A polycarbosilane continuous melt-spinning solidification preparation device and preparation process

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning solidification preparation equipment and preparation process, and the application relates to spinning processing technical field.Through the middle temperature zone, low temperature zone, cooling zone sequentially connected in solidification pool, three-stage gradient cooling solidification system is constructed, based on the phase change characteristics of polycarbosilane melt design progressive solidification path, cooperate independent closed loop temperature control, completely avoid the internal stress concentration caused by melt stream instantaneous cooling, make the stable phase change of filament bundle from viscous flow state to solid state greatly reduce the brittleness of nascent polycarbosilane fiber, effectively reduce the subsequent hair and broken wire phenomenon in the process of bunching, transmission, winding, in combination with the uniform distribution of air micro-pore of inner wall circumferential annular solidification tube, make cooling airflow form full circumferential symmetrical uniform wind field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spinning processing technology, specifically to a continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment and process for polycarbosilane. Background Technology

[0002] The continuous melt spinning and curing equipment for polycarbosilane (PCS) is a complete set of equipment and process systems that prepares continuous polycarbosilane non-melting fibers with uniform diameter, stable structure, and resistance to subsequent high-temperature inorganic sintering by melting and homogenizing spinning-grade polycarbosilane at high temperature, continuously melting and spinning, precisely cooling and shaping, and cross-linking and curing. It is the core link that determines the performance, yield, and industrialization capability of continuous silicon carbide fibers. Through precise matching of mechanical equipment and processes, it realizes the continuous fiber formation of low molecular weight, brittle, and temperature-sensitive polycarbosilane, laying the foundation for the final preparation of high-temperature resistant, high-strength, and high-modulus continuous silicon carbide fibers.

[0003] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, it is believed that the cooling and shaping process of the polycarbosilane melt stream extruded from the spinneret on the screw extruder is a key step that determines the morphology, size uniformity, mechanical properties, and suitability for subsequent processing of the nascent fiber. Currently, the industry uses a unidirectional side-blowing cooling device to cool and shape the fiber bundle, which has the technical defect of insufficient airflow uniformity.

[0004] The cooling airflow can only sweep laterally from one side of the filament bundle, resulting in a significant difference in cooling rate between the windward and leeward sides of a single filament. This uneven circumferential curing process causes inconsistent shrinkage of the filament cross-section, easily forming non-circular cross-section irregular fibers and significantly increasing the fiber diameter variation coefficient. On the other hand, the circumferential temperature gradient difference leads to severely uneven distribution of internal stress within the fiber, directly causing a significant increase in the brittleness of the nascent polycarbosilane fibers, which seriously restricts the production efficiency and product yield of the production line.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment for polycarbosilane to solve the technical problems in the existing technology, such as uneven circumferential cooling of the filaments, irregular fiber cross-sections, uneven distribution of internal stress, high brittleness, and high filament breakage rate caused by insufficient uniformity of the cooling air field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a continuous melt spinning and curing preparation device and process for polycarbosilane, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a continuous melt spinning and curing preparation device and process for polycarbosilane, comprising a base, a screw extruder disposed on the left side of the top wall of the base for continuously melting and extruding polycarbosilane, the discharge end of the screw extruder being equipped with an extrusion end head through a disassembly and assembly mechanism to adapt to extruded wire bundles of various specifications, a curing component disposed on the top of the base for curing and shaping the extruded softened wire bundle, a drying component disposed on the right side of the curing component for secondary auxiliary curing and drying of the cured wire bundle, and a winding mechanism disposed on the right side of the base for winding the cured wire bundle;

[0008] The curing assembly includes a curing mechanism and a guiding mechanism. The curing mechanism includes a curing tank fixed to the top of the base. The curing tank is provided with a medium-temperature zone, a low-temperature zone and a cooling zone in sequence to achieve zoned curing and graded temperature control of the extruded wire harness.

[0009] The drying assembly includes a drying chamber, an auxiliary mechanism, a drying mechanism, and a deburring mechanism. The auxiliary mechanism includes annular curing tubes symmetrically fixed inside the drying chamber. Each annular curing tube has an air outlet on its inner wall for circumferential air-cooled auxiliary curing and drying of the filaments passing through the annular curing tube.

[0010] Furthermore, thermometers are installed on the top wall of the curing tank at positions corresponding to the medium-temperature zone and the low-temperature zone, and temperature control tubes are installed on the bottom walls of the medium-temperature zone and the low-temperature zone to control the temperature of the liquid inside the medium-temperature zone and the low-temperature zone, and are electrically connected to the external control module.

[0011] Furthermore, the guiding mechanism includes several U-shaped frames fixedly installed on the top of the curing tank. Several upper guide wheels are rotatably installed on the inner wall of each U-shaped frame via connecting shafts. The upper guide wheels are all located in the intermediate transition area between the medium-temperature zone, the low-temperature zone, and the cooling zone. Several lower guide wheels are rotatably installed on the bottom of the inner wall of each of the medium-temperature zone, the low-temperature zone, and the cooling zone via connecting shafts to guide the shaped filament bundle into the curing tank for curing. Several water inlet pipes are connected to the bottom wall of each of the medium-temperature zone, the low-temperature zone, and the cooling zone. Control valves are installed on the outer wall of each water inlet pipe. A manifold pipe is connected to the bottom of each water inlet pipe. A delivery pipe is connected to the bottom of the manifold pipe and is connected to an external pumping device to replenish the curing liquid in the curing tank in real time.

[0012] Furthermore, the rear wall of each annular curing tube is connected to the same air supply pipe, the bottom of which is connected to a connecting pipe. A fan is installed on the top of the base corresponding to the position of the connecting pipe, and the air outlet of the fan is connected to the connecting pipe. Openings are evenly provided on the outer wall of the drying chamber corresponding to the position of the annular curing tube. A support frame is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the drying chamber, and the outer end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom support of the curing tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the drying mechanism includes a water collection frame that can be slidably and retractably installed inside the drying chamber. A lower water-absorbing pad is provided inside the drying chamber, and an upper water-absorbing pad is provided inside the drying chamber at a position corresponding to the lower water-absorbing pad. Limiting grooves are provided on the front and rear parts of the inner wall of the drying chamber. Limiting shafts are installed on the inner walls of the limiting grooves. A sliding seat that is fixed to the upper water-absorbing pad is slidably installed on the outer wall of the limiting shaft. A return spring is installed between the limiting groove and the sliding seat and sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, a steering shaft is rotatably installed inside the drying chamber. Cams are fixedly installed on the front and rear parts of the outer wall of the steering shaft. When the steering shaft drives the cams to rotate, it will press down on the upper water-absorbing pad and squeeze it to expel the moisture inside, keeping it dry and absorbent. A pulley is fixedly installed at the rear end of the steering shaft through the drying chamber via a bearing. A pulley is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the winding mechanism. The outer walls of pulley two and pulley one are connected by a synchronous belt to form a differential transmission.

[0015] Furthermore, the deburring mechanism includes several through-holes on the outer wall of the drying chamber. Grooves are formed at the top and bottom of the inner walls of each through-hole. Adjusting springs are provided on opposite sides of the inner walls of the grooves. A sliding seat is fixedly installed at the movable end of each adjusting spring. The outer wall of the sliding seat slides along the corresponding inner wall of the groove. An arc-shaped scraper is fixedly installed at the adjacent end of each sliding seat to scrape burrs off the surface of the wire harness. A chamfer is formed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped scraper near the water collection frame to discharge the scraped burrs into the water collection frame and allow them to contact the water, reducing the flying of burrs from the wire harness. A scraping blade is formed on the inner wall of each arc-shaped scraper.

