A device and method for reforestation of a gentle slope forest land by hole cultivation

Abstract

This invention discloses a device and method for pit-cultivation afforestation in gently sloping forest land, relating to the field of afforestation technology. It includes: a support frame, a vibration assembly, a pit-cultivation assembly, and a cofferdam assembly. A first driving device is connected to the support frame; the vibration assembly is connected to the support frame and is used to generate vibration in the vertical direction; the pit-cultivation assembly includes two pit-cultivation plates, the upper ends of which are hinged to the support frame. The rotation axes of the two pit-cultivation plates extend horizontally and are parallel to each other. The pit-cultivation assembly has a closed state and an open state. When the pit-cultivation assembly is in the closed state, the lower ends of the two pit-cultivation plates abut against each other; when the pit-cultivation assembly is in the open state, the lower ends of the two pit-cultivation plates separate. The first driving device is used to drive the pit-cultivation assembly to switch between the closed and open states; the cofferdam assembly is used to create a water weir around the pit-cultivation assembly. This invention can improve operational efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of afforestation technology, and in particular to a device and method for pit-cultivation afforestation on gentle slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, afforestation in pit reclamation on gentle slopes faces numerous challenges, and existing methods have significant limitations. The soil on gentle slopes is compact and contains many stones, making conventional pit-digging equipment difficult to penetrate and inefficient. Manual digging is extremely labor-intensive, time-consuming, and unsuitable for large-scale, batch afforestation. Furthermore, manually dug pits are inconsistent in size and have poor boundary regularity, making loose soil areas prone to collapse and affecting seedling planting. Water loss is also common on gentle slopes; constructing separate irrigation weirs requires additional steps, increasing costs and time, and resulting in low operational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a device and method for pit-cultivation afforestation in gently sloping forest land, which can improve operational efficiency.

[0004] An afforestation device and method for pit reclamation in gentle slope forest land according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a support frame, a vibration assembly, a pit-making assembly, and a cofferdam assembly. A first driving device is connected to the support frame; the vibration assembly is connected to the support frame and is used to cause the support frame to vibrate in the vertical direction; the pit-making assembly includes two pit-making plates, the upper ends of which are hinged to the support frame, and the rotation axes of the two pit-making plates extend horizontally and are parallel to each other. The pit-making assembly has a closed state and an open state. When the pit-making assembly is in the closed state, the lower ends of the two pit-making plates abut against each other; when the pit-making assembly is in the open state, the lower ends of the two pit-making plates separate. The first driving device is used to drive the pit-making assembly to switch between the closed and open states; the cofferdam assembly is used to create a water weir around the pit-making assembly.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a pit-cultivation afforestation device and method for gentle slope forest land has at least the following beneficial effects: The moving component is used to generate vibration of the support in the vertical direction, significantly reducing the penetration resistance to the soil compared to static pressure burial methods, making it suitable for the relatively compact soil conditions of gentle slope forest land. The first driving device is used to drive the pit-cultivation component to switch between a closed state and an open state; the two pit-cultivation plates are hinged to achieve closure and opening, and after being inserted into the ground under vibration, they open again, forming a rectangular pit with clear boundaries. In areas with loose soil, this maintains the soil structure around the pit and prevents the pit from collapsing. The cofferdam component contacts the ground, pushing the surface soil to form a ring-shaped mound as a water weir, completing the construction of the water weir without additional procedures, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the cavity-forming assembly is in the open state, the lower edges of the two cavity-forming plates are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first driving device is an electric push rod, the fixed end of the first driving device is bolted to the bracket, and the telescopic end of the first driving device is hinged to the cavity-forming plate.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, handrails are connected to both the front and rear sides of the bracket.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cofferdam assembly includes a support ring and a shovel plate. The support ring is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the support frame, and the shovel plate is connected to the lower end of the support ring. A second driving device is connected to the support frame. The second driving device is used to drive the support ring to rotate. When the shovel plate makes a circular motion, it can collect the soil on the ground surface around the hole-making assembly.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, two shovels are symmetrically arranged.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the shovel is arc-shaped to facilitate pushing the soil on the ground towards the hole-making component.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the bracket is provided with a clearance hole, the support ring is surrounded by a toothed ring, the output shaft of the second drive device is connected to a gear, the gear passes through the clearance hole and meshes with the toothed ring, and the second drive device drives the toothed ring to rotate through the gear.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lower end of the bracket is connected to a mounting cylinder, the support ring is located inside the mounting cylinder, and a retaining ring is bolted to the lower end of the mounting cylinder, the retaining ring being used to prevent the support ring from detaching from the mounting cylinder.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for pit-cultivation afforestation on gentle slope forest land, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Use strips to clear the miscellaneous shrubs and deep-rooted weeds on the hillside, preserving 3-5 meters of natural vegetation on the mountain top, ridge and foot of the mountain; Step 2: The support is manually moved to the preset location. The first driving device drives the hole-making component to switch to the closed state and starts the vibration component. Under the action of gravity and vibration, the hole-making component is inserted into the ground. The first driving device drives the hole-making component to switch to the open state to form a hole for planting seedlings. Step 3: Activate the cofferdam assembly to form a water weir around the pit; Step 4: Manually remove the support frame, place the sapling into the pit, and backfill the water weir near the pit into the pit. Water the sapling after planting. Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to plant multiple saplings, with a distance of 3 meters between them; Step Six: In the year following afforestation, at a suitable time for afforestation, replant the seedlings that did not survive. Step 7: After afforestation, nurture the trees for 3 consecutive years. The specific steps for nurturing are as follows: In May and June, remove weeds and shrubs within a 1-meter diameter area centered on the plant, loosen the soil and dig to a depth of 10-15cm, cover the tree basin to retain moisture, and in September and October, cut off the weeds and shrubs between the rows that affect the growth of the seedlings.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity-creating component in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity-creating component in an open state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of a cofferdam assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Icon labels: Bracket 100, handrail 110, clearance hole 120, mounting cylinder 130, retaining ring 140; First drive unit 200; Vibration component 300; Hole-making component 400, hole-making plate 410, fixing plate 420; Cofferdam component 500, support ring 510, toothed ring 511, shovel plate 520; Second drive unit 600, gear 610. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, "multiple" refers to two or more. The use of "first" and "second" is for distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or their sequential relationship.

