Rice seedling raising substrate with rotten straw and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a rice rotten straw seedling raising substrate, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural waste substrate utilization and agricultural seedling raising technology. The application provides a rice rotten straw seedling raising substrate to solve the problems of high salt and high alkali and low seedling raising size of the straw rotten material in the prior art, and the physicochemical properties of the components of the substrate are complementary to create a suitable microenvironment for the role of zinc fertilizer; meanwhile, the improvement of the substrate defects by the zinc fertilizer can further improve the seedling raising performance of the substrate, form a mutual promotion closed loop of "substrate formula optimization-zinc fertilizer function strengthening-seedling raising effect improvement", solve the technical bottleneck of direct use of the straw rotten material for seedling raising, and realize the organic combination of agricultural resource recycling and efficient seedling raising.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural waste substrate utilization and agricultural seedling technology, and in particular relates to a rice decomposed straw seedling substrate, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of mechanization and intelligence in rice cultivation, seedling substrates, as core agricultural inputs for ensuring the growth of rice seedlings, directly affect the subsequent growth, development, and yield of rice. Meanwhile, hundreds of millions of tons of crop straw are generated annually. Improper disposal of straw (such as burning) not only causes serious environmental pollution but also leads to a significant waste of agricultural resources; and long-term reliance on soil as a seedling substrate exacerbates soil degradation. Therefore, the utilization of straw as a substrate has become a key path to solving the two major agricultural environmental problems of "straw pollution" and "soil degradation." Among these, decomposed rice straw, due to its rich nutrients and excellent physicochemical properties, shows great potential in the research and development of rice seedling substrates.

[0003] However, decomposed straw has inherent drawbacks due to its high salt and alkalinity. When directly applied to rice seedling cultivation, excessively high salt and pH levels can inhibit seedling growth and even lead to seedling death. This problem restricts the large-scale application of decomposed straw in seedling substrates. Furthermore, the application of a single substrate component or a single fertilizer often fails to meet the comprehensive needs of rice seedlings for growth environment and nutrient supply. Therefore, improving the overall performance of seedling substrates through formula optimization and synergistic fertilizer effects has become a key focus of current research.

[0004] Zinc, an essential micronutrient for rice growth and development, not only participates in the synthesis and metabolism of various enzymes in the plant but also plays a crucial regulatory role in plant stress resistance and photosynthesis. Related studies have shown that zinc fertilizer has a dual function in rice seedling cultivation: on the one hand, zinc ions can combine with some salt ions (such as sodium and potassium ions) in decomposed straw to form precipitates, reducing the salt concentration and pH value of the substrate, thereby mitigating the high salt and high alkalinity defects of decomposed straw; on the other hand, zinc fertilizer can promote chlorophyll synthesis in rice seedlings, enhance photosynthetic efficiency, stabilize cell membrane structure, and improve the seedlings' stress resistance and disease resistance under adverse conditions such as drought and extreme temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of high salt and alkali content and low seedling yield of decomposed straw in existing technologies, this invention provides a rice seedling substrate made from decomposed straw, its preparation method, and its application.

[0006] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a rice seedling substrate made from decomposed rice straw, which, by volume, consists of 40-60 parts of decomposed rice straw, 10-15 parts of carbonized rice husks, 5-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 5-10 parts of silicate, 3-8 parts of perlite, 5-12 parts of vermiculite, and 1-3 parts of water-retaining agent.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rice decomposed straw seedling substrate further contains a seedling strengthening agent; the seedling strengthening agent is Hebi Zhuang seedling strengthening agent, and the fertilizer content meets the requirements of N-P2O5-K2O 9-4.5-1.5≥15% and Zn≥0.2%; the application amount of the seedling strengthening agent is 30 g of seedling strengthening agent added to each seedling tray.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seedling tray is 30 cm long, 60 cm wide, and 3 cm high.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composted rice straw contains 20.82% organic matter and 18024 mg / g of available potassium.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bulk density of the decomposed rice straw is 0.674 and the total porosity is greater than 50%.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the decomposed rice straw is 1-5 mm and the pH value is 6.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the decomposed rice straw is 3-5 mm.

