An unmanned aerial vehicle electric field sensor protection device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and discloses a protective device for an UAV electric field sensor. The device includes a cabin for installation on a UAV, with an electric field sensor, an air intake assembly, an air outlet pipe, and a nozzle installed inside. The air intake end is connected to the other end of the air outlet pipe, and the air outlet end faces the outer surface of a light-transmitting plate. The air intake flow rate of the air intake assembly is greater than the exhaust flow rate of the air outlet pipe. The light-transmitting plate on the side wall of the cabin ensures that the electric field sensor can normally sense the external electric field. The air intake assembly filters the external air and continuously delivers it into the cabin, while the air outlet pipe exhausts the air inside the cabin, quickly removing heat accumulated inside the cabin due to environmental factors. The nozzle's exhaust end faces the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate, fundamentally preventing the light transmittance of the light-transmitting plate from decreasing due to impurity adsorption. The air intake flow rate being greater than the exhaust flow rate creates a slightly positive pressure environment inside the cabin, stably driving the air inside the cabin to exit through the air outlet pipe into the nozzle while further ensuring the cleanliness of the environment inside the cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, and in particular to a protective device for UAV electric field sensors. Background Technology

[0002] Optical electric field sensors are electric field sensor probes that enable the intensity of transmitted light to change with the electric field strength of the input signal received by the receiving antenna. Their core function is to convert physical quantities such as electric field strength, direction, and dynamic changes into readable optical signals, achieving high-precision, non-contact detection. They can operate stably in harsh environments such as strong electromagnetic interference, flammable and explosive materials, and high voltage. They are widely used in insulation monitoring of high-voltage equipment in power systems and electric field distribution detection of transmission lines, providing support for safe operation and accurate research in related fields. In practical inspection operations such as power line inspection, electric field sensors are typically mounted on drones to perform electric field detection tasks on power equipment such as insulators and transmission lines. For example, Chinese patent document CN218917516U discloses a drone-based insulator electric field measurement device, including a drone body, an airborne terminal, and a ground terminal. The airborne terminal, located on the drone body, includes an optical electric field sensor, a laser rangefinder, an airborne electric field measurement module, a first wireless communication module, and an airborne processor. The ground terminal includes a second wireless communication module and a ground terminal processor. The second wireless communication module is communicatively connected to the first wireless communication module, and the ground terminal processor obtains data collected by the airborne terminal from the second wireless communication module, processes it, and displays it. This device utilizes an optical electric field sensor, combining the advantages of both optical electric field sensors and drones. On the one hand, the optical electric field sensor itself has ultra-high detection sensitivity, which can accurately capture the tiny electric field distortions generated when insulators deteriorate (such as surface dirt, internal cracks, and decreased insulation performance). Its sensitivity is significantly better than some traditional methods such as infrared detection and leakage current detection. On the other hand, the flexibility and mobility of drones provide an ideal mobile detection platform for sensors. They can carry sensors to overcome terrain and space limitations, get close to insulators and other detection targets, minimize environmental interference, and further improve the accuracy and reliability of electric field signal acquisition. With the help of drones, inspection coverage of mountainous areas, cross-river areas and other areas that are difficult to reach by manpower has been achieved. It is suitable for complex scenarios such as high altitude, high voltage and strong electromagnetic fields in power inspection, effectively solving the pain points of traditional insulator deterioration detection, such as difficulty in access, easy interference and low sensitivity, and greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of power equipment condition inspection.

[0003] In this device, the optical electric field sensor is exposed. During actual inspection operations, due to the high speed of the drone, pollutants such as flying insects and dust in the air can easily collide with and adhere to the probe of the optical electric field sensor, causing distortion of the electric field signal and a decrease in measurement accuracy. Therefore, a common technical solution is to add a sealed shell to the sensor. However, adding a sealed shell will also block the heat dissipation path of the optical electric field sensor. In the event of drone flight or high temperature environment, the heat generated by the optical electric field sensor itself and the heat from the external environment will accumulate inside the sealed shell and cannot be dissipated. This can easily cause the internal temperature to exceed the tolerance limit of the optical materials and electronic components, resulting in measurement drift or permanent thermal damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that in the existing UAV-based insulator electric field measurement device, the optical electric field sensor is exposed, which can easily lead to distortion of electric field signal and decrease in measurement accuracy. Adding a sealed shell will block the heat dissipation path of the optical electric field sensor.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a protection device for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) electric field sensor, comprising: The cabin is used to be installed on the drone. An electric field sensor is installed inside the cabin, and a light-transmitting plate for the electric field sensor to sense the external electric field is installed on the side wall of the cabin. The air intake assembly is located on the cabin, with one end connected to the outside air and the other end connected to the interior of the cabin; The exhaust pipe connects to the interior of the cabin at one end. The nozzle has an inlet end connected to the other end of the outlet pipe, and the outlet end faces the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate. The inlet assembly blows outside air into the cabin and drives the air in the cabin to be discharged from the outlet pipe into the nozzle, so that the outlet end of the nozzle exhausts air towards the transparent cover of the light-transmitting plate. The intake flow rate of the intake assembly is greater than the exhaust flow rate of the exhaust pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the light-transmitting plate is a glass cover plate, and a heating wire is embedded in the glass cover plate.

[0007] Preferably, the drone electric field sensor protection device also includes a cleaning component, which is installed on the side of the cabin body near the light-transmitting plate, for scraping off the adhering substances on the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes a scraper, a limiting rod, and a drive motor. The limiting rod is connected to the chamber, and a cavity is provided on one side of the limiting rod. A lead screw extending along the axial direction of the limiting rod is rotatably installed in the cavity. One end of the scraper is threadedly connected to the lead screw. One side of the scraper is in contact with the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate. The drive motor is mounted on the limit rod and is used to drive the lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the scraper to move along the length of the lead screw, so that one side of the scraper moves against the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate.

