Electromagnetic piston pump

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of piston pump technology and provides an electromagnetic piston pump, including a loop pipe and a cylinder liner. The cylinder liner is fixedly installed in the middle of the loop pipe and connected to it. The advantages of this invention are: the electromagnets or electro-permanent magnet assemblies at both ends of the cylinder liner can simultaneously apply attraction and thrust to the piston, forming a bidirectional synergistic electromagnetic driving force, which improves the driving torque of the piston reciprocating motion, enhances the output pressure and flow rate of the pump body, and improves the working efficiency of fluid transportation. At the same time, it makes the reciprocating motion of the piston more stable and controllable, reducing the impact and vibration during the motion process; it abandons the traditional piston pump's crank connecting rod, cam slider and other mechanical transmission mechanisms, and achieves drive only through electromagnets or electro-permanent magnet assemblies, permanent magnet pistons and controllers, which greatly simplifies the overall structure of the pump body, not only reducing equipment manufacturing costs, but also reducing maintenance needs caused by mechanical wear, and extending the service life of the pump body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of piston pump technology, and more particularly to an electromagnetic piston pump. Background Technology

[0002] Piston pumps, as a core type of positive displacement fluid transport equipment, are widely used in industrial production, water treatment, precision instruments, and other fields due to their advantages of wide pressure regulation range and high transport accuracy. Their core principle is to change the volume of the chamber by the reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder, thereby realizing the intake and discharge of fluid. However, the traditional driving method of piston pumps has long relied on crank-connecting rod mechanisms or cam-slider mechanisms. These mechanical transmission structures have inherent defects: on the one hand, they need to convert rotary motion into linear motion, resulting in a complex pump structure and large size. Moreover, the eccentric design causes serious vibration and noise, affecting the adaptability to precision scenarios. On the other hand, shaft seal wear leads to high maintenance frequency of vulnerable parts such as seals and bearings, which not only increases the cost of use but also easily causes fluid leakage. Especially in scenarios with high sealing requirements, such as chemical liquid transportation, leakage problems may cause equipment failure or media contamination.

[0003] To address the drawbacks of mechanical transmission, electromagnetic drive technology is increasingly being applied to piston pump design. Its core advantage lies in directly driving piston movement using electromagnetic force, eliminating traditional mechanical transmission components and achieving shaftless, leak-free, and wear-free fluid transport, significantly improving equipment reliability and cleanliness. Existing electromagnetic piston pumps mostly employ a single electromagnet drive or a structure combined with an energy storage spring, achieving piston reciprocating motion through the attraction and repulsion of a single magnetic field. However, this design still has room for improvement: in some solutions, the piston driving force is insufficient, resulting in limited pump output pressure; traditional electromagnetic drives often rely on continuous energization to maintain the magnetic field, leading to high energy consumption, significant heat generation, and easy coil aging. Furthermore, the unidirectional electromagnetic force makes it difficult to simultaneously achieve smooth piston movement and fast response, failing to meet the demands of high-precision fluid transport scenarios for controllable motion, low energy consumption, and long lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an electromagnet-driven piston pump, and further includes an electro-permanent magnet-driven implementation method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An electromagnetic piston pump includes a loop pipe and a cylinder liner. The cylinder liner is fixedly installed in the middle of the loop pipe and connected to the loop pipe. An inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are respectively installed on the middle positions of the two sides of the loop pipe corresponding to the cylinder liner. A first inlet check valve, a second inlet check valve, a first outlet check valve, and a second outlet check valve are respectively installed at the two ends of the loop pipe corresponding to the cylinder liner. A piston is installed inside the cylinder liner. The piston is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and is axially magnetized. A first limit switch and a second limit switch are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the two ends of the cylinder liner. Magnet assemblies are fixedly fitted on the outer sides of both ends of the cylinder liner. Enamelled copper wire windings are wound on the outer sides of the magnet assemblies. A controller is connected between the enamelled copper wire windings on the outer sides of the two magnet assemblies.

[0006] The magnet assembly is either an electromagnet or an electro-permanent magnet assembly. The electro-permanent magnet assembly consists of a composite magnetic core, a pulse commutation coil, and a magnetic yoke. It achieves magnetic pole polarity reversal through instantaneous pulse current and maintains constant magnetism after power is cut off, enabling alternating changes in magnetic poles. The controller integrates a power supply module, a pulse drive module, a current commutation module, and a position detection module. It is adaptable to both the continuous power supply mode of traditional electromagnets and the instantaneous pulse power supply mode of electro-permanent magnets.

[0007] According to the present invention, an electromagnetic piston pump is provided in which the cylinder liner is made of 304 stainless steel.

