Asphalt concrete panel structure for extremely hot or cold and construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an asphalt concrete panel structure and construction method for use in extreme heat and cold conditions. The structure comprises, from bottom to top, a leveling and bonding layer, an impermeable layer, and a nano-temperature control layer. During construction, an asphalt mixture is prepared using asphalt, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and filler. Then, epoxy resin is selected as the matrix material, and polyamide and nanomaterials are added to prepare a nano-temperature control material. Subsequently, the prepared asphalt mixture is laid using a paver, and then compacted to form the leveling and bonding layer and the impermeable layer. Finally, the nano-temperature control material is applied to the surface of the impermeable layer using a scraper to form the nano-temperature control layer. This solution solves the problems of high-temperature slope flow and low-temperature freezing failure that occur in existing technologies under extreme weather conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, specifically relating to asphalt concrete panel structures and construction methods for use in extreme heat and cold. Background Technology

[0002] Asphalt concrete panels, with their excellent seepage prevention performance, outstanding deformation adaptability, and convenient construction and maintenance characteristics, have been widely used in seepage prevention projects for earth-rock dams and pumped storage power station reservoirs. The typical continental arid climate of Northwest China—the dramatic alternation of extreme high temperatures in summer and severe cold in winter—poses unprecedented performance challenges to traditional asphalt concrete materials: slope flow phenomena under high-temperature conditions and freeze-thaw failure in low-temperature environments. However, there is a significant performance contradiction between the thermal stability and low-temperature crack resistance of asphalt materials: improving thermal stability requires asphalt with a lower penetration and a higher softening point, while optimizing low-temperature crack resistance requires asphalt with a higher penetration and a lower softening point.

[0003] Existing asphalt concrete panels mainly consist of an asphalt concrete leveling and bonding layer, an asphalt concrete impermeable layer, and a sealing layer. All three layers are asphalt concrete structures. This reverse demand for material properties creates a vicious cycle of "summer flow-winter cracking" under the extreme climate conditions of Northwest China. Conventional modification technologies (such as SBS modification) can only achieve limited improvement in a single property and cannot overcome the inherent limitations of the material's constitutive relationship. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an asphalt concrete panel structure for use in extreme heat and cold, which solves the problems of high-temperature slope flow and low-temperature freezing failure that occur in the prior art under extreme weather conditions.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for asphalt concrete panels in extreme heat and cold.

[0006] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is an asphalt concrete panel structure for extreme heat and cold, comprising a leveling adhesive layer, an impermeable layer and a nano-temperature control layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top;

[0007] The thickness of the leveling adhesive layer is 5cm to 10cm; The thickness of the impermeable layer is 7cm to 10cm; The thickness of the nano-temperature control layer is not less than 2mm.

[0008] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is a construction method for asphalt concrete panels in extreme heat and cold, comprising the following steps: S1, asphalt mixtures for leveling the cementitious layer and the impermeable layer are prepared by selecting asphalt, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler respectively; S2, using epoxy resin as the matrix material, and adding polyamide and nanomaterials to prepare nano-temperature control materials; S3 uses a paver to pave the prepared asphalt mixture, and then compacts it to form a level cementing layer; S4, spread and compact the layer on the leveled cementitious layer to form an impermeable layer; S5. Apply the nano-temperature control material to the surface of the impermeable layer using a scraper to form a nano-temperature control layer.

[0009] The second technical solution of the present invention is further characterized in that, In step S1, the asphalt type is SG90 hydraulic asphalt or SG70 hydraulic asphalt. The coarse aggregate is prepared from alkaline rock, with a maximum particle size not exceeding 19 mm and not exceeding one-third of the layer thickness; Fine aggregates are made of artificial sand or river sand, with a particle size of 0.075mm to 2.36mm. When river sand is used, its proportion of the total sand usage is less than 50%. The filler is prepared from alkaline rock with a particle size of less than 0.6 mm and an apparent density of not less than 2.5 g / cm³. 3 The moisture content is no more than 0.5%, and the hydrophilicity coefficient is less than 1.

[0010] In step S1, when preparing the asphalt mixture for the leveling binder layer, first weigh the following raw materials according to their mass percentage: Coarse aggregate 52%~65%; fine aggregate 30%~40%; filler 5%~8%, the total content of the above components is 100%; Then, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler are added into the mixer in sequence and mixed at a uniform speed for 15s~25s. Then, asphalt at a temperature of 150℃~170℃ is added into the mixer until it is mixed evenly to obtain asphalt mixture. Asphalt accounts for 3.5% to 5% of the total mass.

