A laser texturing tool cutting performance real-time detection device and online repair method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of laser texture cutter cutting performance real-time detection device and online repair method, including stepped chip breaker platform component and laser processing component;Stepped chip breaker platform component includes chip breaker platform matrix and multiple pressure sensors, chip breaker platform matrix is equipped with multilayer step of gradually increasing along chip outflow direction, and the back of each layer step is provided with pressure sensor;Laser processing component includes laser processing system, laser power supply, laser trigger and signal receiving amplifier, signal receiving amplifier is used to receive pressure signal and control laser trigger to start laser processing system according to preset condition;Chip breaker platform matrix is fixed to rake face of laser texture cutter.The application judges the degree of wear of rake face of laser texture cutter by real-time detection of the collision position of chip and different steps of chip breaker, and automatically triggers laser secondary texture repair, realizes the high integration of online monitoring and self-repair, and improves machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tool monitoring and repair technology, and particularly relates to a real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser-textured tools and an online repair method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of modern manufacturing technology, the demand for high-precision machining is increasing. The performance of cutting tools directly affects machining quality and efficiency, especially in high-precision and high-complexity machining processes, where tool wear and damage are often unavoidable. Therefore, online monitoring and timely repair of cutting tools have become one of the key technologies for improving production efficiency and machining accuracy.

[0003] Traditional tool monitoring and repair methods mostly rely on manual inspection or offline testing, which not only increases production downtime but may also lead to a decline in tool performance, affecting production efficiency and machining quality. Furthermore, existing tool repair technologies primarily depend on machining processes, making it difficult to achieve online repair of tools in complex working environments.

[0004] In recent years, laser processing technology has made significant progress in tool surface texturing and repair. Laser texturing technology can create microstructures on tool surfaces, thereby improving tool wear resistance, reducing the coefficient of friction, and extending tool life. However, existing laser texturing technologies are mostly used for preliminary tool processing or repair, lacking effective online monitoring and real-time repair solutions, making it difficult to meet the dynamic needs of actual production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a real-time detection device and online repair method for the cutting performance of laser textured tools. By detecting the collision position of the chip and the chip breaker at different steps in real time, the wear degree of the rake face of the laser textured tool is determined and the laser secondary texture repair is automatically triggered, realizing a high degree of integration of online monitoring and self-repair, and improving machining efficiency.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser textured tools, comprising a stepped chip-breaking stage assembly for detecting wear conditions and a laser processing assembly for performing laser textured repair.

[0007] The stepped chip breaking platform assembly includes a chip breaking platform base and multiple pressure sensors disposed thereon. The chip breaking platform base has multiple steps that gradually increase in the direction of chip flow, and the pressure sensor is disposed on the back of each step.

[0008] The laser processing assembly includes a laser processing system, a laser power supply, a laser trigger, and a signal receiving amplifier connected in series. The signal receiving amplifier is connected to each of the pressure sensors and is used to receive pressure signals and control the laser trigger to start the laser processing system according to preset conditions.

[0009] The chip breaker base is fixed to the rake face of the laser textured tool, and the laser textured tool is clamped on the lathe's slide box by the tool holder.

[0010] Furthermore, the chip breaking stage base has three steps: a lower step, a middle step, and an upper step. The pressure sensor includes a lower pressure sensor located on the back of the lower step, a middle pressure sensor located on the back of the middle step, and an upper pressure sensor located on the back of the upper step.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower pressure sensor, the middle pressure sensor, and the upper pressure sensor have the same structure, each consisting of two extrusion plates, two electrode layers, and a sensing unit stacked and bonded together in sequence. The sensing unit is located between the two electrode layers, and the two extrusion plates are located on the outermost layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the laser processing system includes a laser and an optical system, the optical system including a Y-direction polarizing mirror, an X-direction polarizing mirror, a beam expander, a reflector, a focusing lens, and a protective mirror arranged along the optical path.

[0013] Furthermore, both the Y-direction polarizing mirror and the X-direction polarizing mirror can rotate around their own axes to control the scanning path of the laser beam.

[0014] Furthermore, the laser is a fiber laser.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a displacement adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the laser processing system. The displacement adjustment mechanism includes a column, a guide rail, a slide, and a drive assembly. The column is mounted on the slide box, the guide rail is fixed to the column, the slide is slidably disposed on the guide rail, the laser processing system is mounted on the slide via a laser platform, and the drive assembly is connected to the slide.

