An integrated geographic mapping device and method

Abstract

The application provides an integrated geographic surveying and mapping device and a surveying and mapping method, and relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping instruments.The application comprises a fixed seat, which is a U-shaped structure, a surveying and mapping instrument is rotatably installed inside the fixed seat, an extension arm is rotatably installed at the bottom of the fixed seat, an insertion part is installed at the port of the extension arm, a plug is arranged inside the insertion part, a spring is arranged inside the insertion part, the spring can provide an elastic force to shoot the plug into the ground to fix the extension arm, and the plug is quickly nailed into the soil ground by the spring drive of the insertion part, the sliding groove limiting of the limiting cylinder and the guide cylinder is matched, the plug fixing is ensured to be reliable, for the rock ground, the loading part is fixed in advance by the expansion bolt, the engagement transmission of the positioning ball and the steering ball can adjust the angle of the cylinder, and the different rock surface inclination states are adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surveying instrument technology, and in particular to an integrated geographic surveying device and surveying method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of geographic surveying, total stations, as core equipment for accurately collecting geographic information such as topography and landforms, often require a fixed device for stable operation. Existing integrated geographic surveying devices typically include core components such as a mounting base, surveying instrument, outriggers, and telescopic boom. The mounting base is mostly a load-bearing structure, internally rotating to mount the total station to adjust the measurement angle. The outriggers work together with the telescopic boom to adjust the height of the device and provide ground support. The position of the telescopic boom is fixed by tightening the screws on the outriggers, ensuring the overall stability of the device. These devices are widely used in various scenarios such as cities, suburbs, and mountains, and need to be adaptable to different types of ground environments such as soil and rock.

[0003] Traditional fixing methods often rely on manually inserting pins or pressing them with heavy objects. When fixing with pins, there is a lack of effective elastic drive and limiting structure. Not only is the insertion efficiency low, but the pins are also prone to loosening or shifting due to soft ground or external impact. This makes it impossible to provide a stable support benchmark for the device, which in turn affects the accuracy of the survey data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an integrated geographic mapping device and mapping method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an integrated geographic mapping device, comprising a U-shaped fixed base, wherein a surveying instrument, a total station, is rotatably mounted in the inner chamber of the fixed base in the horizontal direction for accurate geographic information mapping; a leveling rod is provided on the outer wall or upper surface of the fixed base, the measuring reference of the leveling rod being parallel to the measuring reference of the surveying instrument, and the fixed base being able to determine whether it is on a horizontal level by observing the leveling rod; at least three legs are evenly arranged circumferentially at the bottom of the fixed base, the upper end of each leg being rotatably connected to the fixed base, and a sliding cavity is formed at the lower end of the leg along its length, wherein a telescopic arm is slidably assembled in the sliding cavity along the length of the leg; a screw is threaded radially through the lower side wall of the leg, the inner end of the screw abutting against the outer wall of the telescopic arm to achieve relative fixation between the telescopic arm and the leg; An insertion part is coaxially fixedly installed on the lower end face of the telescopic arm. A pin is slidably assembled inside the insertion part in the vertical direction. A spring is also provided inside the insertion part. The spring is in a compressed state and continuously applies a downward elastic force to the pin, which can drive the pin to shoot downward and drive into the ground, thereby fixing the telescopic arm to the ground.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom end face of the fixing base extends vertically downward with at least three fixing arms, each fixing arm corresponding to a support leg, and the side wall of the fixing arm is provided with a shaft hole through it in the horizontal direction. A rotating shaft is fixedly inserted into the shaft hole. The axis of the rotating shaft is set in the horizontal direction. The upper end of the support leg is provided with a through hole that matches the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft passes through the through hole, so that the support leg can rotate up and down around the axis of the rotating shaft. By adjusting the opening angle of each support leg, the fixed seat can be stably supported on the ground.

[0007] Preferably, the insertion part includes a cylindrical sleeve, the upper end face of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the telescopic arm, and the axis of the sleeve coincides with the axis of the telescopic arm; the pin is slidably assembled inside the sleeve in the vertical direction, and the lower end of the pin has a sharp structure that can penetrate the ground soil. The spring is vertically positioned inside the sleeve, with its upper end abutting against the inner wall of the top of the sleeve and its lower end abutting against the upper end face of the insert.