[0013] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned rice decomposed straw seedling substrate, the preparation method comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of rice straw compost: Dry rice straw is placed in an environment with an temperature of 25-35℃ and a humidity of 55-65% and composted with a composting agent for ≥5 months. After complete composting, it is crushed to obtain rice straw compost. S2: Ingredient Mixing: Weigh out 40-60 parts of decomposed rice straw, 10-15 parts of carbonized rice husks, 5-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 5-10 parts of silicate, 3-8 parts of perlite, 5-12 parts of vermiculite, and 1-3 parts of water-retaining agent by volume. At the same time, add 30g of seedling strengthening agent to each seedling tray. Put all components into a mixer and mix evenly to obtain rice decomposed straw seedling substrate.

[0014] The third objective of this invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned decomposed rice straw seedling substrate in promoting the growth of rice seedlings. The application of promoting the growth of rice seedlings refers to increasing the plant height, leaf age, stem base width, taproot length, dry matter content, chlorophyll content and soluble sugar content of rice seedlings, as well as improving the stress resistance and disease resistance of rice seedlings.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of using the decomposed rice straw seedling substrate is as follows: the decomposed rice straw seedling substrate is filled into the seedling tray, leveled, and then rice is sown; a zinc fertilizer solution is sprayed 7-10 days after rice sowing to complete the use of the seedling substrate; the zinc fertilizer is Yidimei Zinc with a zinc content of 21%; the application concentration of the zinc fertilizer is 0.1%, and the application amount is 1.5-2 L added to each seedling tray.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: by optimizing the substrate formula and zinc fertilizer application method, the present invention achieves mutual promotion between the substrate and zinc fertilizer, which not only solves the defects of high salt and high alkali in straw decomposition, but also improves the quality of rice seedling cultivation, while reducing the dependence of seedling cultivation on soil, and realizes the recycling of straw resources.

[0017] Rice straw decomposed material: This invention uses rice straw decomposed material as the core raw material of the substrate. Its organic matter content reaches 20.82%, and the available potassium content is 18024 mg / g, which can provide rich nutrition for seedlings. At the same time, its physical and chemical properties of bulk density 0.674 and total porosity greater than 50% provide a good aeration and water permeability environment for seedling root growth. The optimal particle size is controlled at 3-5mm, which can ensure the structure of the substrate and avoid poor aeration caused by too small a particle size or insufficient water and fertilizer retention capacity caused by too large a particle size.

[0018] Carbonized rice husks: This invention utilizes the lightweight and porous properties of carbonized rice husks to further optimize the aeration and drainage of the substrate. When combined with decomposed straw, the bulk density of the substrate can be adjusted to avoid the substrate becoming too compact and affecting root development.

[0019] Phosphogypsum: Its main component is calcium sulfate, which can not only provide seedlings with nutrients such as calcium and sulfur, but also react with alkaline substances in straw decomposition to lower the pH value of the substrate, creating a suitable acid-base environment for zinc fertilizer to work. At the same time, it works synergistically with zinc ions to further enhance the precipitation effect of salt ions.

[0020] Silicates can enhance the structure of the substrate and improve its fertilizer retention capacity. They also provide silicon to rice seedlings. Silicon can work synergistically with zinc to increase the thickness of the seedling cell wall and the content of the cuticle, thereby improving the seedlings' stress resistance and disease resistance.

[0021] Perlite and vermiculite: Both are high-quality lightweight porous substrate materials. Perlite has excellent air permeability, while vermiculite has outstanding water and fertilizer retention capacity. The combination of the two can balance the air permeability and water retention of the substrate, complementing straw decomposition and carbonized rice husks, optimizing the water, air, and fertilizer ratio of the substrate, and providing a good root environment for the absorption and utilization of zinc fertilizer.

[0022] Water-retaining agent: It can enhance the water retention capacity of the substrate, prevent the zinc fertilizer concentration from being too high due to water loss and thus avoid damage to seedlings. At the same time, it can ensure the continuous supply of water and nutrients during the growth of seedlings and promote the efficient utilization of zinc fertilizer.