[0009] Preferably, there are two limiting rods, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and both are connected to the cabin body; Each of the two limiting rods has a cavity on its opposite side, and a lead screw is rotatably installed in each cavity. The two ends of the scraper are threadedly connected to each lead screw. Each limit rod has a drive motor at one end, and the output shaft of each drive motor passes through the corresponding limit rod and is connected to the lead screw. Each drive motor is used to synchronously drive the two lead screws to rotate, thereby driving the scraper to move along the length of each lead screw, so that one side of the scraper moves in contact with the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the air intake assembly includes a fan, a first filter plate, a second filter plate, a drying plate, and an air storage plate connected in sequence. The first filter plate contains a coarse filter screen, the second filter plate contains a fine filter screen, the drying plate contains silica gel desiccant, and the gas storage plate contains a gas storage chamber. The fan is used to draw in outside air and make the outside air pass through the first filter plate, the second filter plate and the drying plate in sequence before entering the air storage chamber in the air storage plate; the air storage chamber is connected to the air inlet of the cabin.

[0011] Preferably, the chamber is provided with multiple clamping components at intervals, each of which is used to clamp the electric field sensor.

[0012] Preferably, each clamping component includes a support plate; The support plate is provided with two sliding grooves, which are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the width of the support plate. Each sliding groove is slidably connected with a first clamping plate. A rubber pad is installed on the opposite side of each of the two first clamping plates. A rotating rod is rotatably installed on the support plate. Both ends of the rotating rod are rotatably connected with a pull rod. The end of each pull rod away from the rotating rod is rotatably connected to each of the first clamping plates. The support plate is also equipped with a servo motor, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the rotating rod.

[0013] Preferably, the drone electric field sensor protection device further includes a locking component, which includes a positioning plate, a mounting plate, and a locking element; The positioning plate is installed on the drone, and the mounting plate is slidably set on the positioning plate. The cabin and the mounting plate are detachably connected, and the locking component is used to limit the sliding position of the mounting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the locking element includes a snap-fit ​​groove, a conical block, and a storage shell; The snap-fit ​​groove is located on the inner wall of the positioning plate; Multiple conical blocks are provided, and each conical block is arranged at intervals along the inner wall of the locking groove. The interval between two adjacent conical blocks forms a locking hole. The storage shell is mounted on the mounting plate. The storage shell has a placement slot, and a movable plate is slidably installed in the placement slot. The storage shell has a second limiting hole on one side that extends into the placement slot. One end of the moving plate extends through the second limiting hole to the outside of the second limiting hole. The extended end of the moving plate is provided with a locking block, which is matched and inserted into the locking hole. A reset spring is fitted on the outer wall of the movable plate inside the second limiting hole. One end of the reset spring abuts against the inner wall of the second limiting hole, and the other end of the reset spring abuts against the movable plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the UAV electric field sensor protection device of this invention are as follows: The cabin of the UAV electric field sensor protection device in this embodiment of the invention provides physical isolation protection for the electric field sensor. The light-transmitting plate set on the side wall of the cabin ensures that the electric field sensor can normally sense the external electric field. The air intake component filters the external air and continuously sends it into the cabin, while the air outlet pipe exhausts the gas inside the cabin. When the continuously flowing air passes through the electric field sensor and the interior of the cabin, it can quickly remove the heat accumulated inside the cabin due to the environment, avoiding the heat accumulation problem in traditional sealed designs, realizing active heat dissipation, and stabilizing the temperature inside the cabin within the optimal operating range of the electric field sensor. This effectively avoids damage to the device caused by the hot and stuffy environment, prevents deformation of the internal optical components and optical materials of the electric field sensor due to thermal expansion and contraction, and prevents the adhesive from softening due to high temperature, thus eliminating serious hidden dangers such as measurement data drift, decreased sensitivity, and even permanent damage to the core components of the electric field sensor. This provides a key guarantee for the long-term stability and reliability of electric field measurement.

[0016] Furthermore, the nozzle's outlet is directed towards the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate, directly spraying air onto the outer surface. This not only directly blows away floating dust and condensed water vapor from the surface of the light-transmitting plate, but also forms an airflow barrier on the outer side of the plate. This airflow barrier can actively intercept dust, droplets, and other fine impurities that collide with the light-transmitting plate during the drone's flight, fundamentally preventing the light transmittance of the plate from decreasing due to impurity adsorption, thereby preventing problems such as distortion of electric field signal transmission and reduced measurement accuracy.

[0017] The intake flow rate being greater than the exhaust flow rate creates a slightly positive pressure environment inside the cabin, stably driving the air inside the cabin to be discharged from the exhaust pipe into the nozzle. Furthermore, microscopic gaps inevitably exist at the connection points between the intake components and the cabin, the connection points between the jet components and the cabin, and the assembly seams between different components of the cabin itself. Under the slightly positive pressure environment, the filtered clean air inside the cabin will continuously and slowly overflow outward through these tiny gaps, forming an airflow barrier from the inside out. This unidirectional airflow effectively blocks the path of external dusty air to infiltrate inward through the gaps, further ensuring the cleanliness of the environment inside the cabin. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning rod in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical canopy structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing flange head structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the cleaning component and the spherical canopy in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing cover structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic clamp structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the movable plate structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake assembly structure in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 16 for Figure 12 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the connection between the mounting plate and the positioning plate in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the movable plate and the second clamping plate in the UAV electric field sensor protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 19 for Figure 6 Enlarged diagram of point D in the middle.

