Elastomeric support having a bulge formed by upsetting

Abstract

The present invention relates to an elastomeric support having a raised portion formed by upsetting, the elastomeric support (2) having an inner sleeve (4) having at least one upsetting geometry (12) formed on the outer peripheral side, wherein the at least one upsetting geometry (12) induces compressive stress into the elastomeric body (10).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Elastomer supports are known in practice. They consist of an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, and an elastomer body that elastically connects the two together. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, if a tube is clamped between two surfaces at its end and gestauchted, it will bulge outward at its center as long as the tube is prevented from buckling (the fourth Euler buckling case). Thus, even a thick-walled cylindrical inner sleeve, as might be used in an elastomeric support, can be profiled at its center without the need for machining.

[0003] To reduce tensile stress in the elastomeric support caused by the shrinkage of the elastomeric material during cooling, the support is typically calibrated externally. This can be achieved by plastically deforming the outer sleeve and / or reducing its diameter. A slotted bushing can also be used. Furthermore, the advantage of a slotted bushing is that it allows for the calibration of the radially internal elastomeric traces when a slotted intermediate plate is used within the elastomeric body. If a slotted bushing cannot be used, or external calibration cannot be performed, or an unslotted intermediate plate is used, calibration "from the inside" via the inner sleeve must be considered. This calibration is performed by calibrating the inner sleeve. In this method, a mandrel larger than the bore of the inner sleeve is pressed through it. This increases the outer diameter of the inner sleeve; compressive stress is induced in the surrounding elastomeric material. However, the inner sleeve is widened along its entire length. Thus, the original shape is largely preserved: for example, a cylinder remains a cylinder. The degree of calibrating is also limited, as excessive calibrating can cause the inner sleeve to crack, increase mandrel wear, and increase the required force.

[0004] Furthermore, it is known that elastomeric supports with plastic outer sleeves cannot be calibrated externally due to the material's lack of plasticity. Instead, the common practice here is to press it into a small-diameter auge, reducing the diameter of the plastic outer sleeve in the process, and thereby calibrating it. However, this requires the pressing operation and the resulting force-locking between the plastic outer sleeve and the receiving auge. Bushings, for example, that are fixed solely by form-locking (e.g., because they are wound with CFK and the receiving auge is subsequently made by hardening), cannot be calibrated in this way. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the aim is to find a solution for improving the calibration of elastomer supports.

[0006] This task is solved by the elastomer support, the component, and the method described above.

[0007] The present invention relates to an elastomer support, comprising an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve surrounding the inner sleeve on its outer periphery when forming an intermediate space, and an elastomer body disposed in the intermediate space and connecting the sleeves to each other, wherein the inner sleeve forms at least one upset geometry on its outer periphery, wherein the at least one upset geometry induces compressive stress into the elastomer body.

[0008] It has been recognized that increasing the outer diameter of the inner sleeve by upsetting it after vulcanizing the elastomer body solves a problem of the prior art. This enables a high calibration rate because, compared to diameter expansion, upsetting primarily introduces compressive stress into the inner sleeve, while introducing less circumferential tensile stress. The upsetting geometry induces calibration compressive stress into the existing elastomer body. During upsetting, the cross-section increases at least locally, while the length decreases.

[0009] Upsetting geometry induces compressive stress into the elastomer support and optimizes the tensile stress distribution within the elastomer body. This, in turn, increases the lifespan of the elastomer body. Upsetting geometry may include at least one protrusion and / or a valley defined on both sides by two protrusions. The upsetting geometry is formed by an inner sleeve.

[0010] The outer sleeve can be uncalibrated and / or non-calibrable. The outer sleeve can be uncalibrated in a pre-installed state. Since calibration is performed from the inside via the inner sleeve, external calibration is no longer required. This provides new design freedom for the outer sleeve, such as regarding its geometry and / or material. The outer sleeve can be uncalibrated in an installed state. Since calibration is performed from the inside via the inner sleeve, external calibration is no longer required. The outer sleeve can be ungrooved.