[0023] Hebi Zhuang Yang Agent: Its nutrient ratio (N-P2O5-K2O 9-4.5-1.5≥15%, Zn≥0.2%) works synergistically with the substrate nutrients and exogenous zinc fertilizer, which can not only supplement the macro- and micro-elements required for seedling growth, but also avoid nutrient imbalance and enhance the synergistic effect of zinc fertilizer.

[0024] This invention selects Yidimei Zinc with a zinc content of 21% as the zinc fertilizer, which has high purity and rapid effect. The application concentration of the zinc fertilizer is limited to 0.1%, and the application time is 7-10 days after rice sowing. The application rate is 1.5-2 L per tray (based on a seedling tray with a length of 30 cm, a width of 60 cm, and a height of 3 cm), with 1500 mL sprayed per standard seedling tray (60 cm × 25 cm). This invention utilizes an application method that ensures the zinc fertilizer plays its role during the critical growth period of seedlings. It avoids excessive reaction between the zinc fertilizer and substrate salts at the initial sowing stage, thus preventing adverse effects, while also providing timely zinc to the seedlings. Simultaneously, it synergistically improves the high-salt and high-alkalinity environment with the substrate components.

[0025] This invention achieves the synergistic effect of substrate formulation and zinc fertilizer through synergistic design, resulting in the following significant effects: 1. The substrate and zinc fertilizer promote each other and improve the seedling environment: The phosphogypsum in the substrate can lower the pH value of the straw decomposition, creating suitable conditions for the combination and precipitation of zinc ions and salt ions, thus enhancing the improvement effect of zinc fertilizer on high-salt and high-alkali environments. At the same time, the substrate environment improved by zinc fertilizer (suitable salt content and pH value) can give full play to the physicochemical advantages of each component of the substrate (such as good aeration, water retention and nutrient supply capacity), avoid the performance failure of the substrate due to high salt and high alkali, and form a virtuous cycle of "substrate environment improvement - zinc fertilizer enhancement improvement - substrate performance optimization".

[0026] 2. Improve seedling quality and enhance seedling growth performance: The substrate provides seedlings with abundant nutrients and a suitable growth microenvironment, promoting the absorption and utilization of zinc fertilizer; zinc fertilizer, in turn, further enhances seedling growth performance by promoting chlorophyll synthesis, enhancing photosynthetic efficiency, and stabilizing cell membrane structure. Experimental verification shows that using the seedling substrate and method of this invention, rice seedling height, leaf age, stem base width, and taproot length increased by 10-15%, 8-12%, 12-18%, and 15-20%, respectively; dry matter increased by 20-25%; and chlorophyll content and soluble sugar content increased by 10-15% and 12-16%, respectively. The seedlings' stress resistance and disease resistance were significantly enhanced.

[0027] 3. Realize the recycling of straw resources and protect the environment: This invention uses decomposed rice straw as the core raw material, which can consume a large amount of rice straw waste every year, avoid environmental pollution caused by straw burning, reduce the dependence of seedling cultivation on soil, reduce the exploitation and degradation of arable land, and conform to the concept of sustainable agricultural development.

[0028] 4. The formula is scientific and reasonable, with low cost and simple operation: The raw materials used in this invention are all readily available agricultural waste or commercially available conventional products, with low cost; the preparation and use methods are simple, requiring no complicated equipment, suitable for large-scale promotion and application, and have significant economic and social benefits.

[0029] This invention innovatively proposes the synergistic application of a composite substrate of decomposed rice straw and zinc fertilizer in a specific ratio. Through the complementary physicochemical properties of the various components of the substrate, a suitable microenvironment is created for the zinc fertilizer to exert its effects. At the same time, the improvement effect of zinc fertilizer on substrate defects can further enhance the seedling performance of the substrate, forming a mutually reinforcing closed loop of "substrate formula optimization - enhanced zinc fertilizer efficacy - improved seedling effect". This solves the technical bottleneck of directly using decomposed straw for seedling cultivation and realizes the organic combination of agricultural resource recycling and efficient seedling cultivation. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this document and appropriately improve the process parameters to achieve the desired results. It should be particularly noted that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included in this invention. The methods and applications of this invention have been described through preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obviously make modifications or appropriate alterations and combinations to the methods and applications described herein without departing from the content and scope of this invention to implement and apply the technology of this invention.