[0019] In the diagram, 1. Cabin; 2. Support frame; 3. Locking assembly; 301. Positioning plate; 302. Snap-fit ​​groove; 303. Conical block; 304. Sliding groove; 305. Mounting plate; 306. Storage shell; 307. First limiting hole; 308. Second limiting hole; 309. Return spring; 310. Moving plate; 311. Arc groove; 312. Second clamping plate; 313. Positioning shaft; 314. Push rod; 4. Sealing flange head; 5. Sealing cover; 6. Spherical cabin cover; 7. Light-transmitting plate; 8. Heating wire; 9. Cleaning assembly; 901. Limiting rod; 902. Scraper; 903. Lead screw; 904. Drive motor; 10. Air outlet pipe; 11. Nozzle; 12. Air inlet hose; 13. Air inlet assembly; 1301. 1302. Fan; 1303. First filter plate; 1304. Second filter plate; 1305. Drying plate; 1306. Air storage plate; 1307. Coarse filter screen; 1308. Fine filter screen; 1309. Silica gel desiccant; 14. First sealing ring; 15. Second sealing ring; 16. Positioning rod; 17. Limiting frame; 18. Clamping assembly; 1801. Support plate; 1802. Slide groove; 1803. First clamping plate; 1804. Rubber pad; 1805. Rotating rod; 1806. Pull rod; 1807. Servo motor; 19. Control valve; 20. Mounting hole; 21. Circular groove; 22. Circular rubber ring; 23. Elastic clamp; 24. Threaded post; 25. Through port; 26. Third sealing ring; 27. Valve. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in this invention to describe various types of information, but these terms are not limited to them; they are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this invention, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a protection device for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) electric field sensor, comprising: Cabin 1 is used to be installed on the drone. An electric field sensor is installed inside the cabin 1, and a light-transmitting plate 7 is installed on the side wall of the cabin 1 to allow the electric field sensor to sense the external electric field. The air intake assembly 13 is located on the cabin 1, with one end connected to the outside air and the other end connected to the interior of the cabin 1. The exhaust pipe 10 is connected at one end to the interior of the cabin 1; The nozzle 11 has an air inlet end connected to the other end of the air outlet pipe 10, and the air outlet end faces the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate 7. The air inlet assembly 13 blows external air into the cabin 1 and drives the air in the cabin 1 to be discharged from the air outlet pipe 10 into the nozzle 11, so that the air outlet end of the nozzle 11 exhausts air towards the transparent cover of the light-transmitting plate 7. The intake flow rate of the intake assembly 13 is greater than the exhaust flow rate of the exhaust pipe 10.

[0025] The cabin 1 in the UAV electric field sensor protection device of this embodiment provides physical isolation protection for the electric field sensor. The light-transmitting plate 7 set on the side wall of the cabin 1 ensures that the electric field sensor can normally sense the external electric field. The air intake component 13 filters the external air and continuously sends it into the cabin, while the air outlet pipe 10 exhausts the gas in the cabin. When the continuously flowing air passes through the electric field sensor and the interior of the cabin 1, it can quickly remove the heat accumulated inside the cabin 1 due to the environment, avoiding the heat accumulation problem in traditional sealed designs, realizing active heat dissipation, and stabilizing the temperature inside the cabin within the optimal operating range of the electric field sensor. This effectively avoids damage to the device caused by the hot and stuffy environment, prevents deformation of the internal optical components and optical materials of the electric field sensor due to thermal expansion and contraction, and prevents the adhesive from softening due to high temperature, thus eliminating serious hidden dangers such as measurement data drift, sensitivity reduction, and even permanent damage to the core components of the electric field sensor. This provides a key guarantee for the long-term stability and reliability of electric field measurement.

[0026] Furthermore, the outlet of the nozzle 11 faces the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate 7, directly spraying air onto the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate 7. On the one hand, it can directly blow away the floating dust and condensed water vapor on the surface of the light-transmitting plate 7. On the other hand, it can form an airflow barrier on the outside of the light-transmitting plate 7. This airflow barrier can actively intercept dust, droplets and other fine impurities that collide with the light-transmitting plate 7 during the flight of the UAV, fundamentally avoiding the decrease in light transmittance of the light-transmitting plate 7 caused by the adsorption of impurities, thereby preventing problems such as distortion of electric field signal transmission and reduction in measurement accuracy.

[0027] The intake flow rate being greater than the exhaust flow rate creates a slightly positive pressure environment inside the chamber 1, stably driving the air inside the chamber 1 to be discharged from the exhaust pipe 10 into the nozzle 11. Furthermore, microscopic gaps inevitably exist at the connection points between the intake assembly 13 and the chamber 1, the connection points between the jet assembly and the chamber 1, and the assembly seams between different components of the chamber 1 itself. Under the slightly positive pressure environment, the filtered clean air inside the chamber 1 will continuously and slowly overflow outward through these tiny gaps, forming an airflow barrier from the inside out. This unidirectional airflow effectively blocks the path of external dusty air to penetrate inward through the gaps, further ensuring the cleanliness of the environment inside the chamber 1.

[0028] Specifically, the light-transmitting plate 7 is a glass cover plate, and a heating wire 8 is embedded in the glass cover plate. When facing harsh environments such as rain, snow, high humidity, or low temperature icing, water vapor may invade the inside of the electric field sensor, thereby damaging the optical components and circuit system. At this time, the air intake component 13 and the air outlet pipe 10 can be closed to form a completely sealed protective space in the cabin 1, fundamentally blocking the intrusion of external moisture. In addition, the heating wire 8 is energized and heats up, controlling the surface temperature of the glass cover plate to be slightly higher than the ambient dew point. This not only quickly melts the frost attached to the glass surface, but also efficiently evaporates the condensed water vapor, eliminating the fogging and icing phenomenon of the observation window, thereby ensuring the continuous cleanliness and light transmission of the optical window, and fundamentally avoiding signal attenuation or measurement interruption caused by the observation window being blocked.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 Sealing flanges 4 are provided on the inner walls of both ends of the cabin 1. A first sealing ring 14 is snapped onto the side of each sealing flange 4 away from the cabin 1. Annular grooves are formed on the outer peripheral walls of each sealing flange 4 near the cabin 1. Second sealing rings 15 are snapped onto the inner walls of both annular grooves. A sealing cover 5 is bolted to one side of one of the sealing flanges 4. An installation hole 20 is formed through one side of the sealing cover 5. Circular grooves 21 are coaxially formed on the outer peripheral walls of the sealing cover 5 corresponding to the installation hole 20 on both sides. Circular rings 22 are snapped onto the inner walls of both circular grooves 21. An elastic clamp 23 is snapped onto the inner wall of the installation hole 20, and the outer peripheral wall of the elastic clamp 23 is formed with… The groove is adapted to the inner diameter of the mounting hole 20. The elastic clamp 23 is snapped into the mounting hole 20 through the groove. The inner walls of the left and right sides of the groove are tightly fitted to the inner end faces of the two circular rubber rings 22. The outer surface of the sealing cover 5 is provided with a ring array of multiple threaded posts 24. One end of each threaded post 24 passes through the sealing cover 5 and the sealing flange head 4 and is threaded into the interior of the cabin 1. A spherical cabin cover 6 is detachably connected to one side of the sealing flange head 4. A through-hole 25 communicating with the cabin 1 is opened on one side of the spherical cabin cover 6. A glass cover is detachably connected to one side of the spherical cabin cover 6. A third sealing rubber ring 26 is provided on the end face of the spherical cabin cover 6 that contacts the glass cover.