[0008] Preferably, a limiting cylinder and a guide cylinder are sequentially fixed inside the sleeve along the vertical direction, with the limiting cylinder located above the guide cylinder. The two are coaxially arranged and have a gap between them. The inner wall of the limiting cylinder has at least one vertical sliding groove along its circumference, and the inner wall of the guide cylinder has at least one vertical sliding groove along its circumference. The sliding grooves of the limiting cylinder and the guide cylinder are staggered in the circumferential direction and are not collinear. A slider is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral wall of the upper end of the pin along the radial direction. The number of sliders is adapted to the number of sliding grooves and can slide up and down along the corresponding sliding grooves. Under normal conditions, the slider is engaged with the upper end face of the guide cylinder, so that the pin is limited. At this time, the spring is in a compressed and stored energy state. When it is necessary to drive the pin into the ground, rotate the pin around its axis, causing the slider to rotate circumferentially until it is aligned vertically with the sliding groove of the guide cylinder. The spring releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the pin downwards, causing the slider to slide downwards along the sliding groove of the guide cylinder, thereby driving the pin to quickly rush out of the sleeve and drive it into the ground.

[0009] Preferably, when it is necessary to store the pin, push the pin upward while rotating it around its axis, so that the slider aligns with the sliding groove of the limiting cylinder and slides upward along the groove until the sharp end of the pin is completely retracted into the sleeve. Continue rotating the pin to cause the slider to shift circumferentially to below the lower end face of the limiting cylinder. The slider then abuts against the lower end face of the limiting cylinder, thus limiting the pin's placement and preventing damage to the pin tip from impact.

[0010] Preferably, a driving part is provided inside the sleeve above the limiting cylinder. This driving part is rotatably assembled inside the sleeve in the vertical direction. The driving part includes a first hexagonal prism, a rectangular prism, and a second hexagonal prism. The first hexagonal prism is rotatably assembled at the top of the sleeve in the vertical direction. The upper end of the rectangular prism is coaxially and fixedly connected to the lower end face of the first hexagonal prism. The second hexagonal prism is slidably sleeved on the lower outer periphery of the rectangular prism in the vertical direction. A spring is provided between the rectangular prism and the second hexagonal prism. The spring extends and retracts in the vertical direction, which can drive the second hexagonal prism to extend downward. The upper end face of the pin has a hexagonal groove adapted to the second hexagonal prism. The second hexagonal prism extends downward under the action of the spring and is inserted into the hexagonal groove, realizing the transmission connection between the driving part and the pin. By rotating the first hexagonal prism, the rectangular prism and the second hexagonal prism can be driven to rotate synchronously in sequence, thereby driving the pin to rotate around its own axis, so that the slider aligns with the sliding groove of the guide cylinder. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the guide cylinder. The limiting ring is arranged along the circumference of the guide cylinder and can block the lower end of the sliding groove of the guide cylinder to prevent the slider from leaving the sliding groove.

[0011] Preferably, the outer peripheral wall of the first hexagonal prism is provided with an adjusting arm that protrudes outward along the radial direction, and the number of adjusting arms is at least one; the side wall of the sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped groove along the circumferential direction, the arc-shaped groove extends along the circumferential direction of the sleeve, and the free end of the adjusting arm passes through the arc-shaped groove and extends outward from the outside of the sleeve. Pushing the adjusting arm along the extension direction of the arc groove can cause the No. 1 hexagonal prism to rotate around its own axis inside the sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the pin is fitted with a loading part, which can be pre-fixed on the rock surface. The lower end of the pin can be inserted into the loading part to fix the telescopic arm to the rock, thereby firmly supporting the fixing seat on the rock.