[0008] According to the present invention, an electromagnetic piston pump is provided in which the piston surface is coated with a smoothed fluororubber layer by a vulcanization process.

[0009] According to the present invention, the magnetic cores of the magnet assembly are all made of laminated silicon steel sheets or composite soft magnetic materials.

[0010] According to the present invention, an electromagnetic piston pump is provided in which the number of turns of the enameled copper wire winding on the outside of the electromagnet can be adjusted between five hundred and two thousand.

[0011] According to the present invention, an electromagnetic piston pump is provided in which an aluminum alloy shell is provided on the outer side of each magnet assembly.

[0012] According to the present invention, an electromagnetic piston pump is provided in which a mounting flange is fixedly installed at the end position of the loop pipeline corresponding to the cylinder liner.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The magnet assemblies at both ends of the cylinder liner can simultaneously apply attraction and thrust to the piston, forming a bidirectional synergistic electromagnetic driving force. This breaks through the limitation of the traditional electromagnetic piston pump's single-direction electromagnetic force drive, increases the driving torque of the piston's reciprocating motion, enhances the pump's output pressure and flow rate, meets the needs of high-pressure, high-flow water transportation, and improves the working efficiency of fluid transportation. At the same time, by alternately changing the polarity of the magnet assembly and combining the bidirectional force of the two-end drive units, the reciprocating motion of the piston becomes more stable and controllable, reducing the impact and vibration during the movement. Compared with the vibration and noise problems of traditional mechanical transmission piston pumps, the operating noise is lower and the vibration amplitude is smaller. When driven by an electromagnet, the controller continuously and alternately switches the current direction of the enameled copper wire windings on the outer side of the electromagnets at both ends based on the position feedback of the first and second limit switches, so that the piston can make continuous reciprocating motion in the cylinder liner, realizing the continuous intake and discharge of fluid. At the same time, the power module can precisely control the electromagnetic force intensity by adjusting the winding current, thereby adjusting the piston movement speed and the pump output pressure and flow rate.

[0014] When driven by an electro-permanent magnet, electrical energy is consumed only during the moment of magnetic pole commutation. After commutation, a stable magnetic field can be maintained without continuous power supply. Compared with traditional electromagnets, this significantly reduces energy consumption, generates almost no heat, avoids coil aging and magnetic force attenuation, and further improves pump stability and service life. The controller continuously switches the magnetic pole state of the drive unit based on the position feedback of the limit switch, causing the piston to reciprocate continuously within the cylinder liner, achieving continuous fluid intake and discharge. By adjusting the current magnitude or pulse parameters, the piston speed, pump output pressure, and flow rate can be precisely controlled.

[0015] By abandoning the mechanical transmission mechanisms of traditional piston pumps, such as crank connecting rods, cams, and sliders, the pump is driven solely by a magnet assembly, a permanent magnet piston, and a controller. This significantly simplifies the overall structure of the pump body, reduces the use of easily damaged parts such as bearings, sealing rings, and transmission gears, not only lowering the manufacturing cost of the equipment but also fundamentally reducing maintenance needs caused by mechanical wear, extending the service life of the pump body, and reducing operating costs during long-term use.

[0016] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. U-shaped pipeline; 2. Cylinder liner; 3. Inlet pipe; 4. Outlet pipe; 5. First inlet check valve; 6. Second inlet check valve; 7. First outlet check valve; 8. Second outlet check valve; 9. Piston; 10. First limit switch; 11. Second limit switch; 12. Magnet assembly; 13. Controller; 14. Mounting flange. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is described more specifically in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or may have a component in between. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2An embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic piston pump, comprising a loop pipe 1 and a cylinder liner 2. The cylinder liner 2 is fixedly installed in the middle of the loop pipe 1 and is connected to the loop pipe 1. An inlet pipe 3 and an outlet pipe 4 are respectively installed on the middle positions of the two sides of the loop pipe 1 corresponding to the cylinder liner 2. A first inlet check valve 5, a second inlet check valve 6, a first outlet check valve 7, and a second outlet check valve 8 are respectively installed on the two ends of the loop pipe 1 corresponding to the cylinder liner 2. A piston 9 is installed inside the cylinder liner 2. Piston 9 is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet. Piston 9 is axially magnetized, with its upper and lower ends being N and S poles, respectively. A first limit switch 10 and a second limit switch 11 are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both ends of cylinder liner 2. Magnet assemblies 12 are fitted and fixed on the outer sides of both ends of cylinder liner 2. A controller 13 connects the enameled copper wire windings on the outer sides of the two magnet assemblies 12. The controller 13 integrates a power module, a drive chip, and a current detection and commutation module, enabling continuous power supply or pulse commutation control. The power module outputs DC voltage to power the enameled copper wire windings of the magnet assembly 12. The drive chip receives signals from the first limit switch 10 and the second limit switch 11 and generates control commands to achieve rapid switching of the current direction in the magnet assembly 12. The current detection module provides real-time feedback of the winding current for closed-loop adjustment of the electromagnetic force.

