A tobacco-heat coupling-based controlled combustion system and method for organic solid waste in agriculture and forestry

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on smoke-heat coupling's agroforestry organic solid waste controlled combustion system and method, and the system includes upper and lower sealing butt joint raw material preheating bin mechanism and controlled combustion bin structure, raw material preheating bin mechanism inside is provided with annular pipe and manifold that array is arranged, controlled combustion bin structure is provided with combustion chamber, combustion air blower, smoke collection and transportation component, can the smoke generated by combustion is directly transported to raw material layer inside.This method realizes smoke heat coupling pretreatment by smoke and raw material direct contact, then the raw material after pretreatment is carried out stage controlled anoxic combustion.The application breaks through the traditional partition heat exchange mode, greatly improves heat transfer efficiency, improves raw material reactivity by synergistic use of smoke components, constructs pretreatment and combustion coupling operation system, without additional external heat source, reduce system operation cost, improve combustion efficiency and pyrolysis gas heat value at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural and forestry organic solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a controlled combustion system and method for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-thermal coupling. Background Art

[0002] In the actual combustion treatment process of agricultural and forestry organic solid waste, the raw materials to be treated inherently have characteristics such as a large fluctuation range of moisture content, a small bulk density, uneven calorific value distribution, and a large difference in combustion reaction activity. If the raw materials are directly fed into the combustion equipment for combustion treatment, problems such as unstable combustion process, incomplete fuel combustion, and low system thermal utilization efficiency are likely to occur. Currently, most of the raw material preheating pretreatment technologies supporting the agricultural and forestry organic solid waste combustion treatment process adopt the indirect heat exchange mode, that is, the waste heat of the flue gas generated by combustion is indirectly transferred to the raw materials to be treated through a dedicated heat exchange device to achieve the preheating and drying treatment of the raw materials. Under this heat exchange mode, the high-temperature flue gas and the raw materials to be treated do not directly contact, and only the heat transfer can be completed through the heat exchange wall surface, which has inherent defects such as low heat transfer efficiency, long raw material preheating cycle, and poor overall preheating uniformity of the raw materials. At the same time, it requires a heat exchange device with a complex structure, greatly increasing the equipment investment cost and operation and maintenance cost of the combustion system. More critically, the indirect heat exchange mode can only recover and utilize the sensible heat in the flue gas, and cannot synergistically utilize the effective active components such as residual oxygen and carbon dioxide contained in the flue gas, which not only causes waste of flue gas resources but also cannot optimize and improve the combustion reaction activity of the raw materials through the pretreatment link.

[0003] Some existing research and application technologies attempt to directly introduce the flue gas generated by combustion into the pretreatment bin to preheat the raw materials, but most of them only introduce the flue gas into the upper cavity area of the pretreatment bin, and the flue gas can only contact the surface layer of the raw material stack, unable to penetrate evenly and stably into the interior of the raw material layer, resulting in a serious unevenness in the preheating and drying effect of the raw material stack. It is difficult for the raw materials at the bottom and inside of the stack to be fully pretreated, and it is impossible to uniformly improve the overall combustion reaction activity of the raw materials, and thus it is difficult to ensure the stability and control of the subsequent combustion process. In summary, in the existing agricultural and forestry organic solid waste combustion treatment technologies, there are many technical defects such as low raw material preheating heat transfer efficiency, insufficient comprehensive utilization rate of flue gas resources, poor coupling between raw material pretreatment and combustion links, and poor optimization effect of raw material combustion reaction activity. There is an urgent need to develop a controlled combustion technology for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste that can specifically solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned deficiencies in existing agricultural and forestry organic solid waste combustion treatment technologies by providing a controlled combustion system and method for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on flue gas-heat coupling. This system breaks through the traditional indirect heat exchange method for raw material preheating, achieving synergistic utilization of flue gas waste heat and flue gas components. It constructs a coupled operation system of "flue gas pretreatment - controlled oxygen-deficient combustion," which improves heat transfer efficiency and combustion efficiency without requiring an additional external heat source, reducing system operating costs. At the same time, it improves the combustion reactivity of raw materials, increases the calorific value of pyrolysis gas, and achieves efficient, stable, and low-energy controlled combustion treatment of agricultural and forestry organic solid waste.

