vertically mounted on the support rod, a compression spring mounted on the support rod and located between the support plate and the baffle, and a pressure rod fixed to the outer wall of the baffle; the end of the pressure rod is flat to contact and press the PDC composite tablet.

7. The flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The tablet clamp (11) is also equipped with an overload protection device and a pressure sensor to monitor the required clamping force for different PDC composite tablets.

8. The flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit body chuck (12) includes a linear cylinder (19) mounted on the chuck body and a connected V-shaped chuck (20). The angle range of the V-shaped chuck (20) is 110-130°, which can accommodate drill bits of different outer diameters. The drill bit body chuck (12) works through the linear cylinder (19). When the linear cylinder (19) retracts, the V-shaped chuck (20) clamps the drill bit body. When the linear cylinder (19) opens and extends, the V-shaped chuck (20) opens and places the drill bit body.

9. A method for designing flexible parameters for a flexible workstation with automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits, characterized in that, include: After switching drill bit specifications, the automatic production changeover is performed based on the input product data parameters and the offset formula in the PLC control program. Product data parameters include: drill bit specification name, drill bit crown outer diameter, drill bit body height, number of drill bit blades, PDC composite sheet outer diameter, and PDC composite sheet thickness; The offset formula is: The offset of the heating induction coil during welding is ΔA = h - h'; The offset of the preheating heating induction coil is ΔB = h - h'; Offset of tablet clamping jaw position ΔC = (d'-d) / 2 + (t-t'); Displacement of solder gripper point ΔD = (d'-d) / 2; The standard specifications for the drill bit are as follows: the center distance d of the PDC composite sheet corresponding to the outer diameter of the drill bit, the thickness of the PDC composite sheet is t, and the length of the drill bit body is h; after switching to a new drill bit, the parameters are as follows: the center distance d' of the PDC composite sheet corresponding to the outer diameter of the drill bit, the thickness of the PDC composite sheet is t', and the length of the drill bit body is h'.

10. A method for operating a flexible workstation for automatic induction brazing of PDC drill bits, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Automatic loading and unloading positioning: The multi-functional welding robot rotates the drill bit body gripper to grab the drill bit body from the material table, load it onto the positioner at station A and clamp it, and then automatically adjusts the position according to the preset offset before returning. Step 2, PID closed-loop preheating: The drill bit body is positioned at the center of the preheating induction coil, and the positioner rotates to ensure uniform heating of the drill bit body; PID temperature control is activated, the infrared thermometer provides real-time temperature feedback, and the power is automatically adjusted to rapidly heat the drill bit body to 600-650℃. Step 3, Dual-station collaborative material change: After preheating, the drill bit gripper grabs the drill bit body and transfers it to the positioner at station B and clamps it. Then the multi-functional welding robot returns to station A and repeats step 1 to grab a new drill bit body for preheating, realizing parallel operation of stations A and B. Step 4, PID welding heating: The drill bit body is positioned at the center of the welding induction coil, the PID temperature control is activated, the infrared thermometer monitors in real time, and the power is automatically adjusted to make the drill bit body stably heat up to 680-720℃, and enter the constant temperature welding state. Step 5, Solder-composite sheet loading and clamping: The multi-functional welding robot switches to the solder gripper, picks up the solder sheet from the material box according to the offset and places it precisely in the toothed cavity of the blade; then picks up the composite sheet and places it in the same toothed cavity; then switches to the clamping gripper, presses down the composite sheet according to the offset to make it fit the toothed cavity, and the pressure sensor monitors the clamping force to complete the welding. Step 6, Multi-blade cyclic welding: The positioner rotates to the set angle according to the formula parameters, switches to the next blade, and repeats Step 5 to complete the feeding and pressing welding of the solder sheet and composite sheet; repeat in this way until all blades are welded. Step 7, Batch Continuous Production: The drill bit chuck unloads the finished drill bit from station B into the finished product area, and then transfers the preheated drill bit body from station A to station B; Step 4 is initiated, and a new drill bit body is simultaneously grabbed and preheated at station A. The above actions are continuously repeated to achieve batch production.

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