Battery pack, battery fault detection method, and battery management system

Abstract

This application discloses a battery pack, a battery fault detection method, and a battery management system. The battery pack includes multiple battery modules, each of which contains a first diode, a second diode, a first battery cell, and a second battery cell, connected as follows: the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the positive charging terminal of the battery module; the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell and the positive discharging terminal of the battery module. The anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cell and the negative discharging terminal of the battery module; the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell and the negative charging terminal of the battery module. The technical solution provided by this application enables the disconnection of faulty battery cells from operation while maintaining the normal operation of healthy battery cells, thereby reducing the overall failure rate of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a battery pack, a battery fault detection method, and a battery management system. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, when a battery in a battery pack malfunctions, it cannot be automatically disconnected. Instead, the disconnection is determined by the control chip based on online monitoring of the individual cell voltage. This results in a long time from the occurrence of the malfunction to the disconnection. During this process, the entire battery pack may fail, potentially leading to a serious accident.

[0003] Therefore, this application proposes a battery module that can automatically disconnect faulty batteries and a corresponding battery fault detection method to ensure timely isolation and detection of faulty batteries, avoid causing the entire battery pack to fail, and thus avoid serious accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, a battery fault detection method, and a battery management system, which can solve the problem that the prior art cannot automatically disconnect faulty batteries, which can easily lead to the failure of the entire battery pack.

[0005] Other features and advantages of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this application.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a battery pack is provided, including a plurality of battery modules, each battery module including a charging positive terminal, a charging negative terminal, a discharging positive terminal, and a discharging negative terminal; the charging positive terminals of the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected, the charging negative terminals of the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected, the discharging positive terminals of the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected, and the discharging negative terminals of the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected. Each of the battery modules includes: a first diode, a second diode, a first battery cell, and a second battery cell; the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the positive charging terminal of the battery module, respectively, and the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell and the positive discharging terminal of the battery module, respectively; the anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cell and the negative discharging terminal of the battery module, respectively, and the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell and the negative charging terminal of the battery module, respectively.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the first battery unit includes one or more batteries connected in series, and the second battery unit includes one or more batteries connected in series.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the battery module further includes a first current sensor and a second current sensor; wherein, the first current sensor is connected in series between the anode of the first diode and the positive terminal of the first battery cell, for collecting the charging and discharging current between the anode of the first diode and the positive terminal of the first battery cell; the second current sensor is connected in series between the cathode of the first diode and the positive terminal of the second battery cell, for collecting the charging and discharging current between the cathode of the first diode and the positive terminal of the second battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, a battery management system is also included; wherein the battery management system is electrically connected to the first current sensor and the second current sensor respectively, and the battery management system is used to acquire the charging and discharging currents of the output terminals of the first current sensor and the second current sensor.

[0010] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a battery fault detection method is provided for detecting faults in battery cells in the aforementioned battery pack, the method comprising: Obtain the charging and discharging current of the battery cell; If it is determined that the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is in an abnormal state, then it is determined that the battery cell is faulty, and the faulty battery cell is in a shutdown state. If it is determined that the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is in a normal state, then the battery cell is determined to be in a normal state.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, after obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell, the method further includes: Determine whether the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is zero. If it is, then the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is determined to be in an abnormal state; if not, then the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is determined to be in a normal state.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, if it is determined that the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is in an abnormal state, the method further includes: An alarm is issued, and the location information of the faulty battery cell is output.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, before obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell, the method further includes: Determine whether the battery pack is in a charging / discharging state. If so, execute the step of obtaining the charging / discharging current of the battery cell; wherein the charging / discharging state includes a charging state and a discharging state.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell includes: The charging and discharging current of the battery cell is acquired at preset intervals.

[0015] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein at least one piece of program code is stored therein, the at least one piece of program code being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method described above.

[0016] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a battery management system is provided, the battery management system including one or more processors and one or more memories, the one or more memories storing at least one piece of program code, the at least one piece of program code being loaded and executed by the one or more processors to implement the method as described above.

