A wind-solar-hydrogen storage multi-energy coupling zero-carbon steel production system and method

Abstract

The application provides a wind-solar-hydrogen storage multi-energy coupling zero-carbon steel production system and method, and belongs to the technical field of smelting by using clean energy. In order to solve the problem that the existing wind-solar power generation system lacks an overall self-adaptive cooperative operation mechanism, the wind-solar-hydrogen storage multi-energy coupling zero-carbon steel production system comprises a wind-solar power generation system (1), a water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2), a diversified energy storage system (3), a dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4), a zero-carbon steel production system (5) and an energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6). The comprehensive system can realize wind-solar multi-energy complementation, electric-hydrogen coupling production, energy storage-hydrogen storage linkage regulation and control and dynamic matching of a new energy metallurgical process, constructs a closed-loop operation path of "wind-solar power generation-electrolytic hydrogen production-energy storage-hydrogen storage-hydrogen-based reduction-electric furnace smelting", realizes low carbonization, intelligentization and energy efficient utilization of a steel production process from a system level and provides technical support for the zero-carbon transformation of the steel industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of clean energy smelting technology, specifically a zero-carbon steel production system and method that couples wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] The steel industry is one of the world's largest energy consumers and carbon emitters, accounting for approximately 7%-8% of global carbon emissions. The traditional blast furnace-converter long-process technology uses coal as its primary energy source, characterized by high energy consumption, high carbon emission intensity, and large resource consumption. In recent years, hydrogen metallurgy technology, which uses hydrogen instead of traditional carbon sources as a reducing agent and produces only water as a reaction product, has been considered a crucial pathway for deep decarbonization in the steel industry. In this technology system, hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water from renewable energy sources (such as wind power and photovoltaics) is used as the reducing medium, making it an ideal solution for achieving low-carbonization in steel metallurgy. However, due to the intermittent and fluctuating nature of renewable energy sources, the green hydrogen production process suffers from prominent problems such as unstable load on the electrolysis system, low energy storage conversion efficiency, and fluctuating hydrogen supply pressure.

[0003] In existing technological systems, wind and solar power generation systems mostly operate independently or in simple grid-connected modes. Hydrogen production via water electrolysis typically operates under a fixed power load, making real-time adjustments based on power generation fluctuations difficult. Furthermore, energy storage and hydrogen storage devices are often isolated, lacking unified energy management and intelligent scheduling. Energy and hydrogen flows in hydrogen-based vertical shaft furnaces and electric arc furnaces are passively regulated, and the overall system lacks an adaptive, coordinated operation mechanism. These issues result in low renewable energy utilization, poor matching between hydrogen production and consumption, and low overall system energy efficiency, hindering the large-scale and economical development of hydrogen metallurgy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the lack of an overall adaptive and coordinated operation mechanism in existing wind and solar power generation systems, this invention provides a zero-carbon steel production system and method that couples wind, solar, hydrogen, and storage energy. This system and method achieves a comprehensive system integrating wind and solar energy complementarity, electro-hydrogen coupling production, energy storage and hydrogen storage linkage regulation, and dynamic matching of new energy metallurgical processes. It constructs a closed-loop operation path of "wind and solar power generation - electrolytic hydrogen production - energy storage and hydrogen storage - hydrogen-based reduction - electric furnace smelting," realizing low-carbon, intelligent, and energy-efficient utilization of the steel production process at the system level, providing technical support for the steel industry's transition to zero-carbon.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: A multi-energy coupled wind, solar, hydrogen, and storage zero-carbon steel production system includes a wind and solar power generation system, a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a diversified energy storage system, a dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system, a zero-carbon steel production system, and an integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system. The wind and solar power generation system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the diversified energy storage system, the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system, and the zero-carbon steel production system can all send status information to the integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system. The integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system can control the coordinated operation among the wind and solar power generation system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the diversified energy storage system, the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system, and the zero-carbon steel production system.

