A waterproof electric wire cable

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cables, and discloses a tensile and waterproof type electric wire cable which comprises, from inside to outside, a filling body, an armored sleeve and an outer sheath, the filling body is embedded with a plurality of wire cores coated with an inner insulation layer, a plurality of bellows are arranged on the outer sheath in a length direction, each of the bellows is provided with a metal tensile assembly consistent with the number of the wire cores; the bellows are arranged on the outer sheath in a spaced mode, and the metal tensile assembly with the elastic supporting assembly is arranged inside, so that a segmented and bufferable tensile reinforcing structure is formed. When the cable is stretched, the bellows and the elastic supporting assembly inside are deformed in coordination, the elastic deformation of the arc-shaped conductive elastic sheet absorbs the instantaneous impact energy, the direct fracture of the sheath or the wire core caused by stress concentration is avoided, and the dynamic tensile performance of the cable is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, and specifically to a tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable. Background Technology

[0002] During installation, ground subsidence, and long-term operation, cables must continuously or momentarily withstand tensile stress caused by external forces. If the cable structure itself has insufficient tensile strength or uneven stress distribution, it is prone to structural failures such as internal conductor breakage and insulation layer damage, leading to operational faults such as short circuits, open circuits, and power outages, seriously affecting the safety and reliability of the system. In the prior art, various structural solutions have been proposed to improve the tensile and protective performance of cables. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN 210325274 U discloses a cable that is easy to connect side-by-side and is waterproof and tensile-resistant. It achieves the convenience of side-by-side laying by integrating a connecting structure in the sheath layer and improves the mechanical protection capability of the cable to a certain extent. However, the tensile function of this solution mainly relies on the outer sheath layer and side-by-side connectors. The overall structural strength is limited by the mechanical properties of the sheath material, and there is no effective stress buffering or coordinated deformation mechanism internally. When subjected to instantaneous impact loads or continuous high tensile stress, the cable has limited deformation adaptability and energy absorption capacity, which can easily lead to local stress concentration in the sheath and cause damage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable to solve the technical problems of poor tensile flexibility, insufficient deformation capacity with the wire core, lack of elastic buffering mechanism leading to easy local damage, and failure of waterproof performance after the tensile structure is damaged in existing cables.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a tensile and waterproof wire and cable, comprising a filler, an armor sleeve and an outer sheath arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The filler contains a plurality of wire cores covered with an inner insulation layer. The outer sheath is provided with a plurality of corrugated tubes spaced apart along the length direction. Each corrugated tube contains a metal tensile component with the same number of wire cores. The metal tensile component includes multiple elastic support components arranged along the axial direction, and the metal tensile component is electrically connected to both ends of the corresponding wire core.

[0005] Preferably, each elastic support component consists of two oppositely arranged arc-shaped conductive springs, each arc-shaped conductive spring having a ring in its middle portion.

[0006] Preferably, the metal tensile component further includes at least two first connecting rods and at least two second connecting rods; A first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the ring body located at the first end of the axial arrangement. The first connecting rod slides through the remaining ring bodies and is electrically connected to the first end of the corresponding wire core. The ring located at the second end of the axial arrangement is fixedly connected to a second connecting rod, which slides through the remaining rings and is electrically connected to the second end of the corresponding wire core.

[0007] Preferably, the end of the first connecting rod is electrically connected to the first end of the corresponding wire core through a first transition member, and the end of the second connecting rod is electrically connected to the second end of the corresponding wire core through a second transition member. Both the first transition piece and the second transition piece include a support ring and a shaped tube. The ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding support rings. One end of the shaped tube is connected to the support ring, and the other end is provided with a crimping fixing tube for fixing the end of the corresponding wire core.