[0013] Preferably, the loading part includes an expansion part, two mounting arms, a positioning ball, and a steering ball. The expansion part is an expansion bolt. In use, holes adapted to the expansion part are pre-drilled in the rock. The expansion bolt is then inserted into the holes and tightened to fix the expansion part to the rock. The upper end of the expansion part is fixedly connected to the lower end of one of the mounting arms. The two mounting arms are arranged opposite each other, and their opposite end faces each have a semi-circular groove. After splicing, they form a spherical cavity, in which the positioning ball is rotatably assembled. A horizontally penetrating shaft hole is formed at the center of the positioning ball. A threaded shaft rotatably passes through this shaft hole, and both ends of the threaded shaft extend to the outer sides of the two mounting arms. The upper ends of both mounting arms are each provided with... The device has a ball-and-socket joint. The steering ball is rotatably assembled within a spherical space formed by the splicing of two ball-and-socket joints, and the steering ball and the ball-and-socket joint cooperate to form a ball-and-socket structure. The outer peripheral wall of the steering ball has an annular groove along its circumference, and the outer peripheral wall of the positioning ball has an annular protrusion along its circumference. The annular protrusion can be inserted into the annular groove to achieve meshing transmission between the positioning ball and the steering ball. A cylinder is fixed to the upper end face of the steering ball extending vertically upward. The axis of the cylinder is collinear with the center of the steering ball, and the lower end of the pin can be inserted into the cylinder with an interference fit. Nuts are threaded to both ends of the threaded shaft. Tightening the nuts can drive the two mounting arms to move closer to each other, thereby clamping the positioning ball and the steering ball, limiting the rotation angle of the cylinder, and achieving fixation.

[0014] Preferably, an integrated geographic mapping method, employing the aforementioned integrated geographic mapping device, includes the following steps: S1. Check the integrity of each component of the device, and confirm that the surveying instrument, outriggers, telescopic arm, insertion part, pin, loading part and other components are undamaged, the springs are in good elasticity and the drive unit is smoothly adjusted; select the target area according to the surveying requirements. Ordinary soil ground can be directly installed, while rock ground requires the loading part to be prepared in advance. S2. Place the mounting base in the center of the surveying area. Using the rotating shaft at the bottom of the mounting base, rotate the support legs to make them in a triangular support state to ensure stable support. Loosen the screws on the surface of the support legs, pull the telescopic arm to adjust the length, so that the insertion part is close to the ground or rock surface. After adjustment, tighten the screws to fix the telescopic arm. S3. Observe the leveling rod on the fixed base, and adjust the opening angle of the outriggers or the length of the telescopic arm to make the fixed base horizontal, so as to ensure that the measurement benchmark of the surveying instrument is accurate. S4. If it is a normal soil surface, the adjustment arm is moved by the arc groove on the surface of the insertion sleeve, which drives the first hexagonal prism to rotate. The second hexagonal prism on the rectangular column is engaged in the hexagonal groove at the top of the pin under the action of the spring, thereby driving the pin to rotate and making the slider on the surface of the pin aligned with the sliding groove of the guide tube. The compressed spring releases its elastic force and pushes the pin to be ejected along the sliding groove of the guide tube, nailing it into the ground to fix the telescopic arm and achieve stable support of the fixed seat. If the ground is rocky, first drill holes in the rock, insert the expansion bolts of the loading unit into the drilled holes and lock them in place; assemble the two mounting arms, clamp the positioning ball and the steering ball, insert the threaded shaft and tighten the nuts at both ends, so that the annular protrusion of the positioning ball is engaged with the annular groove of the steering ball, adjust the cylinder angle to the appropriate direction; insert the pins into the cylinder with interference fit to complete the fixing of the rocky ground. S5. Rotate the surveying instrument inside the fixed base, adjust the measurement angle and focal length, and calibrate the measurement parameters of the total station; according to the preset surveying range and accuracy requirements, start the surveying instrument to collect geographic information of the target area, including topographic elevation, distance, angle and other data, and record and store the measurement results in real time; S6. If the fixed base is found to be offset during the surveying process, the leveling rod can be observed again, and the outriggers or telescopic arm can be finely adjusted to ensure that the measurement benchmark remains unchanged. If obstacles such as ropes or debris are encountered, the device can be temporarily moved and re-fixed before continuing the surveying. S7. After completing the target area survey, move the adjusting arm again to drive the pin to rotate, so that the slider is aligned with the sliding groove of the limiting cylinder. Push the pin back into the sleeve and rotate the pin so that the slider blocks the surface of the limiting cylinder to avoid damage to the pin tip. Loosen the screws on the outrigger, retract the telescopic arm, and rotate the outrigger to fit against the fixed seat. In the rocky ground scene, loosen the nut on the threaded shaft, disassemble the mounting arm, take out the loading part and store it properly. Finally, organize all parts to complete the storage.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the spring-driven insertion part quickly drives the pin into the soil, and the sliding groove of the limiting cylinder and guide cylinder ensures reliable pin fixation. For rocky ground, the loading part is pre-fixed by expansion bolts, and the meshing transmission of the positioning ball and steering ball can adjust the cylinder angle to adapt to different rock surface inclinations. The pin is inserted into the cylinder with interference fit for stable fixation. These two fixing methods cover various terrains such as soil and rock, solving the problems of unstable fixation and easy displacement of traditional surveying devices in complex terrain, and providing a stable benchmark for surveying operations.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the drive unit rotates the first hexagonal prism via an adjusting arm. Through the engagement and transmission between the second hexagonal prism and the hexagonal slot of the pin, the rotational state of the pin can be quickly controlled, allowing for pin ejection and storage without complex tools. The outriggers can rotate around the axis of rotation to adjust their opening angle, and the telescopic arm can flexibly adjust its length. Combined with a leveling rod, the level can be intuitively calibrated. The entire device is simple to install, debug, and disassemble, significantly reducing the operational difficulty for operators and improving surveying preparation efficiency.