[0006] A method for producing zero-carbon steel using a multi-energy coupling system of wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage, comprising the following steps: The electricity generated by wind and solar power systems is transmitted to water electrolysis hydrogen production systems, diversified energy storage systems, and zero-carbon steel production systems. Hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is transported to the zero-carbon steel production system and the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system. The electricity stored in the diversified energy storage system is supplied to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the zero-carbon steel production system; The hydrogen stored in the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system is supplied to the zero-carbon steel production system; The wind and solar power generation system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the diversified energy storage system, the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system, and the zero-carbon steel production system all send status information to the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system. The energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system controls the coordinated operation of the wind and solar power generation system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the diversified energy storage system, the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system, and the zero-carbon steel production system.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By integrating wind and solar power generation, energy storage, water electrolysis for hydrogen production, and hydrogen storage and transportation, a stable energy supply from renewable energy to the metallurgical process is achieved. The coordinated operation of wind and solar power generation and the energy storage system reduces the volatility of renewable energy output, improves the capacity for green electricity consumption, and enables continuous and controllable energy input for hydrogen production and the metallurgical process. The produced hydrogen, after processing, meets the requirements for hydrogen reduction, and hydrogen utilization efficiency is improved through hydrogen storage peak shaving and furnace top gas recycling, reducing operating energy consumption. Through the integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system and the recovery and utilization of waste heat and water resources, the coordinated optimization of multiple energy flows and processes is achieved, constructing a closed-loop path of "green electricity-green hydrogen-green steel," providing an engineering-promotable system solution for zero-carbon steel production. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the zero-carbon steel production system that combines wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage as described in this invention.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a wind and solar power generation system.

[0011] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a diversified energy storage system.

[0013] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system.

[0014] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a zero-carbon steel production system.

[0015] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows: 1. Wind and solar power generation systems; 2. Water electrolysis hydrogen production systems; 3. Diversified energy storage systems; 4. Dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation systems; 5. Zero-carbon steel production systems; 6. Integrated energy and carbon intelligent management systems; 11. Wind turbine generator set; 12. Photovoltaic array; 13. First inverter voltage regulator; 14. Second inverter voltage regulator; 21. Water treatment unit; 22. Electrolyzer; 23. Gas-liquid separator; 24. Hydrogen compression and purification unit; 25. Hydrogen production pipeline; 26. Third inverter voltage regulator; 31. Battery energy storage unit; 32. Compressed air energy storage unit; 33. Molten salt energy storage unit; 34. Pumped hydro energy storage unit; 41. High-pressure hydrogen storage tank; 42. Metal hydride hydrogen storage tank; 43. Hydrogen compressor; 44. Hydrogen pipeline; 45. Pressure regulating valve; 51. Hydrogen-based direct reduction unit; 52. Steelmaking unit; 53. Steel rolling unit; 511. Vertical shaft furnace; 512. Vertical shaft furnace top gas cooling and purification device; 513. Hydrogen heating system; 514. Hydrogen compression device. Detailed Implementation

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, the wind-solar-hydrogen-storage multi-energy coupled zero-carbon steel production system described in this embodiment includes a wind and solar power generation system 1, a water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, a diversified energy storage system 3, a dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4, a zero-carbon steel production system 5, and an integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6. The wind and solar power generation system 1, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the diversified energy storage system 3, the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4, and the zero-carbon steel production system 5 can all send status information to the integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6. The integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6 can control the coordinated operation of the wind and solar power generation system 1, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the diversified energy storage system 3, the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4, and the zero-carbon steel production system 5.

[0018] like Figure 2 As shown, the wind and solar power generation system 1 includes a wind turbine generator 11, a photovoltaic array 12, and a first inverter voltage regulator 13. The electrical energy generated by the wind turbine generator 11 and the photovoltaic array 12 enters the local power grid through the first inverter voltage regulator 13 and is supplied to AC power users such as the zero-carbon steel production system 5. The first inverter voltage regulator 13 can convert direct current to alternating current and can also stabilize the voltage. The current in the local power grid is alternating current, and the electrical energy in the local power grid can be used by other devices and equipment.