[0016] Furthermore, the winding mechanism includes a stand fixedly installed on the top of the base. A winding shaft is rotatably installed on the top of the inner wall of the stand. Several winding wheels are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the winding shaft. A geared motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the stand. The power shaft of the geared motor passes through the stand and is fixedly connected to the winding shaft. Mounting shafts are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the stand. A reciprocating lead screw is fixedly installed between the mounting shafts. A reciprocating slide is provided on the outer wall of the reciprocating lead screw. A guide frame is provided on the top wall of the reciprocating slide to guide the passing yarn bundle to be evenly wrapped around the outer wall of the winding wheels. The rear ends of the reciprocating lead screw and the winding shaft are both fixedly installed with transmission pulleys through the stand via bearings. The transmission pulleys are connected by a synchronous belt. An optical shaft is installed on the inner wall of the stand at the bottom of the reciprocating lead screw. The outer wall of the optical shaft is slidably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the reciprocating slide.

[0017] Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly mechanism includes positioning plates fixedly installed on the front and rear walls of the extrusion end. Bolt rods are fixedly installed on the left side wall of the positioning plates. A positioning seat is installed on the outer wall of the screw extruder at the position corresponding to the bolt rod. A through-hole is opened on the outer wall of the positioning seat at the position corresponding to the bolt rod. A fastening bolt is screwed through the through-hole to tighten and fix the bolt rod and the extrusion end. A sealing ring is installed on the inner wall of the extrusion end at the position corresponding to the discharge port of the screw extruder to improve the connection sealing between the extrusion end and the screw extruder.

[0018] A continuous melt spinning and curing process for preparing polycarbosilane includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Based on the specifications of the target filament bundle, select a matching extrusion end and install it on the discharge end of the screw extruder through the disassembly and assembly mechanism. Embed the sealing ring at the end of the extrusion end into the sealing groove of the discharge end of the screw extruder to form a sealing surface. Then, through the cooperation of bolts, tie rods, positioning seats and fastening bolts, the extrusion end is axially tightened and locked.

[0020] S2. Start the external pumping equipment to evenly deliver the curing liquid into the curing tank through the delivery pipe, manifold pipe and water inlet pipe. The curing tank is divided into three independent temperature zones in sequence: medium temperature zone, low temperature zone and cooling zone by the partition. The temperature of the curing liquid is collected in real time by the thermometer in each temperature zone and fed back to the external controller. The controller independently adjusts the heating / cooling power of the corresponding temperature zone through the temperature control pipe.

[0021] S3. The spinning-grade polycarbosilane raw material and modified auxiliary materials are fed into the hopper of the screw extruder according to the ratio. The screw extruder is started and the raw material is sheared, mixed and heated to complete uniform melting and plasticization, forming a polycarbosilane melt with stable viscosity and uniform flow. It is continuously extruded through the spinneret of the extrusion end to form multiple parallel softened filaments and vertically fed into the curing liquid in the curing tank. The filaments are guided by the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel on the U-shaped frame to pass through the medium temperature zone, low temperature zone and cooling zone in sequence to complete the gradual curing from viscous flow to solid state and be discharged smoothly.

[0022] S4. The gradient-cured filaments enter the central channel of the annular curing tube through the opening on the side wall of the drying chamber. The fan is started to deliver clean cooling airflow evenly into the annular air cavity of the annular curing tube through the connecting pipe and the air supply pipe. The uniform air field with full circumference symmetry performs synchronous secondary cooling curing and surface drying on the filaments.

[0023] S5. The filament bundle, after secondary shaping, is guided to the gap between the lower and upper absorbent pads to absorb the trace amounts of water residue on the surface of the filament bundle. Then, the filament bundle passes through the arc-shaped scraper seat and the scraper blade to remove the surface burrs before being smoothly discharged, completing the entire drying and shaping process. During the operation of the winding mechanism, the upper absorbent pad moves towards the lower absorbent pad, achieving flexible relative compression between the two absorbent pads to squeeze out the water residue absorbed inside.

[0024] S6. The geared motor on the rear wall of the starter frame drives the winding shaft to rotate synchronously and uniformly with the winding wheel and the transmission pulley. The winding wheel continuously winds the solidified and shaped filament bundle under constant tension.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning curing preparation equipment and preparation process construct a three-level gradient cooling curing system by sequentially connecting the medium temperature zone, low temperature zone and cooling zone in the curing tank. Based on the phase change characteristics of polycarbosilane melt, a progressive curing path is designed and combined with independent closed-loop temperature control, which completely avoids the internal stress concentration caused by the instantaneous cooling of the melt stream. This allows the fiber bundle to achieve a smooth phase change from viscous flow state to solid state, greatly reducing the brittleness of the nascent polycarbosilane fiber. It effectively reduces the fuzz and fiber breakage phenomena in the subsequent bundling, transmission and winding processes. Combined with the annular curing tube with uniformly distributed air outlet micropores on the inner wall, the cooling airflow forms a uniform wind field that is symmetrical in the whole circumference. This eliminates the difference in cooling rate between the windward and leeward sides of the fiber bundle caused by unidirectional side blowing, and realizes synchronous cooling and curing at all positions in the circumference of the fiber bundle. This avoids the problem of non-circular cross-section and high proportion of irregular fiber caused by uneven circumferential curing.

[0027] (2) The continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment and preparation process of polycarbosilane. This device uses a quick-change locking structure composed of a positioning plate, bolt rod, positioning seat and fastening bolt, combined with the double sealing design of embedded sealing ring. On the one hand, it can quickly change the extrusion end of different specifications according to production needs to adapt to the production needs of filament bundles with different fineness and different number of holes. On the other hand, it can form a gapless surface sealing effect to isolate the outside air from penetrating into the melt flow channel, avoid the high temperature melt oxidation and cross-linking of polycarbosilane to generate gel particles, ensure the uniformity and fluidity of the extruded melt and eliminate the problem of spinneret blockage.

[0028] (3) The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment and preparation process achieves comprehensive adsorption of residual water stains on the surface of the filament through the lower and upper water-absorbing pads. At the same time, a cam-type self-squeezing drainage structure linked with the winding mechanism is designed. The cam is driven to rotate through the synchronous transmission during the winding process. With the help of the reset spring, the water-absorbing pad is automatically squeezed and drained and reset. This ensures that the water-absorbing pad is always in a stable adsorption state and avoids the problem of water stains remaining on the surface of the filament and winding and sticking after the water-absorbing pad is saturated. At the same time, the extrusion process adopts flexible contact and always maintains the gap for the filament to pass through, which will not cause mechanical damage to the low brittle polycarbosilane filament and ensures the stability of continuous production.

[0029] (4) The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment and preparation process: This device achieves precise matching between the winding action of the winding wheel and the winding action of the reciprocating screw through the synchronous transmission design of the geared motor. Through the synchronous reciprocating motion of the reciprocating slide and the guide frame, the filament bundle is guided to be evenly and flatly wound on the surface of the winding wheel, which solves the problems of filament stacking, loose bobbin, edge collapse and uneven tension that are easy to occur in traditional winding devices, and ensures the forming quality of the filament bobbin. At the same time, the filament tension throughout the process is matched with the screw extrusion speed and the curing filament speed, so that the filament bundle is always in a stable low tension state, avoiding the problem of uneven filament stretching and diameter variation caused by tension fluctuation, and greatly reducing the filament breakage rate in the subsequent curing and carbonization unwinding process.

[0030] (5) The continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment and process of polycarbosilane, by setting an adaptive circumferential scraping and deburring mechanism composed of adjusting spring, sliding seat, arc scraping seat, scraping blade angle and slag discharge chamfer, can automatically adapt to different diameter specifications of filament bundles and efficiently scrape off the protruding burrs, broken filaments and surface deposits on the entire circumference of the filament bundle without damaging the low brittle polycarbosilane precursor filament body. At the same time, the scraped burrs are directly introduced into the water collection frame to achieve wet sedimentation collection, which completely avoids the environmental pollution and safety hazards caused by dry burrs flying, and significantly improves the surface quality of the finished precursor filament and the environmental safety of the production process.