[0030] The first sealing rings 14 on one side of the two sealing flanges 4 seal the mating surfaces of the sealing cover 5 and the spherical cover 6, respectively, preventing external moisture and dust from entering the interior of the chamber 1 through the connection gaps. The two second sealing rings 15 inside the two sets of annular grooves enhance the sealing performance between the sealing flanges 4 and the inner wall of the chamber 1, further improving the overall waterproof and dustproof effect of the chamber 1. The mounting holes 20 on the outer surface of the sealing cover 5 provide installation positions for the elastic clamp 23. The elastic clamp 23 inside the mounting holes 20 can clamp and fix the optical fiber at the rear end of the electric field sensor. Since the initial inner diameter of the elastic clamp 23 should be smaller than the outer diameter of the optical fiber to be clamped, after the optical fiber is inserted, the elastic clamp 23 can adapt to optical fibers of different sizes through its own elastic structure, clamping and fixing them. Furthermore, the elastic clamp 23 fits against the outer wall of the optical fiber in a flexible contact manner, using elastic restoring force to form a uniform radial clamping force, which avoids scratching the outer sheath of the optical fiber by rigid clamping and also prevents… To prevent fiber optic displacement due to equipment vibration, the circular grooves 21 on both sides can accommodate the circular rubber rings 22, providing installation space for them. The circular rubber rings 22 fit tightly against the grooves on the outer surface of the elastic clamp 23, enhancing the seal between the elastic clamp 23 and the mounting hole 20, preventing gas leakage or impurities from entering. Multiple threaded columns 24 are arranged in a ring array on the outer surface of the sealing cover 5, with one end penetrating the sealing cover 5 and the sealing flange head 4 and threadedly connected to the chamber 1, achieving a stable and detachable connection between the sealing cover 5 and the chamber 1, while ensuring the sealing of the connection. The opening 25 on one side of the spherical cover 6 allows the spherical cover 6 to communicate with the interior of the chamber 1, ensuring that the electric field sensor can normally observe the external electric field signal through the glass cover. The third sealing rubber ring 26 is placed on the contact end face between the spherical cover 6 and the chamber 1, sealing the connection gap between the two, preventing external impurities or moisture from entering the interior of the chamber 1, and ensuring the working environment of the electric field sensor.

[0031] For details, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 19The cleaning component 9 includes a scraper 902 and two limiting rods 901. The two limiting rods 901 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and are bolted to the side of the glass cover plate on the cabin 1 away from the spherical cover 6. A cavity is formed on the opposite side of each limiting rod 901, and a lead screw 903 extending axially along the limiting rod 901 is rotatably installed in each cavity. Both ends of the scraper 902 are threadedly connected to the lead screw 903, and one side of the scraper 902 is in contact with the outer surface of the glass cover plate. The rotation of the lead screw 903 can drive the scraper 902 to reciprocate along the outer surface of the glass cover. One end of each limiting rod 901 is equipped with a drive motor 904. The output shaft of each drive motor 904 passes through the corresponding limiting rod 901 and is connected to the lead screw 903. Each drive motor 904 is used to synchronously drive the two lead screws 903 to rotate, so as to drive the scraper 902 to move along the length direction of each lead screw 903, so that one side of the scraper 902 is in contact with the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate 7.

[0032] Through the above technical solution, during actual inspection operations, the scraper 902 can closely adhere to the outer surface of the glass cover and make smooth reciprocating motion, removing dust, insect remains, and various pollutants adhering to the surface of the glass cover during flight. This ensures that the detection field of the electric field sensor probe is always clear and unobstructed. The drive motor 904 provides stable power to drive the lead screw 903 to rotate precisely. Since the lead screw 903 and the scraper 902 are tightly matched through a threaded structure to form a screw-nut structure, the rotational motion of the lead screw 903 can be smoothly converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the scraper 902 along the length of the lead screw 903. At the same time, according to different usage scenarios such as the inspection speed of the UAV and the concentration of pollutants in the working environment, the number of reciprocating motions, the operating frequency, and the single cleaning stroke of the scraper 902 can be flexibly adjusted through the external control module of the equipment. This ensures the pollutant removal effect while avoiding energy waste and component wear caused by ineffective actions, significantly improving the adaptability and practicality of the integrated cabin 1.

[0033] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 14 An air intake hose 12 is provided on the side of the sealing cover 5 away from the cabin 1. A control valve 19 is provided on the outer surface of the air intake hose 12. An air intake assembly 13 is detachably connected to the other end of the air intake hose 12. The air intake assembly 13 includes a fan 1301, a first filter plate 1302, a second filter plate 1303, a drying plate 1304, and an air storage plate 1305 connected in sequence. The first filter plate 1302 is equipped with a coarse filter screen 1306, the second filter plate 1303 is equipped with a fine filter screen 1307, the drying plate 1304 is equipped with silica gel desiccant 1308, and the gas storage plate 1305 is equipped with a gas storage chamber. The fan 1301 is used to draw in outside air and make the outside air pass through the first filter plate 1302, the second filter plate 1303 and the drying plate 1304 in sequence before entering the air storage chamber in the air storage plate 1305; the air storage chamber is connected to the air inlet of the cabin 1.

[0034] The fan 1301 inside the air intake assembly 13 provides suction to draw outside air into the first filter plate 1302. After the air enters the first filter plate 1302, the coarse filter 1306 performs preliminary filtration, removing larger particles of impurities from the air. After passing through the coarse filter 1306, the air enters the second filter plate 1303, where the fine filter 1307 performs further fine filtration, removing tiny particles of impurities and further improving the cleanliness of the air. After filtration, when the air passes through the drying plate 1304, the silica gel desiccant can adsorb moisture in the air, keeping the output gas dry and preventing moisture from entering the chamber 1 or adhering to the glass cover. The air storage chamber in the air storage plate 1305 temporarily stores the filtered and dried gas, ensuring a stable output of gas to the air intake hose 12 and uniform jet pressure. At the same time, the control valve 19 can regulate the on / off state and flow rate of the gas in the air intake hose 12, which can be flexibly adjusted according to cleaning needs and gas consumption.