[0019] The wind and solar power generation system 1 has power prediction, load distribution and dynamic response functions. The power supply line of the wind and solar power generation system 1 is equipped with current sensors and power sensors. The current sensors and power sensors can collect power generation data in real time and transmit it to the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system 6. The energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system 6 adjusts the output power of the wind and solar power generation system 1 according to wind speed, light intensity and load status of the wind-solar-hydrogen-storage multi-energy coupled zero-carbon steel production system, so as to provide renewable electricity for subsequent hydrogen production and metallurgical processes.

[0020] The wind and solar power generation system 1 also includes a second inverter voltage regulator 14, which can regulate the frequency and peak of the power generated by the wind and solar power generation system 1 to stabilize the output power. The second inverter voltage regulator 14 is connected to the local power grid, and the DC power generated by the wind turbine generator 11 and the photovoltaic array 12 can be directly fed into the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 and the diversified energy storage system 3 after being regulated by the second inverter voltage regulator 14.

[0021] If the electrical energy generated by the wind turbine generator set 11 and the photovoltaic array 12 exceeds the needs of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, it can be converted into alternating current by the first inverter voltage regulator 13 and then input into the local power grid.

[0022] The diversified energy storage system 3 is connected to the wind and solar power generation system 1 and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2. The electricity generated by the wind and solar power generation system 1 can be stored in the diversified energy storage system 3, and the stored electricity can then be used in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 to power the process. When the wind and solar power generation systems are insufficient to support the zero-carbon steel production system, the electricity stored in the diversified energy storage system 3 is used to power the hydrogen-based shaft furnace, electric furnace, and steel rolling metallurgical system. The diversified energy storage system 3 is used to regulate fluctuations in wind and solar power output.

[0023] When the wind and solar power output of the wind and solar power generation system 1 is lower than the load demand of the wind-solar-hydrogen-storage multi-energy coupled zero-carbon steel production system, the diversified energy storage system 3 releases electrical energy to compensate. When the wind and solar power output of the wind and solar power generation system 1 is higher than the load demand of the wind-solar-hydrogen-storage multi-energy coupled zero-carbon steel production system, the diversified energy storage system 3 absorbs excess electrical energy for storage.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, the diversified energy storage system 3 can store and release electrical energy. The diversified energy storage system 3 may include one or more of the following: battery energy storage unit 31, compressed air energy storage unit 32, molten salt energy storage unit 33 and pumped water energy storage unit 34. The charging and discharging status of the diversified energy storage system 3 is fed back to the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system 6 in real time through a signal acquisition device to achieve dynamic balance between power supply and demand.

[0025] The diversified energy storage system 3 can provide power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 and the zero-carbon steel production system 5. The diversified energy storage system 3 is connected to the local power grid and can also provide power to the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4 and the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system 6.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water using renewable electrical energy. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 includes a water treatment unit 21, an electrolyzer 22, a gas-liquid separator 23, and a hydrogen compression and purification unit 24. The water treatment unit 21, the electrolyzer 22, the gas-liquid separator 23, and the hydrogen compression and purification unit 24 are connected by a hydrogen production pipeline 25. The electrolyzer 22 has three operating modes: full-power hydrogen production mode, partial-power hydrogen production mode, and standby mode. The hydrogen production pipeline 25 is equipped with a pressure sensor and a flow sensor. The pressure sensor and flow sensor can collect hydrogen production data in real time and transmit it to the energy and carbon integrated intelligent management system 6 for coordinated control of the hydrogen production and supply process. The energy and carbon integrated intelligent management system 6 can control the operating mode of the electrolyzer 22 to one of the above three operating modes as needed.