[0011] The inner sleeve is an upsetting inner sleeve. Before upsetting, the inner sleeve may be a hollow cylinder, preferably a hollow cylinder in a mathematical sense. Before upsetting, the inner sleeve has an initial length and an initial outer diameter between its end sides. After upsetting, the inner sleeve has an upsetting length between its end sides that is less than the initial length, and its initial outer diameter is also increased, at least in a localized area. The inner sleeve can be upset by more than 2%, preferably more than 4%, particularly preferably more than 8%. Upsetting exceeding 10%, 15%, 20%, or 25% is conceivable. Results show that the present invention makes it possible to achieve a calibration rate far exceeding known upsetting degrees without the inner sleeve breaking. A central longitudinal axis passes through the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve may be symmetrical about the transverse central plane and / or rotationally symmetrical about the central longitudinal axis. After upsetting, the outer diameter of the inner sleeve may not increase along its entire length. The outer diameter of the inner sleeve may increase only partially after upsetting. Thus, the area of ​​the inner sleeve (e.g., its end sides) can remain without an increase in outer diameter. The inner sleeve of the elastomeric support is a calibrated inner sleeve. The inner sleeve is upset for calibrating the elastomeric support; preferably, the calibration of the elastomeric support is performed solely through the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve has an outer circumferential surface on its outer circumferential side. The upset geometry is located on the outer circumferential side of the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve may have a fixing hole extending along the central longitudinal axis. The fixing hole may be a through hole. In the through hole, the inner sleeve has an inner circumferential surface. Fixing elements (e.g., bolts or screws) can be engaged into the fixing hole. Thus, the inner sleeve can be fixed to the component in the installed state. The inner sleeve may have an end side at each of its two axial ends. The end sides may have an outer diameter. It is conceivable that these outer diameters do not undergo an increase through upset forging. These outer diameters may correspond to the initial outer diameter.

[0012] Upsetting geometry is a geometry created by upsetting an inner sleeve. Upsetting geometry is the plastic deformation of the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve is upset along its central longitudinal axis. The upsetting geometry is formed into and / or radially abuts the elastomer body. The inner sleeve may include a single upsetting geometry. The upsetting geometry protrudes radially. The upsetting geometry may extend circumferentially, preferably continuously. This allows for circumferentially uniform alignment. The upsetting geometry is visible on the inner sleeve, for example through corresponding surface structures of the inner sleeve, which are created due to material flow during upsetting. The central longitudinal axis passes through the upsetting geometry. The upsetting geometry may be symmetrical about the transverse central plane and / or rotationally symmetrical about the central longitudinal axis.

[0013] The elastomer body is subjected to compressive stress loading by the upsetting geometry. This compressive stress acts radially. This can be demonstrated, for example, by the increase in the outer diameter of the elastomer body when the outer sleeve is removed. The elastomer body can be pressed against the outer sleeve or an uncalibrated outer sleeve by the upsetting geometry or a calibrated inner sleeve. The elastomer body can form a common contact surface with the upsetting geometry. The central longitudinal axis passes through the elastomer body. The elastomer body can be symmetrical about the transverse central plane and / or rotationally symmetrical about the central longitudinal axis. The elastomer body can be material-locked to the outer circumferential surface of the inner sleeve, preferably vulcanized. The elastomer body can be material-locked to the inner circumferential surface of the outer sleeve, preferably vulcanized, or rest there without material locking. The elastomer body can be a one-piece elastomer body. The elastomer body can elastically connect the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve and / or have no intermediate plate. The intermediate plate can divide the elastomer body into radially internal and radially external elastomer traces. The absence of an intermediate plate contributes to the radially continuous caliability of the elastomer body. In longitudinal section, the elastomer body may have a contraction portion. The contraction length is the shortest axial distance between opposite ends of the elastomer body.

[0014] The central longitudinal axis passes through the elastomeric support. The elastomeric support may be symmetrical about the transverse central plane and / or rotationally symmetrical about the central longitudinal axis. The elastomeric support may be a bearing bushing.

[0015] According to an improved embodiment, the upsetting geometry can have an outer diameter larger than the end-side outer diameter of the inner sleeve. Preferably, the upsetting geometry is or includes at least one upsetting annular protrusion and / or at least one upsetting valley. The upsetting annular protrusion and / or the upsetting valley has an outer diameter larger than the initial outer diameter. Along the central longitudinal axis, the upsetting valley can be formed between two upsetting annular protrusions. The upsetting annular protrusion and / or the upsetting valley are produced by upsetting.

[0016] It is conceivable that the upset geometry or inner sleeve comprises only a single upset annular protrusion. This can be achieved, for example, by selecting a suitable material for the inner sleeve. This single upset annular protrusion can be arranged in the transverse center plane and / or at the center of the elastomer support. This upset annular protrusion serves to induce high-pressure stress into the elastomer body and propagate towards higher radial stiffness, in a direction that tends towards low omnidirectional stiffness and partially low axial stiffness. Furthermore, the elastomer body is centered and aligned by the inner sleeve, i.e., where the padding of the elastomer body is arranged. This improves the support life and increases stiffness. This is due to the compressive stress induced by alignment. Compared to a cylindrical inner sleeve, at a given stiffness, this upset annular protrusion results in more uniform elongation within the elastomer body. This further improves the support life.

[0017] It is conceivable that the maximum outer diameter of at least one upset annular protrusion (preferably at least two upset annular protrusions) exists radially outside the shortest contraction portion of the elastomer body. In this way, the body of the elastomer body or its padding layer can be well supported axially between the two upset annular protrusions.

