A water body disinfection system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a water disinfection system and method, belonging to the field of electrochemical water treatment technology. The invention introduces an anion exchange membrane between the anode and cathode of an electrochemical reactor, causing hydroxide ions generated at the cathode to migrate towards the anode under the action of an electric field, and inducing an enhanced local electric field at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode. This reduces the energy barrier of ozone generation reaction and promotes the efficient generation of ozone in a low-voltage, low-conductivity water system, thereby achieving rapid inactivation of bacteria and fungal spores in the water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemical water treatment technology, specifically to a water disinfection system and method. Background Technology

[0002] The efficient removal of pathogenic microorganisms from water bodies is a crucial prerequisite for ensuring drinking water safety and public health. Existing water disinfection technologies mainly include chlorination, ultraviolet disinfection, and ozone disinfection. Among these, ozone is considered an ideal disinfectant due to its strong oxidizing power, broad bactericidal spectrum, and lack of persistent disinfection byproducts. However, traditional ozone disinfection typically relies on centralized ozone generators, which are not only complex and energy-intensive, but also have limited solubility and mass transfer efficiency in water, restricting their application in decentralized and on-site water treatment.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, current water disinfection methods typically utilize electrolytic cells based on solid polymer electrolysis (SPE) technology to electrochemically generate ozone. These cells primarily consist of an anode (e.g., platinum or lead dioxide), a cathode (e.g., stainless steel), and a proton exchange membrane (PEM) that allows protons to pass through. Pure water and a high-concentration electrolyte solution (e.g., dilute sulfuric acid) are respectively introduced into the anode and cathode chambers to maintain conductivity. However, due to the high standard electrode potential (1.51V) and large kinetic energy barrier for ozone generation, coupled with the significant ohmic voltage drop caused by the low conductivity of the water, these devices must, in practice, add large amounts of electrolyte to the water to enhance conductivity or apply voltages far exceeding theoretical values ​​(e.g., 15V or even higher) to overcome the reaction energy barrier and achieve a substantial ozone yield. This directly leads to increased system energy consumption and decreased operational stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a water disinfection system and method that effectively solves the technical problems of low ozone generation efficiency and the need for high-concentration electrolytes or high voltages in existing electrochemical ozone generators, which leads to increased energy consumption and poor system stability. This invention provides a water disinfection system and method that achieves efficient and stable in-situ electrochemical ozone generation without the need for external electrolytes.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a water disinfection system, which includes an electrode assembly and a power supply.

[0006] The electrode assembly is formed by sequentially bonding an anode, an anion exchange membrane, and a cathode; the anion exchange membrane is an AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane or an AE anion exchange membrane.

[0007] The power supply is connected to the anode and cathode of the electrode assembly via wires to apply a working voltage to the anode and cathode; when the electrode assembly is immersed in the water to be treated, the OH- produced by the reduction of the water at the cathode... - The oxygen is transported through the anion exchange membrane to the contact interface between the anode and the anion exchange membrane, and a local electric field is formed at the contact interface to induce the oxygen evolution reaction and generate ozone in situ, thereby inactivating the microorganisms in the water to be treated.

[0008] The water body to be treated is a low conductivity water body, specifically including deionized water or groundwater.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the anion exchange membrane is 0.18 mm to 0.475 mm. For the AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane, the thickness is 0.45 mm ± 0.025 mm; for the AE anion exchange membrane, the thickness is 0.2 mm ± 0.02 mm.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the anode is a titanium-based metal oxide coated anode or a platinum mesh electrode, used for oxygen-related electrochemical reactions; the cathode is a stainless steel electrode, a nickel foam electrode, or an inert conductive electrode, used for water reduction reactions to generate hydroxide ions.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the titanium-based metal oxide coated anode is a titanium-based SnO2-Sb2O3 coated mesh anode or a titanium-based IrO2 coated mesh electrode.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the reactor further includes a reaction tank having an inlet and an outlet, and two sets of electrode assemblies respectively installed at the inlet and outlet to create a circulating disinfection process for the water to be treated within the reaction tank. These components constitute a continuous flow electrochemical reactor.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the inlet flow rate is 0.35L / min to 0.4L / min, and the hydraulic residence time in the reaction tank is 45s to 50s.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to provide a water disinfection method, which uses the water disinfection system described in any of the above-mentioned claims to disinfect the water.