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the materials, reagents, methods, and instruments used are all conventional materials, reagents, methods, and instruments in the art, and can be obtained commercially by those skilled in the art.

[0032] Example 1: (1) Preparation of rice straw compost: Dry rice straw is placed in an environment with an ambient temperature of 25-32℃ and a humidity of 60-65% and composted with composting bacteria for 6 months. After complete composting, it is crushed to obtain rice straw compost particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm. (2) Mixing ingredients: Weigh out 50 parts of decomposed rice straw, 10 parts of carbonized rice husk, 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 7 parts of silicate, 8 parts of perlite, 12 parts of vermiculite, and 3 parts of water-retaining agent by volume. At the same time, add 30 g of Hebizhuang seedling agent to each seedling tray. Put all the components into the mixer and mix for 20 minutes to obtain decomposed rice straw seedling substrate. (3) Substrate loading and sowing: The rice decomposed straw seedling substrate obtained in (2) is loaded into a seedling tray with a length of 30 cm, a width of 60 cm and a height of 3 cm. After leveling, rice is sown. After sowing, a thin layer of substrate is covered to obtain the seedling substrate. (4) Zinc fertilizer application: On the 7th day after rice sowing, dissolve Yidimeizinc in water to prepare a 0.1% zinc fertilizer solution, and spray it evenly on the surface of the seedling substrate obtained in (3) at a dosage of 1.5 L per tray.

[0033] Example 2: (1) Preparation of rice straw compost: Dry rice straw is placed in an environment with an ambient temperature of 25-30℃ and a humidity of 55-60% and composted with composting bacteria for 5.5 months. After complete composting, it is crushed to obtain rice straw compost particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm. (2) Mixing ingredients: Weigh out 55 parts of decomposed rice straw, 12 parts of carbonized rice husk, 8 parts of phosphogypsum, 8 parts of silicate, 6 parts of perlite, 9 parts of vermiculite, and 2 parts of water-retaining agent according to volume. At the same time, add 30 g of Hebizhuang seedling agent to each seedling tray. Put all the components into the mixer and mix for 18 minutes to obtain decomposed rice straw seedling substrate. (3) Substrate loading and sowing: The rice decomposed straw seedling substrate obtained in (2) is loaded into a seedling tray with a length of 30 cm, a width of 60 cm and a height of 3 cm. After leveling, rice is sown. After sowing, a thin layer of substrate is covered to obtain the seedling substrate. (4) Zinc fertilizer application: On the 8th day after rice sowing, dissolve Yidimeizinc in water to prepare a 0.1% zinc fertilizer solution, and spray it evenly on the surface of the seedling substrate obtained in (3) at a dosage of 1.8 L per tray.

[0034] Example 3: (1) Preparation of rice straw compost: Dry rice straw is placed in an environment with an ambient temperature of 30-35℃ and a humidity of 60-65% and composted with composting bacteria for 5 months. After complete composting, it is crushed to obtain rice straw compost particles with a particle size of 3-5 mm. (2) Mixing ingredients: Weigh out 60 parts of decomposed rice straw, 15 parts of carbonized rice husk, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 10 parts of silicate, 3 parts of perlite, 6 parts of vermiculite, and 1 part of water-retaining agent by volume. At the same time, add 30 g of Hebizhuang seedling agent to each seedling tray. Put all the components into the mixer and mix for 15 minutes to obtain decomposed rice straw seedling substrate. (3) Substrate loading and sowing: The rice decomposed straw seedling substrate obtained in (2) is loaded into a seedling tray with a length of 30 cm, a width of 60 cm and a height of 3 cm. After leveling, rice is sown. After sowing, a thin layer of substrate is covered to obtain the seedling substrate. (4) Zinc fertilizer application: On the 10th day after rice sowing, dissolve Yidimeizinc in water to prepare a 0.1% zinc fertilizer solution, and spray it evenly on the surface of the seedling substrate obtained in (3) at a dosage of 2 L per tray.