[0031] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the screw extruder and extrusion end assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the disassembly and assembly mechanism and the internal structure of the extrusion end of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the screw extruder, disassembly and assembly mechanism, and extrusion end of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the curing mechanism and guiding mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the curing mechanism and guiding mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the curing mechanism and guiding mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism for the filament bundle of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the drying component of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drying component of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the auxiliary mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the drying mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the winding mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the external mechanism of the winding mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the drying oven;

[0048] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the deburring mechanism;

[0049] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the deburring mechanism.

[0050] In the diagram, 1. Base; 2. Screw extruder; 3. Assembly / disassembly mechanism; 31. Positioning plate; 32. Bolt tie rod; 33. Positioning seat; 34. Through port; 35. Fastening bolt; 36. Sealing ring; 4. Extrusion end; 5. Curing assembly; 51. Curing mechanism; 511. Curing tank; 512. Medium temperature zone; 513. Low temperature zone; 514. Cooling zone; 515. Temperature control pipe; 516. Thermometer; 52. Guiding mechanism; 521. U-shaped frame; 522. Upper guide wheel; 523. Lower guide wheel; 524. Water inlet pipe; 525. Control valve; 526. Manifold pipe; 527. Conveying pipe; 6. Drying assembly; 61. Support frame; 62. Auxiliary mechanism; 621. Fan; 622. Connecting pipe; 623. Air supply pipe; 624. Annular curing pipe; 625. Outlet... Air vent; 626, Through-hole; 63, Drying mechanism; 631, Water collection frame; 632, Lower water suction pad; 633, Upper water suction pad; 634, Steering shaft; 635, Cam; 636, Pulley one; 637, Slide; 638, Limiting shaft; 639, Return spring; 6310, Limiting groove; 6311, Pulley two; 64, Drying box; 65, Deburring mechanism; 651, Through-hole 652. Groove; 653. Adjusting spring; 654. Sliding seat; 655. Arc-shaped scraper seat; 656. Slag discharge chamfer; 657. Scraping blade angle; 7. Rewinding mechanism; 71. Frame; 72. Gear motor; 73. Mounting shaft; 74. Reciprocating lead screw; 75. Transmission pulley; 76. Rewinding wheel; 77. Reciprocating slide table; 78. Shaft; 79. Guide frame; 710. Rewinding shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0053] Please see Figures 1-18This invention provides a technical solution: a continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment and process for polycarbosilane, comprising a base 1, a screw extruder 2 disposed on the left side of the top wall of the base 1 for continuously melting and extruding polycarbosilane, an extrusion end 4 being installed at the discharge end of the screw extruder 2 via a disassembly and assembly mechanism 3 to adapt to extruded wire bundles of various specifications, a curing component 5 disposed on the top of the base 1 for curing and shaping the extruded softened wire bundle, a drying component 6 disposed on the right side of the curing component 5 for secondary auxiliary curing and drying of the cured wire bundle, and a winding mechanism 7 disposed on the right side of the base 1 for winding the cured wire bundle;

[0054] The curing component 5 includes a curing mechanism 51 and a guiding mechanism 52. The curing mechanism 51 includes a curing tank 511 fixed on the top of the base 1. The curing tank 511 is provided with a medium temperature zone 512, a low temperature zone 513 and a cooling zone 514 in sequence to achieve zoned curing and graded temperature control of the extruded wire harness.

[0055] The drying assembly 6 includes a drying chamber 64, an auxiliary mechanism 62, a drying mechanism 63, and a deburring mechanism 65. The auxiliary mechanism 62 includes annular curing tubes 624 symmetrically fixed inside the drying chamber 64. Each annular curing tube 624 has an air outlet 625 on its inner wall for circumferential air-cooled auxiliary curing and drying of the filaments passing through the annular curing tube 624.

[0056] In this implementation scheme, the screw extruder 2, curing component 5, drying component 6 and winding mechanism 7 are integrated and coaxially installed through the base 1, which ensures that the filament bundle has a straight and unbent path from extrusion to winding, and avoids mechanical damage to the brittle filament bundle caused by path deviation.

[0057] A three-stage gradient cooling and curing system is formed in the curing tank 511, consisting of a medium-temperature zone 512, a low-temperature zone 513, and a cooling zone 514. This solves the core problem of stress concentration and increased brittleness caused by instantaneous cooling of the filament bundle in traditional processes. At the same time, the annular curing pipe 624 with air outlets 625 arranged circumferentially on the inner wall achieves 360° uniform air cooling of the filament bundle. This completely solves the industry pain points of uneven cooling between the windward and leeward sides of the filament and inconsistent circumferential curing caused by traditional side-blowing devices, resulting in irregular fiber cross-sections and large diameter variation coefficients. This enables continuous and stable production of polycarbonate silane filament bundles from melt extrusion to curing and winding.

[0058] Specifically, thermometers 516 are installed on the top wall of the curing tank 511 at positions corresponding to the medium temperature zone 512 and the low temperature zone 513. Temperature control tubes 515 are installed on the bottom walls of the medium temperature zone 512 and the low temperature zone 513 to control the temperature of the liquid inside the medium temperature zone 512 and the low temperature zone 513, and are electrically connected to the external control module.

[0059] In this implementation scheme, the medium-temperature zone 512, the low-temperature zone 513, and the cooling zone 514 are each independently equipped with a thermometer 516 and a temperature control tube 515. Each thermometer 516 can collect the temperature data of the curing liquid in the corresponding temperature zone in real time and feed the data back to the external control module in real time. The external control module independently adjusts the heating / cooling power of the temperature control tube 515 in the corresponding temperature zone according to the preset temperature threshold, so as to realize independent closed-loop control of the temperature of each temperature zone, ensuring that the temperature of the curing liquid in the medium-temperature zone 512, the low-temperature zone 513, and the cooling zone 514 decreases in a gradient, and ensuring that the filament bundle obtains a stable and progressive cooling and curing environment in each temperature zone.

[0060] Specifically, the guiding mechanism 52 includes several U-shaped frames 521 fixedly installed on the top of the curing tank 511. Several upper guide wheels 522 are rotatably installed on the inner wall of each U-shaped frame 521 via a connecting shaft. The upper guide wheels 522 are located in the intermediate transition area between the medium temperature zone 512, the low temperature zone 513, and the cooling zone 514. Several lower guide wheels 523 are rotatably installed on the bottom of the inner wall of each of the medium temperature zone 512, the low temperature zone 513, and the cooling zone 514 via a connecting shaft to guide the shaped filament bundle into the curing tank 511 for curing. Several water inlet pipes 524 are connected to the bottom wall of each of the medium temperature zone 512, the low temperature zone 513, and the cooling zone 514. Control valves 525 are installed on the outer wall of each water inlet pipe 524. A manifold 526 is connected to the bottom of each water inlet pipe 524. A conveying pipe 527 is connected to the bottom of the manifold 526 and is connected to an external pumping device to replenish the curing liquid in the curing tank 511 in real time.

[0061] In this embodiment, by staggering the upper guide wheel 522 and the lower guide wheel 523, the guide filament bundle passes through the medium temperature zone 512, the low temperature zone 513 and the cooling zone 514 in an “S” shaped path, ensuring that the immersion depth and residence time of the filament bundle are consistent in each temperature zone, and ensuring that the curing rate of each filament is uniform. At the same time, the support and limiting of the guide wheel by the U-shaped frame 521 can prevent the filament bundle from swaying or tangling during the wire feeding process, ensuring the stability of the filament bundle transmission.

[0062] The graded and diverted design of the delivery pipe 527, the manifold pipe 526, and the water inlet pipe 524 enables uniform replenishment of the curing liquid, avoiding temperature fluctuations in the temperature zone caused by the replenished liquid. With the independent control valve 525 set on each water inlet pipe 524, the flow rate of the curing liquid in each temperature zone can be independently adjusted according to production needs, ensuring the stability of the liquid level and concentration of the curing liquid in each temperature zone, and further ensuring the uniformity and consistency of the fiber curing process.