[0015] The water disinfection method includes the following steps: placing the electrode assembly in the water to be treated, and applying a working voltage of 3V~6V to the anode and cathode through a power supply, so that the OH- produced by the reduction of the cathode in the water to be treated... -The oxygen is transported through the anion exchange membrane to the contact interface between the anode and the anion exchange membrane, and a local electric field is formed at the contact interface to induce the oxygen evolution reaction and generate ozone in situ, which is used to inactivate microorganisms in the water to be treated.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the working voltage is applied for 8 to 12 minutes.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the microorganism is a bacterium or / and a fungal spore.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the microorganism is *Escherichia coli* or *Aspergillus flavus* spores; the concentration of *Escherichia coli* is 2 × 10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL ~3×10 7 CFU / mL, the concentration of Aspergillus flavus spores is 1×10 5 CFU / mL ~2×10 5 CFU / mL Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: To address the technical problems of existing electrochemical ozone generators, such as low ozone generation efficiency, the need for high-concentration electrolytes or high voltages for ozone generation leading to increased energy consumption and poor system stability, this invention provides a water disinfection system.

[0019] This invention introduces an AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane or an AE anion exchange membrane between the anode and cathode of an electrode assembly, and directly attaches it to the anode, inducing a local high electric field at the interface. This local high electric field can significantly reduce the energy barrier of the ozone generation reaction, promote the efficient conversion of hydroxyl radicals (-OH) to ozone, and thus improve the ozone generation efficiency. Through the enhanced interfacial electric field effect between the AMI-7001 or AE anion exchange membrane and the anode, this invention enables the ozone generation reaction to proceed efficiently under a lower applied voltage. Therefore, in low-voltage, low-conductivity water systems, it lowers the energy barrier of the ozone generation reaction and promotes efficient ozone generation, thereby achieving rapid inactivation of microorganisms in the water.

[0020] This invention utilizes an AMI-7001 or AE anion exchange membrane to directly and directionally transport OH⁻ generated at the cathode to the anode interface, constructing a solid-state electrolyte reaction system that requires no external electrolyte. In both deionized water (with extremely low conductivity) and real groundwater (containing trace amounts of natural ions), the water disinfection system provided by this invention can stably and efficiently generate ozone and achieve water disinfection, overcoming the dependence of traditional technologies on high-concentration electrolytes. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the water disinfection system provided by the present invention, wherein 1 is the anode, 2 is the anion exchange membrane, 3 is the cathode, and 4 is the overall structure of the disinfection system.

[0022] Figure 2 This invention relates to the ozone concentration change over time when using AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane (Example 1), AE anion exchange membrane (Example 2), CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 1), PLA plastic mesh (Comparative Example 3), and FAB anion exchange membrane (Comparative Example 5) in 50 mL of pure water under a constant voltage of 6 V. AMI-7001 is Example 1, AE is Example 2, CEM is Comparative Example 1, PLA is Comparative Example 3, and FAB is Comparative Example 5.

[0023] Figure 3 To illustrate this invention, when using AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane (Example 1), AE anion exchange membrane (Example 2), CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 1), PLA plastic mesh (Comparative Example 3), and FAB anion exchange membrane (Comparative Example 5), electrolysis was performed in 50 mL of pure water at a constant voltage of 6 V to achieve a concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The disinfection efficacy curves of Escherichia coli at CFU / mL are shown, where AMI-7001 is Example 1, AE is Example 2, CEM is Comparative Example 1, PLA is Comparative Example 3, and FAB is Comparative Example 5.

[0024] Figure 4 To illustrate this invention, when using AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane (Example 3), AE anion exchange membrane (Example 4), CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 2), PLA plastic mesh (Comparative Example 4), and FAB anion exchange membrane (Comparative Example 6), electrolysis was performed in 50 mL of pure water at a constant voltage of 6 V to achieve a concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The disinfection efficacy curves of Aspergillus flavus spores at CFU / mL are shown in the figures. AMI-7001 is Example 1, AE is Example 2, CEM is Comparative Example 2, PLA is Comparative Example 4, and FAB is Comparative Example 6.

