A mouse metabolic behavior detection intervention device and intervention method

Abstract

The application relates to a mouse metabolic behavior detection intervention device and an intervention method, and belongs to the technical field of animal experiment equipment. The device comprises a shell, an intervention cabin and a metabolism cabin are arranged in the shell, the intervention cabin comprises a cabin body located in the shell, an inducer for guiding experimental mice to spontaneously enter the cabin body is arranged at one end of the cabin body away from an entrance end of the cabin body, a self-motion mechanism is located between the inducer and the entrance end of the cabin body, is used for carrying the mice and generating reciprocating motion in response to spontaneous movement of the mice along the length direction of the cabin body, a monitoring mechanism is located at the periphery of the cabin body, is used for monitoring the position, state and motion track of the experimental mice in the cabin body, and a sealing mechanism is located at the entrance end of the cabin body and is used for opening or closing the entrance of the cabin body according to a detection signal of the monitoring unit. The mice spontaneously enter the intervention cabin through the inducer and autonomously run on the conveying belt, traditional forced motion means such as electric shock, a push rod and high-pressure airflow are completely abandoned, and the accuracy of monitoring data is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a device and method for detecting and intervening in the metabolic behavior of mice, belonging to the technical field of animal experimental equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the most important mammalian laboratory animals, mice rely heavily on exercise intervention in metabolic behavior studies to reveal the causal relationship between energy balance and behavioral regulation. Traditional exercise intervention methods, such as voluntary wheel running and forced swimming, have significant drawbacks: the intensity of voluntary wheel running cannot be standardized or quantified; forced swimming imposes high-intensity stress, disrupting normal metabolic states. Furthermore, these methods are difficult to integrate with high-precision metabolic monitoring in real-time and synchronously.

[0003] Current research on mouse metabolic behavior typically involves placing mice in a closed metabolic chamber, providing them with a fixed amount of food and water, and observing their metabolic indicators under natural conditions. However, when studying the therapeutic effects of exercise intervention on specific disease models (such as obesity and diabetes), it is necessary to apply controlled, low-stress exercise stimulation while monitoring metabolism, and to observe the intervention effect in real time. Current technologies often separate detection and intervention, making it impossible to obtain accurate metabolic feedback data at the same time and in the same enclosed space when exercise stimulation is applied. This "detection-intervention" asynchrony limits the depth and accuracy of the research. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device, comprising a housing, wherein an intervention chamber and a metabolic chamber are disposed within the housing, characterized in that the intervention chamber comprises: The chamber, located inside the shell, has an inducer at the end away from the entrance of the chamber for guiding experimental mice to spontaneously enter the chamber. An autonomous movement mechanism, located between the inducer and the cabin entrance, is used to carry the mouse and generate reciprocating motion in response to its spontaneous movement along the length of the cabin. The monitoring mechanism, located on the periphery of the chamber, is used to monitor the position, status, and movement trajectory of the laboratory mice inside the chamber. A sealing mechanism, located at the entrance end of the cabin, is communicatively connected to the monitoring unit and is used to open or close the entrance of the cabin according to the detection signal of the monitoring unit.

[0005] Furthermore, the first traction assembly includes: a first traction rope connected to the first rotating shaft, a first winch for winding and unwinding the first traction rope, and a first transmission for driving the first winch and providing it with an initial preload; the inner wall of the intervention cabin body is provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove for sliding at both ends of the first rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft reciprocates along the arc-shaped limiting groove under the tension of the first traction rope and / or the external force acting on the conveyor belt, and drives the first winch and the first transmission to rotate forward or reverse through the first traction rope.

[0006] Furthermore, the autonomous motion mechanism includes: The first rotating shaft is located inside the cabin and close to the inducer, with its two ends rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the cabin. The second rotating shaft is located inside the cabin and near the cabin entrance, with its two ends rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the cabin. The conveyor belt is fitted around the outer periphery of the first and second rotating shafts; A first traction component is connected to the first rotating shaft and is used to respond to the rotation of the first rotating shaft and drive the first rotating shaft to slide up and down. The second traction component is connected to the second rotating shaft and is used to drive the second rotating shaft to rotate so as to drive the conveyor belt to run.