[0017] 3. In this invention, the insert can be stored inside the sleeve under normal conditions, and is limited by the locking action between the slider and the limiting cylinder, preventing the sharp tip from being damaged by collision or scratching the operator during handling and storage. The loading part adopts a detachable assembly structure, and the transmission and cooperation of components such as the No. 1 hexagonal prism and the No. 2 hexagonal prism are stable, the spring elasticity is durable, and the connections of each component are firm with minimal wear. At the same time, key components can be disassembled and replaced individually, reducing maintenance costs and extending the overall service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This invention presents a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an integrated geographic mapping device and mapping method. Figure 2 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the loading unit in an integrated geographic mapping device and mapping method. Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the internal cross-section of the insertion part in an integrated geographic mapping device and mapping method. Figure 4 This is a partial disassembly diagram of the insertion part in the integrated geographic mapping device and mapping method proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a partial disassembly diagram of the loading unit in an integrated geographic mapping device and mapping method proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the limiting cylinder in an integrated geographic mapping device and mapping method proposed in this invention.

[0019] Legend: 1. Fixed base; 2. Surveying instrument; 3. Support leg; 4. Telescopic arm; 5. Insertion part; 51. Sleeve; 52. No. 1 hexagonal prism; 53. Rectangular prism; 54. No. 2 hexagonal prism; 55. Spring; 56. Limiting cylinder; 57. Guide cylinder; 58. Hexagonal groove; 59. Slider; 6. Insert pin; 7. Loading part; 71. Mounting arm; 72. Steering ball; 73. Cylinder; 74. Positioning ball; 75. Threaded shaft; 76. Expansion part. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1, such as Figure 1-6As shown, an integrated geographic surveying device and method are disclosed. This integrated geographic surveying device uses a U-shaped fixed base 1 as its core supporting structure. The inner cavity of the fixed base 1 has reserved installation space. The surveying instrument 2, a total station, is installed in this space via a rotating shaft, ensuring that the surveying instrument 2 can flexibly adjust its measurement angle. A leveling rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall or upper surface of the fixed base 1. The measurement reference of the leveling rod is parallel to the measurement reference of the surveying instrument 2, allowing operators to visually determine whether the fixed base 1 is on a horizontal level plane. Three fixed arms are evenly distributed circumferentially at the bottom of the fixed base 1. Each fixed arm has a through hole in its side wall, into which a rotating shaft is fixedly inserted. The upper end of the support leg 3 has a through hole adapted to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft passes through this through hole, enabling the support leg 3 to rotate and connect with the fixed base 1. The support leg 3 can rotate up and down around the rotating shaft to adjust its opening angle.

