A drip irrigation integrated system for shelterbelt in arid region

Abstract

The application discloses a drought area shelterbelt drip irrigation integrated system and relates to the technical field of intelligent irrigation. In view of the hidden water shortage problem that double water source alternate drip irrigation causes the formation of a high-salt hardened layer in the periphery of the root zone and blocks the effective water absorption path of plants, the system is configured with asymmetric inner core and shell double-line pipe networks and performs space targeted regulation and control through a controller. The system compares double-node sensing data in real time to dynamically delineate the high-salt wrapping state; generates discrete water supply quotas for different sections according to the water source salinity difference and physical deficit volume integral; performs water source time sequence decoupling actions of shell targeted salt washing and shell breaking first and then inner core water supplementing; and verifies the salt polarity reversal after redistribution to confirm the penetration and adaptively overwrite the control reference. The application can actively break through the salt barrier and rebuild the root water absorption channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent irrigation technology, specifically to an integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid regions. Background Technology

[0002] Protective forests in arid regions are generally distributed in ecologically fragile zones characterized by intense evaporation and extreme drought. Limited by freshwater resources, irrigation of these forest belts typically employs a drip irrigation system that alternates between groundwater and conventional surface freshwater. After water infiltrates the soil at point sources, driven by strong surface evapotranspiration, salts migrate with the water towards the infiltration boundary and accumulate in large quantities at the edge of the plant root zone. Different irrigation water sources exhibit significant differences in mineralization and ionic composition, and long-term alternating drip irrigation results in an extremely heterogeneous spatial distribution of water and salt in the root zone.

[0003] During alternating irrigation, the central infiltration area beneath the dripper is frequently leached by water, maintaining a relatively low-salt, moist core. Simultaneously, the surrounding soil gradually evolves into a high-salt, compacted layer, hindering water and air exchange, due to continuous salt concentration. Conventional soil moisture monitoring nodes are typically fixed in a localized area directly beneath the dripper, and the collected sensor data only reflects the apparent water surplus in the central area. When the high-salt compacted layer completely blocks soil transport channels, the active plant roots cannot effectively absorb water due to the sudden increase in osmotic pressure in the surrounding soil, thus falling into a hidden water shortage stress. Existing drip irrigation control strategies rely on a single local moisture content index for threshold-based start / stop decisions, employing fixed irrigation quotas and equal-duration rotational irrigation systems, lacking a dynamic mechanism to assess the spatial water and salt content of the soil. Conventional uniform water supply logic cannot penetrate the spatial barrier of the high-salt compacted layer; blindly supplementing water cannot penetrate the concentration zone to reach the outer roots, instead continuously exacerbating salt precipitation and accumulation at the boundary.

[0004] In response to the current technical situation of severe imbalance in water and salt distribution under dual-source drip irrigation in arid areas, the key problem that this invention urgently needs to solve is how to accurately determine the spatial encapsulation state of the high-salt compacted layer inside the root zone soil on the low-salt moist core, and dynamically adjust the irrigation spatial distribution and water supply sequence at the water source switching node to actively break the barrier of the outer high-salt interface in order to rebuild a continuous and effective water transport channel inside the soil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes an integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid regions. This system solves the problem of hidden water shortage stress caused by the non-uniform transport of water and salt in the context of alternating drip irrigation from two water sources. This results in the formation of a high-salt crust around the root zone, which blocks effective water absorption pathways.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas, comprising a main pipeline, core branch pipelines, outer branch pipelines, a water receiving chamber, and a controller. The core branch pipelines and outer branch pipelines are respectively equipped with core section valves and outer section valves. The controller is configured to execute: The source pattern receiving module is used to lock the core section valve and the outer shell section valve, guide the old water source retained in the main pipeline to the receiving water chamber, extract the conductivity of the old water source and the conductivity of the new water source to calculate the source pattern difference, and record the volume of the old water received. The shell domain delineation module is used to collect the core point moisture content, shell point moisture content, core point conductivity, and shell point conductivity before irrigation. By comparing and determining the spatial distribution constraints of internal moisture and external salinity, it assigns effective segment coverage marks to the corresponding segments and generates a list of covered segments. The shell-breaking and water-replacing module is used to pre-calculate the water consumption of the section by combining the source difference and the section physical parameters. It also uses volume weight to discretely allocate the old water volume to generate the old water quota for the section. The outer shell section valve is opened to schedule the old water in the receiving water chamber to be injected into the outer shell branch. When the cumulative water volume reaches the old water quota for the section, a dynamic first-close action is performed. Then, new water is introduced and the core section valve is opened to perform the core replenishment action. The penetration reset module is used to assign a section opening mark by comparing the retested shell point conductivity with the retested core point conductivity after a set infiltration redistribution time delay. Based on the section opening mark and the effective section coverage mark, the effective penetration coefficient of the belt is calculated, and the control status field and the benchmark core point moisture content in the belt status table are updated.