[0016] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a lead screw, a coupling, and a motor. The lead screw is driven by the slide table, and the motor drives the lead screw to rotate through the coupling.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle between the back side of the step of the chip-breaking stage substrate and the horizontal direction is 30°~45°.

[0018] An online repair method for a laser textured tool cutting performance real-time detection device includes the following steps:

[0019] Step S1: System Installation

[0020] The laser texture tool is mounted on the tool holder. The chip breaker base containing the pressure sensor is fixed to the rake face of the laser texture tool with screws and locating pins, so that the back of the chip breaker base is parallel to the main cutting edge. The laser processing system is fixed to the slide table via the laser platform. The laser processing system, laser power supply, laser trigger and signal receiving amplifier are connected in series in sequence, and the signal receiving amplifier is connected to the lower pressure sensor, the middle pressure sensor and the upper pressure sensor.

[0021] Step S2: Calibration reference

[0022] When the pressure sensor detects a pressure signal, it indicates that the chip breaks upon impact with the lower step of the chip breaking platform, signifying that the wear of the rake face of the laser textured tool is normal.

[0023] When the pressure sensor detects a pressure signal, it indicates that the chip breaks after colliding with the middle step of the chip breaking table substrate, marking that the wear of the rake face of the laser textured tool has entered a critical state.

[0024] When the upper pressure sensor detects a pressure signal, it indicates that the chip breaks after colliding with the upper step of the chip breaking stage substrate. This signifies that the rake face of the laser-textured tool is severely worn and requires immediate secondary laser texturing to repair the tool.

[0025] Step S3: Workpiece machining

[0026] The workpiece to be processed is fixed on the three-jaw chuck of the lathe. After the workpiece is installed, the tool setting is performed to make it contact the workpiece surface. After the tool setting is completed, the formal cutting stage begins.

[0027] Step S4: Pressure signal acquisition

[0028] The chips generated during the workpiece cutting process, when they hit the pressure sensor on the chip breaking stage base, generate a pressure signal that is transmitted to the signal receiving amplifier.

[0029] Step S5: Online Repair

[0030] When the signal receiving amplifier detects a signal from the upper pressure sensor, it controls the laser trigger to turn on the laser power and drives the slide to move so that the laser beam is focused, and performs secondary texturing on the rake face of the laser texturing tool.

[0031] Step S6: After the repair is completed, the laser texture tool returns to the cutting position and continues processing;

[0032] Step S7: Repeat steps S3 to S6 until the workpiece is finished.

[0033] Beneficial Effects: This invention, through a stepped chip breaker and pressure sensors, converts the wear state of the microtexture on the tool's rake face into a pressure signal generated by chip impact. This enables real-time and accurate judgment of the wear degree. After receiving the pressure signal through a signal receiving amplifier and judging it, the system automatically controls a laser trigger to start the laser processing system to complete online repair. Laser secondary texturing can be completed directly on a lathe, and the tool can immediately resume cutting after repair, avoiding positioning errors and time waste caused by repeated disassembly and assembly. Furthermore, the corresponding arrangement of the three steps and three pressure sensors divides the wear state into three levels: normal, critical, and severe. This makes the repair trigger time more precise, preventing premature repair from affecting processing efficiency and delayed repair from causing tool failure. Overall, this extends the service life of the laser-textured tool and improves machining efficiency and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for real-time detection of the cutting performance of laser textured tools;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stepped chip breaking stage and pressure sensor.

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser-textured tools applied to turning processes;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the laser processing assembly for performing laser texture repair;

[0038] Figure 5a A schematic diagram of the chip morphology generated by laser-textured cutting tools in a worn state;