[0011] In step S1, when preparing the asphalt mixture for the impermeable layer, first weigh the following raw materials according to their mass percentage: Coarse aggregate 38%~50%; fine aggregate 40%~46%; filler 10%~16%, with the total content of all the above components being 100%; Then, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler are added into the mixer in sequence and mixed at a uniform speed for 15s~25s. Then, asphalt at a temperature of 150℃~170℃ is added into the mixer until it is mixed evenly to obtain asphalt mixture. Asphalt accounts for 6.5% to 7.5% of the total mass.

[0012] The nanomaterials in step S2 include nano-SiO2, nano-TiO2, nano-CuO, nano-Al2O3, and nano-MgO.

[0013] In step S2, when preparing the nano-temperature control material, first weigh the following raw materials according to their mass percentages: Nano SiO2 10%~60%; Nano TiO2 10%~20%; Nano CuO 10%~55%; Nano Al2O3 5%~15%; Nano MgO 5%~10%; The total content of the above components is 100%; Then, epoxy resin was selected, and polyamide was added as a hardener and a diluent for the epoxy resin; after stirring evenly, nanomaterials were added to obtain nano-temperature control materials. The epoxy resin, polyamide, and nanomaterials in the nano-temperature control material are composed of the following mass percentages: Epoxy resin 40%~55%; polyamide 30%~40%; nanomaterials 7%~20%; the total content of the above components is 100%.

[0014] Before paving the asphalt mixture using a paver in step S3, a layer of emulsified asphalt or diluted asphalt is sprayed onto the surface of the subbase, with a spraying rate of not less than 1.5 kg / m². 2 .

[0015] In steps S3 and S4, the vibratory compaction plate initially compacts the asphalt mixture to a degree of over 90% during paving. The paving is carried out at a uniform speed and continuously, resulting in a uniform and flat paved surface.

[0016] In steps S3 and S4, compaction is carried out using a special double-steel-drum vibratory roller. The roller is compacted one by one according to the construction strip, and the vibratory roller maintains a uniform speed and continuous compaction.

[0017] In step S5, the coating temperature is 70℃~85℃ and the coating thickness is ≥2mm.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention abandons the traditional three-layer structure of all-asphalt concrete and innovatively constructs a layered structure consisting of a nano-temperature control layer, an asphalt concrete anti-seepage layer, and a leveling and bonding layer. This breaks down the reverse performance requirements of "high-temperature anti-flow and low-temperature anti-cracking" to achieve the desired results. During the high-temperature period in summer, the nano-temperature control layer reflects solar radiation, while in winter, the low-temperature nano-temperature control layer reduces heat conduction between the asphalt itself and the external environment, ensuring that the asphalt panel remains within a stable operating temperature range. This structural design breaks the inherent contradiction between the thermal stability and low-temperature crack resistance of asphalt, ultimately achieving structural stability of the asphalt concrete panel structure under both extreme high and low temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the asphalt concrete panel structure of the present invention used in extreme heat and cold.

[0020] In the diagram, 1. Leveling adhesive layer, 2. Impermeable layer, 3. Nano-temperature control layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Example 1 This invention addresses the problems of flow on hot slopes and freezing failure in extreme weather conditions by introducing photothermal materials to construct a novel asphalt concrete panel structure consisting of a "nano-temperature control layer - impermeable layer - leveling and bonding layer." Specifically, this is achieved through the following technical means: like Figure 1 As shown, it includes a leveling adhesive layer 1, an impermeable layer 2, and a nano temperature control layer 3 arranged sequentially from bottom to top.

[0023] Example 2 Based on the above embodiments, the thickness of the leveling adhesive layer 1 is 5cm to 10cm. This thickness can ensure that the base layer is flat and dense, provide stable support for the upper seepage prevention layer, and enhance the interlayer adhesion. The thickness of the second impermeable layer is 7cm~10cm, which meets the core performance requirements of hydraulic engineering seepage prevention and ensures the overall seepage prevention reliability of the panel; The thickness of the nano-temperature control layer 3 is not less than 2mm, ensuring that the coating is continuous and dense, and giving full play to its multiple functions of light and heat reflection, insulation of external temperature, and surface sealing.

