Full-band gis ultrahigh frequency partial discharge pulse non-loss acquisition system
By working together with a dual-channel high-speed ADC module and an AI computing board, the problems of pulse loss and incomplete data in partial discharge monitoring of GIS equipment have been solved, achieving complete acquisition of partial discharge pulses across the entire frequency band, and improving the accuracy and intelligence of monitoring.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610101358.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing GIS equipment suffers from problems such as partial discharge pulse loss and insufficient data integrity in partial discharge monitoring, especially in complex electromagnetic environments where it is difficult to achieve continuous and complete acquisition of full-frequency signals.
It adopts a dual-channel high-speed ADC module, with the two acquisition channels serving as backups for each other, to achieve synchronous signal acquisition and alternating operation. This ensures that while one channel is processing, the other channel continues to acquire signals. Combined with FPGA and AI computing board, it performs real-time analysis and fault diagnosis, and dynamically adjusts system parameters.
It achieves complete acquisition of partial discharge pulses across the entire frequency band, improves the accuracy of partial discharge analysis and the level of intelligence in equipment status perception, and ensures the continuity and reliability of monitoring data.
Smart Images
Figure CN122260042A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent sensing technology for primary equipment, specifically to a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse acquisition system that does not lose data. Background Technology
[0002] Insulation defects, as a core threat factor to power systems, have become a key challenge for the international power engineering community in terms of diagnosis and prevention. According to international statistics, insulation defects account for over 60% of failures in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) equipment, highlighting the crucial role of early insulation defect diagnosis in ensuring safe equipment operation. Ultra-high frequency (UHF) methods, due to their advantages of high detection frequency, strong anti-interference capability, and high sensitivity, have been widely used in the detection and diagnosis of partial discharge in GIS. Full-band (0.3~1.5GHz, or full-pulse) UHF partial discharge monitoring can capture richer discharge characteristic information, which is of great significance for accurately assessing the insulation status of GIS.
[0003] In recent years, major domestic partial discharge (PD) manufacturers have developed products for full-band UHF PD online monitoring, used to capture complete discharge characteristic information of PD and for PD source localization. However, most existing products adopt a single-channel acquisition architecture. When intermittent PD pulses with a long duration occur on-site, the system needs a certain amount of time to store waveforms and process data after triggering sampling. During this period, it cannot respond to new triggers, resulting in the loss of subsequent pulses and the omission of key discharge information, directly affecting the accuracy and reliability of diagnostic results.
[0004] Furthermore, due to the complex internal structure and unique electromagnetic environment of GIS equipment, the propagation and attenuation characteristics of UHF signals pose a severe challenge to the integrity of pulse waveform acquisition. Existing single-channel systems lack effective redundancy backup and collaborative acquisition mechanisms, making it difficult to guarantee the continuity and integrity of monitoring data under abnormal operating conditions such as strong interference or channel failure. Although some multi-channel synchronous acquisition technologies are currently applied to partial discharge monitoring, their main purpose is signal comparison or location analysis, and a systematic solution specifically for "non-loss" (dead-zone-free) acquisition of full-band UHF partial discharge pulses has yet to be seen.
[0005] In recent years, some research institutions and equipment manufacturers in China have begun to pay attention to the problem of partial discharge pulse loss and have tried to improve it by increasing hardware processing speed or optimizing triggering strategies. However, due to the inherent architecture of the single channel, they have failed to fundamentally solve the pulse loss problem.
[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new system that can acquire ultra-high frequency partial discharge pulses across the entire frequency band without loss, so as to improve the integrity and reliability of GIS insulation status sensing. Summary of the Invention
[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse acquisition system that does not lose pulses. This system solves the problems of pulse loss and insufficient data integrity caused by single-channel acquisition methods, and achieves full-band, complete acquisition of partial discharge pulses.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse non-loss acquisition system, comprising: The signal acquisition and conditioning module is used to receive UHF sensor signals and perform filtering and amplification preprocessing on the signals; The dual-channel high-speed ADC module contains two independent and synchronous acquisition channels for synchronous acquisition of pre-processed signals across the entire frequency band. The high-speed data processing and storage module is connected to the dual-channel high-speed ADC module to control the alternating acquisition of the two channels, real-time linear compensation, trigger timing control, and real-time signal processing. It is also connected to the bus and the intelligent analysis and control module respectively. The intelligent analysis and control module is used to perform real-time analysis and fault diagnosis on the collected data and dynamically adjust system parameters; The two acquisition channels of the dual-channel high-speed ADC module serve as backups for each other. When one channel is in data processing or transmission mode, the other channel automatically switches and continuously acquires signals, achieving complete acquisition of partial discharge pulses.