[0021] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 5As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a pit-cultivation afforestation device for gently sloping forest land, comprising: a support frame 100, a vibration component 300, a pit-cultivation component 400, and a cofferdam component 500. The support frame 100 is welded from shaped steel and steel plates and is horizontally arranged. A first driving device 200 is connected to the support frame 100. The vibration component 300 is connected to the support frame 100 and is selected from electromagnetic vibrators or two synchronously rotating counter-rotating vibration motors. The vibration component 300 is prior art and will not be described in detail. The vibration component 300 is used to generate vibration of the support frame 100 in the vertical direction, which significantly reduces the penetration resistance to the soil compared with static pressure burial methods, making it suitable for the relatively compact soil conditions of gently sloping forest land. The cavity-forming assembly 400 includes two cavity-forming plates 410, each a rectangular steel plate. The upper end of each cavity-forming plate 410 is hinged to a support 100. A central hole is formed in the center of the support 100. The cavity-forming assembly 400 also includes two fixing plates 420, which are welded parallel to each other to the upper end of the support 100. The cavity-forming plates 410 pass through the central hole. Each cavity-forming plate 410 has a first hinge hole, and each fixing plate 420 has a second hinge hole. The first and second hinge holes are aligned. A hinge shaft passes through both the first and second hinge holes, and nuts are provided at both ends of the hinge shaft for axial positioning. The rotation axes of both cavity-forming plates 410 extend horizontally and are parallel to each other; that is, the two hinge shafts extend horizontally and are parallel to each other. The pit-forming component 400 has a closed state and an open state. When the component is in the closed state, the lower ends of the two pit-forming plates 410 abut against each other, and the lower ends of the plates 410 are chamfered to facilitate insertion into the ground. When the component is in the open state, the lower ends of the two plates 410 separate. The first driving device 200 is used to drive the component 400 to switch between the closed and open states. The two plates 410 are hinged to achieve closing and opening. After being inserted into the ground under vibration, they open, forming a pit with a rectangular cross-section and clear boundaries. In areas with loose soil, this can maintain the soil structure around the pit and prevent the pit from collapsing. It is foreseeable that the impact generated by the vibration component 300 can break up some rocks at the lower ends of the plates 410, thus adapting to slopes with a lot of gravel in the soil. The cofferdam component 500 is used to create a weir around the pit-forming component 400. The hole-forming component 400, once inserted into the ground, serves for positioning and fixation. The cofferdam component 500, in contact with the ground, pushes the surface soil to form a ring-shaped mound that acts as a water weir. This eliminates the need for additional steps in constructing the water weir, significantly improving work efficiency. When watering the saplings subsequently, the water weir acts as a barrier, preventing water from flowing downhill and concentrating it around the root zone of the saplings.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 4As shown, in some embodiments, when the cavity-forming assembly 400 is in the open state, the lower edges of the two cavity-forming plates 410 are located in the same horizontal plane, forming a stable support surface with the ground. When the cavity-forming assembly 400 is in the open state, the two cavity-forming plates 410 act as support legs, supporting the entire device when it is resting or parked. This saves the cost and weight of separately designing, manufacturing, and installing support legs.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the first driving device 200 is an electric push rod. Multiple first driving devices 200 are symmetrically arranged, and the stroke of the electric push rod can be precisely set, accurately controlling the opening amplitude of the cavity-forming plate 410. The electric push rod has a fully enclosed structure with a high dustproof and waterproof rating, suitable for the dusty and humid environment of forest land. The fixed end of the first driving device 200 is bolted to the bracket 100, and the telescopic end of the first driving device 200 is hinged to the cavity-forming plate 410. A hinge ring is welded to the side of the cavity-forming plate 410, and a straight groove is opened in the center of the hinge ring. A hinge bolt is connected to the telescopic end of the first driving device 200, and the hinge bolt passes through the straight groove. The structure is compact and easy to install.