[0018] It is conceivable that the upset geometry or inner sleeve comprises two upset annular protrusions and an upset valley. This can be achieved, for example, by selecting a suitable material and / or geometry for the inner sleeve. These two upset annular protrusions and / or upset valleys can be symmetrical about the transverse central plane and / or rotationally symmetrical about the central longitudinal axis. The upset valleys can transition into the upset annular protrusions on both sides along the central longitudinal axis. This orientation does not create angles that could damage the elastomer. The advantage of two upset annular protrusions is that, under corresponding loads, the elastomer can be axially supported there, thus reducing axial offset. The upset annular protrusions and upset valleys facilitate the extension of the characteristic curve towards high axial and radial stiffness while maintaining low torsional stiffness. Furthermore, while the upset valley forms an annular groove for the elastomer body, it still calibrates it. The upset valley has an outer diameter smaller than one or both outer diameters of the two adjacent upset annular protrusions. The outer diameter of the upsetting valley is larger than the diameter of the inner sleeve at the same position before upsetting (initial outer diameter).

[0019] It can be envisioned that the upsetting annular protrusion has a convex profile relative to the central longitudinal axis. It can also be envisioned that the upsetting valley has a concave profile relative to the central longitudinal axis. This orientation will not create angles that could damage the elastomer.

[0020] According to an improved design, the upsetting geometry forms a central diameter in the transverse central plane of the elastomer support. This central diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve's end or the initial diameter of the inner sleeve's end. The central diameter is the central outer diameter. This ensures that the elastomer body is subjected to compressive stress loading in the transverse central plane.

[0021] According to an improved embodiment, the elastomer body can be subjected to radial pressure loading on the outer periphery of the upsetting geometry within a transverse central plane. Based on the calibration rate generated by upsetting, the tensile stress present in the elastomer body after vulcanization and subsequent cooling due to thermal shrinkage can be partially or completely compensated by the upsetting geometry.

[0022] According to an improved embodiment, the outer sleeve can be made of plastic or fiber-plastic-composite material, preferably thermoplastic. Preferably, the outer sleeve has at least one undercut element on its outer periphery, such as a rib, at least one recess, and / or at least one thickening. The rib, recess, and / or thickening serves to secure the elastomer support, preferably axially and / or circumferentially, within the receiving hole. The undercut element or rib, recess, and / or thickening can form a form-locking with the receiving hole, preferably only a form-locking. The inner sleeve calibration upsetting of the present invention is particularly advantageous when the elastomer support is provided with a plastic outer sleeve that cannot be delivered in a calibrated state due to material limitations. Through form-locking, the elastomer support is sufficiently secured within / on the receiving hole, eliminating the need for force locking between the outer sleeve and the receiving hole. Form-locking can secure the outer sleeve within the receiving hole in three translational directions (X, Y, Z in Cartesian coordinates) and at least two rotational directions, preferably three rotational directions (rotation about X, Y, Z).

[0023] It is conceivable that the inner sleeve is made of aluminum or steel. In particular, when using aluminum, an exceptionally high increase in outer diameter relative to the initial diameter of more than 10% can be achieved, far exceeding the known expansion rate of 2%. This allows significant compressive stress to be introduced into the elastomer body.

[0024] It can be assumed that the inner sleeve has a wall thickness of more than 5 mm. As a result, the inner sleeve is particularly easy to forge and sufficiently stable.

[0025] It can be envisioned that the inner sleeve is made of steel, with an upsetting geometry or the inner sleeve consisting of only a single upsetting annular protrusion. The wall thickness of the inner sleeve can exceed 5 mm.

[0026] It can be envisioned that the inner sleeve is made of aluminum with a wall thickness exceeding 5 mm, wherein the upset geometry or inner sleeve comprises exactly two upset annular protrusions and one upset valley. Therefore, the upset geometry can extend over a very long axial region. Surprisingly, it has been found that the formation of two upset annular protrusions is achievable for an aluminum inner sleeve with a wall thickness of at least 5 mm.

[0027] It can be envisioned that the longitudinal profile of the outer circumferential surface of the inner sleeve deviates more strongly from a straight line (parallel to the central longitudinal axis) than the longitudinal profile of the inner circumferential surface. The deformation of the inner sleeve on the outer circumferential side can be more pronounced than on the inner circumferential side. This deformation occurs through upsetting. Therefore, even after upsetting, the fixing element can pass through the through hole.

[0028] According to an improved embodiment, the outer sleeve may have a fully encircling collar formed at each of its two axial ends, extending radially by at least 3 mm, and capable of form-locking the elastomeric support in both axial directions. These collars allow the elastomeric support to be form-locked in both axial directions, preferably within receiving holes. The overlap between the collars and the receiving holes can be at least 3 mm. Because the collars extend radially by at least 3 mm, slippage of the elastomeric support is reliably prevented. Furthermore, the collars offer manufacturing advantages: if the elastomeric support is pre-installed in an assembly made of thermosetting plastic, the resin-impregnated semi-finished product can be placed around the support before the component is placed in a hot press and hardened there. In this case, the two collars serve as positioning aids when placing the semi-finished product.