[0017] Based on the above solution, the technical solution provided in this application has at least the following advantages and advancements: This application provides a first diode, a second diode, a first battery cell, and a second battery cell in each battery module, and they are connected in the following manner: the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the charging positive terminal of the battery module, and the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell and the discharging positive terminal of the battery module; the anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cell and the discharging negative terminal of the battery module, and the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell and the charging negative terminal of the battery module. Therefore, during normal charging, the current flows through the positive terminal, the first diode (forward conduction), the second battery cell, and the negative terminal, forming a circuit via the positive terminal, the first battery cell, the second diode (forward conduction), and the negative terminal. During normal discharging, the current flows through the positive terminal, the first diode (forward conduction), the first battery cell, and the negative terminal, forming a circuit via the positive terminal, the second battery cell, the first diode (forward conduction), and the negative terminal. When a fault occurs in the first or second battery cell, causing a sudden increase in internal resistance, the voltage at the faulty battery cell terminal increases during charging, or decreases during discharging. This causes the corresponding series-connected diode to be subjected to a reverse bias voltage and quickly turn off, thereby automatically physically disconnecting the faulty battery cell from the circuit.

[0018] As can be seen, the entire removal process is completed instantaneously thanks to the circuit's inherent characteristics, eliminating the need for control chip sampling, judgment, and command output. This eliminates software response delays and effectively prevents fault propagation that could lead to the failure of the entire battery pack. Furthermore, after the faulty battery cell is removed, the normal battery cells can still continue to charge and discharge through their corresponding diodes, ensuring the battery pack operates safely under derating conditions.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a battery module during charging is provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This application provides a circuit diagram illustrating the discharge process of a battery module. Figure 5 Schematic flowchart of the battery fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 6 Schematic flowchart of the battery fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application.

[0023] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0024] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0025] It should also be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such uses of the terms can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described.

[0026] In existing technologies, batteries in a battery pack cannot be automatically disconnected when they malfunction. For example, current battery protection circuits rely solely on a control chip to monitor the voltage of individual cells online. The control chip determines and disconnects a battery only after detecting a malfunction. Therefore, the time from the occurrence of a malfunction to disconnection is relatively long, making it difficult to isolate the faulty battery in a timely manner. During this process, the entire battery pack may fail, potentially leading to a serious accident.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack includes: a plurality of battery modules, each battery module including a charging positive terminal, a charging negative terminal, a discharging positive terminal, and a discharging negative terminal; the charging positive terminals of the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected, the charging negative terminals of the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected, the discharging positive terminals of the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected, and the discharging negative terminals of the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2As shown, each battery module includes: a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first battery cell 201, and a second battery cell 202; the anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cell 201 and the charging positive terminal of the battery module, respectively, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell 202 and the discharging positive terminal of the battery module, respectively; the anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cell 201 and the discharging negative terminal of the battery module, respectively, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell 202 and the charging negative terminal of the battery module, respectively.

[0029] For example, the first battery unit 201 includes one or more batteries connected in series, and the second battery unit 202 includes one or more batteries connected in series.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the charging process of a battery module, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, for any battery module in the battery pack, under normal charging conditions, the external power supply V charges the battery cell simultaneously through a diode. For example, if the first battery cell 201 is not faulty, the second diode D2 is forward-biased, and the charging current provided by the external power supply V passes sequentially through the first battery cell 201 and the second diode D2 in the first branch, charging the first battery cell 201 normally. If the second battery cell 202 is not faulty, the first diode D1 is forward-biased, and the charging current provided by the external power supply V passes sequentially through the first diode D1 and the second battery cell 202 in the second branch, charging the second battery cell 202 normally. The positions of the battery cells and diodes in the same branch can be interchanged; for example, the charging current provided by the external power supply V can also pass sequentially through the second diode D2 and the first battery cell 201 in the first branch.

[0031] However, if any battery cell malfunctions, its internal resistance will suddenly increase. Since the battery terminal voltage equals the sum of the open-circuit electromotive force and the internal resistance voltage, the terminal voltage of the battery cell containing the faulty cell will also suddenly rise. At this time, the diode corresponding to that battery cell experiences a reverse voltage and quickly enters the off state, thus disconnecting the faulty battery cell. After the faulty battery cell is disconnected, the battery cells that are not faulty can continue to operate.