[0021] The outrigger 3 has a sliding cavity along its length inside. The telescopic arm 4 is fitted into the sliding cavity and can slide along the length of the cavity. The lower end side wall of the outrigger 3 has a threaded hole. A screw is threaded through the threaded hole. When the screw is tightened, its end abuts against the outer wall of the telescopic arm 4, thereby fixing the relative position of the telescopic arm 4 and the outrigger 3. An insertion part 5 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the telescopic arm 4. The sleeve 51 of the insertion part 5 is cylindrical and coaxially arranged with the telescopic arm 4. The sleeve 51 is installed from top to bottom with a limit cylinder 56, a guide cylinder 57, and a spring 55. The limit cylinder 56 and the guide cylinder 57 are fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve 51, with a gap between them to avoid mutual interference.

[0022] Both the limiting cylinder 56 and the guide cylinder 57 have vertical sliding grooves on their inner walls. The sliding grooves of the two components are staggered in the circumferential direction. The upper outer peripheral wall of the pin 6 is integrally formed with a slider 59. The number of sliders 59 is the same as the number of sliding grooves and their sizes are compatible. The upper end of the spring 55 abuts against the inner wall of the top of the sleeve 51, and the lower end abuts against the upper end face of the pin 6. Under normal conditions, the slider 59 of the pin 6 is engaged with the upper end face of the guide cylinder 57, so that the spring 55 is in a compressed and energy-storing state, and the sharp lower end of the pin 6 is retracted inside the sleeve 51 or slightly protrudes.

[0023] Inside the sleeve 51, above the limiting sleeve 56, is a driving unit. A first hexagonal prism 52 is rotatably mounted on the top of the sleeve 51 via a bearing. The upper end of a rectangular prism 53 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first hexagonal prism 52. A second hexagonal prism 54 is slidably fitted onto the lower end of the rectangular prism 53. A spring 55 is positioned between the rectangular prism 53 and the second hexagonal prism 54, constantly applying a downward elastic force to the second hexagonal prism 54. A hexagonal groove 58 is formed on the upper end face of the insert 6. The second hexagonal prism 54 is engaged in the hexagonal groove 58 under the action of the spring 55, achieving a transmission connection between the driving unit and the insert 6. An adjusting arm is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first hexagonal prism 52. An arc-shaped groove is formed on the side wall of the sleeve 51. The adjusting arm extends outward from the sleeve 51 through the arc-shaped groove. Pushing the adjusting arm along the arc-shaped groove rotates the first hexagonal prism 52.

[0024] The lower end of the insert 6 is fitted with a loading part 7. The expansion part 76 of the loading part 7 is an expansion bolt. In use, a hole is pre-drilled on the rock surface, the expansion bolt is inserted into the hole and then locked to securely connect the expansion part 76 to the rock. The upper end of the expansion part 76 is fixed to one of the mounting arms 71. The two mounting arms 71 are arranged opposite each other, and their opposite end faces are provided with semi-circular grooves. After splicing, they form a spherical cavity, in which the positioning ball 74 is rotatably installed. The center of the positioning ball 74 has a through-hole, and a threaded shaft 75 passes through the through-hole and extends to the outside of the two mounting arms 71. Nuts are threaded to both ends of the threaded shaft 75. The upper ends of the two mounting arms 71 are provided with ball grooves. The steering ball 72 is rotatably installed in the space formed by splicing the ball grooves. The outer peripheral wall of the steering ball 72 is provided with an annular groove, and the outer peripheral wall of the positioning ball 74 is provided with an annular protrusion. The annular protrusion can be engaged with the annular groove to achieve meshing transmission. A cylinder 73 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the steering ball 72. The cylinder 73 is arranged coaxially with the steering ball 72. The lower end of the pin 6 can be inserted into the cylinder 73 for fixing.