[0029] Furthermore, it can be envisioned that the collars are completely encircling the shaft, at least within a 3 mm radial extension. Therefore, they are uninterrupted in this region. Consequently, the collars are exceptionally robust under axial loads and will only fracture under very high axial forces.

[0030] According to the present invention, an assembly is also provided, comprising a receiving eyelet of a mounting structure and an elastomeric support according to the present disclosure, the elastomeric support comprising an outer sleeve made of plastic or fiber-plastic composite material, wherein the outer sleeve is fixed to and / or within the receiving eyelet.

[0031] The advantages described above regarding the elastomeric support also apply similarly to this component, and are cited here.

[0032] If the elastomeric support does not have a snap-fit ​​element (such as a non-protruding rib or recess) that prevents it from being pressed into the receiving hole, the elastomeric support can be pressed into the hole and secured there by force locking. The elastomeric support can be pressed into the receiving hole. Alternatively, the receiving hole can be formed on the outer periphery of the outer sleeve. The elastomeric support is in a pre-installed state before the receiving hole is pressed in or before the receiving hole is formed on the outer sleeve. It is in an installed state after installation (e.g., pressing in) or after the receiving hole is formed on the outer sleeve. The receiving hole has a retaining area for the elastomeric support. The elastomeric support has a retaining area for the receiving hole. The outer sleeve can be formed with a press fit or form fit to the receiving hole for fixation. The receiving hole may have an inner diameter in its retaining area that is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer sleeve in its retaining area before installation. The difference between the outer diameter of the outer sleeve in its retaining area (in the pre-installed state) and the inner diameter of the receiving hole in its retaining area can be in the range of 0.5% to 1.5% of the inner diameter of the receiving hole in its retaining area.

[0033] The receiving orifice can be formed around the outer sleeve during hot pressing. Therefore, the elastomeric support cannot be calibrated externally, or can only be calibrated with great difficulty. This is particularly true for the outer sleeve and / or receiving orifice, which are made of plastic. Advantageously, the elastomeric support can be calibrated internally via the inner sleeve, thus it can comprise both the outer sleeve and the plastic. It is conceivable that the elastomeric support has already been calibrated via the upset inner sleeve prior to the hot pressing process.

[0034] According to one improvement, the receiving eyelet can be a plastic eyelet, wherein the plastic is a thermoplastic fiber-plastic composite or a thermosetting fiber-plastic composite. The receiving eyelet can be composed of thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic.

[0035] If the accommodating orifice is made of a thermosetting fiber-plastic composite, a resin-impregnated semi-finished product can first be placed around the elastomer support, which can also form the remainder of the mounting structure. The resin-impregnated semi-finished product and at least one unit of the elastomer support can then be placed in a hot press, where the assembly can be pressed into its final shape and thermo-cured.

[0036] Alternatively, a preheated, resin-impregnated thermoplastic semi-finished product can be used to accommodate the orifice. This semi-finished product can be placed in a hot press along with the elastomer support and flow through the elastomer support there through a subsequent pressing process to form the orifice, which is then hardened by cooling below the melting point.

[0037] Similarly, it is theoretically conceivable to place the elastomer support in an injection molding machine and then overmold it with thermoplastic fiber-reinforced plastic to form a cavity.

[0038] What these three methods have in common is that almost no compressive stress acting from the outside on the outer sleeve is induced into the outer sleeve through the receiving orifice. Instead, the plastic semi-finished product forming the mounting structure can flow through the undercut elements (ribs, recesses, and / or thickenings) preferably formed on the outer sleeve, and ultimately form-lock the elastomeric support securely, preferably only form-locked, in the receiving orifice. If the elastomeric support also has two collars that at least partially surround the receiving orifice, the two collars together can achieve a further particularly secure form-locking in the axial direction, which further supports the fixation of the elastomeric support in the receiving orifice.

[0039] According to one improvement, the thermoplastic or thermosetting fiber-plastic composite material can have an average fiber length of at least 12 mm, preferably at least 25 mm, and particularly preferably at least 50 mm. This allows the use of materials that are less suitable for injection molding but more suitable for compression molding.

[0040] According to one improvement, the receiving eye can be a one-piece eye. Advantageously, the receiving eye, as a plastic eye, is a one-piece eye. Thus, the eye is closed and not divided, therefore no additional processing steps are required, such as threaded connection of the two eye halves. Consequently, the elastomeric support can be secured particularly securely and non-removably via undercuts.

[0041] According to the present invention, a method for manufacturing an elastomer support is also provided, comprising at least the following steps in this sequence:

[0042] - Inner sleeve and outer sleeve are provided.

[0043] - The elastomer body is vulcanized in the intermediate space between the inner and outer sleeves to connect the sleeves to each other.