[0007] Furthermore, the first traction component includes: The first traction rope is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft and is used to pull the first rotating shaft to rotate axially around the second rotating shaft; The first winch, located on top of the cabin, is used to retrieve and deploy the first traction rope; A transmission device, connected to the first winch, is used to provide an initial preload to the first winch and to drive the first winch to rotate.

[0008] Furthermore, the second traction component includes: A ratchet-type drive wheel is connected to the second rotating shaft and has a built-in pre-tensioned spring for driving the second rotating shaft to rotate; The second winch is located on top of the cabin and is connected to the transmission device. The second traction rope is wound around the ratchet drive wheel and the second winch at both ends, and is used to drive the ratchet drive wheel to rotate forward or backward.

[0009] Furthermore, the monitoring agency includes: A pressure sensor, installed on the transition plate at the entrance of the chamber, is used to monitor the weight and position of the laboratory mice; An infrared beam matrix, located outside the housing, is used to monitor the movement trajectory of the experimental mice and their real-time position on the conveyor belt.

[0010] Furthermore, the sealing mechanism includes: A sealed hatch is located at the entrance to the cabin. The hatch drive assembly, located on the top side of the cabin, is electrically connected to the infrared beam matrix and is used to drive the hatch to open and close.

[0011] Furthermore, the sealing mechanism also includes: A transition plate, located between the cabin entrance and the conveyor belt, is used to smoothly transfer experimental mice to the conveyor belt. A pressure sensor is installed on the bottom side of the transition plate and electrically connected to the door drive assembly. It is used to sense pressure changes in real time and feed them back to the door drive assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the intervention chamber is equipped with: The air intake pipe connects to the metabolic chamber at one end and extends into the intervention chamber at the other end. The exhaust pipe is connected to an external gas analyzer at one end and extends into the intervention chamber at the other end for real-time collection of exhaled gas samples.

[0013] Furthermore, the metabolic chamber is equipped with a supply device for providing standardized feed and water to the laboratory mice.

[0014] Furthermore, a device outer shell is fitted around the outer periphery of the housing, and the device outer shell is provided with: The air intake channel is connected to an external clean air source at one end and to the metabolic chamber at the other end. The exhaust channel is connected to the metabolic chamber at one end and to an external gas analyzer at the other end. The intake and exhaust controller is used to regulate the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust channels according to a preset timing sequence.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. This invention achieves completely stress-free autonomous movement detection. Through positive behavioral guidance using an inducer, the rats' natural exploratory instincts and habitat preferences are utilized to spontaneously enter the intervention chamber and run autonomously on the conveyor belt. This completely eliminates traditional forced movement methods such as electric shocks, push rods, and high-pressure airflow. The measured kinematic parameters and metabolic data are closer to the animal's true natural physiological state, improving the accuracy of monitoring data.

[0016] 2. This invention achieves precise targeting and immediate intervention of behavioral events. Through dual logical judgment using an infrared beam matrix and a pressure sensor, the system can capture in real time the combined behavioral nodes of a mouse entering the cabin boundary and moving within a specific coordinate area of ​​the conveyor belt. Once a mouse is detected entering the preset intervention trigger zone, the sealing mechanism responds instantly, and the cabin door closes. This behavior-triggered dynamic sealing mechanism ensures the accuracy of metabolic data measurement.

[0017] 3. This invention constructs a closed-loop quantitative feedback system for autonomous motion intensity. The first traction component not only acts as a passive resistance source for the conveyor belt, but its transmission moment of inertia and rotational speed are directly proportional to the mechanical power applied to the conveyor belt by the mouse running. By calibrating the angular acceleration and torque of the transmission in real time by the control unit, the work done by the mouse's spontaneous motion can be deduced in reverse, realizing a complete quantitative link of animal running - shaft rotation - sensor counting - power output, thus elevating qualitative observation to quantitative scientific analysis.

