Structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, a preparation method and application thereof, comprising a polymethyl methacrylate matrix and temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules, the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules are uniformly dispersed in the polymethyl methacrylate matrix, and the mass fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules is 0.01-0.2% of the mass of the polymethyl methacrylate matrix. The PMMA material prepared by the present application has temperature-responsive function while maintaining good structural stability, thereby realizing optical measurement of temperature distribution of a flow channel wall surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, and in particular to a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, its preparation method, and its applications. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of thermal engineering and related engineering, accurately obtaining the temperature distribution on the flow channel wall is crucial for evaluating heat transfer performance, optimizing cooling structures, and studying heat transfer mechanisms. Especially in visualized flow experiments, achieving high spatial resolution temperature field measurement without disturbing the original flow field has always been a key challenge in engineering testing.

[0003] Currently, commonly used temperature measurement methods are divided into two categories: contact and non-contact. Contact methods, including thermocouples and thermistors, are technically mature, but their probes need to be inserted into the flow field, inevitably altering the local flow state; in cases of high flow velocity or significant temperature gradients, additional errors may also be introduced. Obtaining a two-dimensional temperature field requires a large array of sensors, making the system complex and costly. Non-contact methods include infrared thermography. While infrared thermography can achieve surface measurement, its results depend on surface emissivity, are sensitive to material conditions and environmental factors, and are difficult to reflect the temperature distribution and spatial variation characteristics of the internal walls of complex flow channels.

[0004] Based on this, temperature-sensitive paint (TSP) technology, as an optical temperature measurement method, has been widely used in near-wall temperature field measurement. This method involves coating temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules onto the surface being measured. Under excitation at a specific wavelength, the emission signal changes with temperature, and after calibration, a two-dimensional temperature field inversion can be achieved. Compared with traditional sensors, this technology has the advantages of being non-invasive, having high spatial resolution, and being applicable to complex curved surfaces, making it of significant application value in experimental fluid mechanics and heat transfer research.

[0005] However, existing optical temperature measurement technologies based on surface coatings are inherently surface-coated structures. Fluorescent probe molecules are confined to the coating and require adhesion to the substrate, presenting inherent limitations in fluid flow environments: when the coating directly contacts the fluid, it is susceptible to erosion, swelling, or aging, leading to fluorescence signal attenuation or even stripping, making it difficult to meet the requirements for long-term stable measurement. To avoid coating failure, protective layers or isolation structures are typically required, but this increases structural complexity and may affect measurement accuracy. Furthermore, while some improved solutions optimize sensitivity or response speed, they sacrifice process stability or material structural integrity, making it difficult to balance engineering practicality. Therefore, existing temperature measurement technologies struggle to simultaneously meet the comprehensive requirements of high spatial resolution, non-invasiveness, and long-term direct contact with the fluid in flow channel wall temperature measurement.

[0006] Based on the above problems, there is an urgent need to develop a structural integrated material that combines structural load-bearing and temperature response functions, so that it can be directly used as the flow channel wall or observation window, and achieve reliable optical measurement of the temperature distribution on the inner wall of the flow channel while maintaining good mechanical and chemical stability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, its preparation method and application. The prepared PMMA material maintains good structural stability while possessing temperature response function, thereby enabling optical measurement of the temperature distribution on the flow channel wall.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material comprising a polymethyl methacrylate matrix and temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules, wherein the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules are uniformly dispersed in the polymethyl methacrylate matrix, and the mass fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules is 0.01-0.2% of the mass of the polymethyl methacrylate matrix.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule is a ruthenium complex with fluorescence temperature response characteristics.

[0010] Preferably, the ruthenium complex includes one or more of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex, tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) complex, and dichlorobis(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex.

[0011] Preferably, the polymethyl methacrylate matrix is ​​formed by bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomers.

[0012] This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, comprising the following steps: S1. After distilling the methyl methacrylate monomer, add the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule and stir to form a homogeneous solution. S2. Add the free radical initiator to the homogeneous solution of S1 and mix well to carry out the prepolymerization reaction until the homogeneous solution is transformed into a prepolymer slurry with syrup-like fluidity. S3. Inject the prepolymer slurry from S2 into the mold and perform segmented heating polymerization to obtain the polymerized and cured material. S4. After cooling the polymerized and cured material from S3 to room temperature, anneal it to obtain a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material.