[0025] Figure 5 In this invention, when using an AMI7001 anion exchange membrane (Example 5), a CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 7), and a plastic mesh PLA (Comparative Example 8), electrolysis was performed in 50 mL of groundwater at a constant voltage of 3V to achieve a concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 7 The disinfection efficacy curves of Escherichia coli at CFU / mL are shown, where AEM is Example 5, CEM is Comparative Example 7, and PLA is Comparative Example 8.

[0026] Figure 6In this invention, when using AMI7001 anion exchange membrane (AEM, Example 6), CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 9), and PLA plastic mesh (Comparative Example 10), electrolysis was performed in 50 mL of groundwater at a constant voltage of 4.5 V to achieve a concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The disinfection efficacy curves of Aspergillus flavus spores at CFU / mL are shown, where AEM is Example 6, CEM is Comparative Example 9, and PLA is Comparative Example 10.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous flow electrochemical reactor of the present invention, wherein 1 is the outlet, 2 is the reaction tank, 3 is the first electrode assembly, 4 is the second electrode assembly, and 5 is the inlet.

[0028] Figure 8 In Example 9 of this invention, a continuous flow electrochemical reactor was used to process an initial concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 7 Inactivation curve of Escherichia coli at CFU / mL. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solutions of this invention, the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following test methods and detection methods are conventional methods; unless otherwise specified, the reagents and raw materials are commercially available.

[0030] Existing electrochemical ozone generation methods suffer from two main drawbacks: first, low ozone generation efficiency; and second, the need for high-concentration electrolytes or high voltage, leading to increased energy consumption and poor system stability. To address these technical problems, this invention provides a water disinfection system and method for in-situ electrochemical ozone generation.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0032] The present invention first provides a water disinfection system, which includes an electrode assembly and a power supply.

[0033] The electrode assembly is formed by sequentially bonding an anode, an anion exchange membrane, and a cathode; the anion exchange membrane is an AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane or an AE anion exchange membrane.

[0034] The power supply is connected to the anode and cathode of the electrode assembly via wires to apply a working voltage to the anode and cathode; when the electrode assembly is immersed in the water to be treated, the OH- produced by the reduction of the water at the cathode... -The oxygen is transported through the anion exchange membrane to the contact interface between the anode and the anion exchange membrane, and a local electric field is formed at the contact interface to induce the oxygen evolution reaction and generate ozone in situ, thereby inactivating the microorganisms in the water to be treated.

[0035] The water body to be treated is a low conductivity water body, specifically including deionized water or groundwater.

[0036] In the above technical solution, an anion exchange membrane is introduced between the anode and cathode of the electrochemical reactor, so that the hydroxide ions generated at the cathode migrate towards the anode under the action of the electric field, and an enhanced local electric field is induced in the interface region between the anion exchange membrane and the anode. In this way, the energy barrier of ozone generation reaction is reduced and ozone generation is promoted in a low-voltage, low-conductivity water system, thereby achieving rapid inactivation of microorganisms (bacteria and fungal spores) in the water.

[0037] Using the water disinfection system provided by this invention, when a voltage of 6V is applied to pure water, the system employing the AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane can achieve an ozone concentration of 4.9 mg / L within 10 minutes, far exceeding the comparative systems using cation exchange membranes, plastic mesh, or other types of anion exchange membranes (such as FAB membranes), significantly improving the in-situ ozone generation efficiency. This invention, using low voltages of 3V and 4.5V respectively, can achieve highly efficient inactivation of Escherichia coli and Aspergillus flavus spores in real groundwater (achieving 7.0-log₂O₃ spores respectively). 10 and 5.0-log 10 This indicates that the present invention effectively reduces the operating voltage required for ozone generation, avoiding the increased energy consumption caused by high-voltage operation. The present invention conducted 20 consecutive cycles of cyclic disinfection experiments on Escherichia coli and Aspergillus flavus spores, respectively, and the water disinfection system maintained stable inactivation performance, demonstrating excellent cyclic stability. Furthermore, the present invention, in a continuous flow electrochemical reactor under conditions of only 46 seconds of hydraulic residence time and an influent flow rate of 0.38 L / min, achieved the disinfection of an initial concentration of 10... 7 The complete inactivation of CFU / mL Escherichia coli further validated the long-term stability and engineering suitability of the system under continuous operation conditions.

[0038] The technical effects of the present invention will be described below through specific embodiments.