[0024] Example 3 This embodiment describes a construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures used in extreme heat and cold conditions, including the following steps: S1, asphalt mixture is prepared by selecting asphalt, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler; S2, using epoxy resin as the matrix material, adds polyamide and nanomaterials to prepare nano-temperature control materials; the nanomaterials include nano-SiO2, nano-TiO2, nano-CuO, nano-Al2O3, and nano-MgO.

[0025] S3, Before paving the asphalt mixture, spray emulsified asphalt / diluted asphalt onto the surface of the subbase, with a spraying amount of not less than 1.5 kg / m², to enhance the interlayer bond between the subbase and the leveling binder layer and prevent interlayer separation; use a paver to complete the paving of the mixture, and after compaction, form the leveling binder layer 1; S4, spread and compact the layer on the leveled cementitious layer 1 to form the impermeable layer 2; S5, apply the nano-temperature control material to the surface of the impermeable layer 2 using a scraper to form the nano-temperature control layer 3.

[0026] Before applying the coating, ensure the surface of the waterproof layer 2 is clean and dry. During application, the ambient temperature should be above 10℃, and the coating temperature should be controlled between 70℃ and 85℃; otherwise, application will be difficult and the coating thickness will be hard to control.

[0027] During the coating process, the coating temperature and thickness should be monitored using a coating machine. The coating thickness should be ≥2mm to ensure coating quality. If defects such as bubbling or peeling are found, the coating should be removed and reapplied immediately.

[0028] Example 4 Based on Example 3 above, in this embodiment, the asphalt type in step S1 is SG90 hydraulic asphalt or SG70 hydraulic asphalt; specifically, this embodiment uses SG90 hydraulic asphalt, and the technical requirements are shown in Table 1 below.

[0029] Table 1 Technical Requirements for SG90 Asphalt

[0030] The coarse aggregate is prepared from alkaline rocks, with a maximum particle size not exceeding 19 mm and not exceeding one-third of the layer thickness; specific technical requirements are shown in Table 2 below.

[0031] Table 2 Technical Requirements for Coarse Aggregates

[0032] Fine aggregates are made of artificial sand or river sand, with good gradation, hard rock, and should not undergo property changes under heating conditions. The particle size is 0.075mm~2.36mm. When river sand is selected, its proportion of the total sand usage is less than 50%. The technical requirements are shown in Table 3 below.

[0033] Table 3 Technical Requirements for Fine Aggregates

[0034] The filler was prepared using alkaline rocks; in this example, limestone and dolomite were used. The particle size was less than 0.6 mm, and the apparent density was not less than 2.5 g / cm³. 3 The moisture content should not exceed 0.5%, and the hydrophilicity coefficient should be less than or equal to 1. It should also be free of soil, organic matter, and clumps. Technical requirements are shown in Table 4 below.

[0035] Table 4 Technical Specifications for Packing Material Testing

[0036] Furthermore, as shown in Table 4, in this embodiment, 100% of the filler particles have a diameter less than 0.6 mm. The proportion of particles with a diameter less than 0.15 mm is greater than 90%, and the proportion of particles with a diameter less than 0.075 mm is greater than 85%.

[0037] Example 5 Based on Example 4 above, in this embodiment, when preparing the asphalt mixture for the impermeable layer 2 in step S1, the following raw materials are first weighed according to the following mass percentages: Coarse aggregate 38%~50%; fine aggregate 40%~46%; filler 10%~16%, the total content of the above components is 100%.

[0038] Then, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler are added into the mixer in sequence and mixed at a uniform speed for 15s~25s. Then, asphalt at a temperature of 150℃~170℃ is added into the mixer until it is mixed evenly to obtain asphalt mixture. Asphalt accounts for 6.5% to 7.5% of the total mass; the high asphalt content ensures the compactness and impermeability of the mixture, which is suitable for the core function of the impermeable layer.

[0039] When preparing the asphalt mixture for the leveling binder layer 1, first weigh the following raw materials according to their mass percentage: Coarse aggregate 52%~65%; fine aggregate 30%~40%; filler 5%~8%, the total content of the above components is 100%.