[0039] Figure 5b A schematic diagram of the chip morphology produced by laser-textured tools in an unworn state;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a morphological image of the wear result on the rake face of a laser-textured tool after cutting. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a real-time detection device for the cutting performance of a laser-textured tool is characterized by comprising a stepped chip breaker assembly 1 for detecting wear conditions and a laser processing assembly 2 for performing laser texture repair. The stepped chip breaker assembly 1 includes a chip breaker base 11 and multiple pressure sensors disposed thereon. The chip breaker base 11 has multiple steps that gradually increase in the direction of chip flow 5, and the pressure sensor is disposed on the back of each step. The laser processing assembly 2 includes a laser processing system 21, a laser power supply 22, a laser trigger 25, and a signal receiving amplifier 24 connected in series. The signal receiving amplifier 24 is connected to each of the pressure sensors and is used to receive pressure signals and control the laser trigger 25 to start the laser processing system 21 according to preset conditions. The chip breaker base 11 is fixed to the rake face 4 of the laser-textured tool 6, and the laser-textured tool 6 is clamped on the slide box 30 of the lathe 40 by a tool holder. The microtexture on the rake face 4 of the laser-textured tool 6 gradually wears away during cutting, causing changes in the curl radius and toughness of the chip 5. When the texture is complete, as... Figure 5b As shown, the chip 5 is fully curled and relatively brittle, and it fractures upon collision with the lower step of the chip breaking platform substrate 11 during its outflow process; as texture wear intensifies, as... Figure 5a As shown, the chip 5 exhibits reduced curling and increased toughness, requiring collisions with the middle or even upper steps to break. By installing pressure sensors on the back of each step, the collisions of the chip 5 with different steps can be converted into detectable electrical signals. After receiving signals from each pressure sensor, the signal receiving amplifier 24 identifies the current tool wear state based on preset judgment conditions. When the wear reaches a level requiring repair, it automatically sends a start signal to the laser trigger 25, and the laser power supply 22 powers the laser processing system 21 to operate. This achieves automatic identification of wear state and automatic initiation of repair, solving the problems of reliance on manual judgment and offline repair in traditional methods, effectively improving machining efficiency and quality.

[0043] In this invention, as a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 or Figure 2As shown, the chip breaker base 11 has three steps: a lower step, a middle step, and an upper step. The pressure sensors include a lower pressure sensor 12 located on the back of the lower step, a middle pressure sensor 13 located on the back of the middle step, and an upper pressure sensor 14 located on the back of the upper step. This invention specifically sets the chip breaker base 11 as a three-step structure and divides the tool wear state into three levels. The general principle is as follows: when the lower pressure sensor 12 has a signal but the middle and upper sensors have no signal, it indicates that the chip 5 breaks upon impact at the lower step, corresponding to an intact rake face 4 texture and normal wear; when the middle pressure sensor 13 has a signal but the upper sensor has no signal, it indicates that the chip 5 needs to collide with the middle step to break, corresponding to the beginning of texture wear and entering a critical state; when the upper pressure sensor 14 has a signal, it indicates that the chip 5 can only break at the upper step, corresponding to severe texture wear. The above three-level judgment mode has a good correspondence with the actual tool wear process, thus providing a reliable basis for accurate repair judgment.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the lower pressure sensor 12, middle pressure sensor 13, and upper pressure sensor 14 have the same structure, each consisting of two extrusion plates 17, two electrode layers 19, and a sensing unit 18 stacked and bonded together. The sensing unit 18 is located between the two electrode layers 19, and the two extrusion plates 17 are located on the outermost layer. When the chip 5 collides with the step, the impact force first acts on the outer extrusion plate 17, which then uniformly transmits the mechanical pressure to the inner electrode layers 19 and the sensing unit 18. The sensing unit 18 is made of piezoresistive or piezoelectric material. After being compressed, its resistance or charge distribution changes, and an electrical signal is extracted through the electrode layers 19. The symmetrical arrangement of the two extrusion plates 17 ensures signal symmetry under bidirectional force and also protects the internal structure. Moreover, the pressure sensor designed with the above structure can convert minute collision impacts into stable electrical signal outputs, and has the advantages of fast response speed and strong anti-interference ability.

[0045] The laser processing system 21 includes a laser 41 and an optical system. The optical system includes a Y-direction polarizer 42, an X-direction polarizer 43, a beam expander 44, a reflector 45, a focusing lens 46, and a protective mirror 47 arranged along the optical path. During operation, the original laser beam emitted by the laser 41 first enters the Y-direction polarizer 42 and the X-direction polarizer 43. The two polarizers control the deflection angles of the laser beam in the Y and X directions, respectively, achieving scanning path control in a two-dimensional plane. After being deflected by the polarizers, the laser beam then enters the beam expander 44, which enlarges and collimates the laser beam diameter to reduce the beam divergence angle and increase the focused energy density. The expanded laser beam is redirected by the reflector 45 to adapt to the spatial position of the tool's rake face 4. The focusing lens 46 focuses the laser beam into a small spot, obtaining a high energy density sufficient for processing microtextures. The protective mirror 47 is located at the end of the optical path to prevent spatter generated during processing from contaminating the optical components. The advantages of the above optical path sequence design are: first, the scanning path is controlled by the polarizing mirror, and then the beam is expanded and collimated, which can ensure the consistency of beam quality during the scanning process, and at the same time avoid the large rotational inertia of the large diameter beam on the polarizing mirror, thus improving the scanning response speed.