[0039] The element types and contents of the real groundwater (containing trace amounts of natural ions) used in subsequent embodiments 5, 6, and comparative examples 7 to 10 of this invention are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1. Actual Groundwater Raw Water Quality Indicators The anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes used in the subsequent embodiments and comparative examples of this invention were sourced from the following sources: AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.45 mm was purchased from Membranes International, USA; AE anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.2 mm was purchased from Zhongke Ruiyang Membrane Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.; CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.2 mm was purchased from Hangzhou Huamo Technology Co., Ltd.; insulating plastic mesh (PLA) with a thickness of 0.4 mm was purchased from Changzhou Honghao Screening Mesh Co., Ltd.; and FAB anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.13 mm was purchased from Fumatech, Germany.

[0041] Example 1 A water disinfection system, the water disinfection system comprising an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode with a size of 3cm×3cm is used as the anode 1, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode 3, and an AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.45mm is used as the solid electrolyte. The AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane is tightened between the anode and the cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich structure electrode assembly.

[0042] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate 50 mL of deionized water with an initial concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 7 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli ( E. coli The water to be treated is obtained and placed in a reaction tank. The above electrochemical reaction system is placed in the water to be treated.

[0043] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, generating ozone in situ. This ozone is then used to treat E. coli in the water body. E. coli The water is inactivated to achieve disinfection of the water body to be treated.

[0044] Example 2 A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and an AE anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.2mm is used as the solid electrolyte. The AE anion exchange membrane is tightly bound between the anode and the cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0045] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate deionized water with an initial concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 7 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli ( E. coli The water to be treated is obtained and placed in a reaction tank. The above electrochemical reaction system is placed in the water to be treated.

[0046] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, generating ozone in situ. This ozone is then used to treat E. coli in the water body. E. coli The water is inactivated to achieve disinfection of the water body to be treated.

[0047] Example 3 A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm × 3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh as the cathode, and an AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.45mm as the solid electrolyte. The AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane is secured between the anode and cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0048] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate 50 mL of deionized water with an initial concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 5 CFU / mL of Aspergillus spores ( A. flavus (spores), to obtain the water to be treated, and place it in the reaction tank, and place the above electrochemical reaction system in the water to be treated.

[0049] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, and ozone is generated in situ. This ozone is then used to treat Aspergillus flavus spores in the water body being treated. A. flavus The spores are inactivated to disinfect the water body to be treated.

[0050] Example 4 A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and an AE anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.2mm is used as the solid electrolyte. The AE anion exchange membrane is tightly bound between the anode and the cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0051] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate 50 mL of deionized water with an initial concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 5 CFU / mL of Aspergillus spores ( A. flavus (spores), to obtain the water to be treated, and place it in the reaction tank, and place the above electrochemical reaction system in the water to be treated.

[0052] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, and ozone is generated in situ. This ozone is then used to treat Aspergillus flavus spores in the water body being treated. A. flavus The spores are inactivated to disinfect the water body to be treated.

[0053] Example 5 A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and an AMI7001 anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.45mm is used as the solid electrolyte. The AMI7001 anion exchange membrane is fastened between the anode and the cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0054] The method of disinfecting water using a water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, the initial inoculation concentration into real groundwater (containing trace amounts of natural ions) is 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli ( E. coli The water to be treated is obtained and placed in a reaction tank. The above electrochemical reaction system is placed in the water to be treated.

[0055] S2, apply a 3V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 3V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, generating ozone in situ. This ozone is then used to treat E. coli in the water body. E. coli The water is inactivated to achieve disinfection of the water body to be treated.

[0056] Example 6 A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and an AMI7001 anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.45mm is used as the solid electrolyte. The AMI7001 anion exchange membrane is fastened between the anode and the cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0057] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, the initial inoculation concentration of real groundwater (containing trace amounts of natural ions) is 1.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 CFU / mL of Aspergillus spores ( A. flavus (spores), to obtain the water to be treated, and place it in the reaction tank, and place the above electrochemical reaction system in 50 mL of the water to be treated.

[0058] S2, apply a DC working voltage of 4.5V to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a DC voltage of 4.5V to the above electrochemical reaction system, and the OH- generated in the water to be treated will be reduced. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, and ozone is generated in situ. This ozone is then used to treat Aspergillus flavus spores in the water body being treated. A. flavus The spores are inactivated to disinfect the water body to be treated.