[0025] Working principle: First, select a suitable surveying site. Place the fixed base 1 in the center of the target area, rotate the support leg 3 to make it in a triangular support state, loosen the screws on the support leg 3, pull the telescopic arm 4 to adjust the length so that the insertion part 5 is close to the ground or rock surface, and tighten the screws to fix the telescopic arm 4. Observe the leveling rod on the fixed base 1, and adjust the opening angle of the support leg 3 or the length of the telescopic arm 4 to make the fixed base 1 horizontal, ensuring that the measurement benchmark of the surveying instrument 2 is accurate. If it is a soil surface, push the adjusting arm to slide along the arc groove, causing the first hexagonal prism 52 to rotate, and the rectangular column 53 to rotate together. The second hexagonal prism 54 is kept in the locking state with the hexagonal groove 58 of the pin 6 under the action of the spring 55, thereby driving the pin 6 to rotate, so that the slider 59 on the pin 6 is aligned with the sliding groove of the guide cylinder 57. At this time, the compressed spring 55 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the pin 6 downwards. The slider 59 slides along the sliding groove of the guide cylinder 57, and the pin 6 is quickly ejected and driven into the ground, thus fixing the telescopic arm 4 to the ground. If the ground is rocky, first drill holes in the rock, insert the expansion bolts of the loading part 7 into the drilled holes and tighten them to fix the expansion part 76 to the rock. Place the two mounting arms 71 opposite each other, put the positioning ball 74 and the steering ball 72 into the corresponding spherical cavity and the ball groove, insert the threaded shaft 75 and tighten the nuts at both ends, so that the two mounting arms 71 clamp the positioning ball 74 and the steering ball 72. The annular protrusion of the positioning ball 74 is inserted into the annular groove of the steering ball 72. Adjust the cylinder 73 to a suitable angle and then tighten the nut. Push the adjusting arm to make the pin 6 rotate and eject, inserting the pin 6 into the cylinder 73 with interference fit, thus completing the fixing of the fixing seat 1 to the rocky ground. After fixing, rotate the surveying instrument 2 to adjust to a suitable measurement angle and start the total station to collect geographic information data of the target area. After the survey is completed, push the pin 6 upward and rotate it so that the slider 59 is aligned with the sliding groove of the limiting cylinder 56. Continue to push the pin 6 until the tip is completely retracted into the sleeve 51. Rotate the pin 6 again to make the slider 59 engage with the lower end face of the limiting cylinder 56 for storage. Loosen the screws on the support leg 3, retract the telescopic arm 4, and rotate the support leg 3 to fit against the fixing seat 1. If the loading part 7 is used, loosen the nut to remove the mounting arm 71, take out the loading part 7 and store it properly to complete the device storage.

[0026] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications to create equivalent embodiments applicable to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.

Claims

1. An integrated geographic mapping device, comprising a fixed base (1), characterized in that: The fixed base (1) has a U-shaped structure. A surveying instrument (2) is rotatably installed inside the fixed base (1). The surveying instrument (2) is a total station. A leveling rod is installed on the fixed base (1). The leveling rod can be used to determine whether the fixed base (1) is on the level surface. A support leg (3) is rotatably installed at the bottom of the fixed base (1). A telescopic arm (4) is slidably connected to the port of the support leg (3). A screw is inserted into the thread on the surface of the support leg (3). The screw can be screwed onto the support leg (3) to fix the telescopic arm (4). An insertion part (5) is installed at the port of the telescopic arm (4). A pin (6) is provided inside the insertion part (5). A spring (55) is provided inside the insertion part (5). The spring (55) can provide elastic force to shoot out the pin (6) to nail into the ground to fix the telescopic arm (4).

2. The integrated geographic mapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixed base (1) is fixedly connected to a fixed arm, and a rotating shaft is fixedly inserted into the fixed arm. The rotating shaft passes through the support leg (3). The support leg (3) can rotate on the fixed arm at the bottom of the fixed base (1) with the help of the rotating shaft. The support leg (3) can be adjusted to open so as to fix the fixed base (1) on the ground.

3. The integrated geographic mapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insertion part (5) includes a sleeve (51), which is fixedly installed on the port of the telescopic arm (4). A pin (6) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (51), and the spring (55) is disposed inside the sleeve (51).