[0044] - The inner sleeve is upset by applying force to at least one end side of the inner sleeve to form the upset geometry of the inner sleeve.

[0045] The advantages described above regarding the elastomeric support and components also apply similarly to this method, and are hereby referenced. The manufactured elastomeric support can be an elastomeric support according to this disclosure. Upsetting is used for calibration.

[0046] Upsetting can be performed by applying force to only one end of the inner sleeve or by applying opposing forces to both ends of the inner sleeve. Prior to upsetting, the inner sleeve can be positioned between two pressure plates via its ends. This facilitates uniform force input and high-quality generation of the upsetting geometry. It is conceivable that each pressure plate has a centering protrusion that engages in a retaining hole in the inner sleeve. This serves to secure the elastomeric support during upsetting and support the retaining hole in the inner sleeve, further reducing / preventing a decrease in the diameter of the retaining hole.

[0047] According to a conceivable improvement, it can be specified that the vulcanized elastomer body be cooled before upsetting. Significantly, the elastomer support should be completely cooled, preferably stored for at least 12 hours, before upsetting is specified. This ensures that the cross-linking in the elastomer body is almost completely completed, and the calibration performed by upsetting thus results in compressive stress in the elastomer body particularly effectively and persistently.

[0048] According to one conceivable improvement, the elastomeric support can be installed in and / or within a receiving hole, followed by an upsetting step. Upsetting after installation enables "on-site" upsetting.

[0049] According to a conceivable improvement, the elastomeric support can be installed in and / or within a receiving hole after the upsetting step. Upsetting prior to installation facilitates a more favorable handling of the elastomeric support.

[0050] According to the present invention, a method for manufacturing a component is also provided, comprising at least the following steps in this sequence:

[0051] - An elastomeric support, including an upsetting inner sleeve, is wound with a thermosetting semi-finished product impregnated with resin.

[0052] - Place the wound elastomer support into the mold of the hot press.

[0053] - Turn off the hot press and harden the thermosetting semi-finished product impregnated with resin into a receiving hole, and fix the outer sleeve into the receiving hole.

[0054] - Remove the components, including the elastomer support and receiving eyelet.

[0055] This allows for the creation of receiving orifices around the outer sleeve. This method is particularly advantageous when the outer sleeve is made of plastic. Calibration is then performed via the inner sleeve, rather than via the outer periphery and / or by pressing into the orifices. This manufacturing method can also produce mounting structures with receiving orifices (by hardening a thermosetting resin-impregnated semi-finished product into a mounting structure with receiving orifices, into which the outer sleeve is fixed).

[0056] The advantages described above regarding the elastomeric support, components, and methods also apply similarly to the method described herein, and are hereby cited.

[0057] According to the present invention, a method for manufacturing a component is also provided, comprising at least the following steps in this sequence:

[0058] -Thermoplasticized fiber-plastic composite semi-finished products with an average fiber length of at least 12 mm.

[0059] -Place the plasticized semi-finished product and the elastomer support into the mold of the hot press.

[0060] -The hot press is shut down and the receiving hole is formed, and the outer sleeve is fixed in the receiving hole.

[0061] The component can be cooled in the mold until it is at least shaped and stable, and then demolded.

[0062] The upsetting of the inner sleeve can be carried out before it is placed into the pressing die or after the assembly is manufactured.

[0063] This manufacturing method can also produce a mounting structure that accommodates an eyelet (the hot press is closed and a mounting structure with an eyelet is formed, with the outer sleeve fixed in the eyelet).

[0064] The advantages described above regarding the elastomeric support, components, and methods also apply similarly to the method described herein, and are hereby cited.

[0065] Directional descriptions and references, such as axial, radial, circumferential, transverse center plane, cross section, longitudinal section, involving the central longitudinal axis.

[0066] In the pre-installation state, the elastomer support is not yet fixed in the receiving hole / on the device. In the installation state, the elastomer support is fixed in the receiving hole / on the device.

[0067] It should be noted that the elements described herein are disclosed in principle as independent components. An integrated implementation may also be indicated. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Other features, details, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0069] Figure 1 The elastic support before upsetting is shown.

[0070] Figure 2 The first embodiment of the elastomeric support after upsetting is shown.

[0071] Figure 3 The second embodiment of the elastomeric support after upsetting is shown.

[0072] Figure 4 Show Figure 3 Detailed view of the elastomeric support in the mounting structure.

[0073] Figure 5 This illustrates an elastomeric support with a collar in a mounting structure, and

[0074] Figure 6 A flowchart of one method is shown.