[0059] Example 7 This embodiment is the same as embodiment 5, except that: in this embodiment, a cyclic disinfection experiment is carried out continuously for 20 cycles in groundwater.

[0060] A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and an AMI7001 anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.45mm is used as the solid electrolyte. The AMI7001 anion exchange membrane is fastened between the anode and the cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0061] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, the initial inoculation concentration into real groundwater (containing trace amounts of natural ions) is 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli ( E. coli The water to be treated was obtained and placed in a reaction tank. The above electrochemical reaction system was placed in 50 mL of the water to be treated.

[0062] S2, apply a 3V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 3V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, generating ozone in situ. This ozone is then used to treat E. coli in the water body. E. coli The water is inactivated to achieve disinfection of the water body to be treated.

[0063] After the S3 and S2 treatment steps are completed, the electrochemical reaction system of the present invention is removed and placed in a new 50 mL of water to be treated (initial concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶). 7 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli ( E. coli A new round of inactivation treatment is carried out in 50 mL of the water to be treated, and this process is repeated 20 times.

[0064] Example 8 This embodiment is the same as embodiment 6, except that: in this embodiment, 20 cycles of cyclic disinfection experiments are carried out continuously in groundwater.

[0065] A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and an AMI7001 anion exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.45mm is used as the solid electrolyte. The AMI7001 anion exchange membrane is fastened between the anode and the cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0066] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, the initial inoculation concentration of real groundwater (containing trace amounts of natural ions) is 1.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 CFU / mL of Aspergillus spores ( A. flavus (spores), to obtain the water to be treated, and place it in the reaction tank, and place the above electrochemical reaction system in 50 mL of the water to be treated.

[0067] S2, apply a DC working voltage of 4.5V to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a DC voltage of 4.5V to the above electrochemical reaction system, and the OH- generated in the water to be treated will be reduced. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, and ozone is generated in situ. This ozone is then used to treat Aspergillus flavus spores in the water body being treated. A. flavus The spores are inactivated to disinfect the water body to be treated.

[0068] After the S3 and S2 treatment steps are completed, the electrochemical reaction system of the present invention is removed and placed in a new 50 mL of water to be treated (initial concentration 1.5 × 10⁻⁶). 5 CFU / mL of Aspergillus spores ( A. flavusA new round of inactivation treatment is carried out in 50 mL of the water to be treated (spores), and this process is repeated 20 times.

[0069] After 20 rounds of treatment, the electrochemical reaction systems in Examples 7 and 8 showed good cycle stability.

[0070] Example 9 This embodiment is the same as embodiment 4, except that the amount of deionized water used is increased from 50 mL to 400 mL.

[0071] Example 10 A continuous flow electrochemical reactor, such as Figure 7 As shown, 1 is the water outlet, 2 is the reaction tank, 3 is the first electrode assembly, 4 is the second electrode assembly, and 5 is the water inlet.

[0072] The continuous flow electrochemical reactor includes a vertically arranged cylindrical reactor, namely reaction tank 2, with an inner diameter of 5 cm and a length of 15 cm. The effective volume of the reactor is approximately 294 mL. The reaction tank 2 has an inlet at the bottom and an outlet at the top, with water flowing from bottom to top. Inside the reaction tank 2 are two sets of electrode assemblies, each consisting of a SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh cathode, and an AMI7001 anion exchange membrane. The electrode assemblies are connected to a DC power supply and operate under a constant voltage of 6V. By adjusting the influent flow rate, the hydraulic retention time is set to 46 s, corresponding to an influent flow rate of 0.38 L / min. The initial concentration is 10... 7 Using Escherichia coli at CFU / mL as the target, inactivation experiments were conducted under continuous flow conditions.

[0073] Experimental results show that efficient continuous inactivation can be achieved under the above conditions without adding any conductive electrolyte salts. Specific results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0074] To further illustrate the technical effects of the present invention, a comparative example is also provided, as follows.

[0075] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 2 is that the AE anion exchange membrane is replaced with a CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane.

[0076] A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and a 0.2mm thick CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane is used as the solid electrolyte. The CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane is fastened between the anode and cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0077] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate 50 mL of deionized water with an initial concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 7 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli ( E. coli The water to be treated is obtained and placed in a reaction tank. The above electrochemical reaction system is placed in the water to be treated.