[0032] When multiple battery modules are connected (e.g.) Figure 1In the case shown, if any battery cell in any battery module fails, it can be disconnected individually, so as not to affect the operation of another normal battery cell in the faulty battery module, nor to affect the operation of other normal battery modules.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the discharge process of a battery module, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, for any battery module in the battery pack, under normal discharge conditions, each battery cell simultaneously supplies power to the load through diodes. For example, if the first battery cell 201 is functioning correctly, the first diode D1 is forward-biased, and the discharge current flows from the first battery cell 201 through the first diode D1 and the load in the first circuit before returning to the first battery cell 201, thus supplying power to the load normally. If the second battery cell 202 is functioning correctly, the second diode D2 is forward-biased, and the discharge current flows from the second battery cell 202 through the load and the second diode D2 in the second circuit before returning to the second battery cell 202, thus supplying power to the load normally. The third branch includes the first battery cell 201 and the first diode D1, and the fourth branch includes the second battery cell 202 and the second diode D2. The battery cells and diodes in the same branch can be interchanged, such as the discharge current flowing from the first battery cell 201 through the load and the first diode D1 in the first circuit before returning to the first battery cell 201.

[0034] However, if any one battery cell malfunctions, its internal resistance will suddenly increase. Since the battery terminal voltage equals the open-circuit electromotive force minus the internal resistance voltage during discharge, the terminal voltage of the battery cell containing the faulty cell will suddenly decrease. At this time, the diode corresponding to that battery cell will withstand the reverse voltage from other battery cells and quickly enter the off state, thus disconnecting the faulty battery cell. Similar to charging, the malfunction and shutdown of any one or more battery cells will not affect the operation of other normal battery cells.

[0035] The current during charging and discharging can be the current sampled at current sampling points. Each battery cell corresponds to one current sampling point, thus allowing monitoring of the charging and discharging current of each battery cell. The current can be sampled at these sampling points by connecting current sensors in series. For example, the battery module further includes a first current sensor and a second current sensor; wherein, the first current sensor is connected in series between the anode of the first diode D1 and the positive terminal of the first battery cell 201, for collecting the charging and discharging current between the anode of the first diode D1 and the positive terminal of the first battery cell 201; the second current sensor is connected in series between the cathode of the first diode D1 and the positive terminal of the second battery cell 202, for collecting the charging and discharging current between the cathode of the first diode D1 and the positive terminal of the second battery cell 202.

[0036] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As demonstrated in the examples, the battery pack can quickly disconnect faulty battery strings and continue to operate stably after disconnection, but the battery pack capacity will be reduced. The energy storage system or the user must then choose to continue operation or shut down for maintenance based on actual needs. Therefore, setting up current sampling points and connecting current sensors in series at these points can monitor the current of each battery cell, pinpointing the specific fault location and facilitating subsequent maintenance and other processing.

[0037] The battery management system can be used to collect and determine the current status at the current sampling points. For example, the battery pack also includes a battery management system; wherein the battery management system is electrically connected to the first current sensor and the second current sensor respectively, and the battery management system is used to acquire the charging and discharging currents at the output terminals of the first current sensor and the second current sensor.

[0038] After collecting the current, the battery management system can perform battery fault detection automatically. See the following example for details of the fault detection process: Figure 5 Schematic flowchart of the battery fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 .like Figure 5 As shown, the method for fault detection of battery cells in the aforementioned battery pack includes: S501. Obtain the charging and discharging current of the battery cell.

[0039] For example, obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell includes: obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell at preset intervals. That is, fault detection can be non-periodic, such as being manually activated whenever needed, or it can be periodic, performed at a preset interval; the preset interval can be 50 milliseconds, that is, fault detection is performed once every 50 milliseconds.

[0040] For example, before obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell, the method further includes: determining whether the battery pack is in a charging and discharging state; if so, then performing the step of obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell; wherein the charging and discharging state includes a charging state and a discharging state.