[0022] The magnet assembly 12 is an electromagnet or an electro-permanent magnet assembly. The electro-permanent magnet assembly can achieve alternating changes in magnetic poles through instantaneous pulse current and maintain magnetic pole polarity after power is cut off.

[0023] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, cylinder liner 2 is made of 304 stainless steel to ensure that cylinder liner 2 will not be interfered with by the magnetic force of piston 9.

[0024] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the surface of piston 9 is coated with a smooth fluororubber layer through a vulcanization process, which not only ensures the sealing fit between piston 9 and the inner wall of cylinder liner 2, but also reduces the frictional resistance during movement.

[0025] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the magnet assembly 12 is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, which can reduce eddy current losses; the electro-permanent magnet uses composite magnetic materials.

[0026] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the number of turns of the enameled copper wire winding on the outside of the magnet assembly 12 can be adjusted between five hundred and two thousand, and the enameled copper wire winding can be customized and adjusted according to the output force requirements.

[0027] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1and Figure 2 As shown, the outer side of the magnet assembly 12 is provided with an aluminum alloy shell, which serves both heat dissipation and protection functions.

[0028] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a mounting flange 14 is fixedly installed at the end position of the loop pipe 1 corresponding to the cylinder liner 2, which is used to fix the installation position of this device.

[0029] Working principle when magnet assembly 12 is driven by an electromagnet: Piston 9 is located in the middle of cylinder liner 2, and the magnet assemblies 12 at both ends are not energized, so the pump body is in standby mode. The drive chip in controller 13 issues a command and supplies a positive current to the enameled copper wire winding in the upper magnet assembly 12 through the power module, so that the magnetic pole surface of the upper magnet assembly 12 facing the piston 9 presents an S pole and attracts the opposite pole of the N pole at the upper end of the piston 9. At the same time, a reverse current is supplied to the enameled copper wire winding in the lower magnet assembly 12, so that the magnetic pole surface of the lower magnet assembly 12 facing the piston 9 presents an S pole and repels the same pole of the S pole at the lower end of the piston 9. Under the combined action of the upper attraction and the lower thrust, the piston 9 moves upward rapidly, the volume of the upper chamber of cylinder liner 2 decreases and the pressure increases, the first inlet check valve 5 closes and the first outlet check valve 7 opens, and the fluid in the upper chamber of cylinder liner 2 is discharged from the outlet pipe 4. At the same time, the volume of the lower chamber of cylinder liner 2 increases and the pressure decreases, the second inlet check valve 6 opens and the second outlet check valve 8 closes, and the fluid in the lower chamber is drawn in from the inlet pipe 3. When piston 9 moves to the position of the first limit switch 10 on the upper side of cylinder liner 2, the first limit switch 10 sends a position signal to the drive chip of controller 13. The drive chip immediately switches the current direction, and the enameled copper wire winding in the upper magnet assembly 12 is supplied with reverse current. The magnetic pole face facing piston 9 switches to N pole, which repels the N pole at the upper end of piston 9. The enameled copper wire winding in the lower magnet assembly 12 is supplied with reverse current, and the magnetic pole face facing piston 9 switches to N pole, which attracts the S pole at the lower end of piston 9. Under the action of the upper thrust and the lower attraction, piston 9 moves downward. The volume of the upper chamber of cylinder liner 2 increases and the pressure decreases. The first inlet check valve 5 opens and the first outlet check valve closes. Fluid in the upper chamber of cylinder liner 2 is drawn in through the inlet pipe 3. At the same time, the volume of the lower chamber of cylinder liner 2 decreases and the pressure increases. The second inlet check valve 6 is closed, and the second outlet check valve 8 is opened. The fluid in the lower chamber of the cylinder liner 2 is discharged from the outlet pipe 4. The magnet assemblies 12 at both ends of the cylinder liner 2 can simultaneously apply attraction and thrust to the piston 9, forming a bidirectional synergistic electromagnetic driving force. This breaks through the limitation of the traditional electromagnetic piston pump's single-direction electromagnetic force drive, improves the driving torque of the piston 9's reciprocating motion, enhances the pump's output pressure and flow rate, meets the needs of high-pressure and high-flow water transportation, and improves the working efficiency of fluid transportation. At the same time, by alternately changing the polarity of the magnet assembly 12 and combining the bidirectional force of the magnet assemblies 12 at both ends, the reciprocating motion of the piston 9 becomes more stable and controllable, reducing the impact and vibration during the movement. Compared with the vibration and noise problems of traditional mechanical transmission piston pumps, the operating noise is lower and the vibration amplitude is smaller.