[0007] Preferably, the core branch and the outer shell branch form an asymmetrically arranged bi-line drip irrigation network, including: The kernel branch is located at the very center of the tree hole, and the outer shell branch is divided into two parallel branches on the left and right. The receiving water chamber is connected in parallel to the main pipeline of the belt body in a bypass manner, and the top of the receiving water chamber integrates an automatic air venting and pressure relief channel; A first-class soil sensor node is configured to be buried in the moist core area directly below the dripper of the core branch as the core point data acquisition source, and a second-class soil sensor node is configured to be buried at the junction of the transverse moist outer edge of the core branch and the active root layer of the target tree species as the shell point data acquisition source.

[0008] Preferably, the process of the source pattern receiving module calculating the source pattern difference includes: If the new water source and the old water source are determined to be of the same type, the source pattern receiving module calculates the difference between the conductivity of the new water source and the conductivity of the old water source, divides it by the sum of the conductivity of the new water source and the conductivity of the old water source, and directly generates the source pattern difference value. When it is determined that the new water source and the old water source are heterogeneous water sources, the source pattern receiving module calls the preset ion weight compensation matrix to perform nonlinear weight compensation on the conductivity of the old water source and the conductivity of the new water source respectively to generate the corresponding equivalent conductivity. Then, the difference between the equivalent conductivity of the new water source and the equivalent conductivity of the old water source is calculated and divided by the sum of the two to generate the source pattern difference value.

[0009] Preferably, the criteria for the shell domain delineation module to determine the spatial distribution constraints of the inner wet and outer saline areas include: When the following conditions are met simultaneously: the core point moisture content before irrigation is greater than the set effective maintenance threshold, the core point moisture content before irrigation is greater than the shell point moisture content before irrigation, and the shell point conductivity before irrigation is greater than the core point conductivity before irrigation, the corresponding section is determined to meet the spatial distribution constraint of internal moisture and external salinity.

[0010] Preferably, the process of extracting the calculation basis by the shell domain delineation module includes: The effective lateral wetting width of the core branch and the outer shell branch was obtained based on the actual measurement and calibration of the initial water test irrigation.

[0011] Preferably, the process of pre-calculating the water consumption of the section with the broken shell in the replacement module includes: The volumetric integral is performed on the effective wetting width, target control thickness, section length, and the difference between the core point moisture content and the shell point moisture content before irrigation in the physical parameters of the section. The source-texture difference is introduced as a salinity compensation multiplier to perform correction, and the water consumption of the generated section is calculated.

[0012] Preferably, the process of generating quotas and monitoring flow rates by the shell replacement module includes: Based on the proportion of water consumption of a section of broken shell to the total water consumption of all sections of broken shell in the covered section list, the old water volume is discretely allocated to generate old water quota for the section. The cumulative water volume of the outer casing branch is obtained in real time by using a physical flow meter or a virtual flow calculation model. The virtual flow calculation model is based on the hydraulic model of the constant pressure pipe network and the opening duration of the valve in the outer casing section.

[0013] Preferably, the process of the shell replacement module performing the core replenishment action includes: Calculate the difference between the baseline core point moisture content and the core point moisture content before irrigation replacement. Perform volume integration calculation on the difference between the baseline core point moisture content and the core point moisture content before irrigation replacement, along with the effective wetting width of the core branch, the target root layer control thickness, and the section length, to generate the section supplementary core water consumption. When the difference between the baseline moisture content and the moisture content of the pre-renewal moisture content is less than or equal to zero, the supplementary water consumption for the section will be forcibly assigned to zero. The water consumption for supplementing the core in a section is used as the cumulative water consumption threshold that triggers the closure of the core section valve when performing the supplementary action.

[0014] Preferably, the process by which the through-reset module determines the salt crust rupture includes: The infiltration redistribution time delay is set based on the hydrodynamic parameters of the soil texture of the target zone site to ensure that water reaches a relative equilibrium under the influence of soil matrix potential and gravitational potential. When the retested shell point conductivity of the corresponding section is less than or equal to the retested core point conductivity of the corresponding section, the salt crust spatial structure is determined to be broken, and the corresponding section is marked as open.

[0015] Preferably, the process of the through-reset module executing the evolutionary overwrite mechanism includes: The effective penetration coefficient of the belt is calculated by dividing the number of segments assigned the segment opening mark by the number of segments assigned the effective segment covering mark. When the number of corresponding segments marked with effective segment coverage is zero, the effective penetration coefficient of the belt is assigned to 100%. For the corresponding segment that has been assigned the segment opening mark, update the control status field in the tape status table, and use the retested core point moisture content to overwrite the baseline core point moisture content in the tape status table.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages: This proposed solution presents an integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid regions. It constructs a dual-node sensing architecture with coordinated center and periphery sensing. By simultaneously assessing the spatial gradient differences in moisture content and electrical conductivity, it accurately captures the hidden envelopment of the low-salt core area by a high-salt compaction layer. Based on this, the system completely abandons the conventional uniform whole-area water supply model, spatially decoupling the irrigation network into independently operating core and outer shell branches. When the system detects the presence of high-salt barriers on the periphery, it prioritizes water injection into the outer shell branches for targeted salt leaching. This spatially directional intervention fundamentally dismantles the continuous water-blocking interface formed by salt accumulation, effectively reconstructing the water transport channels from the water supply center to the active root layer on the periphery, and completely solving the hidden stress problem of localized moisture content meeting standards but actual plant water shortage.