[0041] Since the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is zero when the battery module is not working, it remains essentially unchanged, meaning it won't cause abnormal current changes or damage to the entire circuit, so fault detection is unnecessary. Anomaly detection can be performed when the battery cell is charging or discharging. Therefore, before initiating fault detection, it's necessary to determine whether the battery cell (or battery module, or battery pack) is in a charging or discharging state. If so, fault detection is then initiated, first acquiring the charging and discharging current of the battery cell. If the battery cell is charging, the charging and discharging current corresponds to the charging current; if the battery cell is discharging, the charging and discharging current corresponds to the discharging current.

[0042] S502. If it is determined that the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is in an abnormal state, then it is determined that the battery cell is faulty, and the faulty battery cell is in a shut-off state.

[0043] S503. If it is determined that the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is in a normal state, then the battery cell is determined to be in a normal state.

[0044] For example, after obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell, the method further includes: Determine whether the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is zero. If it is, then the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is determined to be in an abnormal state; if not, then the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is determined to be in a normal state.

[0045] Under normal charging and discharging conditions, the charging and discharging current is not zero and will not approach zero. One way to detect whether the charging and discharging current of a battery cell is in an abnormal state is to detect whether the charging and discharging current suddenly approaches zero. If the charging and discharging current suddenly approaches zero, it can be determined that the battery cell is faulty. Furthermore, according to the battery module structure described above, a faulty battery cell will automatically enter a shutdown state, thus simultaneously confirming that the faulty battery cell is in a shutdown state. Conversely, if the charging and discharging current does not suddenly approach zero, it can be determined that the battery cell is in a normal state.

[0046] Since it's possible to determine whether the charging / discharging current is close to zero, judging whether the charging / discharging current of a battery cell is zero can also involve judging whether the charging / discharging current of the battery cell is within a first preset range. This first preset range can be set near zero. If the charging / discharging current is within the first preset range, it's determined that the charging / discharging current of the battery cell is in an abnormal state; if the charging / discharging current is not within the first preset range, it's determined that the charging / discharging current of the battery cell is in a normal state. The first preset range is set near zero. For example, the upper limit of the range can be set to a positive value of 0.5%-2% of the rated current, and the lower limit can be set to a negative value of 0.5%-2% of the rated current. Assuming the rated current is N and the percentage is 0.5%, then the upper limit of the first preset range can be a positive value (e.g., 0.1A, where A is the unit of current, ampere), and the lower limit can be a negative value (e.g., -0.1A).

[0047] If a battery cell malfunction is detected, an alarm can be triggered. For example, if it is determined that the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is in an abnormal state, the method further includes: An alarm is issued, and the location information of the faulty battery cell is output.

[0048] Alarms can take the form of indicator lights, buzzers, and displays. For example, the battery pack can be installed on equipment such as vehicles and work with in-vehicle displays. The battery management system will report the alarm to the in-vehicle system and display it on the in-vehicle display.

[0049] One way to output fault location information is to have each current sensor upload a unique identifier along with the current to the battery management system. The battery management system can then use this unique identifier to identify which specific battery cell has failed. Alternatively, each current sensor can be equipped with a physical indicator light. When the current drops from the normal charging / discharging current to zero, the physical indicator light will emit a warning. Since each indicator light corresponds to one current sensor, the exact location of the faulty battery cell can be determined.

[0050] Once the specific location of the fault is known, maintenance personnel can perform rapid repairs.

[0051] Alternatively, the location of the faulty battery cell can be omitted, allowing for troubleshooting through maintenance.

[0052] Figure 6 Schematic flowchart of the battery fault detection method provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 .like Figure 6 As shown, the method includes: S601. Determine that the battery pack is in a charging / discharging state; wherein, the charging / discharging state includes the charging state and the discharging state.

[0053] S602. At preset intervals, obtain the charging and discharging current of the battery cell.

[0054] S603. Determine whether the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is zero. If yes, proceed to step S604; otherwise, proceed to step S605.

[0055] S604. If a battery cell is found to be faulty and the faulty battery cell is in a shutdown state, an alarm is issued and the location information of the faulty battery cell is output.

[0056] S605. Confirm that the battery cell is in normal condition.

[0057] In summary, this application utilizes the increased resistance of a faulty battery cell and the unidirectional conductivity of a diode to automatically disconnect the faulty cell, thereby achieving overall protection of the battery energy storage system.