[0027] The water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 may also include a third inverter voltage regulator 26, through which the electrolyzer 22 is connected to the local power grid. When the electricity generated by the wind and solar power generation system 1 cannot meet the needs of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the AC power in the local power grid is converted into DC power by the third inverter voltage regulator 26 and then enters the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 for direct use by the electrolyzer 22.

[0028] The dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4 is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 and the zero-carbon steel production system 5, and is used to buffer, store, and transport the hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 can be stored in the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4, and the hydrogen stored in the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4 can be used in the zero-carbon steel production system 5 for smelting. When wind and solar power generation is sufficient, excess hydrogen is stored, and when wind and solar power generation is insufficient, the stored hydrogen is sent to the zero-carbon steel production system.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4 includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41, a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank 42, a hydrogen compressor 43, a hydrogen transportation pipeline 44, a pressure regulating valve 45, and pressure and flow sensors. The high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 is used for medium- and long-term hydrogen storage, while the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank 42 is used for short-cycle peak-shaving hydrogen supply. The hydrogen compressor 43 compresses hydrogen from the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and delivers it to the hydrogen storage unit or the hydrogen transportation pipeline. The hydrogen transportation pipeline 44 delivers hydrogen from the hydrogen storage unit to the hydrogen-based direct reduction unit. The pressure regulating valve 45 regulates the hydrogen supply pressure to meet the operational requirements of the vertical shaft furnace reduction process. The pressure and flow sensors can collect hydrogen status information in real time and transmit it to the integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6. The integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6 can dynamically adjust the hydrogen supply quantity and pressure of the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4.

[0030] like Figure 6As shown, the zero-carbon steel production system 5 includes a hydrogen-based direct reduction unit 51, a steelmaking unit 52, and a rolling unit 53. The hydrogen-based direct reduction unit 51 can directly reduce iron ore or pellets using hydrogen provided by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2. The hydrogen-based direct reduction unit 51 includes a vertical shaft furnace 511, a vertical shaft furnace top gas cooling and purification device 512, a hydrogen compression device 514, and a hydrogen heating system 513 connected in sequence. The furnace top gas (containing a large amount of hydrogen) discharged from the vertical shaft furnace 511 passes through the vertical shaft furnace top gas cooling and purification device 512, the hydrogen compression device 514, and the hydrogen heating system 513 in sequence before returning to the vertical shaft furnace 511, realizing the recycling of gas (hydrogen). The hydrogen-based direct reduced iron produced by the hydrogen-based direct reduction unit 51 is transported to the steelmaking unit 52 by gravity, pneumatic conveying, or belt conveyor, etc. Steelmaking unit 52 employs electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking technology, including EAFs such as electric arc furnaces and electric melting furnaces. Rolling mill unit 53 contains a rolling mill. The zero-carbon steel production system 5 also includes steel smelting and processing equipment such as a waste heat recovery device. Waste heat generated by steelmaking unit 52 and rolling mill unit 53 is recovered through the waste heat recovery device, and the waste heat recovery process is monitored and controlled by the integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6. The power supply and load of the zero-carbon steel production system 5 are all regulated through the integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6, which regulates the power grid, energy storage, hydrogen storage, and hydrogen supply systems.

[0031] The integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6 includes a local power grid control module, an energy storage control module, a hydrogen production control module, a carbon emission control module, an energy management module, and a process control module. The integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6 can collect in real time the wind and solar power generation system 1's wind and solar power output parameters, the energy storage state of charge parameters of the diversified energy storage system 3, the hydrogen production load parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the hydrogen storage pressure parameters of the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4, and the vertical furnace hydrogen consumption parameters, electric furnace power parameters, and temperature parameters of the zero-carbon steel production system 5. The integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6 also realizes the coordinated control of multiple energy flows and multiple processes among the wind and solar power generation system 1, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the diversified energy storage system 3, the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4, and the zero-carbon steel production system 5 through the energy management module and the process control module.