[0040] Then, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler are added into the mixer in sequence and mixed at a uniform speed for 15s~25s. Then, asphalt at a temperature of 150℃~170℃ is added into the mixer until it is mixed evenly to obtain asphalt mixture. Asphalt accounts for 3.5% to 5% of the total mass. The low asphalt content ensures that the base layer is permeable to water and air, has a stable bond, and is suitable for the support function of the leveling and bonding layer.

[0041] In this embodiment, after the asphalt mixture is prepared, it is unloaded into a dump truck with insulation and transported to the paving site. The configuration of the transport vehicles will be matched with the construction intensity.

[0042] Asphalt mixtures should be transported continuously, uniformly, quickly, and promptly from the mixing plant to the paving site, minimizing transportation time. Asphalt mixture transport vehicles must ensure clean tires to prevent bringing contaminants to the work surface and contaminating the surface. If necessary, tire washing and water-absorbing devices should be added to the transport vehicles, positioned at the entrance to the construction site. During transportation, aggregate segregation, leakage, and excessive temperature loss are not permitted. If necessary, insulation measures such as covering the truck bed with tarpaulins can be implemented. Regular maintenance of dump trucks should be conducted to prevent holes and gaps in the truck beds, which could cause asphalt concrete leakage. Anti-sticking agents can be appropriately applied or sprayed onto the truck beds, tanks, and hoppers used for transporting asphalt mixtures.

[0043] Furthermore, in step S2, when preparing the nano-temperature control material, the following raw materials are first weighed according to their mass percentages: Nano SiO2 10%~60%; Nano TiO2 10%~20%; Nano CuO 10%~55%; Nano Al2O3 5%~15%; Nano MgO 5%~10%; The total content of the above components is 100%. The five components are mixed to form a dark gray nanomaterial.

[0044] Then, epoxy resin was selected, and polyamide was added as a hardener and a diluent for the epoxy resin; after stirring evenly, nanomaterials were added to obtain nano-temperature control materials. The epoxy resin, polyamide, and nanomaterials in the nano-temperature control material are composed of the following mass percentages: Epoxy resin 40%~55%; polyamide 30%~40%; nanomaterials 7%~20%; the total content of the above components is 100%.

[0045] Furthermore, when high low-temperature performance is required, the proportion of nano-SiO2 is increased; when high high-temperature performance is required, the proportion of other nanomaterials is increased.

[0046] Example 6 Based on Example 5 above, this embodiment further refines the paving and compaction process parameters to ensure the quality of the panel structure forming.

[0047] 1. Paving process Both the leveling cementitious layer 1 and the impermeable layer 2 are constructed using a Bomag BF-800C paver. The paving is carried out at a uniform speed and continuously, with a paving width of 3.2m to 6m, a paving speed of 1m / min to 3m / min, a paver tamping frequency of 30% to 35%, an initial pre-compaction degree of not less than 90%, and a loose paving coefficient of 1.1 to 1.15. These parameters ensure that the paved surface is uniform and flat, the initial density of the mixture meets the standards, and reduces subsequent rolling defects.

[0048] 2. Rolling process The Sany STR30C-8S vibratory roller is used to compact the construction strips one by one. The vibratory roller maintains a uniform speed and continuous compaction, with an amplitude of 0.46mm~0.56mm, a vibration frequency of 60Hz~70Hz, a compaction speed of no more than 100m / min, and an overlap of the roller tracks of no less than 10cm to ensure uniform compaction without any gaps.

[0049] Leveling and compaction layer 1 rolling process: initial static compaction once → secondary vibratory compaction once → final static compaction once, controlling the porosity to 10%~15% to meet the requirements of base layer support and permeability.

[0050] The rolling process for the second impermeable layer is as follows: initial static rolling once → secondary vibratory rolling twice → final static rolling once, controlling the porosity to be less than 2% to meet the core impermeability requirements of the impermeable layer.

[0051] The rolling process employs a forward vibratory rolling and a backward non-vibratory rolling process. The vibratory roller travels at a constant speed to avoid sudden stops and starts, and the roller is kept moist. After rolling, non-vibratory rolling is performed to finish the surface, preventing cracks and wrinkles and improving surface flatness and structural integrity.

[0052] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0053] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An asphalt concrete panel structure for use in extreme heat and cold environments, characterized in that, It includes a leveling and bonding layer (1), an impermeable layer (2), and a nano temperature control layer (3) arranged sequentially from bottom to top; The thickness of the leveling adhesive layer (1) is 5cm~10cm; The thickness of the impermeable layer (2) is 7cm~10cm; The thickness of the nano temperature control layer (3) is not less than 2 mm.