[0018] 4. This invention boasts a high level of integration and automation. The device highly integrates the animal's living and resting environment, daily food and water supply, autonomous movement detection platform, and real-time respiratory and metabolic sampling system into one unit. Throughout the entire experimental cycle, researchers do not need to manually transfer or capture the animals during their movement; the entire process is automated by a pre-set program, greatly reducing experimental variables introduced by human intervention and improving data repeatability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top of the housing of the concealed device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top of the hidden housing and device outer shell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hidden shell in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the metabolic chamber, which is the main feature of this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the metabolic chamber of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a top view of the metabolic chamber of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second traction component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the conveyor belt when the mouse enters the cabin according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the conveyor belt when the mouse moves autonomously inside the cabin.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cabin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of markings in the diagram: 1. Shell; 11. Supporting leg; 2. Metabolic chamber; 3. Intervention chamber; 31. Chamber body; 311. Through slot; 32. Inducer; 33. Autonomous motion mechanism; 331. First rotating shaft; 332. Second rotating shaft; 333. Conveyor belt; 34. First traction assembly; 341. First traction rope; 342. First winch; 343. Transmission device; 35. Second traction assembly; 351. Ratchet-type transmission wheel; 352. Second winch; 353. 36. Second traction rope; 36. Monitoring mechanism; 361. Pressure sensor; 362. Infrared beam matrix; 37. Sealing mechanism; 371. Sealed hatch; 372. Hatch drive assembly; 373. Transition plate; 38. Air inlet pipe; 39. Air outlet pipe; 4. Device housing; 41. Air inlet channel; 42. Air outlet channel; 43. Air inlet / outlet controller; 5. Supply device; 51. Automatic water tank; 52. Feed trough; 53. Weighing module. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-12 As shown, the mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device provided by the present invention includes a rectangular outer shell 1. The shell 1 is divided into a metabolic chamber 2 and an intervention chamber 3. The metabolic chamber 2 is on the right and the intervention chamber 3 is on the left. A supply device 5 is installed inside the metabolic chamber 2. The supply device 5 includes an automatic water tank 51 and an automatic feeder 52. The automatic water tank 51 and the feed tank 52 are installed on the inner wall of the metabolic chamber 2 by locking bolts. Both the automatic water tank 51 and the feed tank 52 are equipped with liquid level and balance sensors to provide real-time feedback on the replenishment status, ensuring that the data collection is not interrupted by the replenishment action while the experimental animals are freely eating and drinking throughout the process. A high-precision weighing module 53 is installed at the bottom of the metabolic chamber 2. The weighing module 53 is respectively set in front of the automatic water tank 51 and the feed tank 52 for monitoring the weight changes of mice. The intervention chamber 3 is set inside the metabolic chamber 2. The bottom of the intervention chamber is fixedly connected to the shell 1. A device outer shell 4 is fitted on the outside of the shell 1. Support feet 11 are fixedly connected at the four corners of the bottom of the shell 1 for supporting the shell 1.

[0034] The intervention chamber 3 includes a chamber body 31, an autonomous movement mechanism 33, a monitoring mechanism 34, and a sealing mechanism 37. The chamber body 31 is elongated and is integrally injection molded from polycarbonate material. The bottom is flat and the side walls are smooth. The left end of the chamber body 31 is a closed end, and the right end is an entrance end. The entrance end is connected to the internal space of the metabolism chamber 2 through a sloped plate, allowing the mice to move freely.

[0035] At the left end of the sealed wall of the chamber 31, an inducer 32 is installed on the top side of the interior. In this embodiment, the inducer 32 is specifically a removable and replaceable bedding box. The side of the bedding box facing the inside of the chamber is a stainless steel perforated mesh plate, which allows odor molecules to diffuse but prevents mice from gnawing on it. Before the experiment begins, the operator places sawdust bedding containing the odor of feces and urine, which has been used by littermates of the same sex, into the inducer 32. Taking advantage of the mice's strong social odor preference, the mice are induced to spontaneously move from the right entrance to the left sealed end.