[0008] Preferably, the metal tensile component further includes at least two screws, which pass through the rings of all the elastic support components in sequence, and each end of the screw is screwed with a nut; Each screw is fitted with two compression springs, which are located on both sides of the arrangement direction of all elastic support components. The two ends of the compression springs abut against the ring body at the first axially arranged end and the corresponding nut, and the ring body at the second axially arranged end and the corresponding nut, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes a bracket disposed inside the corrugated pipe. The bracket includes a central connecting block and a support tube corresponding to the number of wire cores. Multiple support tubes are fixedly arranged along the circumference of the central connecting block, and the elastic support component of each metal tensile component is accommodated in the corresponding support tube.

[0010] Preferably, each arc-shaped conductive spring has a groove at its extended end, and a pressure sensor is installed in the groove. The detection end of the pressure sensor can abut against the inner wall of the support tube.

[0011] Preferably, the two ends of the corrugated pipe along the axial direction are fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the outer sheath by wrapping with waterproof tape.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a cross-linked polyethylene semi-conductive shielding layer, which is extruded between the armor sleeve and the outer sheath.

[0013] Preferably, the arc-shaped conductive spring is an elastic metal sheet that, when not subjected to external force, forms an outwardly arched, petal-like shape. The arc-shaped conductive spring is made of any one of beryllium bronze, phosphor bronze, austenitic stainless steel or nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: This invention creates a segmented, buffered tensile reinforcement structure by spaced corrugated tubes on the outside of the outer sheath and internally assembling a metal tensile component with elastic support. When the cable is stretched, the corrugated tubes and the internal elastic support component deform together, absorbing instantaneous impact energy through the elastic deformation of the arc-shaped conductive spring, thus preventing stress concentration that could lead to direct breakage of the sheath or core, and significantly improving the dynamic tensile performance of the cable. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cable segment cut in this invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure without the corrugated pipe; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure without one supporting tube; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of part of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Front view structural diagram; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the arc-shaped conductive spring sheet of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram of region B in the middle; Figure 9 This is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the arc-shaped conductive spring sheet of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1. Filler; 11. Core wire; 111. Inner insulation layer; 2. Armored sleeve; 3. Outer sheath; 4. Corrugated tube; 5. Metal tensile component; 51. Elastic support component; 511. Arc-shaped conductive spring; 512. Ring body; 513. Groove; 52. First connecting rod; 53. Second connecting rod; 54. Screw; 542. Compression spring; 6. First transition piece; 62. Support ring; 63. Shaped tube; 631. Crimped fixing tube; 7. Bracket; 71. Central connecting block; 72. Support tube; 8. Waterproof tape; 9. Cross-linked polyethylene semi-conductive shielding layer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. Example

[0019] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable, whose overall structure, from the inside out, includes a filler body 1, an armor sleeve 2, and an outer sheath 3. Multiple wire cores 11 are embedded inside the filler body 1, and each wire core 11 is covered with an inner insulation layer 111 to achieve electrical isolation and insulation protection between the wire cores. The filler body 1 can be made of flame-retardant polypropylene filler rope or semi-conductive filler material to fill the gaps inside the cable and improve the overall roundness. The armor sleeve 2 is made of double-layer galvanized steel strip with gaps, providing basic radial mechanical protection and some axial tensile strength for the cable. The outer sheath 3 can be extruded from polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene material, providing outer abrasion and moisture protection. Multiple corrugated tubes 4 are spaced along the length of the outer circumference of the outer sheath 3. The corrugated pipe 4 is preferably made of modified polypropylene or nylon plastic corrugated pipe with good flexibility and weather resistance. Its outer wall has a ring-shaped or spiral concave-convex structure, which can not only adapt to the deformation when the cable is bent, but also transfer the tensile force to the internal structure when subjected to axial tension. Both ends of each corrugated pipe 4 are fixed to the outer circumference of the outer sheath 3 by wrapping it with waterproof tape 8. The waterproof tape 8 is preferably butyl rubber self-adhesive waterproof tape, which can tightly adhere to the interface between the outer sheath 3 and the corrugated pipe 4 after wrapping, forming a reliable waterproof seal and preventing water vapor or mud from entering the cable interior along the ends of the corrugated pipe 4.