[0035] For details, please refer to Figure 15 The exhaust pipe 10 is installed on the spherical hatch 6. A valve 27 is provided on the exhaust pipe 10. At least four nozzles 11 are connected to the other end of the exhaust pipe. The exhaust end of each nozzle 11 is flat, and the exhaust direction of each flat nozzle 11 is perpendicular to the glass cover.

[0036] In practical use, valve 27 is used to control the flow of gas in the outlet pipe 10. It can flexibly adjust the jetting state according to the cleaning requirements of the glass cover, and can also close the outlet pipe 10. Through the irregular configuration of the outlet pipe 10, such as its routing and diameter variations, the airflow can be rationally distributed, ensuring that the inlet pressure and flow rate of each flat nozzle 11 remain consistent. This guarantees a uniform and stable purging effect from all flat nozzles 11, avoiding insufficient purging intensity in localized areas. Furthermore, compared to existing conventional straight-pipe air supply pipes, it avoids the problem of airflow near the gas source. The high airflow pressure at the outer end of the flat nozzle 11 and the low pressure at the distal end of the flat nozzle 11 result in pressure loss along the flow path. Furthermore, the mounting carrier for the exhaust pipe 10 is a spherical cap 6, and the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 10 has a curved, irregular structure, allowing the exhaust pipe 10 to fit snugly against the curved surface of the spherical cap 6. This saves installation space and ensures precise installation angles for each flat nozzle 11. The outlet of the flat nozzle 11 is a flat slit structure; when gas flows through the slit, the constriction and contraction effect of the flow channel cross-section creates high pressure loss in the flat direction. Unlike the divergent airflow from circular nozzles in existing technologies, the airflow from the flat nozzle 11 does not diffuse randomly in all directions. Instead, it concentrates the gas kinetic energy in a plane parallel to the glass cover plate. This increases the effective flow velocity of the airflow acting on the glass cover plate surface while avoiding ineffective loss of kinetic energy. Simultaneously, the design of the flat nozzle 11's outlet reduces eddy current losses within the nozzle, allowing for smoother airflow ejection and further ensuring the stability of the purging flow rate. The airflow ejected from the flat nozzle 11 is a flat fan shape. The purging coverage width of 11 is much larger than that of the circular nozzle. With at least four of them arranged, it can achieve full coverage purging of the glass cover surface. Combined with the setting of the jet direction facing the vertical direction of the glass cover in the above technical solution, the fan-shaped airflow can act vertically on the glass cover surface, effectively blowing away the attached dust, condensate or other pollutants, avoiding local purging blind spots caused by airflow dispersion. It should be noted that the intake speed of fan 1301 is greater than the exhaust speed of exhaust pipe 10, which can cause the gas inside the cabin 1 to gradually accumulate and the air pressure to be higher than that outside.

[0037] For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 9 Multiple clamping components 18 are spaced apart inside the cabin 1. Each clamping component 18 is used to clamp an electric field sensor. Multiple positioning rods 16 are arranged in a ring array on one side of one of the sealing flange heads 4. The other end of each positioning rod 16 is detachably connected to one side of another sealing flange head 4. The outer surfaces of the multiple positioning rods 16 are connected to a limiting frame 17 through a common thread. Through holes are opened on both the left and right sides of the limiting frame 17. The multiple clamping components 18 are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides along the inner wall of the limiting frame 17 along its length. Multiple positioning rods 16 connected to the corresponding sides of the two sealing flanges 4 can position and reinforce the two sealing flanges 4, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the structures at both ends of the cabin 1. The limiting frame 17 that is engaged with the positioning rods 16 can limit and fix the positioning rods 16, preventing the positioning rods 16 from deforming or shifting. At the same time, the limiting frame 17 not only provides a stable installation base for the clamping assembly 18, but its internal space is also a dedicated placement and installation area for the electric field sensor. The frame structure formed by the multiple positioning rods 16 and the limiting frame 17 can also provide circumferential protection for the electric field sensor, avoiding damage to the sensor caused by external impact.

[0038] For details, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 9 Each clamping component 18 includes a support plate 1801; The support plate 1801 is provided with two sliding grooves 1802. The two sliding grooves 1802 are symmetrically arranged with the width center line of the support plate 1801 as the axis of symmetry. Each sliding groove 1802 is slidably connected with a first clamping plate 1803. A rubber pad 1804 is installed on the opposite side of each of the two first clamping plates 1803. A rotating rod 1805 is rotatably mounted on the support plate 1801. Both ends of the rotating rod 1805 are rotatably connected with a pull rod 1806. The end of each pull rod 1806 away from the rotating rod 1805 is rotatably connected to each of the first clamping plates 1803. The support plate 1801 is also equipped with a servo motor 1807, and the output shaft of the servo motor 1807 is connected to the rotating rod 1805.

[0039] With the above-described structure, the electric field sensor can be clamped during actual use. The power generated by the servo motor 1807 drives the rotating rod 1805 to rotate. The rotating rod 1805 is located in the middle of the support plate 1801, with pull rods 1806 connected to both ends. By rotating itself, the pull rods 1806 pull the first clamping plate 1803 to move, causing the first clamping plate 1803 to slide on the inner wall of the slide groove 1802. The clamping or releasing of the electric field sensor is achieved through relative movement. The adjustment range of the clamping assembly 1... The 8 can adapt to electric field sensors of different sizes and clamp and fix them. At the same time, through multiple clamping components 18 arranged symmetrically on the left and right, it can achieve multi-segment clamping of electric field sensors at different positions, making the clamping and fixing more stable. The rubber pad 1804 of the first clamping plate 1803 can increase the friction between the first clamping plate 1803 and the electric field sensor, improve the clamping stability, and at the same time avoid the first clamping plate 1803 from hard contact damaging the electric field sensor shell. It can also absorb some vibration and reduce the impact of vibration on the electric field sensor.