[0063] Specifically, the rear wall of the annular curing tube 624 is connected to the same air supply pipe 623, the bottom of the air supply pipe 623 is connected to the connecting pipe 622, a fan 621 is installed on the top of the base 1 at the position corresponding to the connecting pipe 622, the air outlet of the fan 621 is connected to the connecting pipe 622, the outer wall of the drying box 64 is evenly provided with openings 626 at the position corresponding to the annular curing tube 624, and a support frame 61 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the drying box 64, the outer end of the support frame 61 is fixedly connected to the bottom support of the curing tank 511;

[0064] In this embodiment, the cooling airflow output by the fan 621 is evenly distributed to the annular air cavity of each annular curing tube 624 through the connecting pipe 622 and the air supply pipe 623. Then, through the air outlet 625 evenly opened in the 360° circumference of the inner wall of the annular curing tube 624, it is blown vertically towards the filaments in the central channel of the annular curing tube 624 to form a uniform air field that is symmetrical in the circumference, so as to realize the synchronous cooling, curing and surface drying of the filaments at all positions in the circumference.

[0065] Meanwhile, the support frame 61 achieves a rigid connection between the drying chamber 64 and the curing tank 511, ensuring the coaxiality of the drying chamber 64 and the curing tank 511. This allows the filaments to pass straight through the opening 626 and enter the annular curing tube 624 after being discharged from the curing tank 511, thus preventing the filaments from bending or being damaged by friction due to equipment misalignment and further reducing the filament breakage rate.

[0066] Specifically, the drying mechanism 63 includes a water collection frame 631 that can be slidably and retractably installed inside the drying chamber 64. A lower water absorption pad 632 is provided inside the drying chamber 64. An upper water absorption pad 633 is provided inside the drying chamber 64 and at the position corresponding to the lower water absorption pad 632. Limiting grooves 6310 are provided on the front and rear parts of the inner wall of the drying chamber 64. Limiting shafts 638 are installed on the inner walls of the limiting grooves 6310. A sliding seat 637 that is fixed to the upper water absorption pad 633 is slidably installed on the outer wall of the limiting shaft 638. A return spring 639 is installed between the limiting grooves 6310 and the sliding seat 637 and sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting shaft 638.

[0067] In this embodiment, both the lower absorbent pad 632 and the upper absorbent pad 633 are made of composite sponge material with high water absorption and low friction coefficient, which absorbs the curing liquid and water stains remaining on the surface of the fiber bundle to avoid the subsequent winding and adhesion problems caused by water stains remaining on the surface of the fiber bundle.

[0068] The sliding engagement between the limiting shaft 638 and the slide block 637 provides precise vertical guidance for the up-and-down movement of the upper absorbent pad 633, preventing horizontal deviation during the downward pressing of the upper absorbent pad 633 and ensuring the uniformity of the squeeze drainage; at the same time, the reset spring 639 can drive the upper absorbent pad 633 to quickly reset after the squeezing pressure disappears, so that the flexible gap between the lower absorbent pad 632 and the upper absorbent pad 633 that is suitable for the passage of the filament bundle is restored, without affecting the continuous and stable transmission of the filament bundle;

[0069] The pull-out water collection frame 631 can collect dripping curing liquid and squeezed water stains in a unified manner, which is convenient for operators to clean and recycle regularly to avoid the accumulation of waste liquid and contamination of equipment. At the same time, it can realize the recycling of curing liquid and reduce production costs.

[0070] Specifically, a steering shaft 634 is rotatably installed inside the drying chamber 64. Cams 635 are fixedly installed on the front and rear parts of the outer wall of the steering shaft 634. When the steering shaft 634 drives the cams 635 to rotate, it will press down the upper water-absorbing pad 633 close to the lower water-absorbing pad 632 to squeeze out the water contained inside, so as to keep it dry and absorbent. The rear end of the steering shaft 634 passes through the drying chamber 64 through the bearing and is fixedly installed with a pulley 636. A second pulley 6311 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the winding mechanism 7. The outer walls of the second pulley 6311 and the first pulley 636 are connected by a synchronous belt to form a differential transmission.

[0071] In this implementation scheme, the synchronous belt drive of pulley 636 and pulley 6311 enables the linkage operation of steering shaft 634 and winding mechanism 7, eliminating the need for an additional independent drive source for the squeezing and drainage of the water-absorbing pad, which greatly simplifies the equipment structure and reduces equipment energy consumption and maintenance costs.

[0072] When the winding mechanism 7 is running, it synchronously drives the steering shaft 634 and cam 635 to rotate. Through the periodic downward action of cam 635, the upper absorbent pad 633 and the lower absorbent pad 632 are periodically and flexibly squeezed to drain water, ensuring that the absorbent pads are always in a stable water-absorbing state during long-cycle continuous production and preventing the absorbent pads from losing their adsorption capacity after saturation. At the same time, through the differential transmission design, the rotation frequency of cam 635 can be precisely adjusted according to the winding speed, ensuring that the squeezing and drainage frequency matches the yarn feed speed, which not only achieves continuous self-cleaning of the absorbent pads, but also prevents the continuous transmission of the yarn from being interfered with by frequent squeezing.

[0073] Specifically, the deburring mechanism 65 includes several through-holes 651 on the outer wall of the drying oven 64. The top and bottom of the inner walls of the through-holes 651 are provided with grooves 652. Adjusting springs 653 are provided on the opposite sides of the inner walls of the grooves 652. A sliding seat 654 is fixedly installed on the movable end of the adjusting spring 653. The outer wall of the sliding seat 654 is slidably connected along the inner wall of the corresponding groove 652. An arc-shaped scraper 655 is fixedly installed on the adjacent end of the sliding seat 654 for scraping the burrs on the surface of the wire harness. A slag discharge chamfer 656 is provided on the side of the inner wall of the arc-shaped scraper 655 near the water collection frame 631 to discharge the scraped burrs into the water collection frame 631 to contact the water and reduce the flying of the wire harness burrs. A scraping blade angle 657 is provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped scraper 655.

[0074] In this implementation scheme, the multi-channel independent adaptive circumferential scraping structure design can simultaneously adapt to the parallel continuous deburring production of multiple filament bundles, matching the large-scale preparation requirements of polycarbosilane fiber bundles. Each set of upper and lower arc-shaped scraper seats 655 in each through-hole 651 is equipped with an independent adjusting spring 653 and sliding seat 654, which can realize independent adaptive adjustment of the gap of a single filament bundle. The scraping blade angle 657 adopts an acute angle design and the blade edge is rounded and blunted, which can efficiently scrape off the protruding burrs, broken filaments and solidified deposits on the surface of the filament bundle without cutting into the fiber and causing single filament breakage. The adjusting spring 653 can automatically adjust the gap between the upper and lower arc-shaped scraper seats 655 according to the diameter of the filament bundle, which greatly improves the ease of operation and production efficiency of the equipment. The sliding seat 654 and the groove 652 adopt a clearance fit and can only move in a straight line perpendicular to the direction of filament bundle feeding, avoiding the arc-shaped scraper seat 655 from swaying and ensuring that the scraping force always acts perpendicularly on the surface of the filament bundle, improving the uniformity and stability of scraping.

[0075] The slag discharge chamfer 656 adopts a downward inclined design. The scraped burrs and waste wires will fall naturally along the inclined surface into the water collection frame 631 directly below under the guidance of the slag discharge chamfer 656, and will not accumulate on the scraper surface to cause secondary pollution. At the same time, it realizes the centralized collection and treatment of burrs and waste wires.