[0078] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, generating ozone in situ. This ozone is then used to treat E. coli in the water body. E. coli The water is inactivated to achieve disinfection of the water body to be treated.

[0079] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 3 is that the AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane is replaced with a CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane.

[0080] A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. The system uses a 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh as the cathode, and a 0.3mm thick CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane as the solid electrolyte. The CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane is tightly sandwiched between the anode and the cathode to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0081] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate 50 mL of deionized water with an initial concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 5 CFU / mL of Aspergillus spores ( A. flavus (spores), to obtain the water to be treated, and place it in the reaction tank, and place the above electrochemical reaction system in the water to be treated.

[0082] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, and ozone is generated in situ. This ozone is then used to treat Aspergillus flavus spores in the water body being treated. A. flavus The spores are used to inactivate the spores, thereby disinfecting the water to be treated. Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 2 is that the AE anion exchange membrane is replaced with an insulating plastic mesh PLA.

[0083] A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and a 0.4mm thick plastic mesh PLA is used as the solid electrolyte. The plastic mesh PLA is tightly sandwiched between the anode and the cathode to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0084] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate 50 mL of deionized water with an initial concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 7 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli ( E. coli The water to be treated is obtained and placed in a reaction tank. The above electrochemical reaction system is placed in the water to be treated.

[0085] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, generating ozone in situ. This ozone is then used to treat E. coli in the water body. E. coli The water is inactivated to achieve disinfection of the water body to be treated.

[0086] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 3 is that the AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane is replaced with an insulating plastic mesh PLA.

[0087] A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and an insulating plastic mesh PLA with a thickness of 200μm is used as the solid electrolyte. The insulating plastic mesh PLA is tightly bound between the anode and the cathode with nylon cable ties to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0088] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate 50 mL of deionized water with an initial concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 5 CFU / mL of Aspergillus spores ( A. flavus (spores), to obtain the water to be treated, and place it in the reaction tank, and place the above electrochemical reaction system in the water to be treated.

[0089] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, and ozone is generated in situ. This ozone is then used to treat Aspergillus flavus spores in the water body being treated. A. flavus The spores are inactivated to disinfect the water body to be treated.

[0090] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 2 is that the AE anion exchange membrane is replaced with the FAB anion exchange membrane.

[0091] A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and a 0.13mm thick FAB anion exchange membrane is used as the solid electrolyte. The FAB anion exchange membrane is tightly sandwiched between the anode and the cathode to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0092] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate 50 mL of deionized water with an initial concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 7 CFU / mL of Escherichia coli ( E. coli The water to be treated is obtained and placed in a reaction tank. The above electrochemical reaction system is placed in the water to be treated.

[0093] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- - The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, generating ozone in situ. This ozone is then used to treat E. coli in the water body. E. coli The water is inactivated to achieve disinfection of the water body to be treated.

[0094] Comparative Example 6 The difference from Example 4 is that the AE anion exchange membrane is replaced with the FAB anion exchange membrane.

[0095] A water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly, a power supply, and a reaction tank. A 3cm×3cm SnO2-Sb2O3 / Ti mesh electrode is used as the anode, a 304 stainless steel mesh is used as the cathode, and a 0.13mm thick FAB anion exchange membrane is used as the solid electrolyte. The FAB anion exchange membrane is tightly sandwiched between the anode and the cathode to construct a sandwich-structured electrode assembly, forming an electrochemical reaction system.

[0096] The method for disinfecting water using the above-mentioned water disinfection system includes the following steps: S1, inoculate 50 mL of deionized water with an initial concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶ without adding any electrolytes. 5 CFU / mL of Aspergillus spores ( A. flavus (spores), to obtain the water to be treated, and place it in the reaction tank, and place the above electrochemical reaction system in the water to be treated.