[0013] Preferably, the free radical initiator in S2 includes one or more of benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, lauroyl peroxide, and dicumyl peroxide, and the amount of free radical initiator added is 0.02-0.1 wt% of the mass of methyl methacrylate monomer.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature of the prepolymerization reaction in S2 is 80-85℃.

[0015] Preferably, the segmented heating polymerization in S3 is carried out as follows: first, the temperature is maintained at 40-60℃ for 12-24 hours; then the temperature is increased to 90-100℃ and maintained for 2-4 hours.

[0016] Application of a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material in flow channel wall temperature measurement.

[0017] Preferably, the flow channel wall temperature measurement includes directly contacting the flow channel wall or observation window with the fluid using a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material as the flow channel structural component, and realizing the optical measurement of the flow channel wall temperature distribution by collecting the luminescence signal of temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules.

[0018] Therefore, the present invention, employing the above-mentioned structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, its preparation method, and its application, has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention disperses temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules inside the PMMA matrix, enabling the material to have temperature response capability as a whole. It no longer relies on surface coating structure and can be used as a flow channel structure to directly contact the fluid, avoiding the problem of traditional temperature-sensitive coatings easily falling off in liquid environments. (2) The structural temperature-responsive PMMA material of the present invention has both mechanical structural bearing capacity and temperature sensing capability, and can be used as a flow channel wall or observation window to realize the integrated design of structure and sensing function. (3) The structural temperature-responsive PMMA material of the present invention is suitable for measuring the wall temperature field in visual flow experiments and phase change heat transfer experiments, and can realize optical temperature measurement with high spatial resolution. (4) The structural temperature-responsive PMMA material of the present invention has high light transmittance and can be combined with an optical measurement system to realize high spatial resolution temperature field measurement in visual flow experiments.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the parallel microchannels constructed in this invention; Figure 2 1-1 in the diagram refers to the top cover plate. Figure 2 1-2 in the text refers to the channel wall. Figure 2 1-3 in the diagram refers to the lower wall panel; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the temperature calibration curve of the structural temperature-response PMMA material of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the temperature distribution of the wall panel along the flow direction under different heating power conditions according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fluorescence changes of the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material of the present invention under different working conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should be understood in their ordinary sense by those skilled in the art. The features mentioned above or in the specific examples mentioned in this invention can be combined arbitrarily, and these specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0022] A structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, characterized in that it comprises a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix and temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules, wherein the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules are uniformly dispersed in the PMMA matrix, and the mass fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules is 0.01-0.2% of the mass of the PMMA matrix.

[0023] This invention introduces temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules into a PMMA matrix through bulk dispersion, giving the resulting material an overall temperature-responsive function.

[0024] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule is 0.03-0.08% of the mass of the polymethyl methacrylate matrix. The present invention controls the amount of temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule within the above range, ensuring the sensitivity of temperature measurement without significantly affecting the integrity of the material structure. If the amount is too low, it may lead to insufficient signal intensity, and if the amount is too high, it may affect the PMMA polymerization process and the mechanical properties of the material.

[0025] Preferably, the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule is a ruthenium complex with fluorescence temperature response characteristics.

[0026] Preferably, the ruthenium complex includes one or more of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex, tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) complex, and dichlorobis(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex.

[0027] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex is tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) dichloride, the tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) complex is tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium dichloride, and the dichlorobis(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex is cis-dichlorobis(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) dihydrate.

[0028] The ruthenium complex selected in this invention has good fluorescence temperature response characteristics, high photostability and repeatable temperature quenching behavior. As a temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule, it enables the prepared structured temperature-responsive PMMA material to produce a stable and sensitive fluorescence intensity response when the temperature changes, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of optical measurement of flow channel wall temperature.

[0029] Preferably, the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix is ​​formed by bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomers. In this invention, the MMA monomers are distilled before polymerization to remove polymerization inhibitors, thereby improving the controllability of the polymerization reaction and the purity of the material. The resulting PMMA matrix has good optical transparency, mechanical strength, and chemical stability, and can be processed to form flow channel structure walls or transparent observation windows for direct contact with fluids.