[0017] To further enhance the spatial regulation effect, this invention introduces a water source temporal decoupling and discrete quota allocation mechanism. The system strictly follows the logic of first breaking down the outer layer and then replenishing the center, precisely matching the salinity difference between stagnant old water and newly generated water within the pipeline network with the soil desalination requirements. In the water volume calculation stage, the microprocessor integrates spatial geometry and water deficit gradients into volume integral calculations, dynamically generating precise water supply quotas for different pipeline sections, thus eliminating the risk of secondary salinization caused by over-irrigation. After a single irrigation redistribution, the system autonomously compares the conductivity reversal between nodes to verify the effectiveness of the compacted layer rupture, and extracts the moisture content data of successfully connected areas to adaptively overwrite the global state baseline. This evolutionary closed-loop control logic enables irrigation decisions to dynamically and adaptively iterate according to the spatial distribution of soil salinity, significantly improving the survival quality of plants and the long-term stability of the ecosystem under extreme water scarcity conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system execution flow of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 2 This application provides an integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas, including a source pattern receiving module, a shell domain delineation module, a shell breakage replacement module, and a through-and-reset module; Among them, the source pattern receiving module receives the water source switching command for the band body index i. The controller maintains the current open state of the main water supply switching valve and sends a lockout command to the entire set of sections in the band body to forcibly close or confirm the closure of all core section valves. With the shell section valve After receiving feedback signals indicating that the valves in each section are closed, the controller opens the inlet valve of the receiving water chamber. Residual old water in the main pipeline is then directed into the receiving water chamber by the venting power source. The controller closes the inlet valve of the receiving water chamber upon receiving any of the following trigger conditions: zero flow velocity signal from the pipeline flow meter, flow velocity attenuation rate below the set attenuation threshold, or a full load signal from the receiving water chamber. The actual volume of old water collected in the receiving water chamber is recorded. This serves as the basis for calculating the subsequent irrigation quota for the belt or the amount of salt crust washing and dewatering.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the source-feeding module relies on a bypass stainless steel receiving chamber connected in parallel to the main water supply pipe at the hardware level. When the system triggers a water source switch, the controller first locks all end solenoid valves with body index i, and discharges old water into the receiving chamber through the residual hydrostatic pressure of the main pipeline until the air pressure sensor at the top of the pipeline detects cavitation risk or the flow rate returns to zero. The first detection unit uses a pluggable four-electrode conductivity probe to capture the conductivity fluctuations of the water source before and after the switch in real time.

[0023] Specifically, both the core section valve and the outer shell section valve are electromagnetically driven regulating valves with signal self-feedback function. The core section valve is installed on the core branch at the end of the drip irrigation network, and the outer shell section valve is installed on the outer shell branch at the end of the drip irrigation network. Complete blocking of the water path at the end ensures that residual fluid in the network has no leakage path to the soil area during the old water transfer phase, thus creating a water quality switching isolation window. The attenuation threshold is set based on the critical pressure fluctuation difference of the water-air two-phase flow at the end of the drainage period.

[0024] It should be noted that the receiving water chamber is connected in parallel to the main water supply trunk line as a bypass, and an automatic air venting and pressure relief channel is integrated at the top of the receiving water chamber. The upper limit of the internal volume of the receiving water chamber is not less than the total static water volume of the corresponding main and branch pipe network. The power source for venting is selected from the residual static water potential energy of the pipeline, the front-end air pressure thrust, or the end-end mechanical negative pressure. The pipeline flow meter is installed at the trunk line node between the main water supply inlet of the belt and the inlet actuator valve of the receiving water chamber.

[0025] After the old water is intercepted, the main water supply switching valve activates, and new water flows into the main pipeline and monitoring points. Before the old water is received, the first monitoring unit extracts the conductivity of the steady-state flowing old water source. When the new water source is abundant and the range of continuous sampling values ​​output by the head detection unit within the set time window is lower than the steady-state fluctuation threshold, or after the set forced extraction timeout period is reached, the head detection unit extracts the conductivity of the new water source. The first detection unit is located downstream of the main water supply switching valve and adjacent to the distribution hub section of the pipeline network to ensure that the extracted water sample is taken from a stable flow of fresh water. The system microprocessor calculates the source ripple difference. The calculation formula is: Specifically, the calculation result of this formula is defined as the normalized ratio.