[0032] When the power generation of the wind and solar power generation system 1 fluctuates, the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system 6 achieves rapid system response by regulating the energy storage of the diversified energy storage system 3, switching the hydrogen production load of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, controlling the hydrogen storage and release of the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4, and coordinating the metallurgical load of the zero-carbon steel production system 5. This ensures the continuous and stable operation of the hydrogen production, reduction, and steelmaking processes, and thus achieves deep coupling of wind and solar energy, hydrogen energy, and steel production processes in all aspects.

[0033] The following describes a method for producing zero-carbon steel using a multi-energy coupling system of wind, solar, hydrogen, and storage. This method employs the aforementioned system and includes the following steps: The electricity generated by the wind and solar power generation system 1 is transmitted to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the diversified energy storage system 3, and the zero-carbon steel production system 5; The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 is transported to the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4 and the zero-carbon steel production system 5; The electrical energy stored in the diversified energy storage system 3 is supplied to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 and the zero-carbon steel production system 5; The dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4 stores hydrogen and supplies it to the zero-carbon steel production system 5; The wind and solar power generation system 1, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the diversified energy storage system 3, the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4, and the zero-carbon steel production system 5 all send status information to the integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6. The integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6 controls the coordinated operation of these systems, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0034] The following detailed description, using embodiments and with a target annual production capacity of approximately 300,000 tons of green steel, illustrates the zero-carbon steel production system and method that integrates wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage. This embodiment is merely for illustrating the system's engineering operation logic and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0035] The hydrogen-based direct reduction process in unit 51 uses iron oxide pellets as raw material. Based on the stoichiometric relationship of the hydrogen-based direct reduction reaction and industrial operating experience, the amount of hydrogen required to produce 1 ton of direct reduced iron is approximately 50 kg to 60 kg. Considering the burn-off of direct reduced iron during the electric arc furnace smelting process and the ratio of direct reduced iron to scrap steel, producing 1 ton of green steel typically requires approximately 1.15 tons to 1.25 tons of direct reduced iron. Therefore, the hydrogen consumption for producing 1 ton of green steel is approximately 60 kg to 72 kg. Based on an annual production of 300,000 tons of green steel, the system's annual hydrogen demand is approximately 18,000 tons to 22,000 tons.

[0036] The water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 employs alkaline electrolysis technology and operates at 60℃~80℃. The electricity consumption for producing 1 Nm³ of hydrogen is approximately 4.5 kWh~5.0 kWh, equivalent to approximately 50 kWh~55 kWh of electricity required to produce 1 kg of hydrogen. Based on an annual hydrogen production of approximately 20,000 tons, the annual electricity consumption of the hydrogen production system is approximately 1 billion kWh~1.1 billion kWh. Considering the electricity demands for hydrogen compression, transportation and buffer storage, energy storage system charging and discharging losses, hydrogen water treatment, and auxiliary utilities, the total electricity consumption of hydrogen production and its supporting systems is approximately 1.1 billion kWh / year~1.3 billion kWh / year. Direct reduced iron is conveyed via a sealed system into an electric arc furnace or electric melting furnace for smelting. The electric arc furnace or electric melting furnace primarily uses green electricity as its energy input, with a unit electricity consumption of approximately 350 kWh / ton of steel~800 kWh / ton of steel. Taking into account the electricity consumption of each stage, the total electricity consumption for producing 1 ton of green steel is approximately 4000 kWh to 4800 kWh.

[0037] The electricity required for the wind-solar-hydrogen-storage multi-energy coupled zero-carbon steel production system is supplied by wind and solar power generation system 1, which operates in parallel with the local power grid. The electricity output from wind and solar power generation system 1 is preferentially used for water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, and the remaining electricity output from wind and solar power generation system 1 is used for diversified energy storage system 3 and zero-carbon steel production system 5. By configuring energy storage units in diversified energy storage system 3, the fluctuations in power generation from wind and solar power generation system 1 are mitigated, keeping the input power of water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 and zero-carbon steel production system 5 within a set range, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable operation of hydrogen production, reduction, and steelmaking processes.