[0025] It is foreseeable that the bracket 100 is connected to a battery pack that powers the first drive device 200 and the vibration component 300. The battery pack can be a 60V or 72V battery commonly found in electric bicycles or electric motorcycles, thereby reducing equipment costs. In scenarios with 220V power supply, such as when using an electric vehicle with external discharge capability, the battery pack is not required.

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, handrails 110 are welded to both the front and rear sides of the support 100. Two operators can hold the handrails 110 one in front and one behind to lift the device together. The two-person cooperation allows for adjustment of the lifting height and pace according to the slope, making it suitable for transporting in gentle woodland and avoiding the effort or loss of balance required for single-person operation.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 5As shown, in some embodiments, the cofferdam assembly 500 includes a support ring 510 and a shovel plate 520. The cofferdam assembly 500 is installed at the lower end of the bracket 100 and is vertically offset from the pit-making assembly 400. The plane of motion of the shovel plate 520 is located outside the pit-making plate 410 and does not affect the opening and closing action of the pit-making plate 410. The support ring 510 is rotatably installed at the lower end of the bracket 100, and the shovel plate 520 is connected to the lower end of the support ring 510. The shovel plate 520 can be welded or bolted to the lower end of the support ring 510. A second driving device 600 is connected to the bracket 100. The second driving device 600 is used to drive the support ring 510 to rotate. When the shovel plate 520 makes a circular motion, it can collect the soil on the ground surface around the pit-making assembly 400, and use the surface loose soil or soft topsoil around the pit to build a water weir. The second drive device 600 drives the support ring 510 and the shovel plate 520 to perform circular motion. The shovel plate 520 continuously scrapes the surface soil and pushes it around the hole-making component 400. Compared with manual soil shoveling and cofferdam construction, this method is faster and less labor-intensive, making it suitable for mass afforestation operations. The shovel plate 520 performs a fixed-radius circular motion around the axis of the support ring 510, resulting in a ring-shaped soil mound with uniform thickness and height.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, two shovels 520 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the diameter of the support ring 510 to avoid unbalanced torque when the support ring 510 rotates. The two shovels 520 alternately push the soil to both sides of the cavity-making component 400, resulting in a more uniform distribution of soil along the circumferential direction.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the shovel 520 is arc-shaped to facilitate pushing surface soil towards the hole-making component 400. The arc-shaped surface of the shovel 520 naturally guides the scooped soil inwards during rotation, preventing it from scattering outwards. The arc-shaped shovel 520 also exhibits lower cutting resistance, reducing the energy consumption of the second drive unit 600.