[0035] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example uses only conventional soil as the seedling substrate and does not apply zinc fertilizer.

[0036] Comparative Example 2: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no zinc fertilizer was applied; the other parts are the same as in Example 1.

[0037] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example and Comparative Example 1 is the application of zinc fertilizer; all other aspects are the same as Comparative Example 1.

[0038] Comparative Example 4: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the particle size of the decomposed rice straw is <1 mm, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0039] Comparative Example 5: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the particle size of the decomposed rice straw is >5 mm, specifically 6-8 mm, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0040] Comparative Example 6: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the amount of decomposed rice straw in the rice straw seedling substrate is 70 parts, and the pH value of the decomposed rice straw is 7.8. The other parts are the same as in Example 1.

[0041] Comparative Example 7: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the rice husks in the rice composted straw seedling substrate contain 8 parts carbonized rice husks, while the other parts are the same as in Example 1.

[0042] Comparative Example 8: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the rice husks in the rice composted straw seedling substrate contain 8 parts carbonized rice husks, while the other parts are the same as in Example 1.

[0043] Effect Experiment: 1. Rice seeds were sown using the seedling substrates prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, and comparative experiments were conducted to measure the growth indicators of rice seedlings, including plant height, leaf age, stem base width, taproot length, dry matter content, chlorophyll content, and soluble sugar content.

[0044] The results are shown in Table 1. All growth indicators of the treatment groups in Examples 1-3 were significantly better than those of the treatment groups in Comparative Examples 1-3. This indicates that the synergistic application of the rice decomposed straw seedling substrate and zinc fertilizer provided by the present invention has a significant mutual promoting effect. Its seedling effect is far better than the application of a single substrate or a single zinc fertilizer, which fully verifies the advanced nature and practicality of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0045] Table 1

[0046] 2. Rice seeds were sown in the seedling substrate prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4-5, and comparative experiments were conducted to measure the growth indicators of rice seedlings, including plant height, stem base width, root length, dry weight, and water retention rate.

[0047] The results are shown in Table 2. When the particle size of the decomposed rice straw is <1 mm, the total porosity of the substrate is too low, resulting in poor aeration and causing seedling root hypoxia and stunted growth. When the particle size of the decomposed rice straw is 6-8 mm, the substrate water retention rate decreases significantly, nutrients are easily lost, zinc fertilizer cannot be efficiently absorbed by the seedlings, and the seedling effect is significantly reduced. The present invention limits the particle size of the decomposed rice straw to 1-5 mm (optimal 3-5 mm), which can balance the substrate aeration and water and fertilizer retention, laying the foundation for the synergistic effect of each component and proving that the particle size range is an important prerequisite for the synergistic effect of the substrate components.

[0048] Table 2

[0049] 3. Rice seeds were sown in the seedling substrate prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 6-8, and comparative experiments were conducted to measure the growth indicators of rice seedlings, including plant height, stem base width, root length, dry weight, and water retention rate.

[0050] The results are shown in Table 3. In Comparative Example 6 (70 portions of decomposed straw), the proportion of decomposed straw in the treatment group was too high. Its high salt and high alkalinity characteristics could not be neutralized by other components, the pH value of the substrate rose to 7.8, the effect of zinc fertilizer in improving salinity and alkalinity was greatly reduced, and the components could not synergistically improve the substrate environment, thus hindering the growth of seedlings.

[0051] In Comparative Example 7 (8 portions of carbonized rice husks), the proportion of carbonized rice husks was insufficient, the substrate aeration optimization effect was poor, the bulk density was too high, the root extension was restricted, and the synergistic effect of perlite, vermiculite and straw decomposition was ineffective.