[0038] When the power output of the wind and solar power generation system 1 exceeds the sum of the current metallurgical load of the zero-carbon steel production system 5 and the hydrogen production load of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system 6 increases the water electrolysis hydrogen production load by adjusting the operating current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 and the number of operating electrolyzers 22 to absorb surplus electricity. Simultaneously, the surplus electricity is fed into the diversified energy storage system 3 for charging according to a preset strategy. When the power output of the wind and solar power generation system 1 further increases and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 reaches its maximum operating load, the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system 6 prioritizes charging the diversified energy storage system 3 to avoid the waste of renewable energy. When the power output of the wind and solar power generation system 1 decreases or temporarily falls below the load demand of the zero-carbon steel production system 5 and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6 first releases power capacity by reducing the operating load of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2. If the power output of the wind and solar power generation system 1 is still insufficient to meet the load demand of the zero-carbon steel production system 5, the diversified energy storage system 3 releases electricity to compensate for the power shortfall of the common bus, thereby prioritizing the continuous operation of the hydrogen-based direct reduction system and the electric furnace smelting system of the zero-carbon steel production system 5. Through these methods, the direct impact of wind and solar power generation fluctuations on the metallurgical production load is reduced. Furthermore, when the wind and solar power generation system is insufficient to support the zero-carbon steel production system, the hydrogen storage system supplies hydrogen and electricity to the zero-carbon steel production system to support continuous production or emergency response. Specific implementation methods can be obtained through experience or a limited number of experiments.

[0039] In the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2, the hydrogen produced by electrolysis undergoes gas-liquid separation, drying, compression, and purification within the system before entering the hydrogen supply network. The dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system 4 is equipped with a hydrogen buffer (metal hydride hydrogen storage tank 42) and a hydrogen storage unit (high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41) to balance the time difference between hydrogen production and consumption. When hydrogen production is excessive, the excess hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage unit; when the hydrogen production capacity of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system 2 is limited or the power output of the wind and solar power generation system 1 decreases, the hydrogen storage unit releases hydrogen to compensate for the supply. High-purity hydrogen, after pressure stabilization and preheating, is fed into the middle of the hydrogen-based direct reduction unit 51, where it comes into countercurrent contact with iron oxide pellets moving downwards, completing a stepwise reduction reaction at 850℃~1000℃ to generate direct reduced iron. After the top gas of the reduction furnace is cooled, purified and separated by water, the unreacted hydrogen is compressed and heated and then returned to the vertical furnace 511 for recycling, so that the overall hydrogen recycling rate of the system can reach more than 80%.

[0040] The entire system is uniformly dispatched by the integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system 6. Through the energy management module EMS and the process control module PCS, it coordinates and controls wind and solar power output, energy storage status, hydrogen production power, hydrogen storage pressure, vertical furnace hydrogen consumption, and electric furnace load. When wind and solar power generation fluctuates, the system responds quickly through energy storage release regulation, hydrogen production load adjustment, and hydrogen storage charging and discharging switching, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of hydrogen production, reduction, and steelmaking processes. This forms a closed-loop production model of "green electricity-green hydrogen-green steel" based on renewable energy, providing an engineering demonstration for the annual production of 300,000 tons of zero-carbon steel.

[0041] This invention constructs an energy-hydrogen-metallurgy collaborative operation mechanism for the steel metallurgical industry by system-level coupling of novel electricity, diversified energy storage, flexible water electrolysis hydrogen production, dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation, and zero-carbon steel production. Its core lies in using renewable energy as a primary energy source, and through the coordinated regulation of energy storage and hydrogen production loads, mitigating the volatility of wind and solar power output, achieving continuous and flexible operation of water electrolysis hydrogen production under unstable power conditions; and through graded hydrogen storage and supply regulation, dynamically matching the hydrogen production process with the hydrogen-based direct reduction process in terms of time scale and load level. Simultaneously, utilizing the short-process metallurgical pathway formed by hydrogen-based direct reduction and electric arc furnace steelmaking, combined with tail gas hydrogen recycling, closed-loop utilization of waste heat and water resources, and a unified coordinated control of multiple energy flows and processes by an integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system, the efficient conversion and stable operation of renewable energy into the entire steel production process are achieved.