[0040] For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 The UAV electric field sensor protection device also includes a locking component 3, which includes a positioning plate 301, a mounting plate 305, and a locking element. The positioning plate 301 is installed on the drone. One side of the positioning plate 301 is connected to one side of the air intake assembly 13 by bolts. The mounting plate 305 is slidably set on the positioning plate 301. The cabin 1 is detachably connected to the mounting plate 305. The locking component is used to limit the sliding position of the mounting plate 305.

[0041] The positioning plate 301 is fixed to the fuselage of the UAV, and the mounting plate 305 of the carrier cabin 1 can slide along it. The operator can quickly and flexibly fine-tune the installation position of the sensor cabin 1 according to the actual detection task requirements or the structural characteristics of different UAV models, so as to avoid interference between the cabin 1 and UAV parts, and can adjust it to the optimal observation position. After adjustment, the mounting plate 305 and the positioning plate 301 can be firmly locked by the locking device to ensure the stability of the cabin 1 in the working state, provide a stable installation foundation for the internal electric field sensor, improve the device's adaptability to different UAVs, and simplify the on-site installation and debugging process.

[0042] Specifically, two support frames 2 are spaced apart on the cabin 1, and the lower ends of the two support frames 2 are connected to the mounting plate 305 by bolts.

[0043] Specifically, the locking components include a snap-fit ​​groove 302, a conical block 303, and a storage shell 306; The snap-fit ​​groove 302 is provided on the inner wall of the positioning plate 301; Multiple conical blocks 303 are provided, and each conical block 303 is arranged at intervals along the inner wall of the snap-fit ​​groove 302. The interval between two adjacent conical blocks 303 forms a lock hole. The storage shell 306 is mounted on the mounting plate 305. The storage shell 306 is provided with a placement groove, and a movable plate 310 is slidably disposed in the placement groove. The storage shell 306 has a second limiting hole 308 that extends into the placement groove on one side. One end of the moving plate 310 extends through the second limiting hole 308 to the outside of the second limiting hole 308. The extended end of the moving plate 310 is provided with a locking block, which is matched and inserted into the locking hole. A reset spring 309 is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable plate 310 located inside the second limiting hole 308. One end of the reset spring 309 abuts against the inner wall of the second limiting hole 308, and the other end of the reset spring 309 abuts against the movable plate 310.

[0044] By utilizing the preload force of the return spring 309, the locking block at the end of the moving plate 310 is continuously pushed into the locking hole formed by the gap between adjacent conical blocks 303, thereby preventing the housing 306 from moving and locking the position of the mounting plate 305. When the position of the mounting plate 305 needs to be adjusted, the moving plate 310 is slid to overcome the spring force of the return spring 309, and the locking block at the end of the moving plate 310 is slid out of the locking hole, thus adjusting the position of the mounting plate 305 and greatly improving the efficiency of on-site debugging.

[0045] Specifically, sliding grooves 304 are provided on both the left and right sides of the outer surface of the positioning plate 301, and two snap-fit ​​grooves 302 are provided. The two snap-fit ​​grooves 302 are respectively provided on the inner walls of both sides of the inner surface of the positioning plate 301. Slider blocks are provided on both sides of the bottom of the mounting plate 305, and each slider is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 304. The storage shell 306 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the mounting plate 305.

[0046] Specifically, a first limiting hole 307 is provided on one side of the storage shell 306, extending into the placement groove. The first limiting hole 307 and the second limiting hole 308 are perpendicular to each other. An arc-shaped groove 311 is provided at the upper end of the moving plate 310. A second clamping plate 312 is snapped onto the outer surface of the moving plate 310. A positioning shaft 313 is inserted into the upper end of the second clamping plate 312. The lower end of the positioning shaft 313 passes through one side of the second clamping plate 312, extends downward into the interior of the arc-shaped groove 311, and exits from the other side of the arc-shaped groove 311. The positioning shaft 313 slides and adapts to the groove wall of the arc-shaped groove 311. A push rod 314 is fixedly connected to one end of the second clamping plate 312. The other end of the push rod 314 passes through the first limiting hole 307 and extends to the outside of the first limiting hole 307.

[0047] For details, please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 and Figure 18During operation, the first limiting hole 307 on the housing 306 provides a through channel for the push rod 314 and precisely limits the movement direction of the push rod 314, ensuring that it can only move smoothly along the axis of the hole. The second limiting hole 308 guides the displacement direction of the moving plate 310 to prevent it from shaking or deviating during sliding, and also forms an axial limit for the return spring 309, ensuring that the return spring 309 always moves stably within the hole during compression and reset, thus ensuring the reliability of the locking component 3. The upper end of the housing 306 has a placement groove to provide installation space for components such as the moving plate 310, the return spring 309, and the second clamping plate 312, forming a cavity for the structure. The positioning shaft 313 connects the second clamping plate 312 to the arc-shaped groove 311, allowing it to slide and adapt to the wall of the arc-shaped groove 311. It is a transmission component connecting the second clamping plate 312 and the moving plate 310, converting the movement of the second clamping plate 312 into the movement of the moving plate 310, thus improving the convenience of operation.

[0048] With the above technical solution, during actual installation, the positioning plate 301 in the locking assembly 3 is first fixedly connected to the UAV fuselage with bolts. The positioning plate 301 serves as the core installation carrier, providing a stable assembly foundation for components such as the conical block 303 on its inner wall, the sliding groove 304 on its outer surface, the sliding slider, and the mounting plate 305. Subsequently, the mounting plate 305 is pre-connected and fixed to the cabin 1. Through the slider at the lower end of the mounting plate 305, the entire locking mechanism and the cabin 1 are quickly slid into the sliding groove 304 on the outer surface of the positioning plate 301, completing the initial docking of the cabin 1 and the UAV. It is worth noting that when pushing the mounting plate 305 to adjust its position during the docking process, the push rod 314 needs to be manually and continuously pressed inward. The push rod 314 drives the second clamping plate 312, which is fixedly connected to it, to move synchronously, forcing the second clamping plate 312 to move inward. The positioning shaft 313, which is inserted at the upper end, slides in the arc groove 311 of the moving plate 310. With the help of the special contour design of the arc groove 311, the lateral movement of the positioning shaft 313 is converted into the axial movement of the moving plate 310, so that the moving plate 310 overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 309 and retracts into the housing 306. Its front end then disengages from the locking hole formed by the gap between two adjacent conical blocks 303 on the inner side of the positioning plate 301, releasing the locking state to allow the mounting plate 305 to slide. When the mounting plate 305 slides to the target installation position, the push rod 314 is released, the return spring 309 releases the reset force and pushes the moving plate 310 to extend outward. The locking block at its end is tightly locked into the corresponding position defined by the locking hole in the positioning plate 301's locking groove 302, realizing the firm locking of the cabin 1 and the positioning plate 301.