[0009] Furthermore, the signal acquisition and conditioning module includes a filter circuit, a signal amplification circuit, and an ADC front-end circuit connected in sequence, for supporting the access of at least three ultra-high frequency sensors.
[0010] Furthermore, the dual-channel high-speed ADC module is connected to the ADC front-end circuit and uses an external reference clock to provide a synchronous sampling timing clock reference, ensuring the synchronization of the two acquisition channels.
[0011] Furthermore, the high-speed data processing and storage module is based on an FPGA and includes: The JESD204B interface is used to connect to the two acquisition channels of the dual-channel high-speed ADC module respectively. The trigger control module controls the start, stop, and switching of the dual channels based on a preset pulse trigger threshold, and achieves adaptive management of the trigger timing. The PCIe Gen3 high-speed interface is used to connect to the PCIe bus. The first I / O control module is used to receive parameter settings and control status reads from external devices for the high-speed data processing and storage module. The DDR4 memory controller is connected to the intelligent analysis and control unit for high-speed data transmission.
[0012] Furthermore, the intelligent analysis and control unit includes an AI computing board, equipped with a computing chip, and a DDR4 memory, a PCIe interface, and a second I / O control module respectively connected to the computing chip; The DDR4 memory is connected to the DDR4 memory controller and serves as the local working memory of the computing chip, used to cache data to be analyzed and AI models; The PCIe interface is connected to the PCIe bus and is used to enable high-speed data interaction with the high-speed data processing and storage module; The second I / O control module is used to realize data communication and parameter configuration with external devices.
[0013] Furthermore, the computing chip includes: The analysis module is used to identify the discharge type, determine the location, and provide fault warnings for partial discharge pulses. The self-diagnostic module is used to monitor the working status of the dual channels, and automatically alarms and switches channels when an abnormality occurs.
[0014] Furthermore, the high-speed data processing and storage module also includes: The real-time comparison module is used to compare the pulse sequences acquired by the dual channels in real time, identify and mark the missing time periods, and form a complete timeline record.
[0015] Furthermore, the sampling rate of the dual-channel high-speed ADC module is no less than 3GS / s, and it supports signal acquisition across the entire frequency band from 0.3 to 1.5GHz.
[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages: This invention proposes a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse acquisition system with no loss. By employing a dual-high-speed channel acquisition mechanism for single-channel signals and implementing a mutual backup working mechanism, the system automatically switches to the other channel for continuous acquisition after one channel triggers recording for a specific time. This effectively avoids pulse loss caused by system processing delays. It achieves complete and comprehensive capture of GIS UHF partial discharge signals, improving the accuracy of partial discharge analysis and the intelligence level of equipment status perception. This system solves the problems of incomplete pulse acquisition, low data reliability, and insufficient monitoring capabilities under continuous and dense discharge conditions in existing technologies. It provides key technical support for achieving panoramic and accurate perception and intelligent diagnosis of GIS partial discharges, and has significant economic benefits and application prospects. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 A block diagram of a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse non-loss acquisition system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse non-loss acquisition system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a timing diagram of the full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse non-loss acquisition system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] In current full-band GIS UHF partial discharge monitoring systems, the single-channel acquisition architecture often leads to the loss of subsequent pulses during periods of dense partial discharge pulses due to system data processing time. This results in the omission of critical discharge pulses, affecting the determination of the discharge type or location in the GIS. Furthermore, existing systems lack effective integrity verification mechanisms during continuous acquisition, making it difficult to assess the reliability of the actual acquired data. In addition, when the acquisition channel fails due to interference or hardware malfunctions, the system often cannot automatically switch or perform redundant backups, directly impacting the continuity and effectiveness of monitoring. These factors make it difficult for existing technologies to meet the requirements of GIS equipment status accuracy and intelligent diagnosis for complete and reliable partial discharge data, limiting the accuracy of operation and maintenance decisions and the timeliness of fault early warning.
[0023] This invention addresses the acquisition of partial discharge pulses in the entire UHF band (0.3~1.5GHz) of GIS (Gas-In-Grid). It proposes a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse acquisition system that does not lose the pulse. The system employs dual high-speed ADC channels to acquire one UHF partial discharge signal as backups for each other, ensuring that subsequent discharge pulses can still be continuously acquired without loss when the system is processing the triggered partial discharge pulse.