[0042] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, substitutions of equivalent components, or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions, and embodiments of the present invention can be freely combined and used.

Claims

1. A zero-carbon steel production system integrating wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage, characterized in that, The wind-solar-hydrogen-storage multi-energy coupled zero-carbon steel production system includes a wind-solar power generation system (1), a water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2), a diversified energy storage system (3), a dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4), a zero-carbon steel production system (5), and an energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6). The wind-solar power generation system (1), the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2), the diversified energy storage system (3), the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4), and the zero-carbon steel production system (5) can all send status information to the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6). The energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6) can control the coordinated operation between the wind-solar power generation system (1), the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2), the diversified energy storage system (3), the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4), and the zero-carbon steel production system (5).

2. The zero-carbon steel production system with multi-energy coupling of wind, solar, hydrogen, and storage as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, The wind and solar power generation system (1) includes a wind turbine generator (11), a photovoltaic array (12) and a first inverter voltage regulator (13). The first inverter voltage regulator (13) can convert DC power into AC power. The electrical energy generated by the wind turbine generator (11) and the photovoltaic array (12) enters the local power grid through the first inverter voltage regulator (13) and is sent to the AC power users of the zero-carbon steel production system (5). The wind and solar power generation system (1) has the functions of power prediction, load distribution and dynamic response. The power supply line of the wind and solar power generation system (1) is equipped with a current sensor and a power sensor. The current sensor and the power sensor can collect power generation data in real time and transmit it to the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6). The energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6) adjusts the output power of the wind and solar power generation system (1) according to the wind speed, light intensity and the load status of the wind-solar-hydrogen-storage multi-energy coupling zero-carbon steel production system.

3. The zero-carbon steel production system with multi-energy coupling of wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wind and solar power generation system (1) also includes a second inverter voltage regulator (14); the DC power generated by the wind turbine generator (11) and the photovoltaic array (12) can be directly fed into the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2) and the diversified energy storage system (3) after being frequency-modulated, peak-modulated and voltage-regulated by the second inverter voltage regulator (14).

4. The zero-carbon steel production system with multi-energy coupling of wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diversified energy storage system (3) is connected to the wind and solar power generation system (1). When the wind and solar power output of the wind and solar power generation system (1) is lower than the load demand of the wind, solar, hydrogen and storage multi-energy coupled zero-carbon steel production system, the diversified energy storage system (3) releases electrical energy to compensate. When the wind and solar power output of the wind and solar power generation system (1) is higher than the load demand of the wind, solar and hydrogen and storage multi-energy coupled zero-carbon steel production system, the diversified energy storage system (3) absorbs excess electrical energy for storage. The diversified energy storage system (3) includes one or more of the following: battery energy storage unit (31), compressed air energy storage unit (32), molten salt energy storage unit (33) and pumped water energy storage unit (34). The charging and discharging status of the diversified energy storage system (3) is fed back to the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6) in real time through a signal acquisition device. The diversified energy storage system (3) can provide power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2) and the zero-carbon steel production system (5).

5. The zero-carbon steel production system with multi-energy coupling of wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2) includes a water treatment unit (21), an electrolyzer (22), a gas-liquid separator (23), and a hydrogen compression and purification unit (24). The water treatment unit (21), the electrolyzer (22), the gas-liquid separator (23), and the hydrogen compression and purification unit (24) are connected by a hydrogen production pipeline (25). The electrolyzer (22) has a full-power hydrogen production operation mode, a partial-power hydrogen production operation mode, and a standby operation mode. The hydrogen production pipeline (25) is equipped with a pressure sensor and a flow sensor. The pressure sensor and the flow sensor can collect hydrogen production data in real time and transmit it to the energy and carbon integrated intelligent management system (6). The energy and carbon integrated intelligent management system (6) can control the operation mode of the electrolyzer (22).