[0049] The working process of this invention is as follows: First, a second sealing ring 15 is installed inside the annular groove on the outer surface of the two sealing flange heads 4. Then, a first sealing ring 14 is installed on the other side of the two sealing flange heads 4. Multiple positioning rods 16 are installed on one side of one of the sealing flange heads 4. A limiting frame 17 is inserted through and centered to engage the positioning rods 16. Then, a clamping assembly 18 is installed in the inner wall of the limiting frame 17. The electric field sensor is placed inside the clamping assembly 18. Then, the servo motor 1807 is started, driving the first clamping plate 1803 to slowly close along the slide groove 1802 until the rubber pad 1804 is in close contact with the electric field sensor housing. The servo motor 1807 is then turned off and the position is locked, completing the fixing of the electric field sensor. The electric field sensor is then removed. The matching optical fiber is precisely connected at one end to the optical fiber interface of the electric field sensor. The interface nut is tightened and marked. The optical fiber is then arranged along the pre-set slot on the inner wall of the limiting frame 17 towards the cover 5. After passing through the through hole of the limiting frame 17, the middle of the optical fiber is placed into the elastic clamp 23 in the mounting hole 20 of the cover 5. The elastic clamp 23 adapts to the diameter of the optical fiber through its own elastic deformation, ensuring that the optical fiber is not bent and the interface is not loose. Then, the operator picks up the sealing flange head 4 and places the positioning rod 16 and the limiting frame 17 into the interior of the cabin 1, sending the optical fiber out from the other end of the cabin 1. Next, another sealing flange head 4 is installed at the other end of the cabin 1. The sealing cover 5 with the optical fiber installed is then installed with the sealing flange head 4. The contact surfaces of the sealing cover 5 and the sealing flange head 4 are provided with a first... A sealing ring 14 is used to connect the air intake hose 12 on one side of the sealing cover 5 to the air intake assembly 13. The spherical hatch cover 6 is installed on the side away from the sealing flange head 4 and support frame 2, and a first sealing ring 14 is also provided on the end face where the spherical hatch cover 6 and the sealing flange head 4 contact each other. The cleaning assembly 9 is installed on one side of the spherical hatch cover 6, and a third sealing ring 26 is provided on the end face where the cleaning assembly 9 and the spherical hatch cover 6 contact each other for sealing. The air intake assembly 13 is installed on one side of the locking assembly 3. The positioning plate 301 of the locking assembly 3 is fixed to the preset mounting position of the UAV body with bolts. The level of the positioning plate 301 is calibrated with a level to ensure that the direction of the sliding groove 304 is consistent with the flight direction of the UAV. The mounting plate 305 is installed by sliding the slider. The support frame 2 on the outer surface of the cabin 1 is initially aligned with the sliding groove 304 of the positioning plate 301. The mounting plate 305 is then bolted to the support frame 2 on the outer surface of the cabin 1. After tightening, the verticality of the cabin 1 is checked. Then, the push rod 314 is manually pressed inward, causing the second clamping plate 312 to move. This causes the positioning shaft 313 to slide within the arc-shaped groove 311, transforming it into the retraction of the moving plate 310 into the housing 306. The moving plate 310 continues until its front end disengages from the locking groove 302 of the positioning plate 301, pushing the mounting plate 305 to slide along the sliding groove 304. This moves the cabin 1 to the optimal observation position on the UAV fuselage. The push rod 314 is then released, and the spring 309 resets, pushing the moving plate 310 outward so that its front end engages with the locking hole formed by the gap between two adjacent conical blocks 303 within the locking groove 302.Gently push the chamber 1 to confirm it is secure, then complete the installation and locking. Before use, first close valve 27, then start the fan 1302 of the air intake assembly 13 to inflate the interior of chamber 1. Wait three minutes for inflation to complete. After inflation, open valve 27 to allow air to escape through the flat nozzle 11, forming an air wall on the outer surface of the glass cover 7 for protection. Start the cleaning assembly 9, adjusting the frequency to 1-3 times per minute. In low-temperature or high-humidity environments, activate the heating wire 8 to heat the surface of the glass cover 7, ensuring it can quickly melt frost and evaporate moisture.

[0050] In summary, this invention provides a protective device for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) electric field sensor. The housing in this device provides physical isolation and protection for the electric field sensor. A light-transmitting plate on the side wall of the housing ensures the sensor can properly sense external electric fields. An air intake assembly filters external air and continuously delivers it into the housing, while an exhaust pipe discharges the air from the housing. This continuous airflow, passing through the electric field sensor and the housing, quickly removes heat accumulated inside the housing due to environmental factors, avoiding the heat buildup problem inherent in traditional sealed designs. This active heat dissipation keeps the internal temperature within the optimal operating range of the electric field sensor, effectively preventing damage to the device from a hot and stuffy environment. It also prevents deformation of internal optical components and materials due to thermal expansion and contraction, and avoids loosening of components due to softening of adhesives at high temperatures. This eliminates serious risks such as measurement data drift, decreased sensitivity, and even permanent damage to the core components of the electric field sensor, providing crucial assurance for the long-term stability and reliability of electric field measurements.

[0051] Furthermore, the nozzle's outlet is directed towards the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate, directly spraying air onto the outer surface. This not only directly blows away floating dust and condensed water vapor from the surface of the light-transmitting plate, but also forms an airflow barrier on the outer side of the plate. This airflow barrier can actively intercept dust, droplets, and other fine impurities that collide with the light-transmitting plate during the drone's flight, fundamentally preventing the light transmittance of the plate from decreasing due to impurity adsorption, thereby preventing problems such as distortion of electric field signal transmission and reduced measurement accuracy.