[0030] The above-mentioned method for preparing a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material includes the following steps: S1. After distilling the methyl methacrylate monomer, add a temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule and stir to form a homogeneous solution. Distillation is performed to remove the polymerization inhibitor. The distilled MMA monomer is then sealed and stored, and brought to room temperature before use.

[0031] S2. Add the free radical initiator to the homogeneous solution of S1 and mix thoroughly to carry out the prepolymerization reaction until the homogeneous solution transforms into a prepolymer slurry with syrupy flowability. When the viscosity of the homogeneous solution changes from a low-viscosity liquid to a viscous state with syrupy flowability, stop heating and rapidly cool to room temperature. At this point, the conversion rate of MMA is 10-20%, yielding the PMMA prepolymer slurry.

[0032] S3. Inject the prepolymer slurry from S2 into the mold and perform segmented heating polymerization to obtain the polymerized and cured material. The mold is a pre-assembled mold. After being inserted into the mold, air bubbles are removed by tilting or slight vibration, and then the mold is sealed and fixed.

[0033] S4. After cooling the polymerized and cured material from S3 to room temperature, anneal it to obtain a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material.

[0034] Preferably, the distillation process in S1 is vacuum distillation, with a vacuum degree of 0.01-0.02 MPa, a temperature of 40-50℃, and a time of 20-40 min.

[0035] Preferably, the free radical initiator in S2 includes one or more of benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, lauroyl peroxide, and dicumyl peroxide, and the amount of free radical initiator added is 0.02-0.1 wt% of the mass of methyl methacrylate monomer.

[0036] Preferably, the temperature of the prepolymerization reaction in S2 is 80-85℃.

[0037] Preferably, the segmented heating polymerization in S3 is carried out as follows: first, the temperature is maintained at 40-60℃ for 12-24 hours for low-temperature polymerization; then, the temperature is raised to 90-100℃ and maintained for 2-4 hours for high-temperature polymerization.

[0038] In an even more preferred embodiment, annealing is performed in S3 at conditions close to the glass transition temperature of PMMA to eliminate internal stress and improve the long-term stability of the material.

[0039] The above-mentioned structural temperature-responsive PMMA material is used in the measurement of flow channel wall temperature.

[0040] Preferably, the flow channel wall temperature measurement includes directly contacting the flow channel wall or observation window with the fluid using a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material as the flow channel structural component, and realizing the optical measurement of the flow channel wall temperature distribution by collecting the luminescence signal of temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules.

[0041] Example 1 This invention provides a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, comprising a polymethyl methacrylate matrix and a tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule, wherein the tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule is uniformly dispersed in the polymethyl methacrylate matrix. The preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer was subjected to vacuum distillation at a vacuum level of 0.012 MPa, a temperature of 45°C, and a time of 30 min. After distillation, the purified MMA was stored in a sealed, light-protected environment for later use. 400 g of the distilled MMA was taken, and 0.20 g of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) trichloride temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule was added. The mixture was stirred magnetically at room temperature for approximately 30 min to ensure the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule was fully dissolved and uniformly dispersed in the MMA monomer, forming a clear and transparent homogeneous solution. The mass fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule was 0.05% of the mass of the polymethyl methacrylate matrix.

[0042] S2. Add 0.20 g of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) to the homogeneous solution of S1 and continue stirring until completely dissolved. The amount of BPO added is approximately 0.05 wt% of the mass of MMA. Then heat in an oil bath at 80°C while stirring to carry out the prepolymerization reaction. As the reaction proceeds, the viscosity of the system gradually increases, changing from a low-viscosity liquid to a viscous state with certain fluidity. After about 45 minutes, the system becomes syrupy. At this point, stop heating and quickly cool to room temperature to obtain the prepolymer slurry.

[0043] S3. Slowly inject the prepolymer slurry from S2 into a pre-assembled rectangular mold measuring 70mm × 10.2mm × 3mm. During pouring, maintain a continuous and slow flow, and gently vibrate the mold to remove any air bubbles. Then seal the mold. Place the sealed mold in a 50℃ constant temperature oven for 24 hours to complete the low-temperature polymerization stage; subsequently, raise the temperature to 90℃ and hold for 3 hours to further polymerize and solidify the system, obtaining the polymerized and cured material.