6. The zero-carbon steel production system with multi-energy coupling of wind, solar, hydrogen, and storage as described in claim 5, is characterized in that, The water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2) also includes a third inverter voltage regulator (26). The electrolyzer (22) is connected to the local power grid through the third inverter voltage regulator (26). The third inverter voltage regulator (26) can convert the AC power in the local power grid into DC power and use it to power the electrolyzer (22).

7. The zero-carbon steel production system with multi-energy coupling of wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic hydrogen storage and transmission system (4) is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2) and the zero-carbon steel production system (5). The dynamic hydrogen storage and transmission system (4) contains a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (41), a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank (42), a pressure sensor and a flow sensor. The pressure sensor and flow sensor can collect hydrogen status information in real time and transmit it to the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6). The energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6) can dynamically adjust the hydrogen supply and hydrogen supply pressure of the dynamic hydrogen storage and transmission system (4).

8. The zero-carbon steel production system with multi-energy coupling of wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zero-carbon steel production system (5) contains a hydrogen-based direct reduction unit (51), a steelmaking unit (52), and a rolling unit (53). The hydrogen-based direct reduction unit (51) can use the hydrogen provided by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2) to directly reduce iron ore or pellets. The hydrogen-based direct reduction unit (51) includes a vertical furnace (511), a vertical furnace top gas cooling and purification device (512), a hydrogen compression device (514), and a hydrogen heating system (513) connected in sequence. The furnace top gas discharged from the vertical furnace (511) can be returned to the vertical furnace (511) after passing through the vertical furnace top gas cooling and purification device (512), the hydrogen compression device (514), and the hydrogen heating system (513) in sequence, so as to realize the recycling of gas. The steelmaking unit (52) includes an electric arc furnace or an electric melting furnace. The power supply and load of the zero-carbon steel production system (5) are all regulated by the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6) through the local power grid, the diversified energy storage system (3), and the dynamic hydrogen storage and transmission system (4).

9. The zero-carbon steel production system with multi-energy coupling of wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system (6) can collect in real time the wind and solar power output parameters of the wind and solar power generation system (1), the energy storage state parameters of the diversified energy storage system (3), the hydrogen production load parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2), the hydrogen storage pressure parameters of the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4), and the vertical furnace hydrogen consumption parameters, electric furnace power parameters and temperature parameters of the zero-carbon steel production system (5). The integrated energy and carbon intelligent management system (6) also realizes the coordinated control of multiple energy flows and multiple processes among the wind and solar power generation system (1), the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2), the diversified energy storage system (3), the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4) and the zero-carbon steel production system (5) through the energy management module and the process control module.

10. A method for producing zero-carbon steel using a multi-energy coupling of wind, solar, hydrogen, and energy storage, characterized in that, The zero-carbon steel production method using the wind-solar-hydrogen-storage multi-energy coupling system described in claim 1 includes the following steps: The electricity generated by the wind and solar power generation system (1) is transmitted to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2), the diversified energy storage system (3), and the zero-carbon steel production system (5). Hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2) is transported to the zero-carbon steel production system (5) and the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4). The diversified energy storage system (3) stores electrical energy to supply the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2) and the zero-carbon steel production system (5). The dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4) supplies the stored hydrogen to the zero-carbon steel production system (5). The wind and solar power generation system (1), the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2), the diversified energy storage system (3), the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4), and the zero-carbon steel production system (5) all send status information to the energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6). The energy-carbon integrated intelligent management system (6) controls the coordinated operation of the wind and solar power generation system (1), the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (2), the diversified energy storage system (3), the dynamic hydrogen storage and transportation system (4), and the zero-carbon steel production system (5).

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