[0005] A controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling includes a controlled combustion chamber structure located below, and a raw material preheating chamber mechanism sealed and connected above the controlled combustion chamber structure. The raw material preheating chamber mechanism includes a raw material pretreatment chamber, an inlet end cap that can be opened, closed, and locked at the top port of the raw material pretreatment chamber, and multiple concentrically arranged annular pipes horizontally fixed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the raw material pretreatment chamber. The annular pipes are interconnected internally through connecting pipes, and the top surface of each annular pipe is arranged in a ring array along its circumferential direction. The controlled combustion chamber structure includes a combustion chamber, a combustion-supporting blower fixed to the front of the combustion chamber with its air outlet communicating with the interior of the combustion chamber, and multiple hot gas collection pipes spaced along the height direction on the right side of the combustion chamber and communicating with the interior of the combustion chamber. The outer ends of each hot gas collection pipe are sealed and connected to the inner side of the same flue gas collection frame. An air pump is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the flue gas collection frame. The top of the flue gas collection frame is sealed and connected to an upwardly extending conveying pipe whose end penetrates into the interior of the raw material pretreatment chamber.

[0006] In the above technical solution, preferably: a temperature sensor is embedded and fixed in the middle section of the front surface of the raw material pretreatment chamber, and the detection end of the temperature sensor extends into the inner cavity of the raw material pretreatment chamber for real-time acquisition of the ambient temperature inside the raw material pretreatment chamber; an interface is embedded and fixed in the right side wall of the raw material pretreatment chamber, and the inner port of the interface is sealed and connected to the main port where all the annular pipes converge, and the outer port of the interface is sealed and connected to the end of the conveying pipe away from the flue gas concentration frame.

[0007] In the above technical solution, preferably: a gap is reserved between adjacent annular pipes for the falling of agricultural and forestry organic solid waste, and a feeding port with a sealing cap is opened and installed on the top of the feed port end cap.

[0008] In the above technical solution, preferably: a support base is welded to the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, an insulated furnace is lined in the inner cavity of the combustion chamber, and multiple high-temperature resistant igniters extending into the insulated furnace are installed inside the combustion chamber.

[0009] In the above technical solution, preferably: the top port of the combustion chamber is sealed and fixedly connected to a combustion chamber end cover, the bottom port of the raw material pretreatment chamber is sealed and connected to the top port of the combustion chamber end cover, and an openable and closable gate is slidably installed inside the combustion chamber end cover. The gate is used to control the falling process of the pretreated raw material inside the raw material pretreatment chamber into the combustion chamber.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably: a maintenance manhole with a sealed door is opened and installed on the left side wall of the combustion chamber. The maintenance manhole is connected to the interior of the insulated furnace and is used to clean the combustion residue inside the combustion chamber, while facilitating the inspection and maintenance of the internal components of the furnace.

[0011] In the above technical solution, preferably: a main flue gas outlet communicating with the interior of the insulated furnace is installed on the top left side of the combustion chamber, and a flue gas temperature sensor is embedded and fixed in the rear side wall of the combustion chamber. The detection end of the flue gas temperature sensor extends into the inner cavity of the insulated furnace to collect the flue gas temperature in the combustion chamber in real time.

[0012] In the above technical solution, preferably, a one-way valve is installed on the outer port of each hot gas collection pipe. The one-way valve is directed from inside the combustion chamber to inside the flue gas collection frame, so that the flue gas inside the combustion chamber can only be discharged into the flue gas collection frame in one direction, thus avoiding backflow of flue gas.

[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably: a flue gas regulating valve is installed at the connection position between the conveying pipe and the flue gas concentrator, the flue gas regulating valve is used to regulate the flow rate and diversion ratio of the flue gas entering the conveying pipe; the outlet end of the air pump is connected to the inside of the flue gas concentrator, and can discharge room temperature air into the flue gas concentrator to neutralize the high temperature of the flue gas inside the flue gas concentrator, and at the same time provide power for the conveying of flue gas into the conveying pipe, so as to stably deliver the temperature-regulated flue gas into the conveying pipe.