[0097] S2, apply a 6V DC working voltage to the cathode and anode, activate for 10 minutes until the current stabilizes, ensuring that OH- migrates into the anion exchange membrane. Continue to apply a 6V DC voltage to the above electrochemical reaction system, and reduce the OH- generated in the water to be treated. - Anion exchange membranes will convert OH- -The oxygen is transported from the cathode to the anode, and under the influence of a localized high electric field formed at the interface between the anion exchange membrane and the anode, an oxygen evolution reaction is induced, and ozone is generated in situ. This ozone is then used to treat Aspergillus flavus spores in the water body being treated. A. flavus The ozone concentration generated by the system was significantly reduced under FAB anion exchange membrane conditions, resulting in a significant decrease in the inactivation efficiency of Escherichia coli and Aspergillus flavus spores, thus failing to achieve the rapid disinfection effect described in this invention. The experiments in Comparative Examples 5 and 6 showed that the inactivation efficiency of Escherichia coli and Aspergillus flavus spores was significantly reduced under FAB anion exchange membrane conditions, failing to achieve the rapid disinfection effect described in this invention.

[0098] Comparative Example 7 Compared with Example 5, the only difference is that the 0.45 mm thick AMI7001 anion exchange membrane is replaced with a CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane.

[0099] Comparative Example 8 Compared with Example 5, the only difference is that the 0.45mm thick AMI7001 anion exchange membrane is replaced with an insulating plastic mesh PLA.

[0100] Comparative Example 9 Compared with Example 6, the only difference is that the 0.45 mm thick AMI7001 anion exchange membrane is replaced with a CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane.

[0101] Comparative Example 10 Compared with Example 6, the only difference is that the 0.45mm thick AMI7001 anion exchange membrane is replaced with an insulating plastic mesh PLA.

[0102] The technical effects of the water disinfection system and the water disinfection method provided in the embodiments of the present invention were tested, and the results are as follows.

[0103] Figure 2 This invention relates to the ozone concentration variation over time when using AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane (Example 1), AE anion exchange membrane (Example 2), CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 1), PLA insulating plastic mesh (Comparative Example 3), and FAB anion exchange membrane (Comparative Example 5) in 50 mL of pure water under a constant voltage of 6V. Figure 2 It can be seen that when using the AMI7001 anion exchange membrane water disinfection system of Example 1 of the present invention, the ozone production efficiency is the highest, and the concentration can reach 4.9 mg / L in 10 minutes.

[0104] Figure 3To illustrate this invention, when using AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane (Example 1), AE anion exchange membrane (Example 2), CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 1), PLA plastic mesh (Comparative Example 3), and FAB anion exchange membrane (Comparative Example 5), electrolysis was performed in 50 mL of pure water at a constant voltage of 6 V to achieve a concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 7 Disinfection efficacy curve for Escherichia coli at CFU / mL. Figure 3 It can be seen that the AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane system used in Example 1 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 7.0-log2 for Escherichia coli within 2 seconds. 10 The AE anion exchange membrane system used in Example 2 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 7.0-log₂ for Escherichia coli within 5 seconds. 10 The system using the FAB anion exchange membrane in Comparative Example 5 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 7.0-log₂ for E. coli after 2 minutes. 10 The system using the CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane in Comparative Example 1 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 7.0-log⁻¹ for Escherichia coli after 4 minutes. 10 Comparative Example 3 showed no inactivation effect on Escherichia coli using a system made of plastic mesh PLA.

[0105] Figure 4 To illustrate this invention, when using AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane (Example 3), AE anion exchange membrane (Example 4), CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 2), PLA plastic mesh (Comparative Example 4), and FAB anion exchange membrane (Comparative Example 6), electrolysis was performed in 50 mL of pure water at a constant voltage of 6 V to achieve a concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The disinfection efficacy curve of Aspergillus flavus spores at CFU / mL. Figure 4 It can be seen that the AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane system used in Example 3 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 5.0-log₂ for Aspergillus flavus spores after 2 minutes. 10 The AE anion exchange membrane system used in Example 4 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 5.0-log⁻¹ for Aspergillus flavus spores after 4 minutes. 10 Comparative Example 2, using a CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane system, achieved an inactivation efficiency of 5.0-log⁻¹ for Aspergillus flavus spores after 8 minutes. 10 The FAB anion exchange membrane system used in Comparative Example 6 and the PLA plastic mesh system used in Comparative Example 4 showed no inactivation effect on Aspergillus flavus spores.