[0046] Both the Y-direction polarizer 42 and the X-direction polarizer 43 can rotate around their own axes to control the scanning path of the laser beam. Specifically, when the Y-direction polarizer 42 rotates around its own axis, the exit direction of the incident laser beam is deflected in the Y direction; and when the X-direction polarizer 43 rotates around its own axis, the exit direction is deflected in the X direction. More specifically, the rotation range is 360°, and the maximum travel distance of the laser beam controlled in both directions is 200 mm.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the laser 41 of the present invention is a fiber laser. The laser wavelength is 1.06 μm; the maximum average output power can reach 300 W; the pulse repetition frequency is 0~500 Hz; the pulse width is 1~20 ms; the beam divergence angle is less than 10 mrad; and the laser power instability is less than ±3%. Fiber lasers have the advantages of high electro-optical conversion efficiency and good stability. In online repair applications, the laser needs to operate continuously for a long time and maintain stable power. Fiber lasers can meet these requirements and ensure secondary texturing operations.

[0048] like Figure 3As shown, the present invention also includes a displacement adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the laser processing system 21. The displacement adjustment mechanism includes a column 38, a guide rail 34, a slide 35, and a drive assembly. The column 38 is mounted on the slide box 30, the guide rail 34 is fixed to the column 38, and the slide 35 is slidably disposed on the guide rail 34. The laser processing system 21 is mounted on the slide 35 via a laser platform 37, and the drive assembly is connected to the slide 35. The laser texture tool 6 is positioned on the left side of the slide box 30, and the column 38 is fixed to the right side of the slide box 30, providing support for the entire displacement adjustment mechanism. The drive assembly controls the lifting and lowering movement of the slide 35, thereby driving the laser platform 37 and the laser processing system 21 on it to move up and down, thereby accurately adjusting the vertical distance between the laser processing system 21 and the rake face 4 of the laser texture tool 6, ensuring that the focal point of the laser beam accurately falls on the area to be repaired, and simultaneously achieving the avoidance of the laser processing system 21 after the repair is completed.

[0049] More specifically, the drive assembly includes a lead screw 33, a coupling 32, and a motor 31. The lead screw 33 is driven by the slide table 35, and the motor 31 drives the lead screw 33 to rotate through the coupling 32. The lead screw and slide table pair has the advantages of high transmission accuracy and good self-locking performance, which can maintain the accuracy and stability of the slide table 35 position during laser processing, ensuring the precision of the focusing distance during processing.

[0050] It is important to note that in this invention, the angle between the back surface of the step of the chip-breaking stage base 11 and the horizontal direction is 30° to 45°. The angle between the back surface of the step and the horizontal direction determines the impact angle and force direction of the chip 5 during collision. When the angle is too small, the chip 5 easily slides along the back surface of the step and cannot generate a sufficiently strong impact pressure signal; when the angle is too large, the impact force of the chip 5 on the sensor is too concentrated, which may damage the sensor or affect its lifespan, and also affect the normal chip breaking effect. An angle range of 30° to 45° ensures that the chip acts on the pressure sensor surface with a moderate impact force, ensuring both the reliability of signal acquisition and the sensor's lifespan and chip breaking effect.

[0051] An online tool repair method for a laser-textured tool cutting performance real-time detection device includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S1: System Installation

[0053] The laser texture tool 6 is mounted on the tool holder. The chip breaker base 11 containing the pressure sensor is fixed to the rake face 4 of the laser texture tool 6 by screws 15 and positioning pins 16, so that the back of the chip breaker base 11 is parallel to the main cutting edge. The laser processing system 21 is fixed to the slide table 35 by the laser platform 37. The laser processing system 21, laser power supply 22, laser trigger 25 and signal receiving amplifier 24 are connected in series, and the signal receiving amplifier 24 is connected to the lower pressure sensor 12, the middle pressure sensor 13 and the upper pressure sensor 14.