[0052] In Comparative Example 8 (8 portions of carbonized rice husk), the proportion of phosphogypsum in the treatment group was too high, and the pH value of the substrate dropped to 5.2. The acidic environment inhibited the activity of zinc ions and affected the absorption of mineral nutrients by the seedlings. The synergistic effect of acid-base regulation between phosphogypsum and silicate was destroyed.

[0053] Table 3

[0054] Therefore, it is evident that when any single substrate component exceeds the limits defined in this invention, the seedling effect significantly decreases. Key physicochemical properties such as substrate pH, aeration, and water retention become unbalanced, and the synergistic effects among components—such as acid-base regulation, water-air transport, and nutrient complementarity—are disrupted. This prevents the creation of a suitable environment for zinc fertilizer to function effectively and hinders the optimization of the substrate's own performance. However, the component ratio range defined in this invention allows components such as decomposed straw, carbonized rice husks, phosphogypsum, and silicates to work synergistically, optimizing the overall physicochemical properties of the substrate. Simultaneously, this creates a dual synergy with zinc fertilizer, ultimately leading to a significant improvement in seedling performance.

[0055] The specific embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A rice seedling substrate made from decomposed straw, characterized in that, The rice straw seedling substrate, by volume, consists of 40-60 parts of decomposed rice straw, 10-15 parts of carbonized rice husks, 5-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 5-10 parts of silicate, 3-8 parts of perlite, 5-12 parts of vermiculite, and 1-3 parts of water-retaining agent.

2. The rice decomposed straw seedling substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rice decomposed straw seedling substrate also contains a seedling strengthening agent; the seedling strengthening agent is He Bi Zhuang seedling strengthening agent, and the fertilizer content meets the requirements of N-P2O5-K2O 9-4.5-1.5≥15% and Zn≥0.2%; the application amount of the seedling strengthening agent is 30 g of seedling strengthening agent added to each seedling tray.

3. The rice seedling substrate based on decomposed straw according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seedling tray is 30cm long, 60cm wide, and 3cm high.

4. The rice decomposed straw seedling substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic matter content of the decomposed rice straw was 20.82%, and the available potassium content was 18024 mg / g.

5. The rice decomposed straw seedling substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bulk density of the decomposed rice straw is 0.674, and the total porosity is greater than 50%.

6. The rice seedling substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The decomposed rice straw has a particle size of 1-5 mm and a pH value of 6.

7. The rice decomposed straw seedling substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The particle size of the decomposed rice straw is 3-5 mm.

8. The method for preparing the rice decomposed straw seedling substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of rice straw compost: Dry rice straw is placed in an environment with an temperature of 25-35℃ and a humidity of 55-65% and composted with a composting agent for ≥5 months. After complete composting, it is crushed to obtain rice straw compost. S2: Ingredient Mixing: Weigh out 40-60 parts of decomposed rice straw, 10-15 parts of carbonized rice husks, 5-10 parts of phosphogypsum, 5-10 parts of silicate, 3-8 parts of perlite, 5-12 parts of vermiculite, and 1-3 parts of water-retaining agent by volume. At the same time, add 30 g of seedling strengthening agent to each seedling tray. Put all components into a mixer and mix evenly to obtain rice decomposed straw seedling substrate.

9. The application of the rice decomposed straw seedling substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in promoting the growth of rice seedlings, characterized in that, The application of promoting rice seedling growth refers to increasing the plant height, leaf age, stem base width, taproot length, dry matter content, chlorophyll content, and soluble sugar content of rice seedlings, as well as improving the stress resistance and disease resistance of rice seedlings.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method of using the decomposed rice straw seedling substrate in the application is as follows: fill the seedling tray with the decomposed rice straw seedling substrate, level it, and then sow the rice; spray the zinc fertilizer solution 7-10 days after rice sowing to complete the use of the seedling substrate; the zinc fertilizer is Yidimei Zinc with a zinc content of 21%; the application concentration of the zinc fertilizer is 0.1%, and the application amount is 1.5-2 L added to each seedling tray.

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