[0036] The autonomous motion mechanism 33 includes a first rotating shaft 331, a second rotating shaft 332, a conveyor belt 333, a first traction component 34, and a second traction component 35. The first rotating shaft 331 is mounted at the end near the guide 32, i.e., the left end of the cabin 31, and the second rotating shaft 332 is mounted at the end near the entrance, i.e., the right end of the cabin 31. Both the first rotating shaft 331 and the second rotating shaft 332 are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the cabin 31 through miniature ball bearings. The conveyor belt 333 is tightly fitted around the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft 331 and the second rotating shaft 332. A gap is left between the upper surface of the conveyor belt 333 and the bottom wall of the cabin 31 to ensure that the conveyor belt 333 can rotate freely. The tension of the conveyor belt 333 is coarsely adjusted by the installation position of the second rotating shaft 332.

[0037] The first traction assembly 34 includes a first traction rope 341, a first winch 342, and a transmission device 343. One end of the first traction rope 341 is rotatably connected to the axis of the first rotating shaft 331, allowing the first rotating shaft 331 to rotate freely without tangling even when pulled by the traction rope. The first winch 342 is located at the top of the cabin. The other end of the first traction rope 341 extends vertically upward, passes through the top of the cabin 31, is fixed to the first winch 342, and is wound in the rope groove of the first winch 342. The first winch 342 is coaxially rigidly connected to a transmission device 343. In this embodiment, the transmission device 343 is selected as an incremental photoelectric encoder combined with a hysteresis brake module. During the initialization phase before the experiment begins, the control system applies a constant current to the hysteresis brake, generating a fixed reverse torque. This torque is converted into a static preload on the first traction rope 341 via the first winch 342. This preload causes the first shaft 331 to be subjected to an upward pulling torque, which slightly lifts the left edge of the conveyor belt 333, creating a slope. This also provides the basic resistance that the conveyor belt 333 needs to overcome when it is running. The two side walls of the cabin 31 are provided with through slots 311 that allow the first shaft 331 to rotate around the second shaft 332.

[0038] The second traction assembly 35 includes a ratchet drive wheel 351, a second winch 352, and a second traction rope 353. One end of the second shaft 332 extends through the side wall of the cabin 31 and is rigidly connected to the rotor portion of the ratchet drive wheel 351. The ratchet drive wheel 351 contains a planar spiral spring that continuously applies a torque to rotate the ratchet drive wheel 351 in the forward direction, thereby continuously tightening the conveyor belt 333 via the second shaft 332 to prevent it from loosening and slipping after prolonged use. The second winch 352 is also mounted on the top of the cabin 31 and is connected to the input shaft of the transmission device 343 via a synchronous belt. One end of the second traction rope 353 is wound clockwise around the groove of the ratchet drive wheel 351, and the other end is wound counterclockwise around the groove of the second winch 352. The transmission device 343 drives the second winch 352 to rotate, the second traction rope 353 extends, and drives the ratchet drive wheel 351 to rotate forward, thereby driving the conveyor belt 333 to rotate. If the ratchet drive wheel 351 rotates in reverse, it will not drive the second shaft 332 to rotate.

[0039] The first traction rope 341 has an initial preload tension on the first rotating shaft 331, causing the first rotating shaft 331 to initially be positioned at the upper end of the limiting groove. The internal spring of the ratchet drive wheel has an initial preload tension on it. When the tension on the second traction rope 353 decreases or disappears, the preload tension causes the ratchet drive wheel to rotate forward, winding the second traction rope 353 onto the wheel. When the tension on the second traction rope 353 is greater than the preload tension, the second traction rope 353 will drive the ratchet drive wheel to rotate in reverse, thereby driving the second rotating shaft 332 to rotate, causing the conveyor belt to run.