4. The integrated geographic mapping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spring (55), the limiting cylinder (56), and the guide cylinder (57) form an elastic mechanism. The limiting cylinder (56) and the guide cylinder (57) are fixed inside the sleeve (51). A gap is provided between the limiting cylinder (56) and the guide cylinder (57). Sliding grooves are provided inside both the limiting cylinder (56) and the guide cylinder (57). The sliding grooves between the limiting cylinder (56) and the guide cylinder (57) are not located on the same straight line. A slider (59) is fixedly connected to the surface of the pin (6). The pin (6) can slide along the slider (59) with the help of the slider (59). The sleeve (51) is fixedly connected to a spring (55) inside the groove. The other end of the spring (55) abuts against the pin (6). Under normal conditions, the pin (6) is blocked at the port of the guide cylinder (57) by the slider (59). At this time, the spring (55) is in a compressed state. When the pin (6) needs to be driven into the ground, the pin (6) can be rotated so that the slider (59) on the surface of the pin (6) is aligned with the sliding groove of the guide cylinder (57). At this time, the spring (55) extends to provide elastic force so that the pin (6) slides along the sliding groove of the guide cylinder (57) and then drives into the ground with the help of the pin (6).

5. The integrated geographic mapping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pin (6) can rotate by sliding along the sliding groove inside the limiting cylinder (56) with the help of the slider (59). The pin (6) passes through the limiting cylinder (56) and then rotates the pin (6) so that the slider (59) on the surface of the pin (6) blocks the surface of the limiting cylinder (56). At this time, the pin (6) can be put into the sleeve (51) to avoid the tip of the pin (6) being damaged by collision when not in use.

6. The integrated geographic mapping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve (51) is provided with a driving part inside, which can rotate inside the sleeve (51). The driving part includes a first hexagonal prism (52), which is rotatably connected to the sleeve (51). A rectangular prism (53) is fixedly connected to the other end of the first hexagonal prism (52). A second hexagonal prism (54) is slidably fitted on the surface of the rectangular prism (53) near the other end. A spring (55) is provided between the rectangular prism (53) and the second hexagonal prism (54). The upper end of the pin (6) is provided with a hexagonal groove (58). The second hexagonal prism (54) can be driven by the spring (55) to extend and be locked in the hexagonal groove (58). At this time, the first hexagonal prism (52) can be rotated to control the second hexagonal prism (54) to rotate and drive the pin (6) to rotate so that the slider (59) slides in the sliding groove of the guide cylinder (57). The bottom end of the guide cylinder (57) is fixedly connected to a limit ring, which can fix the port of the guide cylinder (57) to block and seal the sliding groove.

7. The integrated geographic mapping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An adjusting arm is fixedly connected to the surface of the first hexagonal prism (52). An arc groove is provided on the surface of the sleeve (51). The adjusting arm can extend out from the arc groove and slide along the arc groove to drive the first hexagonal prism (52) to rotate.

8. The integrated geographic mapping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The port of the pin (6) is provided with a loading part (7), which can be pre-installed on the rock. The pin (6) is then inserted into the loading part (7) to fix the telescopic arm (4) and ensure that the fixing seat (1) is fixed on the rock.

9. The integrated geographic mapping device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The loading part (7) includes an expansion part (76), which is an expansion bolt. A hole can be pre-drilled in the rock, and the expansion bolt can be inserted into the pre-drilled hole and locked in place. One end of the expansion part (76) is fixed to the mounting arm (71). There are two mounting arms (71), and a positioning ball (74) is rotatably connected between the two mounting arms (71). The center of the positioning ball (74) is inserted into a threaded shaft (75), and the threaded shaft (75) rotates through the mounting arm (71). The two mounting arms (71) are provided with ball grooves at their ends, and a steering ball (72) is rotatably installed inside the ball groove. The steering ball (72) cooperates with the ball groove to form a ball groove. The structure includes annular grooves evenly distributed on the surface of the steering ball (72) and annular protrusions on the surface of the positioning ball (74). The positioning ball (74) can be engaged in the annular grooves on the surface of the steering ball (72) by means of the annular protrusions. A cylinder (73) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the steering ball (72). A pin (6) can be inserted into the cylinder (73) with an interference fit. Two mounting arms (71) are assembled together to clamp the positioning ball (74) and the steering ball (72). Nuts are threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded shaft (75) near both ends. The nuts can be tightened to allow the two mounting arms (71) to clamp the steering ball (72) and the positioning ball (74) and limit the angle of the cylinder (73).

