Lightweight earthquake early warning terminal and method with floor response compensation function

Abstract

This invention discloses a lightweight earthquake early warning terminal and method with floor response compensation function, belonging to the field of earthquake early warning and disaster prevention and mitigation technology. The terminal includes: a professional data receiving module, a local parameter management module, a floor response compensation calculation module, a graded evacuation decision-making module, and a command broadcasting and information display module. The method includes: the terminal receiving real-time PGA / PGV data measured by seismic stations; combining locally stored floor height and building type parameters, and using a pre-set floor dynamic response model to perform compensation calculations to obtain the predicted response parameters of the floor. This invention solves the core problem of a serious mismatch between traditional early warning information and the actual experience of users in high-rise buildings by lightweighting and decentralizing building seismic response analysis to the terminal. It realizes the transformation of early warning information from "universal broadcasting" to "targeted and precise guidance," significantly improving the timeliness, accuracy, and actual evacuation effectiveness of early warnings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of earthquake early warning and intelligent disaster prevention and mitigation technology, specifically to an earthquake early warning terminal and its control method, and in particular to a lightweight terminal device and implementation method that can perform localized real-time compensation calculations on received seismic motion parameters based on the user's floor height and building structural characteristics, and output targeted evacuation instructions. Background Technology

[0002] Earthquake early warning is a key disaster reduction technology that utilizes the difference in propagation speed between destructive seismic waves (S-waves, surface waves) and electromagnetic waves to issue warnings to target areas before strong seismic waves arrive. As the "last mile" in delivering early warning information to the public, the performance of earthquake early warning terminals directly determines the effectiveness of disaster reduction. With the advancement of the National Earthquake Intensity Rapid Reporting and Early Warning Project, the output of early warning information has significantly improved in both speed and coverage.

[0003] In existing technologies, earthquake early warning terminals and related information processing methods mostly focus on the reliability of information transmission and the differences in macroscopic regions. For example, patent CN214154941U discloses an early warning terminal with multiple communication links (Wi-Fi / 4G) to improve the stability of information reception; patent CN111751852A proposes a method for graded early warning release based on the distance between the terminal and the epicenter (geofencing). These solutions generally have the following shortcomings: The warning information is disconnected from the actual user experience: The warning information issued by existing terminals is usually based on the estimated intensity of ground motion, without taking into account the building structure, especially the significant amplification effect of high-rise buildings on seismic waves. This results in the actual vibration intensity felt by residents of high-rise buildings during the same earthquake event being much higher than the warning indicated, and the risks they face, such as injury from falling objects and overturned furniture, are seriously underestimated.

[0004] The data processing path is long and inaccurate: Currently, most mainstream lightweight terminals are in a "thin client" mode, passively receiving and broadcasting warning briefings (such as magnitude, epicenter, and estimated intensity) processed uniformly by cloud servers. This mode cannot directly utilize the original characteristic parameters such as peak ground acceleration (PGA) and peak ground velocity (PGV) generated by the seismic network for localized and refined correction of site and building responses. There are unavoidable network transmission and cloud processing delays, and it is difficult to match the actual situation of the specific location of the terminal.

[0005] Risk avoidance guidance is abstract, and the decision-making burden is heavy: early warning outputs are mostly based on abstract numbers (such as intensity V) or simple sound and light alarms. In the precious warning time of only a few seconds to tens of seconds, ordinary people find it difficult to quickly transform this abstract information into correct and effective risk avoidance actions (such as "where to hide" and "how to hide"), thus missing the best opportunity for self-rescue.

[0006] Although technologies exist for monitoring the structural health of high-rise buildings (such as CN103064104A) or predicting earthquake demand (such as CN115270635B), they fall under the category of post-event assessment or long-term monitoring and are not combined with the real-time alarm function of early warning terminals, thus failing to meet the urgent need for second-level response when an earthquake occurs.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an innovative technical solution that can endow the terminal itself with the ability to analyze building seismic response, and realize a complete closed loop of "raw data access → local real-time compensation → targeted command output" in order to fundamentally solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The primary objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing earthquake early warning terminals, such as the generalization of early warning information, mismatch with the user experience of high-rise buildings, and weak guidance on risk avoidance, and to provide a lightweight device and method that can achieve real-time, accurate, and targeted early warning at the terminal side.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a lightweight earthquake early warning terminal with floor response compensation functionality. The core concept of this terminal is to simplify and model complex building seismic response analyses traditionally performed in the cloud, and then execute them locally on a resource-constrained edge terminal. The terminal mainly includes: Specialized data receiving module: As the data entry point, it is responsible for acquiring raw, information-rich ground motion parameters (such as PGA and PGV) from the earthquake early warning network in real time.