[0040] When the mouse, guided by the inducer, enters the intervention chamber 3 and reaches the conveyor belt 333, its gravity exerts pressure on the conveyor belt 333. The closer the mouse is to the inducer 32, the greater the torque applied to the first rotating shaft 331. When this torque exceeds the preload applied to the first winch 342 by the transmission device 343, the first rotating shaft 331 rotates downward along the limiting groove, causing the first traction rope 341 to extend. The first winch 342 and the first rotating shaft 331 rotate in the forward direction. After being transmitted through the transmission device 343, the second winch 352 rotates in the forward direction, the second traction rope 353 shortens, and the tension on the second traction rope 353 increases. When this tension exceeds the preload on the ratchet drive wheel 351, the ratchet drive wheel 351 rotates in the reverse direction, causing the second rotating shaft 332 to rotate. The conveyor belt 333 moves the mouse towards the exit of the intervention chamber 3. As the conveyor belt 333 moves the mouse away from the first rotating shaft 331, the smaller the torque applied to the first rotating shaft 331, the more it is reduced. When the torque is less than the preload applied to the first winch 342 by the transmission device 343, the first rotating shaft 331 rotates upward along the limiting groove, causing the first traction rope 341 to shorten. The first winch 342 and the first rotating shaft 331 reverse transmission, which, after being transmitted by the transmission device 343, drives the second winch 352 to reverse transmission. The second traction rope 353 lengthens, and the tension on the second traction rope 353 increases. The ratchet drive wheel 351 rotates clockwise, winding the second traction rope 353 onto the wheel. The second rotating shaft 332 stops rotating without any force, and the conveyor belt 333 stops running. After moving away from the guide 32, the mouse continues to move towards the guide 32 under instinct, thus approaching the first rotating shaft 331. This process repeats, achieving spontaneous movement intervention.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the monitoring mechanism 36 includes a pressure sensor 361 and an infrared beam matrix 362. At the entrance threshold of the chamber 31, instead of being directly suspended in mid-air, a separate, suspended metal transition plate 373 is installed, with the pressure sensor 361 attached beneath it. When a mouse steps from the metabolic chamber 2 into the intervention chamber 3, its four legs must first step onto the transition plate 373. The pressure sensor 361 immediately detects the weight change and generates a trigger signal. This signal is used to wake up the control system, which is in standby mode, and to record the animal's initial weight.

[0042] The infrared beam matrix 362 consists of 32 sets of through-beam infrared sensors arranged at a density of 5 mm, mounted on an external bracket of the housing 1, facing the transparent sidewall of the cabin 31. The transmitter and receiver of the infrared beam matrix 362 are located on opposite sides of the cabin 31, and the beam penetrates horizontally through the entire cross-section of the cabin 31. When an animal stands or moves at any position inside the cabin, its body will block the infrared beam at the corresponding position. The control system can calculate the precise two-dimensional coordinates and body projection area of ​​the live mouse on the conveyor belt 333 in real time at a refresh rate of 5 frames per second by rapidly scanning the on / off status of all channels.

[0043] When the mouse comes into contact with the conveyor belt 333, its own weight causes the first rotating shaft 331 to gradually descend from the top to a horizontal position. The first traction rope 341 drives the ratchet drive wheel 351 to rotate through the second traction rope 353 via the transmission device, thereby driving the second rotating shaft 332 to rotate, so that the mouse can move autonomously on the conveyor belt 333 and simulate the movement mode of climbing uphill, making the experiment closer to reality and nature, and obtaining more accurate experimental data and results.