[0014] This invention also provides a controlled combustion method for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling. This method is based on the aforementioned controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling, and specifically includes the following steps: Agricultural and forestry organic solid waste with a moisture content of 20%~60% and a particle size of 1~5cm is filled into the raw material pretreatment chamber through the feeding port at the top of the inlet end cap, forming a raw material layer of a predetermined thickness above the annular pipe. After filling, the sealing cap of the feeding port is closed to maintain the overall system relative airtightness. Ignition is then performed in the combustion chamber using a high-temperature igniter, and the combustion air supplied to the combustion chamber is regulated by a combustion-supporting blower. The combustion process within the combustion chamber is controlled to maintain a stable combustion temperature of 600-800℃, generating high-temperature flue gas. A portion of this high-temperature flue gas is discharged through the main flue gas outlet or enters the subsequent flue gas treatment system; the other portion is collected in the flue gas collection frame via a hot gas collection pipe, and then enters the raw material pretreatment bin via a conveying pipe under the control of the flue gas regulating valve. By adjusting the opening of the flue gas regulating valve, the flue gas diversion ratio is controlled to be 10%-50%. Simultaneously, by adjusting the amount of ambient temperature air pumped into the flue gas collection frame, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is neutralized, allowing it to enter the raw material pretreatment bin. The flue gas temperature is stably controlled within the range of 200~300℃. After being diverted and temperature-regulated, the medium-temperature flue gas enters an interconnected annular pipe through an interface, and is then evenly dispersed and sprayed out through manifolds on each annular pipe, entering the raw material layer inside the raw material pretreatment chamber. The flue gas flows from bottom to top or laterally within the raw material layer, simultaneously achieving multi-effect pretreatment: utilizing the sensible heat of the flue gas to rapidly heat the raw material, accelerating the vaporization and migration of moisture inside the raw material, completing the drying and dehydration; utilizing the residual oxygen in the flue gas to mildly oxidize and activate the surface of the raw material; and utilizing the carbon dioxide in the flue gas to react with the raw material through a gasification reaction, improving… The porous structure of the raw materials enhances their subsequent combustion reactivity. Water vapor and some exhaust gases generated during pretreatment are discharged from the top of the raw material pretreatment chamber. After completing the flue gas-thermal coupling pretreatment, the raw materials are quantitatively fed into the insulated furnace inside the combustion chamber by adjusting the opening of the gate in the combustion chamber end cover. Under limited oxygen supply, the raw materials undergo staged combustion and pyrolysis reactions. Pyrolysis occurs at 400-600℃, releasing volatiles. Partial oxidation and gasification reactions occur at 600-800℃. The pyrolysis gases generated during the reaction, along with the combustion flue gas, are discharged from the system through the main flue gas outlet.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the controlled combustion system and method for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] Compared to existing agricultural and forestry organic solid waste incineration technologies, this invention overcomes the limitations of traditional indirect heat exchange by directly introducing combustion flue gas into the raw material layer through a flue gas-thermal coupling pretreatment method. This significantly improves heat transfer efficiency, shortens the pretreatment cycle, and enables full recovery and utilization of flue gas waste heat, reducing energy waste. Simultaneously, it synergistically utilizes the effective components of the flue gas, with oxygen and carbon dioxide participating in the raw material pretreatment to achieve mild oxidation activation and partial gasification reactions, improving the pore structure of the raw materials and enhancing their reactivity in subsequent combustion. This invention constructs a coupled operation mode of flue gas pretreatment and controlled oxygen-deficient combustion, eliminating the need for an external heat source, simplifying the system structure, reducing operating costs, and simultaneously improving the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas and the system's combustion efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art will be briefly introduced and explained below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a controlled combustion system for solid waste.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the raw material preheating chamber mechanism;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flue gas distribution pipeline inside the raw material preheating chamber.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the controlled combustion chamber structure.

[0022] Appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 The correspondence between the components is as follows:

[0023] 1. Raw material preheating chamber structure; 1-1. Raw material pretreatment chamber; 1-2. Temperature sensor; 1-3. Feed inlet end cap; 1-4. Annular pipe; 1-5. Manifold; 1-6. Interface; 2. Controlled combustion chamber structure; 2-1. Combustion chamber; 2-2. Base; 2-3. Inspection manhole; 2-4. Combustion-supporting blower; 2-5. Main flue gas outlet; 2-6. Insulated furnace; 2-7. Combustion chamber end cap; 2-8. Conveying pipe; 2-9. Flue gas regulating valve; 2-10. Air pump; 2-11. Flue gas collection frame; 2-12. Hot gas collection pipe; 2-13. Flue gas temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In order to provide a clearer explanation and description of the technical solutions and implementation methods of the present invention, the following describes specific embodiments that implement the preferred technical solutions of the present invention.