[0010] Local parameter management module: As a personalized configuration center, it stores user-preset terminal installation location parameters, such as precise floor numbers and building structural systems (frame, shear wall, etc.).

[0011] Floor Response Compensation Calculation Module: As the core calculation engine, it embeds a lightweight floor dynamic response model (such as a gain coefficient lookup table). It receives the aforementioned data and parameters and calculates the predicted response parameters (such as PGA) of the user's floor in real time. floor ).

[0012] Tiered Risk Aversion Decision Module: Acting as the intelligent decision-making brain, it incorporates risk grading logic and a rich semantic instruction library. It calculates the physical quantity (PGA)... floor This is converted into a specific risk level (such as "high risk") and matched with action instructions that can be executed immediately, such as "stay away from the window and crouch under the load-bearing wall".

[0013] Command broadcasting and information display module: As a human-computer interaction interface, it conveys the decision results to the user in the most intuitive voice and visual way.

[0014] Processor and memory: Provide basic computing, control and storage capabilities to support the efficient operation of the above closed-loop process on the terminal side.

[0015] Preferably, the compensation calculation follows PGA. floor =PGA ground The core formula of ×η(h,type) is that the gain coefficient η is preset through prior simulation or data analysis and can be updated and optimized remotely.

[0016] This invention provides an earthquake early warning method applied to the aforementioned terminal. This method embodies a real-time edge intelligence closed loop of "perception-computation-decision-execution," including: Step S1 (Real-time Sensing): The terminal continuously listens for and receives earthquake early warning data streams.

[0017] Step S2 (Parameter Preparation): Retrieve the personalized environment parameters stored locally.

[0018] Step S3 (Local Calculation): The floor response compensation calculation is completed in real time on the terminal side, and the ground motion parameters are "translated" into floor motion prediction.

[0019] Step S4 (Intelligent Decision-Making): Based on the prediction results and local parameters, intelligently match and generate the most appropriate targeted risk avoidance instructions from the instruction library.

[0020] Step S5 (Precise Execution): Synchronously drive the audio-visual equipment to output clear and unambiguous guidance information.

[0021] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages and positive effects: A qualitative leap has been achieved in the accuracy of early warning: For the first time at the consumer-grade terminal level, early warning information has been transformed from "ground intensity" to "floor perception prediction", effectively solving the long-standing industry pain point and safety hazard of inaccurate early warning for high-rise and super high-rise buildings.

[0022] The system's response time has been greatly optimized: eliminating secondary processing in the cloud and network transmission delays, all critical calculations are completed locally on the terminal within milliseconds, providing users at higher levels with crucial additional time to avoid risks.

[0023] Human-computer interaction and disaster reduction effectiveness are fundamentally improved: the output is specific, clear, and contextualized voice commands (rather than abstract numerical values), which directly addresses the panic and confusion of users during a sudden earthquake, greatly reduces decision-making costs, and improves the availability of early warning information and actual disaster reduction effects.

[0024] It combines low cost and high versatility: It adopts mature, low-power embedded hardware and lightweight algorithm models, which do not require building modifications or deployment of complex sensor networks, and are easy to deploy and popularize on a large scale in scenarios such as homes, schools, and offices. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art more specifically and intuitively, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the hardware structure of a lightweight earthquake early warning terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart of early warning information processing based on floor response compensation provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the variation of the floor dynamic response gain coefficient with floor height according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure layout of a terminal prototype according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front human-computer interaction interface of the terminal of the present invention in working (testing) state. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0028] Example 1: Terminal Hardware Architecture and Workflow Reference Figure 1-5 In this embodiment, the terminal is based on a high-performance embedded microprocessor. This processor forms a professional data receiving module via a Wi-Fi / 4G communication unit and subscribes to real-time data topics published by the earthquake early warning service provider using the MQTT protocol. A non-volatile memory serves as local parameter storage, used to securely store information set by the user through the power distribution APP, such as "28 floors, steel structure".

[0029] When the processor parses the latest PGA data packet, it immediately triggers a high-priority interrupt and initiates the early warning process.

[0030] The floor response compensation calculation module is invoked: based on "steel structure" and "28 floors", it queries the preset gain coefficient table to obtain η(28,'steel')≈2.5, and then calculates the PGA. floor =150×2.5=375cm / s 2 .