[0030] Based on the position feedback from the first limit switch 10 and the second limit switch 11, the controller 13 continuously and alternately switches the current direction of the enameled copper wire windings on the outer side of the magnet assembly 12 at both ends, causing the piston 9 to reciprocate continuously within the cylinder liner 2, achieving continuous fluid intake and discharge. Simultaneously, the power module can precisely control the electromagnetic force intensity by adjusting the winding current, thereby regulating the piston 9's movement speed and the pump's output pressure and flow rate. This eliminates the mechanical transmission mechanisms of traditional piston pumps, such as crank connecting rods, cams, and sliders, and drives the pump only through the magnet assembly 12, the permanent magnet piston 9, and the controller 13. This significantly simplifies the overall pump structure, reduces the use of easily damaged parts such as bearings, sealing rings, and transmission gears, not only lowering the equipment's manufacturing cost but also fundamentally reducing maintenance needs caused by mechanical wear, extending the pump's service life, and reducing operating costs during long-term use.

[0031] Working principle when magnet assembly 12 is driven by an electro-permanent magnet: Based on the above-mentioned electromagnet driving working principle, the electro-permanent magnet adopts the magnetic pole alternation technology. Only at the moment of commutation, the controller outputs an instantaneous pulse current to drive the internal magnetic domains to directionally flip, realizing the rapid switching between the N pole and the S pole. After the pulse ends, the magnetic pole state remains unchanged.

[0032] After receiving the signal from the limit switch 11, the controller 13 outputs a positive pulse to the upper electro-permanent magnet, making it the S pole, and also outputs a positive pulse to the lower electro-permanent magnet, making it the S pole. The upper poles attract each other, and the lower poles repel each other, causing the piston to move upwards. When the piston 9 triggers the limit switch, the controller outputs a reverse pulse, causing the poles of both electro-permanent magnets to flip synchronously, with the upper poles repelling each other and the lower poles attracting each other, causing the piston to move downwards. Through periodic pulse control, the alternating changes in the electro-permanent magnet poles drive the piston in a stable reciprocating motion, completing the liquid suction and discharge process.

[0033] The electro-permanent magnet drive mode does not require continuous power supply, maintains magnetic force statically, has significant energy-saving effect, no obvious temperature rise, fast response, low vibration, and is suitable for long-term continuous operation and high-precision conveying scenarios.

[0034] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, utilizing the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any equivalent changes, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic piston pump, characterized in that, The system includes a loop pipe (1) and a cylinder liner (2). The cylinder liner (2) is fixedly installed in the middle of the loop pipe (1) and connected to the loop pipe (1). A water inlet pipe (3) and a water outlet pipe (4) are respectively installed on the middle positions of both sides of the loop pipe (1) corresponding to the cylinder liner (2). A first water inlet check valve (5), a second water inlet check valve (6), a first water outlet check valve (7), and a second water outlet check valve (8) are respectively installed on both ends of the loop pipe (1) corresponding to the cylinder liner (2). A piston (9) is installed inside the cylinder liner (2). The piston (9) is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet. The piston (9) is axially magnetized. A first limit switch (10) and a second limit switch (11) are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both ends of the cylinder liner (2). Magnet assemblies (12) are fixedly fitted on the outer sides of both ends of the cylinder liner (2). Enamelled copper wire windings are wound on the outer side of the magnet assemblies (12). A controller (13) is connected between the enamelled copper wire windings on the outer side of the two magnet assemblies (12). The magnet assembly (12) is an electromagnet or an electro-permanent magnet assembly. The electro-permanent magnet assembly can achieve alternating magnetic pole changes through instantaneous pulse current and maintain magnetic pole polarity after power failure.

2. The electromagnetic piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder liner (2) is made of 304 stainless steel.

3. The electromagnetic piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston (9) is covered with a smoothed fluororubber layer.

4. An electromagnetic piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic core of the magnet assembly (12) is made of laminated silicon steel sheets or composite soft magnetic materials.

5. An electromagnetic piston pump according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of turns of the enameled copper wire winding on the outside of the magnet assembly (12) is between five hundred and two thousand.

6. An electromagnetic piston pump according to claim 5, characterized in that, The magnet assembly (12) is provided with an aluminum alloy shell on its outer side.

7. An electromagnetic piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loop pipe (1) is fixedly installed with a mounting flange (14) at the end position corresponding to the cylinder liner (2).

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