[0025] The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling provided in this embodiment includes a controlled combustion chamber structure 2 located below, and a raw material preheating chamber mechanism 1 connected above the controlled combustion chamber structure 2. The raw material preheating chamber mechanism 1 and the controlled combustion chamber structure 2 are vertically connected to form a complete system body. The raw material preheating chamber mechanism 1 includes a raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1, an inlet end cap 1-3 locked to the top port of the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1, a feeding port installed on the top of the inlet end cap 1-3, and multiple annular pipes 1-4 fixed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1. The internal structures of each annular pipe 1-4 are interconnected. Multiple manifolds 1-5 are arranged in a ring array on the top surface of each annular pipe 1-4. There is a gap between the two structures to allow agricultural and forestry organic solid waste to fall, so that the pre-treated raw materials can be conveyed downwards through this gap into the controlled combustion chamber structure 2. Temperature sensor 1-2 is embedded and fixed in the middle of the front surface of the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1, which can collect the ambient temperature data inside the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1 in real time, providing data basis for adjusting the system operation status. Interface 1-6 is embedded and fixed on the right side of the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1. The inner port of interface 1-6 is connected to the port where the annular pipe 1-4 converges, and the outer port of interface 1-6 is connected to the port of the conveying pipe 2-8 away from the flue gas concentration frame 2-11, so as to realize the directional conveying of flue gas from the controlled combustion chamber structure 2 to the raw material preheating chamber mechanism 1. The controlled combustion chamber structure 2 includes a combustion chamber 2-1. A combustion-supporting blower 2-4 is fixed to the front of the combustion chamber 2-1. It can adjust the amount of combustion-supporting air supplied to the combustion chamber 2-1 according to system operating requirements, thereby controlling the oxygen supply conditions during combustion. Multiple hot gas collection pipes 2-12 are installed on the right side of the combustion chamber 2-1. Each hot gas collection pipe 2-12 has a flue gas collection frame 2-11 connected to its outer end. A one-way valve is installed on the outer port of each hot gas collection pipe 2-12 to ensure that the flue gas inside the combustion chamber 2-1 is discharged only and prevents backflow. An air pump 2-10 is fixedly connected to the outside of the flue gas collection frame 2-11. A conveying pipe 2-8, penetrating into the raw material pretreatment bin 1-1, is connected to the top of the flue gas collection frame 2-11. A [missing information - likely a device or device] is installed at the connection point between the conveying pipe 2-8 and the flue gas collection frame 2-11. The flue gas regulating valve 2-9 and the air pump 2-10 can discharge air into the flue gas concentrator 2-11 to neutralize the flue gas temperature inside the concentrator 2-11 and transport the flue gas to the conveying pipe 2-8. A base 2-2 is welded to the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 2-1 to provide stable support for the entire system. An insulated furnace 2-6 is installed inside the combustion chamber 2-1 to reduce heat loss during combustion and maintain a stable temperature environment inside the combustion chamber 2-1. Multiple high-temperature igniters are installed inside the combustion chamber 2-1 to ensure reliable ignition of the materials inside. A combustion chamber end cover 2-7 is fixedly connected to the top port of the combustion chamber 2-1. The bottom port of the raw material pretreatment bin 1-1 is connected to the top port of the combustion chamber end cover 2-7.The combustion chamber end cover 2-7 is equipped with a gate that controls the descent of raw materials into the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1. This gate adjusts the descent amount and rate according to the combustion process, enabling controllable adjustment of the feeding process. A maintenance manhole 2-3 is installed on the left side of the combustion chamber 2-1 for cleaning combustion residues and for maintaining internal components. A main flue gas outlet 2-5 is installed on the top left side of the combustion chamber 2-1, allowing some of the flue gas generated during combustion to be discharged or transported to subsequent treatment systems. A flue gas temperature sensor 2-13 is installed on the rear side of the combustion chamber 2-1, which can collect real-time flue gas temperature data inside the combustion chamber 2-1, providing data support for parameter adjustment in the combustion process. In this embodiment, the flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 2-1 is directly transported to the annular pipe 1-4 inside the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1 through the conveying pipe 2-8, and then evenly distributed into the raw material layer inside the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1 through the manifold 1-5 on the annular pipe 1-4. This breaks through the traditional indirect heat exchange mode, allowing the high-temperature flue gas to directly contact the raw material, greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency. This system achieves the synergistic utilization of flue gas components, allowing oxygen and carbon dioxide in the flue gas to directly participate in the pretreatment process of raw materials. This process provides mild oxidation and activation to the surface of the raw materials, promoting partial gasification reactions, improving the pore structure, and enhancing the subsequent combustion reactivity. The system establishes a coupled operation mode of flue gas pretreatment and controlled oxygen-deficient combustion. No external heat source is required; the pretreatment is completed using only the waste heat and effective components generated during combustion. This simplifies the overall system structure, facilitates engineering implementation, and reduces operating costs. After pretreatment, the raw materials enter the combustion chamber 2-1 and undergo staged pyrolysis and combustion reactions under limited oxygen supply conditions, effectively improving the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas and the overall combustion efficiency of the system. The technical solution of this embodiment fully covers all the technical features defined in claims 1 to 9, stably achieving controlled combustion of agricultural and forestry organic solid waste with flue gas-heat coupling. It is adaptable to the treatment needs of different types of agricultural and forestry organic solid waste, and the system operating parameters can be adjusted according to the moisture content, particle size, and other characteristics of the raw materials. It possesses good operational stability, treatment adaptability, and engineering promotion value.