[0026] Specifically, under the condition that the expected water source types have similar ionic compositions, the soluble salt load is linearly characterized by conductivity. Furthermore, if the system determines that there is a significant difference in the ionic composition between the old and new water source types, the microprocessor calls a pre-set ion equivalent conversion coefficient matrix (i.e., ion weight compensation matrix) to perform nonlinear weight compensation on the conductivity of the old and new water sources before substituting it into the calculation model for the source-ripple difference. Under the condition of homogeneous water sources, the formula... Characterizing the original conductivity of the old water source, Characterizing the original conductivity of the new water source; after compensation is performed under heterogeneous water source conditions, the formula... and The corresponding update is the equivalent salt-causing load scalar value generated after nonlinear weight compensation. Source ripple difference. This is a normalized dimensionless parameter with a value range from -1 to +1. The system's judgment condition is: when the source-source difference is greater than zero, the dissolved salt load of the new water source increases; when the source-source difference is less than or equal to zero, the dissolved salt load of the new water source decreases or remains unchanged. When the denominator of the formula is detected to be less than the set minimum positive threshold or when a sensor disconnection alarm is triggered, the controller locks the water quality judgment logic and outputs an exception code.

[0027] It should be further explained that the nonlinear weight compensation for the ion equivalent conversion coefficient matrix is ​​a correction mechanism designed to overcome the difference in molar conductivity among different salts. Because different dominant ion types (such as chloride, sulfate, or carbonate) in natural water sources correspond to different ion mobilities, the macroscopic water conductivity of different salt solutions with the same mass concentration exhibits a significant nonlinear deviation. The ion weight compensation matrix is ​​specifically an N×M dimensional digital array containing nonlinear mapping coefficients between conductivity and actual salt load under different dominant salt types. Specifically, each row of this matrix corresponds to a predefined water source hydrochemical type index (e.g., index 1 represents sulfate-dominant type, index 2 represents chloride-dominant type, etc.), and each column of the matrix contains high-order nonlinear polynomial fitting coefficients (such as first-order coefficients) corresponding to the water quality type. coefficient of quadratic term wait).

[0028] During nonlinear weight compensation, the system microprocessor receives manually preset or host computer-generated indexes of old and new water source quality types, and retrieves the corresponding row coefficient vector from the ion weight compensation matrix; subsequently, the microprocessor uses the scalar conductivity E (i.e., the water quality type index of the old and new water sources) collected by the head detection unit. or Mathematical expansion includes The input vector is multiplied by the called row coefficient vector, thereby nonlinearly mapping a single conductivity scalar to a compensated true salt-causing mass load scalar value.

[0029] The specific coefficient values ​​within the ion weighting compensation matrix are pre-determined offline based on historical water quality and hydrological data of the target irrigation area or indoor standard solution titration experiments, and are stored in the system's microprocessor memory. This dimension reduction compensation mechanism based on matrix multiplication ensures the source ripple difference... It can accurately and equivalently reflect the real differences in salinity load between new and old water sources, and avoids sensor linear reading distortion when switching between different water sources from the underlying logic.

[0030] It should be noted that the source pattern difference The fractional structure algorithm is an anti-disturbance model designed for harsh working conditions. The difference calculation at the numerator directly filters out the absolute zero-point drift of the sensor probe caused by fouling, ensuring highly accurate polarity direction determination; the summation and ratio calculation at the denominator effectively offset the same-direction linear proportional gain error caused by drastic changes in ambient temperature. The calculation output based on polarity determination rather than absolute values ​​provides a highly robust decision indicator for the timing allocation of subsequent salt crust breaking actions.

[0031] The shell domain delineation module is triggered after the source ripple receiving module locks the difference between the received old water volume and the source ripple. The controller synchronously collects moisture and salinity data at the core and shell points of each segment within the entire set of segments in index i. The microprocessor compares the size relationship between the core and shell point data within each segment to determine whether segment index j satisfies the spatial distribution constraint of internal moisture and external salinity. If the constraint is satisfied, the microprocessor assigns a valid segment coverage mark to the corresponding segment index j. The corresponding segments that have been assigned valid segment coverage markers are then compiled to generate a coverage segment list. In this embodiment, the geometric dimensions and moisture state parameters of each segment used for calculation and control are collectively referred to as segment physical parameters. Subsequently, the microprocessor calculates the coverage length of the belt based on the coverage segment list and the basic geometric dimensions of each segment. The output is used as a global physical parameter to assess the severity of salt crust coating on the target body.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the crustal region delineation module acquires data through a sensor matrix embedded at different radial locations within the root zone. The first type of soil sensor node is embedded in the moist core region, 20cm to 40cm directly below the dripper; the second type of soil sensor node is embedded at the edge of the moist front, approximately 30cm laterally from the dripper. When the system microprocessor detects that the conductivity of the crustal points before irrigation is significantly higher than that of the core points before irrigation, and the core points still maintain high moisture content, it determines that a typical salt crust-covered structure exists in the target area.