[0044] The sealing mechanism 37 is installed at the entrance of the chamber 31. The sealed door 371 is made of lightweight carbon fiber composite material with soft silicone sealing strips covering its edges. The door drive assembly 372 is an integrated linear stepper motor module. The two ends of its motor shaft are connected to the centers of two stranded reels, driving the reels to rotate forward or backward. The connecting rope wound on the two stranded reels is connected to the top of the sealed door 371, and the bottom of the sealed door 371 is hinged to the bottom of the entrance of the chamber 31. The door drive assembly 372 drives the door 371 to open or close. This drive assembly is directly electrically connected to the control output of the monitoring mechanism 36 and receives dual logic judgment signals from the infrared beam matrix 362 and the pressure sensor 361. When a mouse enters the intervention chamber 3, the pressure sensor 361 detects the mouse's entry and closes the sealed door 371. When the pressure sensor 361 detects the mouse resisting again, it opens the sealed door 371, and the mouse enters the metabolic chamber 2 after completing its autonomous movement.

[0045] A cover is provided on the top side of the chamber 31. The first winch 342, the transmission device 343, the second winch 352, and the door drive assembly 372 are all located in the space formed by the cover and the top of the chamber 31. A gas sampling interface is provided through the top side of the intervention chamber 3, which is connected to the inlet pipe 38 and the outlet pipe 39 respectively. One end of the inlet pipe 38 is connected to the upper space of the metabolic chamber 2 to ensure that the collected gas is the ambient air inside the metabolic chamber 2; the other end extends into the interior of the chamber 31 of the intervention chamber 3 to replenish the balancing gas after the door 371 is closed. One end of the outlet pipe 39 is connected to the top of the chamber 31; the other end passes through the shell 1 through a Teflon tube and is connected to an external laser gas analyzer for continuous monitoring of carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations in exhaled breath.

[0046] The device housing 4 is provided with a near-term channel 41, an exhaust channel 42, and an inlet / outlet controller 43. One end of the inlet channel 41 is connected to an external clean air source, and the other end passes through the device housing 4 and the shell 1 and is connected to the metabolic chamber 2. One end of the exhaust channel 42 passes through the device housing 4 and the shell 1 and is connected to the metabolic chamber 2, and the other end is connected to an external gas analyzer. The inlet / outlet controller 43 is located on the outside of the device housing 4 and is used to control the opening and closing of the inlet channel 41 and the exhaust channel 42 according to a preset timing sequence.

[0047] The intervention method of the mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device includes the following steps: The experimental mouse is guided spontaneously into the chamber 2 and onto the conveyor belt 333 by an inducer 32; the monitoring mechanism 36 monitors the position and status of the experimental mouse in real time; when the pressure sensor 361 and the infrared beam matrix 362 determine that the experimental mouse has entered the chamber 31, the door drive assembly 372 closes the sealed door 371, making the chamber 31 a closed detection space; when the experimental mouse moves on the conveyor belt 333, its gravity acts on the first rotating shaft 331 at the entrance end of the conveyor belt 333, driving the first traction assembly 34 to move; the movement of the first traction assembly 34 is transmitted to the second traction assembly 34. The guide component 35 drives the conveyor belt 333 to run. Driven by instinct, the mouse moves towards the inducer 32 again and approaches the first rotating shaft 3, thus forming a spontaneous and reciprocating movement intervention on the conveyor belt 2. During the movement intervention, the metabolic data of the experimental mouse is monitored and recorded in real time. At the same time, the movement trajectory, status and weight change data of the experimental mouse are recorded by the monitoring mechanism 36. After the pressure sensor 361 and the infrared beam matrix 362 determine that the experimental mouse has ended its spontaneous movement, the movement intervention ends. The door drive component 372 opens the sealed door 371, and the experimental mouse leaves the conveyor belt 333 and the cabin 31, completing one intervention detection cycle.

[0048] When it is necessary to monitor the spontaneous movement of mice, the operator fills the bedding box of the inducer 32 with bedding containing the scent of its companions and pushes it into the left end of the chamber 31. The system power is turned on, and the mass flow meter in the air inlet / outlet controller 43 sets the clean air flow rate of the air inlet channel 41 to 0.5 liters / minute, maintaining positive pressure in the metabolic chamber 2. The sealed door 371 of the intervention chamber 3 is fully open. The experimental mice spontaneously explore from the metabolic chamber 2 to the entrance of the intervention chamber 3 via the inducer 32. When the mouse's front paw steps onto the transition plate 373, the pressure sensor 361 senses the pressure transitioning from grams to the mouse's body weight. The control system records the pressure value at this time as the animal's body weight and drives the sealed door 371 to close.