[0106] Figure 5In this invention, when using an AMI7001 anion exchange membrane (Example 5), a CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 7), and a plastic mesh PLA (Comparative Example 8), electrolysis was performed in 50 mL of groundwater at a constant voltage of 3V to achieve a concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 7 Disinfection efficacy curve for Escherichia coli at CFU / mL. Figure 5 It can be seen that the AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane system used in Example 5 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 7.0-log₂ for Escherichia coli after 2 minutes. 10 The system using the CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane in Comparative Example 7 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 7.0-log⁻¹ for Escherichia coli after 4 minutes. 10 The system using plastic mesh PLA in Comparative Example 8 had no inactivation effect on Escherichia coli.

[0107] Figure 6 In this invention, when using an AMI7001 anion exchange membrane (Example 6), a CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane (Comparative Example 9), and a plastic mesh PLA (Comparative Example 10), electrolysis was performed in 50 mL of groundwater at a constant voltage of 4.5 V to achieve a concentration of 1.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The disinfection efficacy curve of Aspergillus flavus spores at CFU / mL. Figure 6 It can be seen that the AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane system used in Example 6 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 5.0-log₂ for Aspergillus flavus spores after 8 minutes. 10 The system using the CEM-8040 cation exchange membrane in Comparative Example 9 achieved an inactivation efficiency of 4.0-log⁻¹ for Aspergillus flavus spores after 10 min. 10 In contrast, the PLA system used in Comparative Example 10 had no inactivation effect on Aspergillus flavus spores.

[0108] Figure 8 This invention employs a continuous flow electrochemical reactor for an initial concentration of 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 7 Inactivation curve of E. coli at CFU / mL. Figure 8 It can be seen that the concentration of E. coli in the water to be treated drops sharply within 1 minute of flowing through the reactor, and after 1 minute, no E. coli survives at the effluent.

[0109] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A water disinfection system, characterized in that, The water disinfection system includes an electrode assembly and a power supply; The electrode assembly is formed by sequentially bonding an anode, an anion exchange membrane, and a cathode; the anion exchange membrane is an AMI-7001 anion exchange membrane or an AE anion exchange membrane. The power supply is connected to the anode and cathode of the electrode assembly via wires to apply a working voltage to the anode and cathode; when the electrode assembly is immersed in the water to be treated, the OH- produced by the reduction of the water at the cathode... - The oxygen is transported through the anion exchange membrane to the contact interface between the anode and the anion exchange membrane, and a local electric field is formed at the contact interface to induce the oxygen evolution reaction and generate ozone in situ, thereby inactivating the microorganisms in the water to be treated.

2. The water disinfection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the anion exchange membrane is 0.18 mm to 0.475 mm.

3. The water disinfection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anode is a titanium-based metal oxide coated anode or a platinum mesh electrode; the cathode is a stainless steel electrode, a nickel foam electrode, or an inert conductive electrode.

4. The water disinfection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The titanium-based metal oxide coated anode is a titanium-based SnO2-Sb2O3 coated mesh anode or a titanium-based IrO2 coated mesh electrode.

5. The water disinfection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reaction tank with an inlet and an outlet, and two sets of electrode assemblies installed at the inlet and outlet respectively to form a circulating disinfection of the water to be treated within the reaction tank.

6. The water disinfection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inlet flow rate is 0.35L / min to 0.4L / min, and the hydraulic residence time in the reaction tank is 45s to 50s.

7. A method for disinfecting water, characterized in that, Water disinfection is performed using the water disinfection system described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The water disinfection method includes the following steps: placing the electrode assembly in the water to be treated, and applying a working voltage of 3V~6V to the anode and cathode through a power supply, so that the OH- produced by the reduction of the cathode in the water to be treated... - The oxygen is transported through the anion exchange membrane to the contact interface between the anode and the anion exchange membrane, and a local electric field is formed at the contact interface to induce the oxygen evolution reaction and generate ozone in situ, which is used to inactivate microorganisms in the water to be treated.

8. The water disinfection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The working voltage is applied for 8 to 12 minutes.

9. The water disinfection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The microorganisms are bacteria and / or fungal spores.

10. The water disinfection method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The microorganisms are Escherichia coli or Aspergillus flavus spores; the concentration of Escherichia coli is 2 × 10⁻⁶. 7 CFU / mL ~3×10 7 CFU / mL, the concentration of Aspergillus flavus spores is 1×10 5 CFU / mL ~2×10 5 CFU / mL.

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