[0033] Specifically, the core data acquisition source is a type-1 soil sensor node buried directly below the dripper in the moist core area of ​​the core branch. The shell data acquisition source is a type-2 soil sensor node buried at the junction of the transverse moist outer edge of the core branch and the active root layer of the target tree species, as determined by the test irrigation with clean water. The specific engineering acquisition method based on the test irrigation with clean water is as follows: During the initialization phase before the system is officially put into operation, a representative section is selected to perform a single routine drip irrigation with the rated flow rate of clean water; after irrigation, the spatial geometric coordinates of the maximum lateral moist front envelope surface under the current soil texture structure are measured and recorded using ground-penetrating radar scanning, time-domain reflectometry 3D grid dense interpolation, or physical profile excavation. These spatial geometric coordinates are used to determine the location of the shell sensor and extract the effective transverse moist width of the shell branch. The baseline data ensures that the microscopic calculation parameters are accurately matched with the macroscopic water and soil flow field.

[0034] The controller continuously collects multiple sets of basic data and extracts the median within a set data filtering time window to generate the core point moisture content before irrigation. , moisture content of the shell before irrigation Conductivity of the core point before irrigation and shell point conductivity before refilling The microprocessor performs conditional judgment logic when traversing segment index j: If the core point moisture content before irrigation is greater than the set effective maintenance threshold, and simultaneously satisfies the conditions that the core point moisture content before irrigation is greater than the shell point moisture content before irrigation, and the shell point conductivity before irrigation is greater than the core point conductivity before irrigation, then the segment coverage flag is assigned as one; otherwise, the segment coverage flag is assigned as zero. (Strip coverage length) The calculation formula is: In the formula, Characterizes the total number of segments in the band index i. The segment index j represents the actual laying segment length. The microprocessor converts the local root region's microscopic water-salt imbalance state into an addressable macroscopic geometric length object through discrete summation operations.

[0035] It should be noted that the shell domain delineation module adopts a relative comparison rather than a fixed empirical threshold algorithm architecture, which is an adaptive judgment model constructed for the spatial heterogeneity of complex soil matrices in arid regions. The relative magnitude of water and salt directly filters out systematic sensing baseline drift caused by drastic changes in initial soil bulk density or baseline salinity, ensuring high robustness in determining the spatial structure of the wet core enveloping the salt crust. To prevent logical deadlocks caused by hardware disconnections or mud-water envelopment short circuits in the underlying sensor network, the system microprocessor has a built-in global anomaly bypass mechanism. When any node's collected variable is detected to have reached the set minimum positive dead zone lower limit, or when the communication delay of any type of soil sensor node exceeds the set forced extraction timeout limit, the microprocessor forcibly sets the segment envelopment mark of the corresponding segment to zero and reports an anomaly code to the control terminal, ensuring that the remaining healthy segments at the belt level can continue to execute the subsequent shell replacement process.

[0036] The shell replacement module is triggered after the shell domain description module generates the coverage segment list. The microprocessor extracts all corresponding segments in the coverage segment list that have been assigned valid coverage tags. To prevent disorderly extraction of old water by the front-end segments, before executing the valve control action, the microprocessor pre-calculates the theoretical water demand of the total shell of the belt (i.e., the sum of the water demand of all shell breaks in the coverage segment list) based on a discrete summation model, and discretizes the old water volume output by the source pattern receiving module according to volume weight to generate a segment old water quota specific to the corresponding segment index j. The volumetric weight is set to the pre-calculated water consumption of the section fracture. The ratio of the theoretical water demand of the total outer shell of the belt to the total water demand of the belt. When it is determined that the theoretical water demand of the total outer shell of the belt is less than the set minimum positive threshold, the microprocessor terminates the old water quota allocation action and directly executes the full-belt conventional core drip irrigation.

[0037] Subsequently, the controller breaks down the asymmetric shell replacement operation into two phases: cluster reception and independent replacement, based on the list of covered sections. In the cluster reception phase, the controller simultaneously opens all shell section valves within the covered section list, prioritizing the injection of temporarily stored old water from the receiving water chamber into each shell branch in parallel. The controller independently polls the section flow monitoring equipment at high frequency. This equipment includes physical section flow meters or virtual flow metering modules based on the headstock flow meter, a constant pressure network hydraulic model, and valve opening time calculations. When the cumulative water volume of any target section reaches the corresponding old water quota, the controller immediately closes the corresponding shell section valve to perform a dynamic pre-closure action. After the sum of the cumulative water volumes in each shell branch reaches the received old water volume, the independent replacement phase begins. In the independent replacement phase, the main water supply switching valve introduces the standby new water, and the controller iterates through each section index j to compensate for the remaining shell water supply gap with new water. When the cumulative water volume of the corresponding section reaches the shell shutdown threshold, the controller closes the corresponding shell section valve and simultaneously opens the corresponding core section valve to perform a core replenishment operation. The water supply route of the core section valve is entirely handled by the new water to be used. When it is confirmed that the cumulative water volume of the core section valve has reached the core shutdown threshold, the controller performs a shutdown operation and outputs a list of broken shell sections, driving the belt index i to enter the through-test waiting state.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the shell-breaking and water-replacing module is implemented using an asymmetrically deployed dual-line drip irrigation network. The core pipeline is located at the very center of the tree pit, while the outer shell pipeline is divided into two parallel branches, located 25cm to 35cm from the trunk. When performing the shell-breaking action, the microprocessor sends a command to the end solenoid valve via the fieldbus to open only the outer shell branch. This utilizes the lateral thrust generated by the old water to wash away the salt accumulated at the edge of the root zone, preventing new water from directly entering the wet core and causing the salt to be squeezed towards the center.