2. A construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures used in extreme heat and cold conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, asphalt mixtures of asphalt, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler are selected to prepare leveling cementitious layer (1) and impermeable layer (2) respectively; S2, using epoxy resin as the matrix material, and adding polyamide and nanomaterials to prepare nano-temperature control materials; S3, the prepared asphalt mixture is laid using a paver and then compacted to form a level cementing layer (1). S4, spread and compact the layer on the leveled cementing layer (1) to form an impermeable layer (2); S5, the nano temperature control material is applied to the surface of the impermeable layer (2) using a scraper to form the nano temperature control layer (3).

3. The construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures in extreme heat and cold according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the asphalt type is SG90 hydraulic asphalt or SG70 hydraulic asphalt. The coarse aggregate is prepared from alkaline rock, with a maximum particle size not exceeding 19 mm and not exceeding one-third of the layer thickness; Fine aggregates are made of artificial sand or river sand, with a particle size of 0.075mm to 2.36mm. When river sand is used, its proportion of the total sand usage is less than 50%. The filler is prepared from alkaline rock with a particle size of less than 0.6 mm and an apparent density of not less than 2.5 g / cm³. 3 The moisture content is no more than 0.5%, and the hydrophilicity coefficient is less than 1.

4. The construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures in extreme heat and cold according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, when preparing the asphalt mixture for the leveling cementitious layer (1), the following raw materials are weighed according to the following mass percentages: Coarse aggregate 52%~65%; fine aggregate 30%~40%; filler 5%~8%, the total content of the above components is 100%; Then, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler are added into the mixer in sequence and mixed at a uniform speed for 15s~25s. Then, asphalt at a temperature of 150℃~170℃ is added into the mixer until it is mixed evenly to obtain asphalt mixture. Asphalt accounts for 3.5% to 5% of the total mass.

5. The construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures in extreme heat and cold according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, when preparing the asphalt mixture for the impermeable layer (2), the following raw materials are weighed according to the following mass percentages: Coarse aggregate 38%~50%; fine aggregate 40%~46%; filler 10%~16%, with the total content of all the above components being 100%. Then, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler are added into the mixer in sequence and mixed at a uniform speed for 15s~25s. Then, asphalt at a temperature of 150℃~170℃ is added into the mixer until it is mixed evenly to obtain asphalt mixture. Asphalt accounts for 6.5% to 7.5% of the total mass.

6. The construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures in extreme heat and cold according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nanomaterials in step S2 include nano-SiO2, nano-TiO2, nano-CuO, nano-Al2O3, and nano-MgO.

7. The construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures in extreme heat and cold according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, when preparing the nano-temperature control material, the following raw materials are first weighed according to mass percentage: Nano SiO2 10%~60%; Nano TiO2 10%~20%; Nano CuO 10%~55%; Nano Al2O3 5%~15%; Nano MgO 5%~10%; The total content of the above components is 100%; Then, epoxy resin was selected, and polyamide was added as a hardener and a diluent for the epoxy resin; after stirring evenly, nanomaterials were added to obtain nano-temperature control materials. The epoxy resin, polyamide, and nanomaterials in the nano-temperature control material are composed of the following mass percentages: Epoxy resin 40%~55%; polyamide 30%~40%; nanomaterials 7%~20%; the total content of the above components is 100%.

8. The construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures in extreme heat and cold according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before paving the asphalt mixture using a paver in step S3, a layer of emulsified asphalt or diluted asphalt is sprayed onto the surface of the subbase, with a spraying amount of not less than 1.5 kg / m². 2 .

9. The construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures in extreme heat and cold according to claim 3, characterized in that, In steps S3 and S4, the vibratory plate compacts the asphalt mixture to a compaction degree of over 90% during paving. The paving is carried out at a uniform speed and continuously, resulting in a uniform and flat paved surface. In steps S3 and S4, compaction is carried out using a special double steel wheel vibratory roller, and compaction is carried out one by one according to the construction strips. The vibratory roller maintains a uniform speed and continuous compaction.

10. The construction method for asphalt concrete panel structures in extreme heat and cold according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S5, the coating temperature is 70℃~85℃ and the coating thickness is ≥2mm.

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