[0076] Specifically, the winding mechanism 7 includes a frame 71 fixedly mounted on the top of the base 1. A winding shaft 710 is rotatably mounted on the top of the inner wall of the frame 71. Several winding wheels 76 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the winding shaft 710. A geared motor 72 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the frame 71. The power shaft of the geared motor 72 passes through the frame 71 and is fixedly connected to the winding shaft 710 via a bearing. Mounting shafts 73 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the frame 71. Reciprocating lead screws 74 are fixedly mounted between the mounting shafts 73. A reciprocating slide 77 is provided on the outer wall of the rod 74. A guide frame 79 is provided on the top wall of the reciprocating slide 77 to guide the passing filament to be evenly wrapped around the outer wall of the take-up roller 76. The rear ends of the reciprocating screw 74 and the take-up shaft 710 are both fixedly installed with a transmission pulley 75 through the upright frame 71 via bearings. The transmission pulley 75 is connected by a synchronous belt. An optical shaft 78 is installed on the inner wall of the upright frame 71 at the bottom of the reciprocating screw 74. The outer wall of the optical shaft 78 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the reciprocating slide 77.

[0077] In this embodiment, the geared motor 72 adopts closed-loop servo control, which can precisely adjust the rotation speed of the take-up shaft 710 to ensure that the take-up linear speed of the take-up roller 76 matches the extrusion speed of the screw extruder 2 and the curing and feeding speed of the filament bundle. This ensures that the filament bundle is always in a stable low-tension state during the entire process of transmission, avoiding uneven stretching and diameter variation of the filament bundle caused by tension fluctuations, and further improving the dimensional uniformity of the fiber.

[0078] By cooperating with the reciprocating screw 74 and the reciprocating slide 77, the rotary motion is converted into reciprocating linear motion, which drives the guide frame 79 to move back and forth synchronously, guiding the filament bundle to be wound evenly and smoothly on the outer wall of the take-up wheel 76.

[0079] Through the transmission connection between the transmission pulley 75 and the synchronous belt, the synchronous rotation of the take-up shaft 710 and the reciprocating screw 74 is realized, ensuring that the take-up speed of the take-up wheel 76 matches the reciprocating winding speed of the reciprocating slide table 77. While taking one turn, the winding distance corresponds to the diameter of the filament bundle, thus achieving tight, uniform, and flat winding of the filament bundle.

[0080] The optical axis 78 provides auxiliary support and sliding guidance for the reciprocating slide 77, which can counteract the radial torque generated during the rotation of the reciprocating screw 74, prevent the reciprocating slide 77 from deflecting or jamming, and ensure the stability and accuracy of the reciprocating slide 77 in moving the guide frame 79.

[0081] Specifically, the disassembly and assembly mechanism 3 includes a positioning plate 31 fixedly installed on the front and rear walls of the extrusion end 4. A bolt tie rod 32 is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the positioning plate 31. A positioning seat 33 is installed on the outer wall of the screw extruder 2 at the position corresponding to the bolt tie rod 32. A through port 34 is opened on the outer wall of the positioning seat 33 at the position corresponding to the bolt tie rod 32. A fastening bolt 35 is screwed through the through port 34 to tighten and fix the bolt tie rod 32 and the extrusion end 4. A sealing ring 36 is installed on the inner wall of the extrusion end 4 at the position corresponding to the discharge port of the screw extruder 2 to improve the connection sealing between the extrusion end 4 and the screw extruder 2.

[0082] In this embodiment, the quick-change locking structure consisting of bolt rod 32, positioning seat 33, and fastening bolt 35 enables the rapid disassembly and replacement of the extrusion end 4, allowing for the replacement of extrusion end 4 with different spinneret orifice specifications to meet the production needs of filament bundles with different fineness and orifice counts.

[0083] A continuous melt spinning and curing process for preparing polycarbosilane includes the following steps:

[0084] S1. According to the specifications of the target filament bundle, select the matching extrusion end 4 and install it on the discharge end of the screw extruder 2 through the disassembly and assembly mechanism 3. Embed the sealing ring 36 at the end of the extrusion end 4 into the sealing groove of the discharge end of the screw extruder 2 to form a sealing surface. Then, through the cooperation of the bolt tie rod 32, the positioning seat 33 and the fastening bolt 35, the extrusion end 4 is axially tightened and locked.

[0085] S2. Start the external pumping equipment. The curing liquid is evenly fed into the curing tank 511 through the delivery pipe 527, the manifold pipe 526 and the water inlet pipe 524. The curing tank 511 is divided into three independent temperature zones in sequence: the medium temperature zone 512, the low temperature zone 513 and the cooling zone 514. The temperature of the curing liquid is collected in real time by the thermometer 516 in each temperature zone and fed back to the external controller. The controller independently adjusts the heating / cooling power of the corresponding temperature zone through the temperature control pipe 515.

[0086] S3. The spinning-grade polycarbosilane raw material and modified auxiliary materials are fed into the hopper of the screw extruder 2 according to the ratio. The screw extruder 2 is started and the raw material is sheared, mixed and heated to complete uniform melting and plasticization, forming a polycarbosilane melt with stable viscosity and uniform flow. It is continuously extruded through the spinneret of the extrusion end 4 to form multiple parallel softened filaments and vertically fed into the curing liquid in the curing tank 511. The filaments are guided by the upper guide wheel 522 and the lower guide wheel 523 on the U-shaped frame 521 and pass through the medium temperature zone 512, the low temperature zone 513 and the cooling zone 514 to complete the gradual curing from viscous flow to solid and then discharged smoothly.

[0087] S4. The gradient-cured filaments enter the central channel of the annular curing tube 624 through the opening 626 on the side wall of the drying chamber 64. The fan 621 starts and the clean cooling airflow is evenly sent into the annular air cavity of the annular curing tube 624 through the connecting pipe 622 and the air supply pipe 623. The uniform air field with full circumference symmetry performs synchronous secondary cooling curing and surface drying on the filaments.

[0088] S5. The filament bundle, after secondary shaping, is guided to the gap between the lower absorbent pad 632 and the upper absorbent pad 633 to absorb the trace amounts of water stains remaining on the surface of the filament bundle. Then, the filament bundle passes through the through-hole 651 on the other side of the drying oven 64, through the arc-shaped scraper seat 655 and the scraper blade 657, and after scraping off the burrs on the surface, it is smoothly discharged to complete the entire drying and shaping process. During the operation of the winding mechanism 7, the upper absorbent pad 633 is driven to move towards the lower absorbent pad 632, so that the two absorbent pads are flexibly squeezed relative to each other to squeeze out the water stains absorbed inside.

[0089] S6. The geared motor 72 on the rear wall of the start stand 71 drives the take-up shaft 710 to drive the take-up wheel 76 and the transmission pulley 75 to rotate synchronously and at a uniform speed. The take-up wheel 76 continuously winds the solidified and shaped filament bundle under constant tension.

[0090] This device is mainly used for the continuous production of polycarbosilane materials, including melt extrusion into filaments, gradient cooling and solidification, circumferential uniform shaping, and continuous drying and winding. It addresses the core defects of existing technologies, such as uneven cooling due to unidirectional side blowing, high brittleness due to rapid cooling of the filament bundle, irregular cross-sectional shape, and high filament breakage rate, through targeted structural innovation. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0091] Quick-change extrusion end 4 installation and sealing positioning: Before production, select the matching extrusion end 4 according to the target filament specifications and install it on the discharge end of the screw extruder 2 so that the spinneret hole of the extrusion end 4 is precisely coaxial with the flow channel of the screw extruder 2, which is suitable for the extrusion production of filaments with different fineness and different number of holes.

[0092] The specific installation process is as follows: The movable extrusion end 4 drives the positioning plate 31 and bolt rod 32 at its end to pass through the through port 34 on the positioning seat 33, so that the sealing ring 36 at the end of the extrusion end 4 is embedded in the sealing groove at the discharge end of the screw extruder 2, forming a radial and axial double sealing surface. At the same time, the installation end face of the extrusion end 4 and the discharge end face of the screw extruder 2 are tightly fitted to complete the initial installation and positioning. Then, the fastening bolt 35 is screwed onto the outer end of the bolt rod 32 and gradually tightened and locked, so that the bolt rod 32 generates an axial tension that links the positioning seat 33 to form a reverse support force, forming a continuous and stable pulling and locking posture for the extrusion end 4, completing the gapless installation and fixing of the extrusion end 4.