[0039] Specifically, the shell shutdown threshold is the water consumption of the section where the shell is broken. The kernel shutdown threshold is the water consumption for segment-based kernel replenishment. The microprocessor combines source waveform interpolation. Pre-calculated water consumption of the section with broken shell The calculation formula is: In the formula, The actual laying length (i.e., segment length) of segment index j represents the segment index j. The effective lateral wetting width of the outer shell branch is characterized based on the actual measurement and calibration obtained from the water irrigation test. Characterizes the target control thickness of the soil layer covered by the corresponding shell point sensor; and All values ​​are strictly defined as volumetric water content. The formula for calculating water consumption in the fractured section is obtained through... Factor introduction of salinity adaptive compensation: when the source difference value At that time, the microprocessor automatically amplifies the washing quota to counteract the reduction in rinsing efficiency caused by high-salinity fresh water; when the source difference is less than or equal to zero, the basic volume difference computing power is maintained. Specifically, this calculation process is a volume integral operation on the water deficit space based on the physical parameters of the section.

[0040] Sectional supplementary water consumption The calculation formula is: In the formula, Characterizing the effective wetting width of the kernel branch laterally. Characterize the thickness of the target root layer controlled by the core point sensor. The system characterizes the pre-set crop agronomic water requirement baseline volumetric moisture content. When determining... When the value is less than or equal to zero, the microprocessor forcibly assigns a value to the segment for supplementary water consumption. It is zero.

[0041] It should be noted that the asymmetric scheduling architecture implemented by the shell-breaking and recharge module, which prioritizes the outer shell and prohibits old water from entering the core, is a core technology that overcomes the bottlenecks of conventional uniform recharge techniques. The two-stage execution sequence ensures that residual fluids within the pipeline network do not cause cross-contamination. The dynamic pre-closing mechanism in the cluster takeover phase utilizes the adaptive transfer of pipeline head pressure to completely overcome the water-stealing effect caused by hydraulic friction along parallel branches, ensuring precise spatial allocation of limited old water quotas. To prevent blockage of flow meters in certain sections leading to prolonged open lockouts, the microprocessor configures independent forced shutdown timeout parameters for the outer shell and core section valves. When the continuous opening time of any section valve is detected to reach the timeout parameter, the controller issues a hardware-level lockout command and reports an over-limit exception code. The asymmetric scheduling architecture, combined with dual-time isolation and the dynamic pre-closing mechanism, stably transforms the old water in the pipeline network from a potential source of osmotic pressure threat into the eluent for the shell-breaking process, significantly reducing the risk of root salt stress caused by water source switching in arid areas.

[0042] The through-reset module is triggered after the shell-breaking and refilling module completes and drives the belt index i into the through-retest waiting state. The microprocessor extracts the list of covered sections from the belt status table. After a set infiltration redistribution delay, it instructs the underlying sensor network to re-collect the moisture and salinity status data of each section index j within the covered section list. The microprocessor compares the spatial distribution relationship of the core point and shell point salinity data obtained from the retest to assess whether the internally moist and externally saline covered structure of section index j has achieved substantial rupture. Based on the assessment results, the microprocessor assigns a section shell-opening mark to the corresponding section index j. Subsequently, the microprocessor uses the segment open-shell markers. Effective segment coverage markers generated by the shell domain delineation module Calculate the effective penetration coefficient of the band index i. And according to the section shell opening mark Synchronously update the control status field and baseline core point moisture content in the belt status table. Complete the closed-loop reset of the water source switching cycle with body index i.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the reset data of the through-reset module is stored in the controller's non-volatile memory. After the shell-breaking and irrigation replacement action is completed and the infiltration redistribution delay ends, the microprocessor re-polles the underlying sensor network nodes. If the re-measured shell point conductivity drops to or below the re-measured core point conductivity, the system updates the corresponding segment marker in the status table from "shell-breaking pending" to "normal maintenance," and uses the re-measured core point moisture content as the agronomic reference starting point for the next round of irrigation.