[0054] Step S2: Calibration reference

[0055] As the wear of the texture intensifies, it affects the toughness and curvature of the chips, resulting in different chip morphologies under varying wear conditions. Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, different types of chips will collide and break at different steps of the chip breaker. The sensor determines the tool wear by detecting the pressure signal on different step surfaces.

[0056] When the lower pressure sensor 12 detects a pressure signal, it indicates that the chip 5 breaks upon impacting the lower step of the chip breaker base 11, signifying that the wear of the rake face 4 of the laser textured tool 6 is normal. When the middle pressure sensor 13 detects a pressure signal, it indicates that the chip 5 breaks upon impacting the middle step of the chip breaker base 11, signifying that the wear of the rake face 4 of the laser textured tool 6 has entered a critical state. When the upper pressure sensor 14 detects a pressure signal, it indicates that the chip 5 breaks upon impacting the upper step of the chip breaker base 11, signifying that the wear of the rake face 4 of the laser textured tool 6 is severe. Figure 6 As shown, a second laser texture is required immediately to repair the laser texture tool 6.

[0057] Step S3: Workpiece machining

[0058] The workpiece to be processed is fixed on the three-jaw chuck 39 of the lathe 40. After the workpiece is installed, the tool setting is performed to make it contact the workpiece surface. After the tool setting is completed, the formal cutting stage begins.

[0059] Step S4: Pressure signal acquisition

[0060] The chips 5 generated during the workpiece cutting process are transmitted to the signal receiving amplifier 24 when they hit the pressure sensor on the chip breaking stage base 11.

[0061] Step S5: Online Repair

[0062] When the signal receiving amplifier 24 detects a signal from the upper pressure sensor 14, it controls the laser trigger 25 to turn on the laser power supply 22 and drives the slide 35 to move so that the laser beam is focused and performs secondary texturing on the front face 4 of the laser texturing tool 6.

[0063] In this step, when the signal from the upper pressure sensor 14 is recognized, the repair process is automatically executed: the tool is retracted so that the front face 4 of the laser cutting tool 6 is directly below the laser head, the laser trigger 25 starts the laser power supply 22, the displacement adjustment mechanism drives the slide 35 to focus the laser beam, and the laser processing system 21 performs secondary texturing on the worn front face 4.

[0064] Step S6: After the repair is completed, the laser texture tool 6 returns to the cutting position and continues processing.

[0065] Step S7: Repeat steps S3 to S6 until the workpiece is finished.

[0066] The above-mentioned online tool repair method of the present invention realizes automated control from detection, judgment, repair execution, tool recovery and reprocessing. No manual intervention is required throughout the process, ensuring the continuity of processing and the timeliness of repair.

[0067] In summary, this invention, through a stepped chip breaker and pressure sensors, transforms the wear state of the microtexture on the tool's rake face into a pressure signal generated by chip impact. This enables real-time and accurate judgment of the wear degree. After receiving the pressure signal through a signal receiving amplifier and making a judgment, the system automatically controls a laser trigger to start the laser processing system for online repair. Laser secondary texturing can be performed directly on a lathe, and the tool can immediately resume cutting after repair, avoiding positioning errors and time waste caused by repeated disassembly and assembly. Furthermore, the corresponding arrangement of the three steps and three pressure sensors divides the wear state into three levels: normal, critical, and severe. This makes the repair trigger time more precise, preventing premature repair from affecting processing efficiency and delayed repair from causing tool failure. Overall, this extends the service life of the laser-textured tool and improves machining efficiency and quality.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser-textured cutting tools, characterized in that: It includes a stepped chip breaking stage assembly (1) for wear condition detection and a laser processing assembly (2) for performing laser texture repair. The stepped chip breaking platform assembly (1) includes a chip breaking platform base (11) and a plurality of pressure sensors disposed thereon. The chip breaking platform base (11) is provided with multiple steps that rise gradually along the direction of chip (5) flow. The pressure sensor is disposed on the back of each step. The laser processing component (2) includes a laser processing system (21), a laser power supply (22), a laser trigger (25), and a signal receiving amplifier (24) connected in series. The signal receiving amplifier (24) is connected to each of the pressure sensors and is used to receive pressure signals and control the laser trigger (25) to start the laser processing system (21) according to preset conditions. The chip breaking table base (11) is fixed to the rake face (4) of the laser texture tool (6), and the laser texture tool (6) is clamped on the slide box (30) of the lathe (40) by the tool holder.