[0031] Subsequently, the tiered risk avoidance decision-making module operates at 375 cm / s. 2 The predicted value was classified as a "severe tremor" risk level. Combining this with the "super high-rise" attribute, a combined instruction was retrieved from the semantic risk avoidance instruction library and generated: "Warning! The super high-rise is about to shake violently! Please immediately move away from the glass curtain wall and external partition walls, take shelter near the structural core, and hold onto a stable object!" Finally, the command broadcasting and information display module executes: the processor converts the command text into an audio stream via the I2S interface, which is then amplified and driven by a speaker to broadcast the command loudly; simultaneously, it displays "28F Intense Countdown: 15s" on the screen via the I2C bus and controls the ring LED to enter a high-frequency red flashing mode, creating a strong visual and auditory warning. The entire process, from data reception to the output of the first byte of voice, has a total latency that meets the requirements for real-time early warning.

[0032] Example 2: Construction and Optimization of the Core Algorithm Model Reference Figure 3 The effectiveness of this invention relies on an accurate and computationally inexpensive floor dynamic response model. The gain coefficient η(h,type) can be constructed and pre-set in the terminal in any of the following ways: Numerical simulation and extrapolation method: For common frame structures, shear wall structures, etc., a simplified finite element model is established, various typical seismic waves are input, and the ratio of the acceleration response of each floor to the base input is statistically analyzed to form an η-h database. After fitting, a lightweight lookup table or empirical formula is obtained.

[0033] Data-driven learning method: Collect a large amount of actual earthquake damage records or full-scale model test data, use machine learning methods to train the mapping relationship between parameters such as η, h, type and basic building cycle, and store them in a parameterized manner.

[0034] Dynamic update mechanism: The terminal can receive model optimization parameter packages from the cloud during idle time through a professional data receiving module, so as to realize dynamic calibration and iteration of the η coefficient, and enable the early warning model to continuously evolve as data accumulates.

[0035] Example 3: Construction Logic and Example of a Semantic Instruction Library The semantic risk avoidance instruction library is a key bridge connecting technical parameters and human actions, and its construction follows the principles of "risk classification, scenario refinement, and clear instructions": Risk classification: In accordance with the consensus on earthquake engineering, risk levels are set as "minor earthquake", "felt earthquake", "strong earthquake" and "severe earthquake".

[0036] Detailed scenario breakdown: Lower floors emphasize "beware of swaying chandeliers and hanging objects"; mid-floor floors emphasize "stay away from large glass windows"; and high-rise floors highlight "stay away from glass curtain walls and avoid the building's core."

[0037] The instructions are clear: use short, affirmative, and unambiguous imperative sentences, such as: "Crouch down! Cover! Hold on!"

[0038] Through the above-described hardware and software collaborative implementation scheme, this invention successfully transforms a professional structural earthquake engineering problem into a smart terminal product function that offers an intuitive user experience, rapid response, and significant disaster reduction effects, thus possessing significant practical value and social benefits.

[0039] Figure 4 The image shows actual photographs of the physical components of the earthquake early warning terminal during the prototype stage. The images illustrate the spatial layout of the core modules, specifically their composition as follows: 1. Signal Input Module: The data access module located in the upper left corner captures the raw station messages and transmits them to the central processing unit (ESP32-S3). The processor, as the sole logical control node, parses the raw PGA / PGV data.

[0040] 2. Dual-core microprocessor (ESP32-S3): Located in the center of the image, it serves as the edge computing core of the terminal, responsible for executing long-connection data parsing, floor response compensation algorithms, and peripheral drive logic.

[0041] 3. Digital audio power amplifier (MAX98357A): Located below the processor, it obtains the compensated voice command stream through the I2S bus and performs conversion and power amplification.

[0042] 4. Full-range speaker unit: Located at the lower right, it is responsible for converting electrical signals into user-facing risk avoidance advice voice.

[0043] 5. Interactive Front Panel (Square): Located in the lower left corner, it adopts a square structure design. A square window is opened in the center for embedding the OLED screen. The outer perimeter of the window has a ring array of holes for displaying the various color light signals of the underlying LED warning lights, realizing color visual feedback.