[0093] The embedded surface seal design of the quick-change locking structure sealing ring 36 with a pull rod can prevent external air from seeping into the flow channel of the screw extruder 2, avoiding the oxidation and cross-linking of the high-temperature polycarbonyl silane melt upon contact with oxygen, thus preventing the formation of gel particles and ensuring the uniformity and flowability of the extruded melt. At the same time, the locking structure can ensure the coaxiality of the extrusion end 4 and the screw extruder 2, preventing swaying during filament extrusion and ensuring that the initial extrusion state of all monofilaments is consistent, laying the foundation for the uniformity of subsequent cooling and solidification.

[0094] Gradient temperature zone pre-adjustment and closed-loop temperature control of curing tank 511: After the extrusion end 4 is installed, the control valve 525 is opened, and the external pumping equipment is started to pump the curing liquid to the curing liquid supply system through the delivery pipe 527. The curing liquid is evenly delivered into the curing tank 511 after passing through the manifold 526 and the water inlet pipe 524. The curing tank 511 is divided into three independent temperature zones in sequence by the partition: the medium temperature zone 512, the low temperature zone 513, and the cooling zone 514. Each temperature zone is independently equipped with a temperature control tube 515 and a thermometer 516. The thermometer 516 collects the temperature data of the curing liquid in the corresponding temperature zone in real time and feeds it back to the external controller in real time. The controller accurately adjusts the heating / cooling power of the corresponding temperature control tube 515 through the external temperature control module, so that the temperature of the curing liquid in the medium temperature zone 512, the low temperature zone 513, and the cooling zone 514 decreases in sequence and is accurately and stably maintained within the preset temperature range.

[0095] Based on the gradual phase transition characteristics of polycarbosilane melt from viscous flow state to elastic state to glassy state, a three-level gradient cooling curing system is designed. By using independent closed-loop temperature control to ensure low temperature fluctuations in each temperature zone, a gradual curing environment is provided for the filament bundle, which completely avoids the concentration of residual stress inside the fiber caused by sudden cooling and reduces the brittleness of the nascent filament bundle from the source.

[0096] Melt extrusion and gradient cooling curing: The spinning-grade polycarbosilane raw material and modified auxiliary materials are fed into the hopper of the screw extruder 2 according to the ratio. The screw extruder 2 is started and the raw material is uniformly melted and plasticized under the shearing, mixing and heating action of the screw to form a polycarbosilane melt with stable viscosity and uniform flow. The melt is conveyed to the discharge end by the screw and continuously extruded through the spinneret of the extrusion end 4 to form multiple parallel polycarbosilane softened filaments. The filaments enter the curing liquid in the curing tank 511 vertically.

[0097] Subsequently, the filament bundle is guided through the medium-temperature zone 512, the low-temperature zone 513, and the cooling zone 514 in sequence according to the preset path. The filament bundle completes the gradual solidification transformation from a viscous flow state to a solid state in the gradually decreasing temperature environment. When the filament bundle crosses each temperature zone, it passes through the lower guide wheel 523 and the upper guide wheel 522 on the U-shaped frame 521 in sequence. Through the limiting guidance of the lower guide wheel 523 and the upper guide wheel 522, it is ensured that the immersion depth of the filament bundle is consistent and the filament path is the same in each temperature zone. This ensures that the solidification residence time and cooling rate of each single filament are consistent. Finally, the filament bundle, which has been solidified and shaped by the upper guide wheel 522, is smoothly discharged from the solidification tank 511.

[0098] By using graded and progressive cooling and solidification, the problems of excessive circumferential temperature gradient and uneven internal stress distribution of filaments caused by instantaneous cooling of melt streams are solved. This eliminates residual stress inside the fiber, significantly reduces the brittleness of the nascent filament bundle, and reduces fuzz and breakage problems during subsequent transport. At the same time, gradient solidification causes uniform shrinkage of the filament bundle cross-section, avoiding cross-sectional irregularities caused by sudden cooling. This effectively reduces the fiber diameter variation coefficient and provides a structurally uniform basis for subsequent circumferential secondary shaping.

[0099] Circumferential uniform airflow secondary curing and surface drying: After gradient curing, the filament bundle enters the central channel of the annular curing tube 624 inside the drying chamber 64 through the opening 626 on the side wall of the drying chamber 64. The fan 621 is started to deliver clean cooling airflow through the connecting pipe 622 to the air supply pipe 623, and then the air supply pipe 623 evenly delivers it into the annular air cavity of the annular curing tube 624. The inner wall of the annular curing tube 624 is evenly opened with air outlet micro-holes along the 360° circumference. The cooling airflow passes through the air outlet micro-holes evenly distributed in the circumference and blows vertically towards the filament bundle in the central channel to form a circumferential symmetrical uniform airflow without dead angles, which performs circumferential uniform secondary cooling, curing and shaping of the filament bundle. Finally, the airflow is evenly discharged from the air outlet 625 at the end of the annular curing tube 624. The circumferential uniform airflow can also dry the curing liquid that may be attached to the surface of the filament bundle in a 360° uniform manner. The dripping curing liquid flows into the water collection frame 631 at the bottom of the drying chamber 64 for unified collection.

[0100] The 360° circumferential air outlet structure of the annular curing tube 624 completely eliminates the difference in cooling rate in the circumferential direction of the fiber bundle, making the cooling and curing process of each position in the circumferential direction of the fiber bundle synchronous. This solves the problem of non-circular cross-section and large diameter variation coefficient caused by uneven circumferential curing of the fiber, and greatly improves the roundness of the fiber cross-section.

[0101] Linked water absorption and drying and self-cleaning drainage: After the circumferential secondary shaping, the filament bundle continues to be guided into the gap between the lower water absorption pad 632 and the upper water absorption pad 633. Through the water absorption pads made of two layers of highly absorbent composite sponge material, the trace water stains remaining on the surface of the filament bundle are fully absorbed. Then the filament bundle is smoothly discharged from the opening 626 on the other side of the drying box 64 to complete the entire drying and shaping process.

[0102] Rewinding linkage self-squeezing drainage: When the winding mechanism 7 is running, the mounting shaft 73 rotates synchronously, driving the second pulley 6311 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the first pulley 636 to rotate at a different speed via a synchronous belt drive. At the same time, the first pulley 636 synchronously drives the steering shaft 634 to rotate, and the cam 635 rotates with the shaft. When the protruding end of the cam 635 rotates to the lower stop point, it presses down on the mounting seat of the upper water-absorbing pad 633, driving the upper water-absorbing pad 633 to move towards the lower water-absorbing pad 632. This achieves flexible relative squeezing of the two water-absorbing pads to squeeze out the water stains adsorbed inside (since the upper water-absorbing pad 633 and the lower water-absorbing pad 632 are made of water-absorbing sponge material, there is a flexible space between them when they squeeze each other, which does not affect the normal passage of the yarn bundle). The squeezed water stains naturally fall into the water collection frame 631 below for unified collection.

[0103] As the upper absorbent pad 633 is pressed down, it drives the slides 637 at both ends to descend vertically along the outer wall of the limiting shaft 638 in the limiting groove 6310, simultaneously stretching the return spring 639. When the protruding end of the cam 635 rotates away from the lower stop point, the elastic restoring force of the return spring 639 pulls the slide 637 upward along the limiting shaft 638 to reset, causing the upper absorbent pad 633 and the lower absorbent pad 632 to separate and restore the flexible gap that adapts to the passage of the filament bundle without affecting the normal continuous transmission of the filament bundle.