[0044] S4. After cooling the polymerized and cured material from S3 to room temperature, remove it from the mold and anneal it at 100℃ for 2 hours. After annealing, slowly cool it to room temperature in the furnace to obtain a sheet-like structural temperature-responsive PMMA material. The prepared structural temperature-responsive PMMA material is transparent in appearance and free of visible bubbles and cracks. Under 450nm excitation light, the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material exhibits uniform red fluorescence emission, and no obvious areas of uneven fluorescence intensity were observed, indicating that the temperature-sensitive probe is uniformly dispersed in the PMMA matrix. Figure 1 As shown.

[0045] Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is as follows: In S1, the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule is tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium dichloride, and the mass fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule is 0.01% of the mass of the polymethyl methacrylate matrix; in S2, the amount of BPO added is 0.02 wt% of the mass of MMA, and the temperature of the prepolymerization reaction is 82°C; in S3, the sealed mold is placed in a constant temperature oven at 40°C for 12 hours to complete the low-temperature polymerization stage; then the temperature is raised to 90°C and held for 2 hours. All other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0046] Example 3 The differences from Example 1 are as follows: In S1, the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule is cis-dichlorobis(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) dihydrate, and the mass fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule is 0.03% of the mass of the polymethyl methacrylate matrix; in S2, the amount of BPO added is 0.1 wt% of the mass of MMA, and the temperature of the prepolymerization reaction is 85°C; in S3, the sealed mold is placed in a constant temperature oven at 60°C for 24 hours to complete the low-temperature polymerization stage; then the temperature is raised to 100°C and held for 4 hours. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that in S1, the molecular weight fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe is 0.08% of the mass of the polymethyl methacrylate matrix; in S2, the amount of BPO added is 0.02 wt% of the mass of MMA. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that in S1, the molecular weight fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe is 0.20% of the mass of the polymethyl methacrylate matrix; in S2, the amount of BPO added is 0.1 wt% of the mass of MMA. All other aspects are the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Application Example 1 The structural temperature-responsive PMMA material prepared in Example 1 was applied to the temperature measurement of the wall surface of a rectangular flow channel to verify the feasibility and stability of temperature measurement when the material is in direct contact with the fluid as a flow channel structural component. The measurement method includes the following steps: T1. Construct a parallel microchannel test section, which includes an upper cover plate, a channel wall and a lower wall plate. The lower wall plate is made of structural temperature-responsive PMMA material with a thickness of 3 mm prepared in Example 1. The upper cover plate is made of polycarbonate with a light transmittance of 88% for optical observation.

[0050] The internal dimensions of the parallel microchannels are: 5 rectangular channels connected in parallel, each channel with a width of 0.96mm, a height of 2mm, and a length of 50mm. The inlet and outlet channels are 10mm long and have a wall thickness of 0.5mm. Figure 2 As shown, 1-1 is the upper cover plate, 1-2 is the channel wall, and 1-3 is the lower wall plate; each part is fixed by a sealing structure (the sealing structure is the silicone rubber sealant in the prior art, which is not shown in the attached figure), wherein the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material directly constitutes the lower wall plate of the parallel microchannel and is in direct contact with the fluid.

[0051] T2. An electrically heated glass is placed below the parallel microchannels to achieve constant heat flow heating. By adjusting the input power, a stable heat flow boundary condition is formed on the lower wall of the parallel microchannels.

[0052] During the experiment: the heating power ranged from 1.5 to 15 W, the working fluid was HFE-7100, and the mass flow rate ranged from 263 to 526 kg / m³. 2 s.

[0053] T3. Before the flow test, the temperature-responsive PMMA material was calibrated. The calibration curve is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, this calibration covered a temperature range of 30~85℃. Within this range, the thermal quenching effect of the material was stable, and no fluorescence intensity plateau, abrupt change or irreversible decay occurred. This indicates that the material has no failure or probe molecule decomposition problems within this range, and its performance is stable.

[0054] T4. Under the flow and heating conditions of T2, turn on the excitation source of the optical measurement system (the optical measurement system is existing technology and will not be described in detail) and simultaneously acquire fluorescence images of the lower wall panel of the channel. Use existing image processing software to perform grayscale processing on the original images and convert the fluorescence intensity distribution into temperature distribution according to the calibration curve.

[0055] T5. Repeated data collection was performed under continuous 4-hour experimental conditions. No significant attenuation of the fluorescence signal was observed, and no peeling or flaking was observed on the surface of the lower wall panel.

[0056] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that no temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule was added; all other steps were the same as in Example 1. The resulting material did not exhibit fluorescence response properties.