[0024] This invention solves the problems of pulse loss and insufficient data integrity in UHF full-band partial discharge monitoring on the market, and realizes full-band, complete acquisition of partial discharge pulses, improving the accuracy of GIS equipment status perception and the reliability of fault diagnosis, and providing effective support for intelligent operation and maintenance of power equipment.
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse non-loss acquisition system, comprising: The signal acquisition and conditioning module is used to receive UHF sensor signals and perform filtering and amplification preprocessing on the signals; The dual-channel high-speed ADC module contains two independent and synchronous acquisition channels for synchronous acquisition of pre-processed signals across the entire frequency band. The high-speed data processing and storage module is connected to the dual-channel high-speed ADC module to control the alternating acquisition of the two channels, real-time linear compensation, trigger timing control, and real-time signal processing. It is also connected to the bus and the intelligent analysis and control module respectively. The intelligent analysis and control module is used to perform real-time analysis and fault diagnosis on the collected data and dynamically adjust system parameters; The dual-channel high-speed ADC module has two acquisition channels that serve as backups for each other. When one channel is in data processing or transmission mode, the other channel automatically switches and continuously acquires signals, achieving complete acquisition of partial discharge pulses.
[0026] The full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse non-loss acquisition system of the present invention mainly includes four core parts: a signal acquisition and conditioning module, a dual-channel high-speed ADC module, a high-speed data processing and storage module, and an intelligent analysis and control module, with the following interconnection relationship: Figure 2 As shown.
[0027] 1. Signal acquisition and conditioning module: The UHF sensor receives the UHF partial discharge sensor signal from the GIS. The full-band signal is preprocessed by the filtering circuit and the signal amplification circuit, and then connected to the dual-channel high-speed ADC module through the ADC front-end circuit.
[0028] 2. Dual-channel high-speed ADC module, including two synchronous ADC sampling channels, with an external reference clock providing the synchronous sampling timing reference, and outputting two synchronous analog signals to the subsequent acquisition channels.
[0029] For GIS UHF monitoring, the system generally has the capability to connect at least three sensors, with other sensor access channels being the same. Figure 2 resemblance.
[0030] 3. The high-speed data processing and storage module is mainly implemented by a high-performance FPGA chip. It adopts the latest JESD204B interface to receive high-speed ADC acquisition data from the dual-channel high-speed ADC module and realizes alternating acquisition and real-time linear compensation under the centralized control of the FPGA.
[0031] The FPGA is responsible for trigger timing management and real-time signal processing, including a PCIe Gen3 high-speed interface that connects to the PCIe bus. Additionally, it works with the DDR4 memory controller via the PCIe Gen3 interface to write data to DDR4 memory at high speed. The dual-channel structure ensures that while one ADC is processing or transmitting data, the other ADC can continuously acquire data, thus preventing pulse loss. The first I / O control module is used by external devices to set parameters and read control status from the high-speed data processing unit.
[0032] The functions implemented by the FPGA are as follows: The trigger control module controls the start, stop, and switching of the dual channels based on a preset pulse trigger threshold, and achieves adaptive management of the trigger timing. The real-time comparison module is used to compare the pulse sequences acquired by the dual channels in real time, identify and mark the missing time periods, and form a complete timeline record.
[0033] 4. Intelligent analysis and control module, including an independent AI computing board, equipped with a computing chip, and a DDR4 memory, a PCIe interface and a second I / O control module respectively connected to the computing chip; Connecting to the PCIe bus via a PCIe interface, it can then connect to high-speed data processing and storage modules. The computing board is equipped with a dedicated computing chip and DDR4 memory. Under the scheduling of system control (ICD) and clock monitoring, it performs online analysis and feature extraction on a large amount of partial discharge pulse data, providing real-time intelligent support for fault diagnosis and early warning.
[0034] In other words, the computing chip performs the following functions: The analysis module is used to identify the discharge type, determine the location, and provide fault warnings for partial discharge pulses. The self-diagnostic module is used to monitor the working status of the dual channels, and automatically alarms and switches channels when an abnormality occurs.