[0075] List of reference numerals

[0076] 2. Elastic support

[0077] 4 Inner sleeve

[0078] 6. Outerwear

[0079] 8. Intermediate Space

[0080] 10. Elastomer Body

[0081] 10.1 End side

[0082] 12 Upsetting geometry

[0083] 12.1 Upsetting Annular Protrusion

[0084] 12.2 Upsetting Annular Protrusion

[0085] 12.3 Forging Valley

[0086] 14 Fixing holes

[0087] 16 Openings

[0088] 18 ribs

[0089] 20 Thickened section

[0090] 22 pressure plate

[0091] 24. Accommodating eyelets

[0092] 26 end side

[0093] 28 components

[0094] 30. A sudden surge of calm

[0095] 32 collar

[0096] Axial

[0097] DS end outer diameter

[0098] DZ center outer diameter

[0099] D0 Initial diameter

[0100] D1 Maximum outer diameter of upsetting geometry

[0101] E (contraction length)

[0102] F force

[0103] L0 initial length

[0104] L1 Upsetting Length

[0105] Q. Lateral center plane

[0106] R radial

[0107] S distance

[0108] S01 provides

[0109] SO2 sulfidation

[0110] S03 Cooling

[0111] S04 Upsetting

[0112] S05 Installation

[0113] U Zhou Xiang

[0114] Z-center longitudinal axis Detailed Implementation

[0115] In the accompanying drawings, identical or corresponding elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and therefore will not be described again unless appropriate. To avoid repetition, features already described will not be restated, and unless explicitly excluded, these features apply to all elements with the same or corresponding reference numerals. The disclosure contained throughout this specification can be applied semantically to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same part names. Furthermore, location descriptions selected in the specification, such as above, below, side, etc., refer to the drawings that are directly described and shown, and should be applied semantically to the new location when the location changes. Moreover, individual features or combinations of features from the different embodiments shown and described may themselves represent independent, inventive, or solutions according to the invention.

[0116] The central longitudinal axis Z is given. Axial axis A is parallel to the central longitudinal axis Z. Radial axis R extends perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis Z. Circumferential axis U extends around the central longitudinal axis Z. The transverse central plane Q is arranged such that its normal vector lies on the central longitudinal axis Z. The central longitudinal axis Z lies within the longitudinal section.

[0117] Figures 1 to 4 The elastomeric support 2, which serves as a bearing bushing, is shown in longitudinal sections. The central longitudinal axis Z passes through the elastomeric support 2 in the axial direction A.

[0118] The elastic support 2 includes an inner sleeve 4. The inner sleeve 4 is mirror-symmetric about the transverse center plane Q and rotationally symmetric about the central longitudinal axis Z. Before upsetting S04, the inner sleeve 4 is an unupset inner sleeve 4 in the form of a hollow cylinder. Figure 1 Following the upsetting S04 is the upsetting inner sleeve 4 ( Figures 2 to 4 The inner sleeve 4 has a fixing hole 14 extending along the central longitudinal axis Z, which is a through hole 14. Therefore, the through hole 14 also has an opening 16 at each end of the inner sleeve 4. The inner sleeve 4 has an inner circumferential surface within the through hole 14. The inner sleeve 4 has an end side 26 at each of its axial ends. The inner sleeve 4 forms an upsetting geometry 12 on its outer circumferential side by upsetting S04. Figures 2 to 4 The structure is formed by the inner sleeve 4 itself.

[0119] The upsetting geometry 12 is the plastic deformation of the inner sleeve 4. The upsetting geometry 12 protrudes radially R and extends continuously circumferentially U. The upsetting geometry 12 is mirror-symmetric about the transverse central plane Q and rotationally symmetric about the central longitudinal axis Z. The upsetting geometry 12 has an outer diameter larger than the end-side outer diameter DS of the inner sleeve 4, denoted here as D1. The upsetting geometry 12 may include upsetting annular protrusions 12.1, 12.2 with a convex profile relative to the central longitudinal axis Z, and / or include upsetting valleys 12.3 with a concave profile relative to the central longitudinal axis Z.

[0120] The elastomeric support 2 includes an ungrooved outer sleeve 6. The outer sleeve 6 surrounds the inner sleeve 4 on its outer periphery, thereby forming an intermediate space 8. The outer sleeve 6 is an uncalibrated and non-calibrable outer sleeve made of plastic. The outer sleeve 6 has at least ribs 18 on its outer periphery, and... Figure 3 It also has thickened portions 20, which are snap-fit ​​elements and configured to form snaps with receiving holes (not shown).

[0121] The elastomer support 2 also includes an integral elastomer body 10, which is arranged in the intermediate space 8 and elastically connects the inner sleeve 4 and the outer sleeve 6. It is manufactured by vulcanizing SO2 and has no intermediate plate. The elastomer body 10 is material-locked to both the outer circumferential surface of the inner sleeve 4 and the inner circumferential surface of the outer sleeve 6 by vulcanizing SO2. The elastomer body 10 is subjected to compressive stress loading in the radial direction R by the upsetting geometry 12. The elastomer body 10 and the upsetting geometry 12 form a common contact surface, and the central longitudinal axis Z passes through the elastomer body 10. The elastomer body 10 is mirror-symmetric about the transverse central plane Q and rotationally symmetric about the central longitudinal axis Z. The elastomer body 10 has an end side 10.1 at each end in the axial direction. In longitudinal section, it has a contraction in the middle. The contraction length E is the shortest distance in the axial direction A between the opposite end sides 10.1 of the elastomer body 10.