[0020] Within the internal space of each bellows 4, a metal tensile component 5 is provided, the number of which corresponds to the number of wire cores 11. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Taking the four-core cable shown as an example, four sets of metal tensile components 5 are correspondingly installed inside the corrugated pipe 4. Each set of metal tensile components 5 is electrically connected to both ends of a corresponding wire core 11. The core structure of the metal tensile component 5 includes multiple elastic support components 51 arranged along the axial direction. Each elastic support component 51 consists of two oppositely arranged arc-shaped conductive spring pieces 511. Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, the arc-shaped conductive spring 511 is an elastic metal sheet that, when not subjected to external force, forms an outwardly arched, petal-like shape. The material of this arc-shaped conductive spring 511 is preferably selected from beryllium bronze, phosphor bronze, austenitic stainless steel, or nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. All of these materials possess excellent elastic limit, fatigue resistance, and conductivity, and can recover their original shape after repeated stretching and compression deformation, avoiding tensile failure caused by plastic deformation.

[0021] Each arc-shaped conductive spring piece 511 has a ring body 512 integrally formed or welded to its center. The ring body 512 serves as a connecting and guiding hub, responsible for connecting multiple elastic support components 51 in series. Specifically, in this embodiment, the metal tensile component 5 further includes at least two first connecting rods 52 and at least two second connecting rods 53. (See reference...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 Located at the first end of the axial arrangement (e.g.) Figure 6 A first connecting rod 52 is fixedly connected to the ring 512 of the elastic support component 51 (at the left end of the cable). The first connecting rod 52 slides through the inner hole of the ring 512 of all the other elastic support components 51 and extends axially towards the cable side, eventually electrically connecting to the first end of the corresponding wire core 11. Correspondingly, the second end (e.g., at the left end of the cable) is located at the ring 512 of the elastic support component 51 (at the left end of the cable). Figure 6 A second connecting rod 53 is fixedly connected to the ring 512 of the elastic support component 51 (at the right end of the cable). The second connecting rod 53 also slides through the inner hole of all the other rings 512 and extends to the other side of the axial direction of the cable, and finally connects to the second end of the corresponding wire core 11.

[0022] This connection method allows the corrugated tube 4 to initially bear part of the tension and undergo elastic elongation when the cable is subjected to axial tension. At this time, the elastic support component 51 fixed inside the corrugated tube 4 is subsequently subjected to tensile displacement. Since the first connecting rod 52 is fixed only to one end of the ring 512 and the second connecting rod 53 is fixed only to the other end of the ring 512, and both can slide within the middle ring 512, the two end rings 512 tend to move relative to each other under tension. This movement forces the multiple arc-shaped conductive springs 511 arranged in the middle to undergo elastic compression deformation. The arc-shaped conductive springs 511 at both ends will move towards the center position, and the arc-shaped conductive spring 511 in the middle will be squeezed by the arc-shaped conductive springs 511 at both ends, that is, it gradually deforms from an outwardly arched arc-shaped petal shape to a flat shape. During this process, the arc-shaped conductive spring piece 511 absorbs the instantaneous impact energy and continuous tensile force through its own elastic deformation, preventing the tensile force from acting directly on the core 11 or the armor sleeve 2, thereby effectively preventing core breakage or insulation layer damage. When the external force disappears, the arc-shaped conductive spring piece 511 pushes the two end rings 512 to reset under the action of elastic restoring force, and the cable as a whole returns to its initial state.

[0023] To further enhance the structural stability and axial guiding accuracy of the metal tensile component 5, at least two screws 54 can be provided in this embodiment. The screws 54 pass sequentially through holes in the rings 512 of all elastic support components 51, and nuts are screwed to both ends of the screws 54. Two compression springs 542 are also fitted onto each screw 54, located on opposite sides of the arrangement direction of all elastic support components 51. Specifically, the two ends of one compression spring 542 abut against the outer surface of the ring 512 at the first axially aligned end and the washer of the corresponding nut; the two ends of the other compression spring 542 abut against the outer surface of the ring 512 at the second axially aligned end and the washer of the corresponding nut. The compression springs 542 provide a preload, ensuring that each elastic support component 51 remains slightly compressed when not subjected to external force, eliminating assembly gaps between components and improving the overall integrity and responsiveness of the structure. When subjected to excessive stretching, the compression spring 542 is further compressed, working in conjunction with the arc-shaped conductive spring 511 to form a multi-level buffer mechanism, which greatly improves the overload resistance.