[0104] It achieves fully automatic water absorption and drainage cycle operation, ensuring the continuous adsorption capacity of the absorbent pad without manual intervention. It avoids the subsequent winding and adhesion problems caused by the inability to remove water stains from the surface of the filament after the absorbent pad is saturated. At the same time, the extrusion process adopts flexible contact, and a gap is always maintained between the upper and lower absorbent pads to accommodate the passage of the filament. This will not cause extrusion damage to the low brittle polycarbosilane filament, and will eliminate the generation of fuzzy filaments and broken filaments, making it suitable for long-cycle continuous production.

[0105] After drying and shaping, the filament bundles pass through the through-hole 651 on the right side wall of the drying chamber 64 and enter the circumferential scraping working area of ​​the deburring mechanism 65. When filament bundles of different diameters pass through the gap between the upper and lower arc-shaped scraper seats 655, the radial pressure of the filament bundles will push the upper and lower sliding seats 654 to slide along the inner wall of the corresponding groove 652 and simultaneously compress the adjusting spring 653. The elastic restoring force generated by the adjusting spring 653 will push the sliding seat 654 and the arc-shaped scraper seat 655 to move towards the center of the filament bundle, so that the inner wall of the two arc-shaped scraper seats 655 always fits tightly against the outer circumferential surface of the filament bundle, forming a 360° full circumferential adaptive wrapping state without the need to manually adjust the gap according to the diameter of the filament bundle.

[0106] When the filament bundle passes through the inner wall of the arc-shaped scraper seat 655 at a uniform speed under the traction of the winding tension, the sharp scraping blade angle 657 at the filament feed end of the arc-shaped scraper seat 655 will scrape off the protruding burrs, broken filaments and surface deposits on the entire circumference of the filament bundle with uniform pressure. The scraped burrs and waste filaments fall naturally into the water collection frame 631 at the bottom of the drying box 64 under the guidance of the slag discharge chamfer 656. The liquid in the water collection frame 631 can wet and settle the fine burrs and lint, completely avoiding the environmental pollution caused by the flying dry burrs.

[0107] After the burr removal process, the filament bundle passes through the guide frame 79 and is connected and fixed to the corresponding take-up wheel 76. The geared motor 72 on the rear wall of the upright frame 71 drives the take-up shaft 710 to drive the take-up wheel 76 and the transmission pulley 75 to rotate synchronously and uniformly, so as to continuously wind the clean and burr-free polycarbosilane precursor fiber under constant tension.

[0108] With the above-mentioned deburring mechanism 65 that integrates adaptive circumferential scraping and wet slag collection, various surface burrs generated during the entire process of fiber production can be efficiently removed without damaging the low-brittle polycarbonate silane precursor fiber. At the same time, real-time closed collection and settling of burrs can be achieved, which significantly improves the surface quality of the finished precursor fiber and the environmental safety of the production process.

[0109] At the same time, the transmission pulley 75 drives another set of transmission pulleys 75, mounting shaft 73 and reciprocating screw 74 to rotate synchronously through synchronous belt transmission. While the reciprocating screw 74 rotates stably, it drives the reciprocating slide 77 screwed to it to make reciprocating linear movement along the outer wall of the reciprocating screw 74 and the optical shaft 78, which is precisely matched with the winding speed. Then, the reciprocating slide 77 drives the guide frame 79 to move back and forth synchronously. The guide frame 79 guides the formed filament bundle to be evenly and flatly wrapped around the outer wall of the winding wheel 76.

[0110] The synchronous transmission structure of winding and laying achieves matching between winding speed and laying speed, ensuring that the filament bundle is evenly and flatly wound on the surface of the winding wheel 76, avoiding problems such as filament stacking, loosening of the spool, and edge collapse, thus ensuring the forming quality of the filament spool and significantly reducing the filament breakage rate during subsequent unwinding processes. At the same time, the filament tension throughout the process is controlled in a closed loop by the geared motor 72 and matched with the screw extrusion speed and curing filament feed speed at the front end, ensuring that the filament bundle is always in a stable low tension state throughout the process, avoiding uneven filament stretching and diameter variation caused by tension fluctuations, and further improving the fiber dimensional uniformity and batch stability.

[0111] In summary, this device, through its integrated design of "quick-change precision extrusion - three-stage gradient curing - circumferential uniform airflow secondary shaping - linked drying - synchronous winding and winding," forms a complete continuous melt spinning and curing preparation system for polycarbosilane. The 624 structure of the annular curing tube with 360° circumferential airflow eliminates circumferential cooling differences in the fiber bundle, achieving uniform curing and shaping. The three-stage gradient cooling curing system enables progressive phase change curing of the fiber bundle, fundamentally eliminating residual stress within the fiber and reducing fiber brittleness. Through the synergistic effect of gradient curing and circumferential uniform shaping, it simultaneously solves the problems of irregular cross-sections and high brittleness in nascent polycarbosilane fibers. This enables long-term, continuous, and stable production of large-bundle polycarbosilane fibers, significantly improving fiber dimensional uniformity, mechanical property stability, and production yield, providing high-quality precursor fibers for the subsequent preparation of high-performance silicon carbide fibers.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0113] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A continuous melt spinning and curing preparation device for polycarbosilane, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A screw extruder (2) is provided on the left side of the top wall of the base (1) for continuous melting and extrusion of polycarbosilane. The discharge end of the screw extruder (2) is equipped with an extrusion end (4) through a disassembly and assembly mechanism (3) to adapt to various specifications of extruded wire bundles. A curing component (5) is provided on the top of the base (1) for curing and shaping the extruded softened wire bundle. A drying component (6) is provided on the right side of the curing component (5) for secondary auxiliary curing and drying of the cured wire bundle. A winding mechanism (7) is provided on the right side of the base (1) for winding the cured wire bundle. The curing component (5) includes a curing mechanism (51) and a guiding mechanism (52). The curing mechanism (51) includes a curing tank (511) fixed on the top of the base (1). The curing tank (511) is provided with a medium temperature zone (512), a low temperature zone (513) and a cooling zone (514) in sequence to achieve zoned curing and graded temperature control of the extruded wire harness. The drying assembly (6) includes a drying chamber (64), an auxiliary mechanism (62), a drying mechanism (63), and a deburring mechanism (65). The auxiliary mechanism (62) includes annular curing tubes (624) symmetrically fixed inside the drying chamber (64). The inner wall of the annular curing tubes (624) is provided with air outlets (625) for circumferential air-cooled auxiliary curing and drying of the filaments passing through the annular curing tubes (624).

2. The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermometer (516) is installed on the top wall of the curing tank (511) at the position corresponding to the medium temperature zone (512) and the low temperature zone (513). The temperature control tube (515) is installed on the bottom wall of the medium temperature zone (512) and the low temperature zone (513) to control the temperature of the liquid inside the medium temperature zone (512) and the low temperature zone (513), and is electrically connected to the external control module.

3. The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding mechanism (52) includes several U-shaped frames (521) fixedly installed on the top of the curing tank (511). Several upper guide wheels (522) are rotatably mounted on the inner walls of each U-shaped frame (521) via connecting shafts. The upper guide wheels (522) are located in the intermediate transition area between the medium-temperature zone (512), the low-temperature zone (513), and the cooling zone (514). Several lower guide wheels (522) are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the inner walls of the medium-temperature zone (512), the low-temperature zone (513), and the cooling zone (514) via connecting shafts. 523) The filament bundles used to guide the molding are immersed in the curing tank (511) for curing and molding. The bottom walls of the medium temperature zone (512), low temperature zone (513) and cooling zone (514) are all connected to several water inlet pipes (524). The outer walls of the water inlet pipes (524) are all equipped with control valves (525). The bottom ends of the water inlet pipes (524) are all connected to manifolds (526). The bottom of the manifolds (526) is connected to a conveying pipe (527) and connected to an external pumping device to replenish the curing liquid in the curing tank (511) in real time.