[0122] In order to calibrate the uncalibrated elastomer support 2 ( Figure 1 ), upsetting inner sleeve 4, manufacturing method in Figure 5 As shown in the diagram. The inner sleeve 2 has an initial length L0 and an initial outer diameter D0 between its end sides 26 before upsetting S04. After upsetting S04 ( Figures 2 to 4 The inner sleeve 4 has an upsetting length L1, which is shortened relative to the initial length L0 (in the figure: L0 = L1 + 2S).

[0123] Figure 2 A first embodiment of the upsetting geometry 12 is shown, wherein the inner sleeve 4 is upset by a distance S (only one end is indicated for illustrative purposes) at its two end sides 26 after upsetting S04, and its outer diameter is not increased over its entire length, but only partially. The two end regions located between the upsetting geometry 12 and the end sides 26 remain cylindrical. The inner sleeve 4 is made of steel. Figure 2 The upsetting geometry 12 has a unique upsetting annular protrusion 12.1, which has an outer diameter larger than the initial outer diameter D0 and also larger than the end-side outer diameter DS. This unique upsetting annular protrusion 12.1 is arranged in the transverse central plane Q and located at the center of the elastic support 2. Corresponding to this single upsetting annular protrusion 12.1, the inner diameter of the steel inner sleeve 4 has been widened.

[0124] Figure 3 The aluminum inner sleeve 4, shown in a second embodiment of the upsetting geometry 12, includes two upsetting annular protrusions 12.1 and 12.2 and an upsetting valley 12.3 axially located therebetween. The two upsetting annular protrusions 12.1 and 12.2 and the upsetting valley 12.3 each have an outer diameter larger than the initial outer diameter D0 and also larger than the end-side outer diameter DS. The upsetting valley 12.3 is formed between the two upsetting annular protrusions 12.1 and 12.2 along the central longitudinal axis Z. The two upsetting annular protrusions 12.1 and 12.2 and the upsetting valley 12.3 are mirror-symmetric about the transverse central plane Q and rotationally symmetric about the central longitudinal axis Z. The upsetting valley 12.3 transitions into the upsetting annular protrusions 12.1 and 12.2 on both sides along the central longitudinal axis Z. The maximum outer diameter D1 of the two upset annular protrusions 12.1 and 12.2 exists outside the radial R of the shortest contraction portion of the elastomer body 10. Therefore, the maximum outer diameter D1 is not aligned with the contraction portion in the radial R. The upset geometry 12 also has an outer diameter or center diameter DZ in the transverse center plane Q, which is smaller than the outer diameter of the upset geometry 12 outside the transverse center plane Q, indicating that the maximum outer diameter D1 is greater than the center diameter DZ. The center diameter DZ is also greater than the end outer diameter DS of the inner sleeve 4. The longitudinal profile of the outer circumferential surface of the inner sleeve 4 deviates more strongly from a straight line (parallel to the central longitudinal axis Z) than the longitudinal profile of the inner circumferential surface of the inner sleeve 4.

[0125] Figure 4 by Figure 3 The installation state is shown using an example of an elastomeric support. Fixing elements (such as bolts or screws) can be engaged into the fixing holes 14. Figure 4 The image also shows component 28, including a receiving eyelet 24 for mounting structure and an elastomeric support 2 fixed to and within the receiving eyelet 24. The elastomeric support 2 and the receiving eyelet 24 have a fixing area for another component. The receiving eyelet 24 is made of plastic.

[0126] Figure 5 The image shows an elastomeric support in its installed state, which is in relation to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The elastomeric support is the same, except for the configuration of the outer sleeve 6. The outer sleeve 6 forms a fully encircling collar 32 at each of its two axial ends, which extends at least 3 mm in the radial direction R and overlaps with the receiving eyelet 24 by at least 3 mm.

[0127] Figure 6A conceivable method for manufacturing an elastomeric support is shown. In step S01, an inner sleeve 4 and an outer sleeve 6 are provided. Subsequently, in step S02, an elastomeric body 10 is produced. The elastomeric body 10 is vulcanized in the intermediate space 8 between the inner sleeve 4 and the outer sleeve 6. It is material-locked to the sleeves 4 and 6 and connects them to each other. Cooling of the elastomeric body 10 is carried out in S03. Before upsetting S04, the elastomeric body 10 has tensile stress caused by its cooling (… Figure 1 In step S04, the inner sleeve 4 is upset along the central longitudinal axis Z. For this purpose, a force F is applied to at least one end side 26 of the inner sleeve 4, such as... Figure 2 As shown in the example. Before upsetting, the inner sleeve 4 can be arranged between the two pressure plates 22 via its end side 26, as in the example. Figure 2 As shown in the example, each pressure plate 22 may have a centering protrusion 30 that engages centerably in the fixing hole 14. Upsetting S04 results in the formation of an upsetting geometry 12 that induces compressive stress in the elastomer body 10, which counteracts tensile stress there. The upsetting geometry 12 is formed into the elastomer body 10 and abuts against the elastomer body 10 radially R. After step S04, installation can be performed in step S05. However, it is also conceivable that installation is performed first, followed by upsetting.