[0026] Detailed workflow description:

[0027] Agricultural and forestry organic solid waste with a moisture content of 20%~60% and a particle size of 1~5cm is filled into the raw material pretreatment silo 1-1 through the feeding port at the top of the feed inlet end cap 1-3, forming a raw material layer of a set thickness. After filling, the feeding port is closed to maintain the overall system in a relatively sealed state. Ignition is carried out through the high-temperature resistant igniter inside the combustion chamber 2-1. The combustion air supply is adjusted by the combustion blower 2-4 to control the combustion process inside the combustion chamber 2-1, maintaining the combustion temperature at 600~800℃. High-temperature flue gas is generated during combustion. Part of the flue gas is discharged through the main flue gas outlet 2-5 or enters the subsequent treatment system, while the other part of the flue gas is collected through the hot gas collection pipe 2-12. The flue gas is collected in the flue gas collection frame 2-11, then flows through the conveying pipe 2-8, and enters the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1 under the control of the flue gas regulating valve 2-9. The flue gas diversion ratio is controlled by the flue gas regulating valve 2-9 to be 10%~50%, and air is simultaneously supplied to the flue gas collection frame 2-11 by the air pump 2-10 to neutralize the flue gas temperature, so that the temperature of the flue gas entering the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1 is controlled within the range of 200~300℃. The diverted medium-temperature flue gas enters the annular pipe 1-4 through the interface 1-6, and then enters the raw material layer inside the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1 evenly through the manifold 1-5. The flue gas flows from bottom to top or laterally in the raw material layer. During this process, the sensible heat of the flue gas is used to treat the raw material. Rapid heating accelerates the vaporization and migration of moisture inside the raw material. Residual oxygen in the flue gas is used to slightly oxidize and activate the surface of the raw material, while carbon dioxide in the flue gas promotes partial gasification, improving the pore structure and enhancing the subsequent combustion reactivity. Water vapor and some gases generated during pretreatment are discharged from the top of the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1. After pretreatment, the pretreated raw material is allowed to enter the combustion chamber 2-1 by adjusting the gate inside the combustion chamber end cover 2-7. Under limited oxygen supply conditions in the combustion chamber 2-1, the raw material undergoes staged combustion and pyrolysis reactions. First, pyrolysis occurs at 400-600℃ to release volatiles, then... Partial oxidation and gasification reactions are carried out at 600~800℃. The pyrolysis gas and combustion flue gas generated during the reaction are discharged from the main flue gas outlet 2-5. During system operation, temperature data inside the raw material pretreatment chamber 1-1 is collected in real time by temperature sensor 1-2, and flue gas temperature data inside the combustion chamber 2-1 is collected in real time by flue gas temperature sensor 2-13. Based on the collected temperature data, the air supply of the combustion blower 2-4, the opening of the flue gas regulating valve 2-9, and the operating power of the air pump 2-10 are adjusted to maintain the stable operation of the system. After the combustion operation is completed, the combustion residue inside the combustion chamber 2-1 can be cleaned through the maintenance manhole 2-3 to complete the system maintenance.

[0028] This invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Anyone should understand that structural changes made under the guidance of this invention, and any technical solutions that are the same as or similar to this invention, fall within the protection scope of this invention. Finally, it should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the implementation of this application. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effects and objectives of this application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling, characterized in that: It includes a controlled combustion chamber structure (2) located below, and a raw material preheating chamber mechanism (1) connected above the controlled combustion chamber structure (2); The raw material preheating chamber mechanism (1) includes a raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1), an inlet end cap (1-3) locked at the top port of the raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1), and multiple annular pipes (1-4) fixed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1). The annular pipes (1-4) are internally connected to each other, and multiple manifolds (1-5) are arranged in an annular array on the top surface of the annular pipes (1-4). The controlled combustion chamber structure (2) includes a combustion chamber (2-1), a combustion-supporting blower (2-4) fixed to the front side of the combustion chamber (2-1), and multiple hot gas collection pipes (2-12) installed on the right side of the combustion chamber (2-1). The outer end of the hot gas collection pipe (2-12) is connected to a flue gas collection frame (2-11). An air pump (2-10) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the flue gas collection frame (2-11). The top of the flue gas collection frame (2-11) is connected to a conveying pipe (2-8) that penetrates into the interior of the raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1).