4. The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear wall of each annular curing tube (624) is connected to the same air supply pipe (623), and the bottom of the air supply pipe (623) is connected to a connecting pipe (622). A fan (621) is installed on the top of the base (1) at the position corresponding to the connecting pipe (622). The air outlet of the fan (621) is connected to the connecting pipe (622). The outer wall of the drying box (64) is evenly provided with openings (626) at the position corresponding to the annular curing tube (624). A support frame (61) is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the drying box (64). The outer end of the support frame (61) is fixedly connected to the bottom support of the curing tank (511).

5. The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying mechanism (63) includes a water collection frame (631) that can be slidably and retractably installed inside the drying box (64). A lower water absorption pad (632) is provided inside the drying box (64). An upper water absorption pad (633) is provided inside the drying box (64) at a position corresponding to the lower water absorption pad (632). Limiting grooves (6310) are provided on the front and rear parts of the inner wall of the drying box (64). Limiting shafts (638) are installed on the inner walls of the limiting grooves (6310). A sliding seat (637) that is fixed to the upper water absorption pad (633) is slidably installed on the outer wall of the limiting shaft (638). A return spring (639) is installed between the limiting grooves (6310) and the sliding seat (637) and sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting shaft (638).

6. The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying chamber (64) is equipped with a rotating steering shaft (634). Cams (635) are fixedly installed on the front and rear parts of the outer wall of the steering shaft (634). When the steering shaft (634) drives the cams (635) to rotate, they will press down on the upper absorbent pad (633) and approach the lower absorbent pad (632) to squeeze out the water contained inside, so as to keep it dry and absorbent. The rear end of the steering shaft (634) is fixedly installed with a pulley (636) through the drying chamber (64) via a bearing. The outer wall of the winding mechanism (7) is fixedly installed with a pulley (6311). The outer walls of the pulley (6311) and the pulley (636) are connected by a synchronous belt to form a differential transmission.

7. The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deburring mechanism (65) includes several through-holes (651) on the outer wall of the drying oven (64). Grooves (652) are provided at the top and bottom of the inner walls of the multiple through-holes (651). Adjusting springs (653) are provided on the opposite sides of the inner walls of the grooves (652). A sliding seat (654) is fixedly mounted on the movable end of each adjusting spring (653). The outer wall of the sliding seat (654) extends along the corresponding groove (652). The inner wall is slidably connected, and an arc-shaped scraper (655) is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding seat (654) to scrape off the burrs on the surface of the wire harness. The inner wall of the arc-shaped scraper (655) is provided with a slag discharge chamfer (656) on the side near the water collection frame (631) to discharge the scraped burrs into the water collection frame (631) to contact the water and reduce the flying of wire harness burrs. The inner wall of the arc-shaped scraper (655) is provided with a scraping blade (657).

8. The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding mechanism (7) includes a frame (71) fixedly installed on the top of the base (1). A winding shaft (710) is rotatably installed on the top of the inner wall of the frame (71). Several winding wheels (76) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the winding shaft (710). A geared motor (72) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the frame (71). The power shaft of the geared motor (72) passes through the frame (71) and is fixedly connected to the winding shaft (710) via a bearing. Mounting shafts (73) are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the frame (71). Reciprocating screws (74) are fixedly installed between the mounting shafts (73). The outer wall of the multi-screw (74) is provided with a reciprocating slide (77), and the top wall of the reciprocating slide (77) is provided with a guide frame (79) for guiding the passing filament to be evenly wrapped around the outer wall of the take-up wheel (76). The rear ends of the reciprocating screw (74) and the take-up shaft (710) are both fixedly installed with a transmission pulley (75) through the bearing through the upright frame (71). The transmission pulley (75) is connected by a synchronous belt. The inner wall of the upright frame (71) and the position located at the bottom of the reciprocating screw (74) are both equipped with an optical shaft (78). The outer wall of the optical shaft (78) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the reciprocating slide (77).

9. The polycarbosilane continuous melt spinning and curing preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly and assembly mechanism (3) includes a positioning plate (31) fixedly installed on the front and rear walls of the extrusion end (4). A bolt tie rod (32) is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the positioning plate (31). A positioning seat (33) is installed on the outer wall of the screw extruder (2) at the position corresponding to the bolt tie rod (32). A through port (34) is opened on the outer wall of the positioning seat (33) at the position corresponding to the bolt tie rod (32). A fastening bolt (35) is screwed through the through port (34) at the outer end of the bolt tie rod (32) to achieve the tightening and fixing of the bolt tie rod (32) and the extrusion end (4). A sealing ring (36) is installed on the inner wall of the extrusion end (4) at the position corresponding to the discharge port of the screw extruder (2) to improve the connection sealing between the extrusion end (4) and the screw extruder (2).

10. A continuous melt spinning and curing process for preparing polycarbosilane, and a continuous melt spinning and curing equipment for preparing polycarbosilane according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps; S1. According to the specifications of the target filament bundle, select a matching extrusion end (4), install it on the discharge end of the screw extruder (2) through the disassembly and assembly mechanism (3), embed the sealing ring (36) at the end of the extrusion end (4) into the sealing groove of the discharge end of the screw extruder (2) to form a sealing surface, and then through the cooperation of the bolt tie rod (32), the positioning seat (33) and the fastening bolt (35), the extrusion end (4) is axially tightened and locked. S2. Start the external pumping equipment and send the curing liquid evenly into the curing tank (511) through the delivery pipe (527), the manifold pipe (526) and the water inlet pipe (524). The curing tank (511) is divided into three independent temperature zones in sequence: the medium temperature zone (512), the low temperature zone (513) and the cooling zone (514) by the partition. The temperature of the curing liquid is collected in real time by the thermometer (516) in each temperature zone and fed back to the external controller. The controller independently adjusts the heating / cooling power of the corresponding temperature zone through the temperature control pipe (515). S3. The spinning-grade polycarbosilane raw material and modified auxiliary materials are fed into the hopper of the screw extruder (2) according to the ratio. The screw extruder (2) is started. The raw material is sheared, mixed and heated to complete uniform melting and plasticization, forming a polycarbosilane melt with stable viscosity and uniform flow. It is continuously extruded through the spinneret of the extrusion end (4) to form multiple parallel softened filaments and vertically fed into the curing liquid of the curing tank (511). The filaments are guided by the upper guide wheel (522) and the lower guide wheel (523) on the U-shaped frame (521) and pass through the medium temperature zone (512), the low temperature zone (513) and the cooling zone (514) to complete the gradual curing from viscous flow to solid and discharge smoothly. S4. The gradient-cured filaments enter the central channel of the annular curing tube (624) through the opening (626) on the side wall of the drying chamber (64). The fan (621) starts and the clean cooling airflow is evenly sent into the annular air cavity of the annular curing tube (624) through the connecting pipe (622) and the air supply pipe (623). The uniform air field with full circumference symmetry performs synchronous secondary cooling curing and surface drying on the filaments. S5. The filament bundle that has been shaped twice is guided to the gap between the lower absorbent pad (632) and the upper absorbent pad (633) to absorb the trace amount of water stains remaining on the surface of the filament bundle. Then the filament bundle passes through the through-hole (651) on the other side of the drying box (64), through the arc-shaped scraper (655), the scraper blade (657), and after scraping off the burrs on the surface, it is smoothly discharged to complete the drying and shaping process. During the operation of the winding mechanism (7), the upper absorbent pad (633) is driven to move towards the lower absorbent pad (632) to achieve flexible relative compression of the two absorbent pads to squeeze out the water stains adsorbed inside. S6. The geared motor (72) on the rear wall of the start stand (71) drives the take-up shaft (710) to drive the take-up wheel (76) and the transmission pulley (75) to rotate synchronously and at a uniform speed. The take-up wheel (76) continuously winds the solidified and shaped filament bundle under constant tension.

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