[0035] This invention provides a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse non-loss acquisition system, which can be used with 550kV GIS products to improve the online monitoring and fault defect detection level of high-voltage switchgear, providing strong support for operation and maintenance. Simultaneously, this invention can also be used in conjunction with intelligent engineering or GIS partial discharge online monitoring systems to enhance the sensing capability of GIS insulation defects. While increasing the accumulation of primary intelligent sensing technology and data, it achieves considerable economic benefits and contributes to the formation of sustainable incremental business.
[0036] This invention provides a full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse acquisition system with no loss of data, featuring dual-channel collaborative acquisition, continuous and complete recording, adaptive trigger timing, and self-verification of acquisition integrity. Its working principle is as follows: (1) The system as a whole includes: signal acquisition and conditioning module, dual-channel high-speed ADC module, high-speed data processing and storage module, and intelligent analysis and control module.
[0037] The signal acquisition and conditioning module filters and amplifies the UHF signal output from the UHF sensor to meet the input requirements of subsequent acquisition circuits. The dual-channel high-speed ADC module includes two independent and identical acquisition channels (ADC CHA and ADC CHB), each with a sampling rate of at least 3GS / s, supporting synchronous acquisition of signals across the entire frequency band. The high-speed data processing and storage module includes a trigger control module that controls the start, stop, and switching of the dual channels based on a preset pulse trigger threshold.
[0038] (2) The high-speed data processing and storage module, based on an FPGA, is responsible for dual-channel acquisition timing control, real-time linear compensation, data splicing, and integrity verification. Through the included real-time comparison module, it compares the pulse sequences acquired from the dual channels in real time, identifies and marks any possible missing time periods, and forms a complete full-pulse timeline record. In addition, the data is transmitted to the back-end intelligent analysis and control module via a high-speed PCIe interface for partial discharge type identification and fault diagnosis.
[0039] (3) When the system is working, after a discharge pulse greater than the threshold occurs, the processing timing logic of the high-speed data processing and storage module is as follows: ADC CHA and ADC CHB simultaneously receive the same UHF signal. The system prioritizes processing waveform data from the ADC CHA channel. When there is no trigger pulse, the system ignores the data from the ADC CHB channel and directly sends the ADC CHA channel data to the DDR4 memory for waveform display. When a pulse exceeds the trigger threshold, ADC CHA responds first and records the waveform. If the preset recording time is not reached and the trigger pulse remains below the threshold, the recording of the current pulse segment ends. The high-speed data processing and storage module begins basic data processing on the current pulse segment, including pulse quantity analysis and spectrum analysis, and sends the analysis results and the original pulse waveform to the computing chip via the PCIe bus. During this process, ADC CHB monitors the waveform data. If ADC CHB does not detect a trigger pulse, ADC CHA continues to monitor the UHF signal. If the waveform monitored by ADC CHB also contains a pulse exceeding the trigger threshold, the high-speed data processing and storage module processes the pulse data from the ADC CHB channel, while the ADC CHA channel continues to monitor the waveform data. By alternating operations, it is ensured that when one channel is in a "dead zone" (processing or transmission time), the other channel can continue to record signals, thereby achieving complete and uninterrupted acquisition of trigger pulses.
[0040] Figure 3 This demonstrates how the dual channels alternately cover the entire discharge pulse timeline to avoid pulse data loss. When the amplitude, frequency, or specific characteristics (set by an intelligent algorithm) of the input signal exceed a certain threshold, the system determines that a valid "partial discharge pulse" event has occurred and records it as a "trigger." The diagram shows two preset pulse trigger events. "Trigger 1" and "Trigger 2" are two independent discharge pulses with an interval exceeding the dead time of the ADC CHA pulse processing. ADC CHA alone can acquire two complete discharge pulse sequences. Although ADC CHB starts pulse recording during the ADC CHA dead time, it detects no valid discharge pulses within the dead time and discards the data. "Trigger 3" and "Trigger 4" can be considered a longer discharge pulse sequence, but it exceeds the maximum recording time of ADC CHA. During ADC CHA pulse sequence processing, ADC CHB starts pulse recording. Detecting trigger pulses within the dead time, the system concatenates the pulse sequences from the two channels into a single pulse sequence based on the synchronous acquisition clock, stores it, and sends it to ensure that a longer discharge pulse is not lost.
[0041] (4) The intelligent analysis and control module mainly receives the pulse frequency and phase information, as well as the pulse quantity and amplitude information, after wavelet transform from the high-speed data processing and storage module via the PCIe bus to determine the discharge type and discharge location of the GIS UHF partial discharge signal. It also adjusts parameters such as the trigger threshold, channel switching time, and recording length of the high-speed data processing and storage module according to actual operating conditions via the second I / O control module and communication interface. The system has a built-in self-diagnostic mechanism that continuously monitors the dual-channel operating status and acquisition quality, automatically alarms when abnormalities occur, and supports redundant switching to ensure long-term operational reliability.