[0044] Specifically, within a set data filtering time window after the infiltration redistribution delay ends, the underlying sensor network continuously collects basic data from the first and second type soil sensor nodes at the same location and extracts the median to generate the moisture content of the retest core point. Retesting the moisture content at the shell point Retesting the conductivity of the core points And retesting the shell point conductivity The microprocessor iterates through the segment index j in the list of covered segments and executes the salt polarity reversal judgment logic: when the retested shell point conductivity of the corresponding segment index j is less than or equal to the retested core point conductivity, it is determined that the salt shell spatial structure has been broken, and the segment is marked as open-shell with a value of one; otherwise, it is determined that the salt shell has not been completely washed away, and the segment is marked as open-shell with a value of zero. Effective penetration coefficient of the band. The calculation formula is: In the formula, the numerator represents the number of sections whose salt crust was successfully broken, and the denominator represents the total number of sections to be broken at the beginning of this water source switching cycle. When determining the denominator... When the coefficient is zero, the microprocessor skips the pass-through coefficient. The calculation action directly determines the effective penetration coefficient of the belt. The value is set to 100%, and it is determined that the belt does not need to be reset. For the corresponding section where the shell opening mark is equal to one, the microprocessor updates the control status of the corresponding section in the belt status table to the normal maintenance status, and overwrites the retested core point moisture content with the baseline core point moisture content in the belt status table; for the corresponding section where the shell opening mark is equal to zero, the microprocessor updates the control status of the corresponding section in the belt status table to the shell breakage pending status, maintains the original baseline core point moisture content unchanged, and reserves it for the next water source switching cycle to prioritize calling the shell section valve to perform the secondary shell breakage action.

[0045] It should be noted that the through-and-reset module upgrades unidirectional open-loop irrigation to closed-loop control based on changes in the physical structure. Setting an infiltration redistribution delay ensures that the water injected by the crust-breaking and re-irrigation module can fully overcome the soil matrix potential and complete spatial redistribution, avoiding noise from unstable transient hydraulic fronts collected by the microprocessor. Furthermore, the infiltration redistribution delay is a time variable dynamically tuned based on the hydrodynamic parameters of the target zone's soil texture. The lower limit of the infiltration redistribution delay must be greater than the main dissipation cycle of gravitational water in the current soil texture (such as sand, loam, or clay), and the upper limit must be less than the critical point of irreversible drought stress wilting in plant roots. This tuning mechanism allows the through-and-re-measurement action to accurately target the stable observation window where the soil matrix potential and gravitational potential reach a relative balance, improving the engineering reliability of the salt crust rupture assessment index. By abandoning the water inversion judgment and solely anchoring the salt polarity reversal judgment logic, false crust rupture misjudgments caused by excessive water replenishment to the crust are completely avoided. Simultaneously, an evolutionary overwrite mechanism was constructed for the benchmark core point moisture content overwrite action of successfully opened sections. Since the soil porosity and root water absorption microenvironment have undergone irreversible reshaping after severe salt crust solidification and elution, the overwrite mechanism allows the control center to capture and calibrate the new steady state of the soil and root complex in real time, avoiding ineffective irrigation methods. To prevent hardware disconnection or communication timeouts in the underlying sensor network during the retesting phase, which could lead to deadlock in the state table update, the system microprocessor has a built-in reset bypass mechanism. When any node's retesting variable is detected to reach the set minimum positive dead zone lower limit, or the communication delay exceeds the set forced extraction timeout limit, the microprocessor forcibly sets the corresponding section's open-shell marker to zero, maintaining the open-shell pending state and reporting an exception code to the control terminal, ensuring the system executes a conservative reset strategy in the event of extreme hardware failure.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical methods of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical methods of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas, comprising a main pipeline, core branch pipelines, outer branch pipelines, a water receiving chamber, and a controller, wherein the core branch pipelines and outer branch pipelines are respectively equipped with core section valves and outer section valves, characterized in that, The controller is configured to perform: The source pattern receiving module is used to lock the core section valve and the outer shell section valve, guide the old water source retained in the main pipeline to the receiving water chamber, extract the conductivity of the old water source and the conductivity of the new water source to calculate the source pattern difference, and record the volume of the old water received. The process by which the source pattern receiving module calculates the source pattern difference is as follows: If the new water source and the old water source are determined to be of the same type, the source pattern receiving module calculates the difference between the conductivity of the new water source and the conductivity of the old water source, divides it by the sum of the conductivity of the new water source and the conductivity of the old water source, and directly generates the source pattern difference value. When it is determined that the new water source and the old water source are heterogeneous water sources, the source pattern receiving module calls the preset ion weight compensation matrix to perform nonlinear weight compensation on the conductivity of the old water source and the conductivity of the new water source respectively to generate the corresponding equivalent conductivity. Then, the difference between the equivalent conductivity of the new water source and the equivalent conductivity of the old water source is calculated and divided by the sum of the two to generate the source pattern difference value. The shell domain delineation module is used to collect the core point moisture content, shell point moisture content, core point conductivity, and shell point conductivity before irrigation. By comparing and determining the spatial distribution constraints of internal moisture and external salinity, it assigns effective segment coverage marks to the corresponding segments and generates a list of covered segments. The shell-breaking and water-replacing module is used to pre-calculate the water consumption of the section by combining the source difference and the section physical parameters. It also uses volume weight to discretely allocate the old water volume to generate the old water quota for the section. The outer shell section valve is opened to schedule the old water in the receiving water chamber to be injected into the outer shell branch. When the cumulative water volume reaches the old water quota for the section, a dynamic first-close action is performed. Then, new water is introduced and the core section valve is opened to perform the core replenishment action. The process of pre-calculating the water consumption of the section with the broken shell in the replacement irrigation module is as follows: The volume integral is performed on the effective wetting width, target control thickness, section length, and the difference between the core point moisture content and the shell point moisture content before irrigation in the physical parameters of the section. The source difference is introduced as a salinity compensation multiplier to perform correction, and the water consumption of the generated section is calculated. The penetration reset module is used to assign a section opening mark by comparing the retested shell point conductivity with the retested core point conductivity after a set infiltration redistribution time delay. Based on the section opening mark and the effective section coverage mark, the effective penetration coefficient of the belt is calculated, and the control status field and the benchmark core point moisture content in the belt status table are updated.