[0024] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the end of the first connecting rod 52 is electrically connected to the first end of the core 11 via a first transition piece 6, and the end of the second connecting rod 53 is electrically connected to the second end of the core 11 via a second transition piece (the structure of the second transition piece is the same as that of the first transition piece 6; only the first transition piece is shown in the figure). Both the first transition piece 6 and the second transition piece include a support ring 62 and a shaped tube 63. The support ring 62 is annular, and the end of either the first connecting rod 52 or the second connecting rod 53 is welded and fixed to the inner wall or end face of the support ring 62. One end of the shaped tube 63 is welded and butt-jointed to the support ring 62, and the tube wall of the shaped tube 63 may be designed with a bent section to avoid other components inside the corrugated pipe 4. The other end of the shaped tube 63 is provided with a crimping fixing tube 631 for fixing the corresponding end of the core 11. During assembly, the conductor of the core 11, after the inner insulation layer 111 has been stripped, is inserted into the crimping fixing tube 631, and the crimping fixing tube 631 is pressed tightly using a crimping tool, thereby achieving mechanical fixing and low-resistance electrical connection. This structure ensures that tensile force can be effectively transmitted to the elastic support assembly 51 through the first connecting rod 52, the second connecting rod 53 and the transition piece, without damaging the conductor of the wire core 11.

[0025] Since the multiple conductors 11 may have positional misalignment inside the corrugated tube 4, in order to ensure that the elastic support component 51 of the metal tensile component 5 can work stably and be subjected to uniform force, this embodiment also provides a bracket 7 inside the corrugated tube 4. The bracket 7 includes a central connecting block 71 and support tubes 72 corresponding to the number of conductors 11. Multiple support tubes 72 are uniformly fixedly arranged along the circumference of the central connecting block 71, and can be integrally injection molded or welded. The elastic support component 51 of each metal tensile component 5 is accommodated in the inner cavity of the corresponding support tube 72. The inner diameter of the support tube 72 is slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter of the arc-shaped conductive spring sheet 511 in its free state, so as to allow it sufficient deformation space during tension. The support tube 72 plays a positioning and guiding role, preventing the metal tensile components 5 of each phase conductor from interfering with each other when the cable is bent or twisted.

[0026] Based on the aforementioned mechanical structure and electrical connection design, this cable also possesses a unique core breakage early warning and monitoring function. Combined with... Figure 7 and Figure 8 Each arc-shaped conductive spring piece 511 has a groove 513 at its extended end. A pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed in the groove 513 by adhesive or snap-fit. The detection end of the pressure sensor faces the inner wall of the support tube 72 and can abut against the inner wall of the support tube 72. When the cable is working normally, the arc-shaped conductive spring piece 511 remains arched, and the pressure sensor is subjected to a small contact pressure or is in a critical contact state. Once the cable is subjected to excessive tensile force, the arc-shaped conductive spring piece 511 is forced to flatten or even indent in the opposite direction. At this time, its extended end will exert pressure on the inner wall of the support tube 72, causing the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor to increase significantly. By collecting the change in this pressure signal, the external monitoring equipment can determine that the cable section is under high stress tension.

[0027] Furthermore, to improve the electric field distribution under the influence of a high-voltage electric field and avoid partial discharge, a cross-linked polyethylene semi-conductive shielding layer 9 is extruded between the armor sheath 2 and the outer sheath 3 of this cable. This shielding layer 9 can uniformly distribute the electric field and, together with the outer sheath 3, forms a good waterproof and moisture-proof barrier. In actual laying applications, the traction force acts on the cable outer sheath 3, and the corrugated pipe 4, as a reinforcing segment, is subjected to the force in sequence. The internal elastic support component 51 absorbs the impact through deformation and protects the conductor 11. Even if the outer sheath 3 suffers minor damage during long-term use, the sealing effect of the waterproof tape 8 at both ends of the corrugated pipe 4 can still prevent moisture from penetrating along the cable axis. Combined with the inner armor sheath 2 and the semi-conductive shielding layer 9, excellent radial and axial dual waterproof and tensile strength effects are achieved.