[0044] Figure 5 The front visual interface of the lightweight earthquake early warning terminal provided by this invention is demonstrated in actual early warning triggering state (test): The central OLED display module displays core data after localization evolution by the processor. The first line displays the early warning type and the predicted intensity level after compensation for the user's specific floor parameters; the second line displays dynamically updated countdown values, intuitively informing the user of the remaining escape time before the arrival of the seismic wave; the third line automatically matches and displays targeted evacuation instructions according to the intensity level, such as "Please take precautions, stay away from chandeliers and windows!" in the figure, realizing the auxiliary decision-making function on the terminal side. At the same time, the ring-shaped LED indicator strip embedded in the front panel is in a red solid-on / flashing state, making it convenient for users to be aware of the danger at the first time.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight earthquake early warning terminal with floor response compensation function, characterized in that, include: A specialized data receiving module is used to establish a real-time communication connection with the earthquake early warning network to receive seismic motion parameter data, including peak ground acceleration (PGA) and / or peak ground velocity (PGV), sent by seismic stations. The local parameter management module is used to store and manage the local environment parameters of the terminal deployment location. The local environment parameters include at least the floor height where the user is located and the building structure type. The floor response compensation calculation module is pre-set with floor dynamic response models for at least one type of building structure. It is used to perform real-time calculations based on the ground motion parameters received by the professional data receiving module and the local environmental parameters stored by the local parameter management module, and output the predicted response parameters of the floor where the terminal is located. The graded risk avoidance decision module is pre-set with risk level thresholds and a semantic risk avoidance instruction library. It is used to compare the predicted response parameters output by the floor response compensation calculation module with the risk level thresholds to determine the current risk level, and to match and output the corresponding semantic risk avoidance instruction information from the semantic risk avoidance instruction library. The instruction broadcasting and information display module is used to receive the risk avoidance instruction information output by the graded risk avoidance decision module, and drive the audio device to broadcast the instructions and drive the display device to provide visual information warnings. The processor and memory are provided, wherein the processor is used to schedule and execute the functional logic of the above modules, and the memory is used to store program instructions, model data and parameters.

2. The lightweight earthquake early warning terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floor response compensation calculation performed by the floor response compensation calculation module includes at least the calculation of the predicted peak acceleration of the floor using the following formula: PGA floor =PGA ground ×η(h,type), where PGA ground The received peak ground acceleration is h, the floor height is h, the building structure type is h, and the dynamic response gain coefficient is h, which is related to the floor height h and the building structure type.

3. The lightweight earthquake early warning terminal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dynamic response gain coefficient η is pre-stored in the memory in the form of a lookup table or empirical formula, which is obtained based on numerical simulation of seismic dynamic response of different typical building structures or statistical analysis of historical earthquake damage data.

4. The lightweight earthquake early warning terminal according to claim 3, characterized in that, The floor dynamic response model supports receiving remotely sent model parameter update packages through the professional data receiving module to achieve dynamic optimization and calibration of the gain coefficient η.

5. The lightweight earthquake early warning terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The semantic risk avoidance command library is a multi-dimensional mapping relationship set, which establishes the correspondence between prediction response parameters with different values, different floor height ranges, different building structure types and specific, operable risk avoidance action voice text.

6. The lightweight earthquake early warning terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The instruction broadcasting and information display module includes: an audio power amplifier and a speaker unit connected to the processor via an I2S digital audio bus; and a display module and a multi-functional LED status indicator connected to the processor via an I2C bus.

7. The lightweight earthquake early warning terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processor is an embedded microprocessor with low-power operation mode and real-time task scheduling function; the professional data receiving module uses at least one protocol of MQTT and WebSocket to maintain a long connection with the earthquake early warning center server, and has a network abnormal disconnection reconnection mechanism.

8. An earthquake early warning method, characterized in that, The method, applied to the lightweight earthquake early warning terminal as described in any one of claims 1-7, comprises the following steps: S1: Through the professional data receiving module on the terminal side, monitor and receive in real time the ground motion parameters, including peak ground acceleration (PGA) and / or peak ground velocity (PGV), sent by the earthquake early warning network. S2: Read preset local environment parameters from the terminal's local storage, the parameters including at least the floor height where the terminal is located and the building structure type; S3: On the terminal side, the preset floor dynamic response model is called, and the floor response compensation calculation is performed by combining the ground motion parameters received in step S1 and the local environmental parameters read in step S2 to obtain the predicted response parameters of the current floor. S4: On the terminal side, the predicted response parameters calculated in step S3 are compared with the preset risk level threshold to determine the current risk level, and corresponding targeted risk avoidance instruction information is generated from the preset semantic risk avoidance instruction library based on the risk level and local environmental parameters. S5: Drive the terminal's audio and display devices to synchronously output the voice broadcast and visual warning information of the targeted risk avoidance instructions generated in step S4.

9. The earthquake early warning method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The floor response compensation calculation in step S3 specifically includes: selecting the corresponding dynamic response gain coefficient η according to the building structure type, and combining it with the floor height h to amplify the ground motion parameters to simulate the propagation and amplification effect of seismic waves in the building structure. The calculation formula is PGA. floor =PGA ground ×η(h,type).

10. The earthquake early warning method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The matching and generation of targeted risk avoidance instructions in step S4 specifically includes: based on the risk threshold range into which the predicted response parameters fall, and combined with the floor range division of "low-level", "middle-level" and "high-level", retrieving and combining from the semantic risk avoidance instruction library to generate a complete statement containing the specific risk avoidance location and risk avoidance action.

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