2. The real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser-textured tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip breaking platform base (11) has three steps, namely a lower step, a middle step and an upper step. The pressure sensor includes a lower pressure sensor (12) set on the back of the lower step, a middle pressure sensor (13) set on the back of the middle step and an upper pressure sensor (14) set on the back of the upper step.

3. The real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser-textured tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower pressure sensor (12), the middle pressure sensor (13) and the upper pressure sensor (14) have the same structure. They are all made of two extrusion plates (17), two electrode layers (19) and a sensing unit (18) stacked and bonded together in sequence. The sensing unit (18) is located between the two electrode layers (19) and the two extrusion plates (17) are located on the outermost layer.

4. The real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser textured tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser processing system (21) includes a laser (41) and an optical system. The optical system includes a Y-direction polarizer (42), an X-direction polarizer (43), a beam expander (44), a reflector (45), a focusing lens (46), and a protective lens (47) arranged along the optical path.

5. The real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser-textured tools according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the Y-direction polarizer (42) and the X-direction polarizer (43) can rotate around their own axes to control the scanning path of the laser beam.

6. The real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser textured tools according to claim 4, characterized in that: The laser (41) is a fiber laser.

7. The real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser textured tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a displacement adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the laser processing system (21). The displacement adjustment mechanism includes a column (38), a guide rail (34), a slide (35), and a drive assembly. The column (38) is mounted on the slide box (30), the guide rail (34) is fixed to the column (38), the slide (35) is slidably disposed on the guide rail (34), the laser processing system (21) is mounted on the slide (35) via a laser platform (37), and the drive assembly is connected to the slide (35).

8. The real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser textured tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a lead screw (33), a coupling (32), and a motor (31). The lead screw (33) is driven by the slide (35), and the motor (31) drives the lead screw (33) to rotate through the coupling (32).

9. The real-time detection device for the cutting performance of laser-textured tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the back side of the step of the chip-breaking stage base (11) and the horizontal direction is 30°~45°.

10. The online tool repair method of the laser textured tool cutting performance real-time detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: System Installation The laser texture tool (6) is mounted on the tool holder. The chip breaker base (11) containing the pressure sensor is fixed on the rake face (4) of the laser texture tool (6) by screws (15) and positioning pins (16), so that the back of the chip breaker base (11) is parallel to the main cutting edge. The laser processing system (21) is fixed on the slide table (35) by the laser platform (37). The laser processing system (21), laser power supply (22), laser trigger (25) and signal receiving amplifier (24) are connected in series in sequence, and the signal receiving amplifier (24) is connected to the lower pressure sensor (12), the middle pressure sensor (13) and the upper pressure sensor (14). Step S2: Calibration reference When the pressure signal is measured by the lower pressure sensor (12), it indicates that the chip (5) breaks when it collides with the lower step of the chip breaking table base (11), indicating that the wear of the rake face (4) of the laser textured tool (6) is normal. When the pressure sensor (13) detects the pressure signal, it indicates that the chip (5) breaks after colliding with the middle step of the chip breaking table base (11), which indicates that the wear of the rake face (4) of the laser textured tool (6) has entered a critical state. When the upper pressure sensor (14) detects the pressure signal, it indicates that the chip (5) breaks after colliding with the upper step of the chip breaking table base (11), indicating that the rake face (4) of the laser textured tool (6) is severely worn and needs to be repaired by performing secondary laser textured tool (6) immediately. Step S3: Workpiece machining The workpiece to be processed is fixed on the three-jaw chuck (39) of the lathe (40). After the workpiece is installed, the tool setting is performed so that it contacts the surface of the workpiece. After the tool setting is completed, the formal cutting stage begins. Step S4: Pressure signal acquisition The chips (5) generated during the workpiece cutting process are transmitted to the signal receiving amplifier (24) when the chips (5) hit the pressure sensor on the chip breaking stage base (11). Step S5: Online Repair When the signal receiving amplifier (24) detects a signal from the upper pressure sensor (14), it controls the laser trigger (25) to turn on the laser power supply (22) and drives the slide (35) to move so that the laser beam is focused and performs secondary texturing on the front face (4) of the laser texturing tool (6); Step S6: After the repair is completed, the laser texture tool (6) returns to the cutting position and continues processing; Step S7: Repeat steps S3 to S6 until the workpiece is finished.

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