10. An integrated geographic mapping method, characterized in that: The integrated geographic mapping device according to claim 9 includes the following steps: S1. Check the integrity of each component of the device and confirm that the surveying instrument, outrigger (3), telescopic arm (4), insertion part (5), pin (6), loading part (7) and other components are undamaged, the spring (55) is in good elasticity, and the drive part is smoothly adjusted; select the target area according to the surveying requirements. Ordinary soil ground can be directly installed, while rock ground requires the loading part (7) to be prepared in advance for adaptation. S2. Place the fixed base (1) in the center of the survey area. Using the rotating shaft at the bottom of the fixed base (1), rotate the support leg (3) to make it in a triangular support state to ensure stable support. Loosen the screws on the surface of the support leg (3), pull the telescopic arm (4) to adjust the length, so that the insertion part (5) is close to the ground or rock surface. After adjustment, tighten the screws to fix the telescopic arm (4). S3. Observe the leveling rod on the fixed seat (1), and make the fixed seat (1) horizontal by finely adjusting the opening angle of the support leg (3) or the length of the telescopic arm (4) to ensure that the measurement benchmark of the surveying instrument (2) is accurate. S4. If it is a normal soil surface, the adjustment arm is moved by the arc groove on the surface of the sleeve (51) of the insertion part (5), which drives the first hexagonal prism (52) to rotate. The second hexagonal prism (54) on the rectangular column (53) is inserted into the hexagonal groove (58) at the upper end of the pin (6) under the action of the spring (55), which drives the pin (6) to rotate, so that the slider (59) on the surface of the pin (6) is aligned with the sliding groove of the guide cylinder (57). The compressed spring (55) releases its elastic force, pushes the pin (6) to be ejected along the sliding groove of the guide cylinder (57), and nails into the ground to fix the telescopic arm (4), thus achieving stable support of the fixed seat (1). If the ground is rocky, first drill holes in the rock, put the expansion part (76) (expansion bolt) of the loading part (7) into the drill hole and lock it in place; assemble the two mounting arms (71), clamp the positioning ball (74) and the steering ball (72), insert the threaded shaft (75) and tighten the nuts at both ends, so that the annular protrusion of the positioning ball (74) is inserted into the annular groove of the steering ball (72), adjust the angle of the cylinder (73) to the appropriate direction; insert the pin (6) into the cylinder (73) with interference fit to complete the fixing of the rocky ground; S5. Rotate the surveying instrument (2) inside the fixed base (1), adjust the measurement angle and focal length, and calibrate the measurement parameters of the total station; according to the preset surveying range and accuracy requirements, start the surveying instrument (2) to collect the geographic information of the target area, including topographic elevation, distance, angle and other data, and record and store the measurement results in real time; S6. If the fixed base (1) is found to be offset during the surveying process, the leveling rod can be observed again, and the support leg (3) or telescopic arm (4) can be finely adjusted to ensure that the measurement benchmark remains unchanged. If obstacles such as ropes or debris are encountered, the device position can be temporarily moved, and the device can be fixed again before continuing the surveying. S7. After completing the target area survey, rotate the adjustment arm again to drive the pin (6) to rotate, so that the slider (59) is aligned with the sliding groove of the limiting cylinder (56), push the pin (6) back into the sleeve (51), rotate the pin (6) so that the slider (59) blocks the surface of the limiting cylinder (56) to avoid damage to the tip of the pin (6); loosen the screw on the outrigger (3), retract the telescopic arm (4), rotate the outrigger (3) to fit against the fixed seat (1); in the rocky ground scene, loosen the nut of the threaded shaft (75), disassemble the mounting arm (71), take out the loading part (7) and store it properly, and finally organize all parts to complete the storage.

Images