[0057] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the molecular weight fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe is 0.30 wt%, while the rest of the steps are the same as in Example 1. The resulting material exhibits fluorescence quenching, and the response sensitivity is significantly reduced.

[0058] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that no free radical initiator was added; all other steps were the same as in Example 1. The resulting material failed to polymerize effectively, remained in a softened state, and exhibited poor mechanical properties.

[0059] The measurement results of Application Example 1 are shown below. Figures 4-5 Under the same mass flow rate and different heating power conditions, at the same location, the temperature of the heated wall surface (lower wall plate) increases with the increase of heating power.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the temperature of the heated wall surface increases along the flow direction, exhibiting an approximately linear change overall. With increasing heating power, the temperature rise along the flow path decreases, and when Q = 13.5 W, the temperature change along the flow path tends to level off.

[0061] like Figure 5 As shown, the parallel microchannels have uniform cross-sections, and the operating conditions from top to bottom are as follows: G = 263 kg•m -2 •s -1 Q=9W; G = 263 kg•m -2 •s -1 Q = 10.5W; G = 263 kg•m -2 •s -1 Q=12W; G = 394 kg•m -2 •s -1 Q=12W; G = 526 kg•m -2 •s -1 Q=12W; The fluorescence distribution exhibits a continuous variation along the flow direction. Along the flow direction shown in the figure, from the inlet to the outlet, the pseudo-color corresponding to the fluorescence in each channel gradually transitions from a higher brightness region to a lower brightness region, indicating that the fluorescence intensity gradually weakens along the flow direction, and this change is continuous without significant abrupt changes. At the same axial position, comparing different operating conditions reveals that: with increasing heating power, the pseudo-color in the corresponding region within the channel generally changes towards lower fluorescence intensity; with increasing mass flow rate, the pseudo-color in the corresponding region within the channel generally changes towards higher fluorescence intensity. Based on the calibration relationship between fluorescence intensity and temperature, the trend of wall temperature change can be determined. Figure 5 The results shown are consistent.

[0062] After the experiment, the lower wall panel maintained good transparency and structural integrity, and no flow instability or material failure was observed.

[0063] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, its preparation method and application, which enables stable optical measurement of the channel wall temperature under direct fluid contact conditions.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An application of a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material, characterized in that: Applications in flow channel wall temperature measurement include direct contact between the flow channel wall and the fluid using structural temperature-responsive PMMA material as the wall or observation window of the flow channel structure, and optical measurement of the flow channel wall temperature distribution by collecting the luminescence signal of temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules. The structural temperature-responsive PMMA material is in sheet form, comprising a polymethyl methacrylate matrix and temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules. The temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules are uniformly dispersed in the polymethyl methacrylate matrix, and the mass fraction of the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecules is 0.01-0.2% of the mass of the polymethyl methacrylate matrix. The temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule is a ruthenium complex with fluorescence temperature response characteristics.

2. The application of the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ruthenium complexes include one or more of the following: tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex, tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) complex, and dichlorobis(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex.

3. The application of the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymethyl methacrylate matrix is ​​formed by bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomers.

4. An application of the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material includes the following steps: S1. After distilling the methyl methacrylate monomer, add the temperature-sensitive fluorescent probe molecule and stir to form a homogeneous solution. S2. Add the free radical initiator to the homogeneous solution of S1 and mix well to carry out the prepolymerization reaction until the homogeneous solution is transformed into a prepolymer slurry with syrup-like fluidity. S3. Inject the prepolymer slurry from S2 into the mold and perform segmented heating polymerization to obtain the polymerized and cured material. S4. After cooling the polymerized and cured material from S3 to room temperature, anneal it to obtain a structural temperature-responsive PMMA material.

5. The application of the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The free radical initiator in S2 includes one or more of benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, lauroyl peroxide, and dicumyl peroxide. The amount of free radical initiator added is 0.02-0.1 wt% of the mass of methyl methacrylate monomer.

6. The application of the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature for the prepolymerization reaction in S2 is 80-85℃.

7. The application of the structural temperature-responsive PMMA material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stepwise heating polymerization in S3 is as follows: first, maintain the temperature at 40-60℃ for 12-24 hours; then, raise the temperature to 90-100℃ and maintain it for 2-4 hours.

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