[0042] During system operation, the dual-channel ADCs simultaneously receive the same UHF signal. Waveform data from one channel is processed first; when a pulse exceeds the trigger threshold, that channel responds and records the waveform; if another channel detects a new pulse during processing, the acquisition is automatically switched to ensure no dead zones. The intelligent analysis and control module extracts pulse features through wavelet transform, determines the discharge type and location, and dynamically adjusts the trigger parameters.
[0043] This invention is primarily used in a GIS UHF full-pulse integrated acquisition system. In addition to real-time acquisition and recording of GIS UHF full-band partial discharge signals, it innovatively employs a collaborative acquisition mechanism with dual high-speed channels serving as backups for each other. This mechanism enables dual-channel complementary acquisition, continuous full-band pulse recording, and self-verification of acquisition integrity. The system solves the problems of partial discharge pulse loss, incomplete monitoring data, and insufficient reliability of fault diagnosis caused by system processing delays in existing single-channel acquisition methods. It achieves complete, unrestricted, and inherently reliable acquisition of GIS UHF partial discharge signals, improving the accuracy of partial discharge analysis and the intelligent level of equipment status perception.
[0044] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.
[0045] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A full-band GIS UHF partial discharge pulse acquisition system with no loss, characterized in that, include: The signal acquisition and conditioning module is used to receive UHF sensor signals and perform filtering and amplification preprocessing on the signals; The dual-channel high-speed ADC module contains two independent and synchronous acquisition channels for synchronous acquisition of pre-processed signals across the entire frequency band. The high-speed data processing and storage module is connected to the dual-channel high-speed ADC module to control the alternating acquisition of the two channels, real-time linear compensation, trigger timing control, and real-time signal processing. It is also connected to the bus and the intelligent analysis and control module respectively. The intelligent analysis and control module is used to perform real-time analysis and fault diagnosis on the collected data and dynamically adjust system parameters; The two acquisition channels of the dual-channel high-speed ADC module serve as backups for each other. When one channel is in data processing or transmission mode, the other channel automatically switches and continuously acquires signals, achieving complete acquisition of partial discharge pulses.
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition and conditioning module includes a filter circuit, a signal amplification circuit, and an ADC front-end circuit connected in sequence, which are used to support the access of at least three ultra-high frequency sensors.
3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-channel high-speed ADC module is connected to the ADC front-end circuit and uses an external reference clock to provide a synchronous sampling timing clock reference, ensuring the synchronization of the two acquisition channels.
4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-speed data processing and storage module is based on an FPGA and includes: The JESD204B interface is used to connect to the two acquisition channels of the dual-channel high-speed ADC module respectively. The trigger control module controls the start, stop, and switching of the dual channels based on a preset pulse trigger threshold, and achieves adaptive management of the trigger timing. The PCIe Gen3 high-speed interface is used to connect to the PCIe bus. The first I / O control module is used to receive parameter settings and control status reads from external devices for the high-speed data processing and storage module. The DDR4 memory controller is connected to the intelligent analysis and control unit for high-speed data transmission.
5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The intelligent analysis and control unit includes an AI computing board, equipped with a computing chip, and a DDR4 memory, a PCIe interface, and a second I / O control module respectively connected to the computing chip; The DDR4 memory is connected to the DDR4 memory controller and serves as the local working memory of the computing chip, used to cache data to be analyzed and AI models; The PCIe interface is connected to the PCIe bus and is used to enable high-speed data interaction with the high-speed data processing and storage module; The second I / O control module is used to realize data communication and parameter configuration with external devices.
6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The computing chip includes: The analysis module is used to identify the discharge type, determine the location, and provide fault warnings for partial discharge pulses. The self-diagnostic module is used to monitor the working status of the dual channels, and automatically alarms and switches channels when an abnormality occurs.
7. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-speed data processing and storage module also includes: The real-time comparison module is used to compare the pulse sequences acquired by the dual channels in real time, identify and mark the missing time periods, and form a complete timeline record.
8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-channel high-speed ADC module has a sampling rate of no less than 3GS / s and supports signal acquisition across the entire frequency band from 0.3 to 1.5GHz.