[0030] Reference Figures 1 to 5As shown, in some embodiments, the bracket 100 has a clearance hole 120, and a gear ring 511 is arranged around the support ring 510, with the gear ring 511 welded to the support ring 510. The second drive device 600 is an electric motor. The output shaft of the second drive device 600 is connected to a gear 610, which passes through the clearance hole 120 and meshes with the gear ring 511, providing a through channel for the gear 610. The second drive device 600 drives the gear ring 511 to rotate through the gear 610. Both the gear ring 511 and the gear 610 are made of metal, with high meshing strength, capable of withstanding the large torque and impact generated when the shovel plate 520 cuts the soil. The diameter of the gear 610 is much smaller than the diameter of the gear ring 511, which can act as a speed reducer, amplifying the torque of the second drive device 600. A protective cover can be provided on the bracket 100 to enclose the second drive device 600 and the gear 610, preventing external dust and rainwater from affecting the second drive device 600.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the lower end of the bracket 100 is connected to an mounting cylinder 130, and the support ring 510 is located inside the mounting cylinder 130. The inner wall of the mounting cylinder 130 provides radial constraint to the support ring 510, ensuring the stability of the support ring 510 during rotation. A retaining ring 140 is bolted to the lower end of the mounting cylinder 130. The retaining ring 140 is an annular steel plate. The inner diameter of the retaining ring 140 is smaller than the outer diameter of the support ring 510. The retaining ring 140 is used to prevent the support ring 510 from detaching from the mounting cylinder 130 during operation or transportation. The retaining ring 140 is bolted for easy disassembly and assembly. After removing the retaining ring 140, the support ring 510 can be removed from the mounting cylinder 130 for easy replacement of the scraper plate 520 or cleaning of the internal soil.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for pit-cultivation afforestation in gently sloping forest land, specifically including the following steps: Step one: Clear the hillside of miscellaneous shrubs and deep-rooted weeds in strips, and pile the cleared shrubs and weeds in strips within the forest. After clearing, the height of the logs should not exceed 5cm. Preserve 3.0-5.0m wide strips of natural vegetation on the mountain top, ridge, and foot of the mountain to conserve water and soil, and preserve healthy, rare, and valuable broad-leaved tree seedlings or saplings within the forest. Step 2: Two operators hold the handrails 110 on the front and back sides of the support 100 respectively, lift the device to the preset location, the first drive device 200 drives the hole-making component 400 to switch to the closed state, and the vibration component 300 is activated to make the support 100 and the hole-making plate 410 generate high-frequency vibration in the vertical direction. Under the action of gravity and vibration, the hole-making component 400 is inserted into the ground. The first drive device 200 drives the hole-making component 400 to switch to the open state to form a rectangular hole for planting seedlings. The hole size is 50cm×50cm×50cm. If the soil is heavy and causes great resistance to opening, the vibration component 300 can be activated briefly to assist the hole-making plate 410 in opening. Step 3: Start the cofferdam assembly 500. The second drive device 600 drives the support ring 510 and two symmetrical arc shovels 520 to rotate through the meshing of the gear 610 and the gear ring 511. The shovels 520 make circular motion around the center of the pit, pushing the surface soil and soft topsoil within a range of 0.5~0.8m around the pit to the edge of the pit, forming a ring-shaped irrigation weir. Step 4: Activate the first drive device 200 to close the hole-making plate 410, manually remove the support 100, place the sapling into the hole, use your hand or a small shovel to take back the backfill soil from the inside of the irrigation weir, fill the hole until the roots are completely covered, gently lift the sapling to make close contact between the roots and the soil, and continue backfilling to half the depth of the hole, compact it, and only take soil from the inside of the irrigation weir when backfilling to ensure that the irrigation weir is still a continuous closed ring of soil. Water the sapling with 10L~15L after planting. Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to plant multiple saplings, with a distance of 3 meters between each sapling, until the planting in the entire clearing area is completed. Step Six: In the year following afforestation, at a suitable time for afforestation, replant the seedlings that did not survive. Replanting involves creating new planting holes within 30cm of the original planting hole using a hole-reclamation device for gentle slope forest land, and directly replanting seedlings of the same specifications. Step 7: After afforestation, nurture the trees for 3 consecutive years. The specific steps for nurturing are as follows: In May and June, use a sickle to remove weeds and shrubs within a 1-meter diameter area centered on the plant, and use a hoe to loosen the soil and dig to a depth of 10-15cm. Cover the tree basin with the cut weeds and shrubs to retain moisture. In September and October, use a sickle to cut the weeds and shrubs between the rows that affect the growth of the seedlings.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land, characterized in that, include: A bracket (100) is provided, on which a first driving device (200) is connected. A vibration assembly (300) is connected to the support (100), and the vibration assembly (300) is used to cause the support (100) to vibrate in the vertical direction; A cavity-forming assembly (400) includes two cavity-forming plates (410). The upper ends of the cavity-forming plates (410) are hinged to the support (100). The rotation axes of the two cavity-forming plates (410) extend horizontally and are parallel to each other. The cavity-forming assembly (400) has a closed state and an open state. When the cavity-forming assembly (400) is in the closed state, the lower ends of the two cavity-forming plates (410) abut against each other. When the cavity-forming assembly (400) is in the open state, the lower ends of the two cavity-forming plates (410) are separated. The first driving device (200) is used to drive the cavity-forming assembly (400) to switch between the closed state and the open state. A cofferdam assembly (500) is used to create a water weir around the cavity-making assembly (400).