[0058] This application monitors the charging and discharging current of the battery cells in the battery pack in real time. When the battery pack is charging or discharging normally, if the charging or discharging current of a certain battery cell suddenly approaches zero, the battery management system will issue an alarm and quickly locate the area of ​​the faulty battery cell. This facilitates timely maintenance of the faulty battery cell, avoids overall battery pack failure, and increases battery life.

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the battery management system includes a memory 704, a processor 702, and a computer program stored in the memory 704 and executable on the processor 702. When the processor 702 executes the computer program, it implements the battery fault detection method provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Among them, Figure 7 In this document, a bus architecture (represented by bus 700) is used. Bus 700 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, linking various circuits including one or more processors represented by processor 702 and memory represented by memory 704. Bus 700 may also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. Bus interface 705 provides an interface between bus 700 and receiver 701 and transmitter 703. Receiver 701 and transmitter 703 may be the same element, i.e., a transceiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Processor 702 is responsible for managing bus 700 and general processing, while memory 704 can be used to store data used by processor 702 during operation.

[0061] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the battery fault detection method provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or code on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described above may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwired, or any combination thereof. Furthermore, the functional units may be integrated into a single processing unit, or they may exist as separate physical units, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit.

[0063] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For instance, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0064] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. Similarly, the components of the control device may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0065] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0066] It should be noted that although several modules or units for the device used to perform actions have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of this application, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0067] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein.

[0068] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, The device includes multiple battery modules, each of which includes a charging positive terminal, a charging negative terminal, a discharging positive terminal, and a discharging negative terminal; the charging positive terminals of the multiple battery modules are electrically connected, the charging negative terminals of the multiple battery modules are electrically connected, the discharging positive terminals of the multiple battery modules are electrically connected, and the discharging negative terminals of the multiple battery modules are electrically connected. Each of the battery modules includes: a first diode, a second diode, a first battery cell, and a second battery cell; the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the positive charging terminal of the battery module, respectively, and the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell and the positive discharging terminal of the battery module, respectively; the anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cell and the negative discharging terminal of the battery module, respectively, and the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second battery cell and the negative charging terminal of the battery module, respectively.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first battery unit includes one or more batteries connected in series, and the second battery unit includes one or more batteries connected in series.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module further includes a first current sensor and a second current sensor; wherein, the first current sensor is connected in series between the anode of the first diode and the positive terminal of the first battery cell, for collecting the charging and discharging current between the anode of the first diode and the positive terminal of the first battery cell; the second current sensor is connected in series between the cathode of the first diode and the positive terminal of the second battery cell, for collecting the charging and discharging current between the cathode of the first diode and the positive terminal of the second battery cell.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a battery management system; wherein the battery management system is electrically connected to the first current sensor and the second current sensor respectively, and the battery management system is used to obtain the charging and discharging current of the output terminal of the first current sensor and the output terminal of the second current sensor.

5. A battery fault detection method, characterized in that, The method for fault detection of battery cells in a battery pack according to any one of claims 1-4 includes: Obtain the charging and discharging current of the battery cell; If it is determined that the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is in an abnormal state, then it is determined that the battery cell is faulty, and the faulty battery cell is in a shutdown state. If it is determined that the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is in a normal state, then the battery cell is determined to be in a normal state.

6. The battery fault detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, After obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell, the method further includes: Determine whether the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is zero. If it is, then the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is determined to be in an abnormal state; if not, then the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is determined to be in a normal state.

7. The battery fault detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, If it is determined that the charging and discharging current of the battery cell is in an abnormal state, the method further includes: An alarm is issued, and the location information of the faulty battery cell is output.

8. The battery fault detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell, the method further includes: Determine whether the battery pack is in a charging / discharging state. If so, execute the step of obtaining the charging / discharging current of the battery cell. The charging / discharging state includes a charging state and a discharging state.

9. The battery fault detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the charging and discharging current of the battery cell includes: The charging and discharging current of the battery cell is acquired at preset intervals.

10. A battery management system, characterized in that, The battery management system includes one or more processors and one or more memories, wherein at least one piece of program code is stored in the one or more memories, and the at least one piece of program code is loaded and executed by the one or more processors to implement the method as described in any one of claims 5 to 9.

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