[0049] The mouse continues forward, entering the conveyor belt 333 entirely. At this point, the infrared beam matrix 362 detects that multiple beams of infrared light from the entrance to the middle are blocked, indicating that the animal has fully entered the chamber 31 and begins tracking its center of mass coordinates. As the inducer 32 continuously releases familiar scents, the mouse exhibits exploratory behavior and begins moving along the conveyor belt 333 towards the left inducer 32. As the mouse moves forward on the conveyor belt 333, the conveyor belt 333 changes from an inclined state to a horizontal state, and the release of the first traction rope 341 drives the first winch 342 to rotate, which in turn drives the transmission 343 to drive the second shaft 332 to rotate synchronously via the second winch 352, causing the conveyor belt 333 to form a closed-loop motion. Under the combined action of inertia and tactile feedback, the mouse continues to walk, and its stride frequency, stride length, and center of gravity displacement are captured in real time by the infrared matrix and pressure sensors.

[0050] After the sealed door 371 is closed, the intervention chamber 3 becomes an independent static closed-loop respiratory and metabolic chamber. The control system issues a command to start the sampling pump of the exhaust channel 42. Outside air enters the metabolic chamber 2 through the intake channel 41 and is slowly replenished into the intervention chamber 3 via the intake pipe 38 to maintain the air pressure balance inside the chamber 31. At the same time, the carbon dioxide-rich gas exhaled by the mice in the intervention chamber 3, which has consumed oxygen, is continuously pumped to the gas analyzer through the exhaust pipe 39. The infrared beam matrix 362 continuously monitors the mice in the intervention chamber 3. When the infrared beam matrix 362 detects that a mouse has left the conveyor belt 333, it stops data acquisition. When the pressure sensor 361 detects a pressure change, it opens the sealed door 371, allowing the mouse to leave the metabolic chamber 2. The control system stops the gas sampling pump, and the intervention chamber 3 and the metabolic chamber 2 are reconnected. After completing exploration and movement, the mice can return to the metabolic chamber 2 to eat and drink, or rest near the inducer 32. Thus, a complete automated experimental cycle of induction-movement-locking-sampling is completed.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A mouse metabolic behavior detection intervention device, comprising a shell (1), an intervention cabin (3) and a metabolism cabin (2) are arranged in the shell (1), characterized in that, The intervention chamber (3) includes: The chamber (31) is located inside the shell (1), and an inducer is provided at one end away from the entrance of the chamber (31) to guide the experimental mice to enter the chamber (31) spontaneously. An autonomous motion mechanism (33), located between the inlet of the inducer and the cabin (31), is used to carry the mouse and generate reciprocating motion in response to its spontaneous movement along the length of the cabin (31); The monitoring mechanism (36) is located on the outer periphery of the cabin (31) and is used to monitor the position, status and movement trajectory of the experimental mice inside the cabin (31); The sealing mechanism (37) is located at the entrance end of the cabin (31) and is communicatively connected to the monitoring unit. It is used to open or close the entrance of the cabin (31) according to the detection signal of the monitoring unit.

2. The mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The autonomous motion mechanism (33) includes: The first rotating shaft (331) is located inside the cabin (31) and close to the inducer, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the cabin (31); The second rotating shaft (332) is located inside the cabin (31) and near the entrance of the cabin (31), and its two ends are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the cabin (31); The conveyor belt (333) is fitted around the outer periphery of the first rotating shaft (331) and the second rotating shaft (332); The first traction component (34) is connected to the first rotating shaft (331) and is used to respond to the rotation of the first rotating shaft (331) and drive the first rotating shaft (331) to slide up and down. The second traction component (35) is connected to the second rotating shaft (332) and is used to drive the second rotating shaft (332) to rotate so as to drive the conveyor belt (333) to run.