[0128] This invention is not limited to any of the embodiments described above, but can be modified in various ways. All features and advantages derived from the claims, specification, and drawings, including structural details, spatial arrangements, and method steps, whether individually or in various combinations, may be essential to this invention.

[0129] The scope of this invention includes all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the specification, claims and / or drawings.

[0130] To avoid duplication, features disclosed as apparatus should also be considered as disclosed as methods and are eligible for protection. Similarly, features disclosed as methods should be considered as disclosed as apparatus and are eligible for protection.

Claims

1. An elastomer support (2), the elastomer support (2) comprising: - Inner sleeve (4), - An outer sleeve (6), which surrounds the inner sleeve (4) on its outer periphery while forming an intermediate space (8), and - An elastomer body (10), said elastomer body (10) being arranged in the intermediate space (8) and connecting the inner sleeve (4) and the outer sleeve (6) to each other, characterized in that, - The inner sleeve (4) forms at least one upset geometry (12) on its outer peripheral side, wherein the at least one upset geometry (12) induces compressive stress into the elastomer body (10).

2. The elastic body support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upsetting geometry (12) has an outer diameter larger than the end outer diameter (DS) of the inner sleeve (4). Preferably, the upsetting geometry (12) is at least one upsetting annular protrusion (12.1, 12.2) and / or at least one upsetting valley (12.3) or the upsetting geometry (12) includes at least one upsetting annular protrusion (12.1, 12.2) and / or at least one upsetting valley (12.3).

3. The elastic support according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The forging geometry (12) forms a center diameter (DZ) in the transverse center plane (Q) of the elastic body support (2), and the center diameter is larger than the end outer diameter (DS) of the inner sleeve (4).

4. The elastic support according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The elastomer body (10) is subjected to radial (R) pressure loading on the outer periphery of the upsetting geometry (12) in the transverse central plane (Q).

5. The elastic support according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The outer sleeve (6) is made of plastic or fiber-plastic composite material, preferably thermoplastic material, and preferably, the outer sleeve (6) has at least one buckle element on the outer peripheral side.

6. The elastic support according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The outer sleeve (6) forms a fully encircling collar at each of its two axial ends, the collar extending at least 3 mm radially (R) and capable of fixing the elastomeric support (2) in both axial directions (A) by form-locking.

7. A component, the component comprising: - The receiving hole (24) of the mounting structure, and - The elastic support (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, the elastic support (2) comprising: - Outer sleeve made of plastic or fiber-plastic composite material (6), - Wherein, the outer sleeve (6) is fixed above and / or in the receiving hole (24).

8. The component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The receiving hole (24) is a plastic hole, wherein the plastic is a thermoplastic fiber-plastic composite or a thermosetting fiber-plastic composite.

9. The component according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thermoplastic fiber-plastic composite or the thermosetting fiber-plastic composite has an average fiber length of at least 12 mm, preferably at least 25 mm, and particularly preferably at least 50 mm.

10. The component according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The receiving eyelet (24) is an integral eyelet.

11. A method for manufacturing an elastomer support (2), comprising at least the following steps in this order: - Provides an inner sleeve (4) and an outer sleeve (6), - A vulcanized elastomer body (10) is formed in the intermediate space (8) between the inner sleeve (4) and the outer sleeve (6) to connect the inner sleeve (4) and the outer sleeve (6) to each other. - The inner sleeve (4) is upset by applying a force (F) to at least one end side of the inner sleeve (4) to form the upset geometry (12) of the inner sleeve (4).

12. A method for manufacturing a component (28), comprising at least the following steps in this order: - Wrap the elastomer support (2), which includes the upset inner sleeve (4), with a thermosetting semi-finished product impregnated with resin. - The elastomeric support (2) to be wound is placed into the mold of the hot press. - The hot press is turned off and the thermosetting semi-finished product impregnated with resin is hardened into a receiving hole (24), and the outer sleeve (6) is fixed in the receiving hole.

13. A method for manufacturing a component (28), comprising at least the following steps in this order: - A thermoplasticized semi-finished product, said semi-finished product being made of a fiber-plastic composite material having an average fiber length of at least 12 mm. - The plasticized semi-finished product and the elastomer support (2) are placed into the mold of the hot press. - The hot press is shut down and the receiving hole (24) is formed, and the outer sleeve (6) is fixed in the receiving hole.

Images