2. The integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core branch and the outer shell branch form an asymmetrically arranged bi-line drip irrigation network, including: The kernel branch is located at the very center of the tree hole, and the outer shell branch is divided into two parallel branches on the left and right. The receiving water chamber is connected in parallel to the main pipeline of the belt body in a bypass manner, and the top of the receiving water chamber integrates an automatic air venting and pressure relief channel; A first-class soil sensor node is configured to be buried in the moist core area directly below the dripper of the core branch as the core point data acquisition source, and a second-class soil sensor node is configured to be buried at the junction of the transverse moist outer edge of the core branch and the active root layer of the target tree species as the shell point data acquisition source.

3. The integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The criteria used by the shell domain delineation module to determine the spatial distribution constraints of the inner wet and outer saline areas include: When the following conditions are met simultaneously: the core point moisture content before irrigation is greater than the set effective maintenance threshold, the core point moisture content before irrigation is greater than the shell point moisture content before irrigation, and the shell point conductivity before irrigation is greater than the core point conductivity before irrigation, the corresponding section is determined to meet the spatial distribution constraint of internal moisture and external salinity.

4. The integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of extracting the calculation basis by the shell domain delineation module includes: The effective lateral wetting width of the core branch and the outer shell branch was obtained based on the actual measurement and calibration of the initial water test irrigation.

5. The integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of generating quotas and monitoring flow rates for the broken-shell replacement module includes: Based on the proportion of water consumption of a section of broken shell to the total water consumption of all sections of broken shell in the covered section list, the volume of old water to be received is discretely allocated to generate old water quota for the section. The cumulative water volume of the outer casing branch is obtained in real time by using a physical flow meter or a virtual flow calculation model. The virtual flow calculation model is based on the hydraulic model of the constant pressure pipe network and the opening duration of the valve in the outer casing section.

6. The integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of the core replenishment action performed by the shell replacement module includes: Calculate the difference between the baseline core point moisture content and the core point moisture content before irrigation replacement. Perform volume integration calculation on the difference between the baseline core point moisture content and the core point moisture content before irrigation replacement, along with the effective wetting width of the core branch, the target root layer control thickness, and the section length, to generate the section supplementary core water consumption. When the difference between the baseline moisture content and the moisture content of the pre-renewal moisture content is less than or equal to zero, the supplementary water consumption for the section will be forcibly assigned to zero. The water consumption for supplementing the core in a section is used as the cumulative water consumption threshold that triggers the closure of the core section valve when performing the supplementary action.

7. The integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process by which the through-reset module determines the salt crust fracture includes: The infiltration redistribution time delay is set based on the hydrodynamic parameters of the soil texture of the target zone site to ensure that water reaches a relative equilibrium under the influence of soil matrix potential and gravitational potential. When the retested shell point conductivity of the corresponding section is less than or equal to the retested core point conductivity of the corresponding section, the salt crust spatial structure is determined to be broken, and the corresponding section is marked as open.

8. The integrated drip irrigation system for shelterbelts in arid areas according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process of the through-reset module executing the evolutionary overwrite mechanism includes: The effective penetration coefficient of the belt is calculated by dividing the number of segments assigned the segment opening mark by the number of segments assigned the effective segment covering mark. When the number of corresponding segments marked with effective segment coverage is zero, the effective penetration coefficient of the belt is assigned to 100%. For the corresponding segment that has been assigned the segment opening mark, update the control status field in the tape status table, and use the retested core point moisture content to overwrite the baseline core point moisture content in the tape status table.

Images