3. The mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first traction assembly (34) includes: The first traction rope (341) is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft (331) and is used to pull the first rotating shaft (331) to rotate axially around the second rotating shaft (332); The first winch (342) is located on top of the cabin (31) and is used to reel in and release the first traction rope (341). A transmission device (343), connected to the first winch (342), is used to provide an initial preload to the first winch (342) and to drive the first winch (342) to rotate.

4. The mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second traction assembly (35) includes: A ratchet-type drive wheel (351) is connected to the second rotating shaft (332) and has a built-in pre-tensioned spring for driving the second rotating shaft (332) to rotate; The second winch (352) is located on top of the cabin (31) and is connected to the transmission device (343) in a transmission manner; The second traction rope (353) is wound around the ratchet drive wheel (351) and the second winch (352) at both ends, and is used to drive the ratchet drive wheel (351) to rotate forward or backward.

5. The mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring agency (36) includes: A pressure sensor (361) is installed on a transition plate (373) at the entrance of the chamber (31) to monitor the weight and position of the experimental mice; An infrared beam matrix (362) is disposed outside the housing (1) and is used to monitor the movement trajectory of the experimental mice and their real-time position on the conveyor belt (333).

6. The mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism (37) includes: A sealed hatch (371) is located at the entrance of the cabin (31); The hatch drive assembly (372), located on the top side of the cabin (31), is electrically connected to the infrared beam matrix (362) and is used to drive the hatch to open and close.

7. The mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism (37) further includes: A transition plate (373) is located between the entrance of the cabin (31) and the conveyor belt (333) to carry experimental mice to smoothly transition to the conveyor belt (333). A pressure sensor (361) is disposed on the bottom side of the transition plate (373) and electrically connected to the door drive assembly (372) for real-time sensing of pressure changes and feedback to the door drive assembly (372).

8. The mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intervention chamber (3) is equipped with: The air intake pipe (38) is connected at one end to the metabolic chamber (2) and at the other end extends into the body of the intervention chamber (3); The exhaust pipe (39) is connected to an external gas analyzer at one end and extends into the intervention chamber (3) at the other end for real-time collection of exhaled gas samples.

9. The mouse metabolic behavior detection and intervention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the housing (1) is fitted with a device outer shell (4), and the device outer shell (4) is provided with: The air intake channel (41) is connected to an external clean air source at one end and to the metabolic chamber (2) at the other end; The exhaust channel (42) is connected to the metabolic chamber (2) at one end and to an external gas analyzer at the other end. The intake and exhaust controller (43) is used to regulate the opening and closing of the intake channel (41) and the exhaust channel (42) according to a preset timing sequence.

10. An intervention method based on the device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The experimental mice were guided by an inducer to spontaneously enter the chamber (31) and board the conveyor belt (333). S2: The monitoring agency (36) monitors the position and status of the experimental mice in real time; when it is determined that the experimental mice have entered the chamber (31), the sealed door (371) is closed, so that the chamber (31) forms a closed detection space; S3: When the experimental mice move on the conveyor belt (333), their gravity acts on the first rotating shaft (331) at the entrance of the conveyor belt (333), driving the first traction component (34) to move; the movement of the first traction component (34) is transmitted to the second traction component (35), which in turn drives the conveyor belt (333) to run. Driven by instinct, the mice move towards the inducer (32) again, approaching the first rotating shaft (3), thus forming a spontaneous, reciprocating motion intervention on the conveyor belt (2); S4: During the exercise intervention, the metabolic data of the experimental mice were monitored and recorded in real time; at the same time, the movement trajectory, status and weight change data of the experimental mice were recorded through the monitoring device (36); S5: After the exercise intervention, the experimental mice leave the conveyor belt (333) and the cabin (31), and the sealing mechanism (37) is opened to complete one intervention detection cycle.

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