2. The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (1-2) is embedded and fixed in the middle section of the front surface of the raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1). An interface (1-6) is embedded and fixed on the right side of the raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1). The inner port of the interface (1-6) is connected to the port where the annular pipe (1-4) converges. The outer port of the interface (1-6) is connected to the port of the conveying pipe (2-8) away from the flue gas concentration frame (2-11).

3. The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular pipes (1-4) are spaced apart to allow agricultural and forestry organic solid waste to fall, and the top of the feed port end cap (1-3) is equipped with a feeding port.

4. The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the combustion chamber (2-1) is welded with a base (2-2), and the inner cavity of the combustion chamber (2-1) is provided with a heat-insulated furnace (2-6). Multiple high-temperature igniters are installed inside the combustion chamber (2-1).

5. The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top port of the combustion chamber (2-1) is fixedly connected to the combustion chamber end cover (2-7), the bottom port of the raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1) is connected to the top port of the combustion chamber end cover (2-7), and a gate for controlling the falling of raw materials inside the raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1) is installed inside the combustion chamber end cover (2-7).

6. The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A maintenance manhole (2-3) is installed on the left side of the combustion chamber (2-1) for cleaning combustion residues inside the combustion chamber (2-1).

7. The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main flue gas outlet (2-5) is installed on the top left side of the combustion chamber (2-1), and the flue gas temperature sensor (2-13) is installed on the rear side of the combustion chamber (2-1).

8. The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: One-way valves are installed on the outer ports of the hot gas collection pipe (2-12) to allow the flue gas inside the combustion chamber (2-1) to be discharged only and prevent backflow.

9. The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flue gas regulating valve (2-9) is installed at the connection position between the conveying pipe (2-8) and the flue gas concentrator (2-11). The air pump (2-10) discharges air into the flue gas concentrator (2-11) to neutralize the flue gas temperature inside the flue gas concentrator (2-11) and to transport the flue gas into the conveying pipe (2-8).

10. A controlled combustion method for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling, characterized in that: The controlled combustion system for agricultural and forestry organic solid waste based on smoke-heat coupling, applicable to any one of claims 1-9, specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Fill the raw material pretreatment silo (1-1) with agricultural and forestry organic solid waste with a moisture content of 20%~60% and a particle size of 1~5cm through the feed inlet to form a raw material layer of a certain thickness. After filling, close the feed inlet to keep the system relatively sealed. S2: Ignition is carried out in the combustion chamber (2-1), and the combustion process is controlled by the combustion-supporting blower (2-4) to maintain the combustion temperature at 600~800℃, and high-temperature flue gas is generated during the combustion process; S3: Part of the flue gas generated by combustion is discharged through the main flue gas outlet (2-5) or enters the subsequent treatment system; another part enters the raw material pretreatment bin (1-1) through the conveying pipe (2-8) under the control of the flue gas regulating valve (2-9); the flue gas diversion ratio is controlled to be 10%~50% by regulating valve 4, and the temperature of the flue gas entering the raw material bin is controlled within the range of 200~300℃; S4: The diverted medium-temperature flue gas enters the raw material layer inside the raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1) evenly through the annular pipe (1-4) and manifold (1-5); the flue gas flows from bottom to top or laterally in the raw material layer, achieving the following in the process: rapid heating of the raw material using the sensible heat of the flue gas; accelerated vaporization and migration of moisture inside the raw material; mild oxidation and activation of the raw material surface using residual oxygen; and promotion of partial gasification reaction using carbon dioxide. Improve the pore structure of the raw materials to enhance their subsequent combustion reaction activity. Water vapor and some gases generated during the pretreatment process are discharged from the top of the raw material pretreatment chamber (1-1). S5: The raw material, after being pretreated by flue gas-thermal coupling, enters the combustion chamber (2-1) and undergoes staged combustion and pyrolysis reactions under limited oxygen supply conditions. The pyrolysis reaction takes place at 400~600℃, releasing volatiles; the partial oxidation and gasification reaction takes place at 600~800℃. The generated pyrolysis gas is discharged from the main flue gas outlet (2-5).

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