[0052] The intake flow rate being greater than the exhaust flow rate creates a slightly positive pressure environment inside the cabin, stably driving the air inside the cabin to be discharged from the exhaust pipe into the nozzle. Furthermore, microscopic gaps inevitably exist at the connection points between the intake components and the cabin, the connection points between the jet components and the cabin, and the assembly seams between different components of the cabin itself. Under the slightly positive pressure environment, the filtered clean air inside the cabin will continuously and slowly overflow outward through these tiny gaps, forming an airflow barrier from the inside out. This unidirectional airflow effectively blocks the path of external dusty air to infiltrate inward through the gaps, further ensuring the cleanliness of the environment inside the cabin.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective device for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) electric field sensor, characterized in that, include: The cabin (1) is used to be installed on the drone. An electric field sensor is installed inside the cabin (1), and a light-transmitting plate (7) for the electric field sensor to sense the external electric field is installed on the side wall of the cabin (1). An air intake assembly (13) is provided on the cabin (1), with one end connected to the outside air and the other end connected to the interior of the cabin (1); An exhaust pipe (10) is connected at one end to the interior of the cabin (1); The nozzle (11) has its air inlet end connected to the other end of the air outlet pipe (10), and its air outlet end faces the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate (7). The air inlet assembly (13) blows external air into the cabin (1) and drives the air in the cabin (1) to be discharged from the air outlet pipe (10) into the nozzle (11), so that the air outlet end of the nozzle (11) exhausts air towards the transparent cover of the light-transmitting plate (7). The intake flow rate of the intake assembly (13) is greater than the exhaust flow rate of the exhaust pipe (10).

2. The UAV electric field sensor protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting plate (7) is a glass cover plate, and a heating wire (8) is embedded in the glass cover plate.

3. The UAV electric field sensor protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The UAV electric field sensor protection device also includes a cleaning component (9), which is installed on the side of the cabin (1) near the light-transmitting plate (7) to scrape off the adhering substances on the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate (7).

4. The UAV electric field sensor protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly (9) includes a scraper (902), a limiting rod (901), and a drive motor (904). The limiting rod (901) is connected to the cabin (1). A cavity is provided on one side of the limiting rod (901). A lead screw (903) extending axially along the limiting rod (901) is rotatably installed in the cavity. One end of the scraper (902) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (903). One side of the scraper (902) is in contact with the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate (7). The drive motor (904) is mounted on the limiting rod (901) and is used to drive the lead screw (903) to rotate, thereby driving the scraper (902) to move along the length direction of the lead screw (903), so that one side of the scraper (902) moves against the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate (7).

5. The UAV electric field sensor protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two limiting rods (901) are provided, and the two limiting rods (901) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and both are connected to the cabin (1); The two limiting rods (901) each have a cavity on their opposite sides, and the lead screw (903) is rotatably installed in each cavity. The two ends of the scraper (902) are threadedly connected to each lead screw (903). Each of the limiting rods (901) is provided with a drive motor (904) at one end, and the output shaft of each drive motor (904) passes through the corresponding limiting rod (901) and is connected to the lead screw (903); Each of the drive motors (904) is used to synchronously drive the two lead screws (903) to rotate, so as to drive the scraper (902) to move along the length direction of each lead screw (903), so that one side of the scraper (902) moves against the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate (7).

6. The UAV electric field sensor protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake assembly (13) includes a fan (1301), a first filter plate (1302), a second filter plate (1303), a drying plate (1304), and an air storage plate (1305) connected in sequence. The first filter plate (1302) is equipped with a coarse filter screen (1306), the second filter plate (1303) is equipped with a fine filter screen (1307), the drying plate (1304) is equipped with silica gel desiccant (1308), and the gas storage plate (1305) is equipped with a gas storage chamber. The fan (1301) is used to draw in external air and make the external air pass through the first filter plate (1302), the second filter plate (1303) and the drying plate (1304) in sequence before entering the air storage chamber in the air storage plate (1305); the air storage chamber is connected to the air inlet of the cabin (1).

7. The UAV electric field sensor protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cabin (1) is provided with a plurality of clamping components (18) spaced apart, each of which is used to clamp an electric field sensor.

8. The UAV electric field sensor protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each of the clamping components (18) includes a support plate (1801); The support plate (1801) is provided with two sliding grooves (1802), which are symmetrically arranged about the width center line of the support plate (1801) as the axis of symmetry. Each sliding groove (1802) is slidably connected with a first clamping plate (1803). A rubber pad (1804) is installed on the opposite side of each of the two first clamping plates (1803). A rotating rod (1805) is rotatably installed on the support plate (1801). Both ends of the rotating rod (1805) are rotatably connected with pull rods (1806). The end of each pull rod (1806) away from the rotating rod (1805) is rotatably connected to each of the first clamping plates (1803). The support plate (1801) is also equipped with a servo motor (1807), and the output shaft of the servo motor (1807) is connected to the rotating rod (1805).

9. The UAV electric field sensor protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The UAV electric field sensor protection device also includes a locking component (3), which includes a positioning plate (301), a mounting plate (305), and a locking element; The positioning plate (301) is installed on the drone, the mounting plate (305) is slidably disposed on the positioning plate (301), the cabin (1) is detachably connected to the mounting plate (305), and the locking member is used to limit the sliding position of the mounting plate (305).

10. The UAV electric field sensor protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The locking element includes a snap-fit ​​groove (302), a conical block (303), and a storage shell (306). The snap-fit ​​groove (302) is provided on the inner wall of the positioning plate (301); Multiple conical blocks (303) are provided, and each conical block (303) is arranged at intervals along the inner wall of the snap-fit ​​groove (302). The interval between two adjacent conical blocks (303) forms a lock hole. The storage shell (306) is mounted on the mounting plate (305), and the storage shell (306) is provided with a placement groove, in which a movable plate (310) is slidably disposed. The storage shell (306) has a second limiting hole (308) that extends through the placement slot on one side. One end of the moving plate (310) extends through the second limiting hole (308) and outwards to the outside of the second limiting hole (308). The outward end of the moving plate (310) is provided with a locking block, which is matched and inserted into the locking hole. A reset spring (309) is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable plate (310) inside the second limiting hole (308). One end of the reset spring (309) abuts against the inner wall of the second limiting hole (308), and the other end of the reset spring (309) abuts against the movable plate (310).

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