2. The pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the cavity-forming component (400) is in the open state, the lower edges of the two cavity-forming plates (410) are located in the same horizontal plane.

3. The pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving device (200) is an electric push rod. The fixed end of the first driving device (200) is bolted to the bracket (100), and the telescopic end of the first driving device (200) is hinged to the cavity-forming plate (410).

4. The pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support (100) is connected to handrails (110) on both the front and rear sides.

5. The pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cofferdam assembly (500) includes a support ring (510) and a shovel plate (520). The support ring (510) is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the bracket (100), and the shovel plate (520) is connected to the lower end of the support ring (510). A second driving device (600) is connected to the bracket (100). The second driving device (600) is used to drive the support ring (510) to rotate. When the shovel plate (520) makes a circular motion, it can collect the soil on the ground surface around the hole-making assembly (400).

6. The pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shovel (520) is symmetrically arranged in two parts.

7. The pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shovel plate (520) is arc-shaped to facilitate pushing the soil on the ground surface toward the hole-making component (400).

8. The pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bracket (100) has a clearance hole (120), and a toothed ring (511) is arranged around the support ring (510). The output shaft of the second drive device (600) is connected to a gear (610). The gear (610) passes through the clearance hole (120) and meshes with the toothed ring (511). The second drive device (600) drives the toothed ring (511) to rotate through the gear (610).

9. The pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bracket (100) is connected to a mounting cylinder (130) at its lower end. The support ring (510) is located inside the mounting cylinder (130). A retaining ring (140) is bolted to the lower end of the mounting cylinder (130). The retaining ring (140) is used to prevent the support ring (510) from detaching from the mounting cylinder (130).

10. A method for pit-cultivation afforestation in gently sloping forest land, characterized in that, Using the pit-cultivation afforestation device for gentle slope forest land according to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes the following steps: Step 1: Use strips to clear the miscellaneous shrubs and deep-rooted weeds on the hillside, preserving 3-5 meters of natural vegetation on the mountain top, ridge and foot of the mountain; Step 2: The support (100) is manually moved to the preset location. The first driving device (200) drives the hole-making component (400) to switch to the closed state and starts the vibration component (300). The hole-making component (400) is inserted into the ground under the action of gravity and vibration. The first driving device (200) drives the hole-making component (400) to switch to the open state to form a hole for planting seedlings. Step 3: Activate the cofferdam assembly (500) to form a water weir around the pit; Step 4: Manually remove the support (100), place the sapling into the pit, backfill the water weir near the pit into the pit, and water the sapling after planting. Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to plant multiple saplings, with a distance of 3 meters between them; Step Six: In the year following afforestation, at a suitable time for afforestation, replant the seedlings that did not survive. Step 7: After afforestation, nurture the trees for 3 consecutive years. The specific steps for nurturing are as follows: In May and June, remove weeds and shrubs within a 1-meter diameter area centered on the plant, loosen the soil and dig to a depth of 10-15cm, cover the tree basin to retain moisture, and in September and October, cut off the weeds and shrubs between the rows that affect the growth of the seedlings.

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