[0028] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable, comprising a filler (1), an armor sheath (2), and an outer sheath (3) arranged sequentially from the inside out, wherein the filler (1) contains a plurality of wire cores (11) covered with an inner insulation layer (111), characterized in that, The outer sheath (3) is provided with a plurality of corrugated tubes (4) spaced apart along the length direction, and each corrugated tube (4) is provided with a metal tensile component (5) in the same number as the wire core (11). The metal tensile component (5) includes a plurality of elastic support components (51) arranged along the axial direction, and is fixedly electrically connected to the two ends of the corresponding wire core (11).

2. The tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the elastic support components (51) consists of two oppositely arranged arc-shaped conductive springs (511), each of the arc-shaped conductive springs (511) having a ring (512) in the middle portion.

3. The tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metal tensile component (5) further includes at least two first connecting rods (52) and at least two second connecting rods (53). The first connecting rod (52) is fixedly connected to the first end of the axial arrangement of the ring body (512). The first connecting rod (52) slides through the remaining ring bodies (512) and is fixedly electrically connected to the first end of the corresponding wire core (11). The second connecting rod (53) is fixedly connected to the second end of the axially arranged ring (512). The second connecting rod (53) slides through the remaining rings (512) and is fixedly electrically connected to the second end of the corresponding wire core (11).

4. The tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the first connecting rod (52) is electrically connected to the first end of the corresponding wire core (11) through a first transition member (6), and the end of the second connecting rod (53) is electrically connected to the second end of the corresponding wire core (11) through a second transition member; Both the first transition member (6) and the second transition member include a support ring (62) and a shaped tube (63). The ends of the first connecting rod (52) and the second connecting rod (53) are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding support ring (62), and the other ends of the two are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding ring body (512) located at the first end of the axial arrangement and the ring body (512) located at the second end of the axial arrangement. One end of the shaped tube (63) is connected to the support ring (62), and the other end is provided with a crimping fixing tube (631) for fixing the end of the corresponding wire core (11).

5. The tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metal tensile component (5) also includes at least two screws (54), which pass through the rings (512) of all the elastic support components (51) in sequence, and each end of the screw (54) is screwed with a nut. Each screw (54) is fitted with two compression springs (542), which are located on both sides of the arrangement direction of all the elastic support components (51), and the two ends of the compression springs (542) abut against the ring (512) at the first end of the axial arrangement and the corresponding nut, and the ring (512) at the second end of the axial arrangement and the corresponding nut.

6. The tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a bracket (7) disposed in the corrugated pipe (4), the bracket (7) including a central connecting block (71) and a support tube (72) corresponding to the number of the wire cores (11), a plurality of the support tubes (72) are fixedly arranged along the circumference of the central connecting block (71), and the elastic support component (51) of each metal tensile component (5) is accommodated in the corresponding support tube (72).

7. The tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the arc-shaped conductive spring pieces (511) has a groove (513) at its extended tail end. A pressure sensor is installed in the groove (513), and the detection end of the pressure sensor can abut against the inner wall of the support tube (72).

8. The tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the corrugated pipe (4) along the axial direction are wrapped and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer sheath (3) by waterproof tape (8).

9. The tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cross-linked polyethylene semi-conductive shielding layer (9), which is extruded between the armor sleeve (2) and the outer sheath (3).

10. The tensile-resistant and waterproof wire and cable according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The arc-shaped conductive elastic sheet (511) is an elastic metal sheet that, when not subjected to external force, is an outwardly arched arc-shaped petal. The arc-shaped conductive spring (511) is made of any one of beryllium bronze, phosphor bronze, austenitic stainless steel or nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

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