A heat extraction system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of containment heat exchange, and particularly relates to a heat export system and method. The heat export system comprises: a heat exchanger, which is adapted to be arranged in a containment, and is provided with a plurality of heat exchange components, and cooling liquid flows in the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is arranged along the inner wall of the containment; a heat exchange water tank, which is adapted to be arranged outside the containment; and a pipeline assembly, which is in communication with the heat exchanger and the heat exchange water tank respectively, and the heat exchanger and the heat exchange water tank exchange cooling liquid through the pipeline assembly. The present application provides a heat export system and method, so as to solve the problems of the existing heat export system, such as the reduction of heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, the weakening of loop driving force, the reduction of system flow and the instability of system flow in the long-term operation stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of containment heat exchange technology, and more specifically to a heat removal system and method. Background Technology

[0002] The passive containment cooling system operates as follows: When a design-basis accident occurs at a nuclear power plant, such as a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) or a main steam pipe rupture (MSLB) accident, a large amount of high-temperature steam-water mixture is released into the containment and comes into contact with the heat exchangers arranged on the containment walls. This heat is transferred to the cold fluid inside the heat exchanger tubes. Due to the thermal expansion of the fluid, the heated water flows along the heat exchanger outlet pipe into a high-level hot water tank outside the containment. After being cooled in the hot water tank, it returns to the heat exchanger. Over time, when the hot water tank reaches saturation temperature, the generated steam is released into the atmosphere, thus controlling the temperature and pressure inside the containment within a certain range and ensuring the integrity of the containment.

[0003] Passive containment heat removal utilizes simple physical laws such as height difference, density difference, and temperature difference (e.g., natural convection, phase change, heat conduction) to allow nuclear power plants to cool the containment without overly relying on accurate operator judgment and external energy supply during accidents. It features simple structure, low construction cost, good economic benefits, and inherent high safety.

[0004] Open-loop natural circulation systems are typically complex nonlinear systems. Due to their low operating pressure and significant variations in fluid properties, they are prone to complex two-phase (gas and liquid) flow phenomena such as boiling and flash evaporation. For example, when the fluid in the heat exchanger outlet pipe reaches a certain temperature, the static pressure gradually decreases as the fluid flows upward. When the fluid temperature exceeds the saturation temperature at the local pressure, flash evaporation occurs in the rising channel, causing fluctuations in the system flow rate and resulting in severe mechanical vibrations in the pipes. After prolonged operation, the water temperature in the heat exchange tank rises to the saturation temperature, reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger within the containment structure, decreasing the loop driving force, and lowering the system flow rate. The fluid then accumulates more energy in the heat exchanger, leading to new, more intense flow oscillations in the heat exchanger outlet pipe. Open-loop natural circulation systems are prone to flash evaporation and flow instability, which adversely affects the system's heat dissipation performance and safe operation.

[0005] Existing heat removal systems often experience reduced heat exchanger efficiency, weakened loop driving force, reduced system flow, and unstable system flow during long-term operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a heat removal system and method to solve the problems that existing heat removal systems often experience during long-term operation, such as reduced heat exchange efficiency of heat exchangers, weakened loop driving force, reduced system flow, and unstable system flow.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a heat removal system, comprising: A heat exchanger, which is adapted to be disposed within a containment vessel, the heat exchanger having a plurality of heat exchange components, a coolant flowing within the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger being inclined along the inner wall of the containment vessel. A hot water tank, wherein the hot water tank is adapted to be located outside the containment; The piping assembly is connected to the heat exchanger and the hot water tank, respectively, and the heat exchanger and the hot water tank exchange coolant through the piping assembly.

[0008] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger is equipped with several heat exchange components. These components are inclined to increase the heat exchange area. The heat exchanger and the hot water tank exchange coolant through a piping assembly. Furthermore, the thickness of the high-concentration air film is a major resistance factor affecting the steam condensation heat exchange process. With the increasing inclination angle, the axial component of gravity along the heat exchange tube wall increases in the inclined heat transfer components. This axial component causes the condensate to accelerate downwards, thereby disturbing the air layer, which is beneficial for heat exchange, improving heat exchange efficiency, and increasing loop drive. Setting the heat exchanger along the inner wall of the containment vessel, thus tilting it, reduces space occupation and does not affect the layout of other devices.

[0009] In one alternative implementation, the height of the heat exchanger is lower than that of the hot water tank.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the piping assembly includes a liquid outlet pipe, which includes a first horizontal section, a first vertical section, and an extension pipe section. One end of the first horizontal section is connected to a heat exchanger, and the other end of the first horizontal section is connected to the first vertical section. The end of the first vertical section opposite to the first horizontal section is connected to the extension pipe section, which extends into the heat exchange tank. The extension pipe section has several connecting holes.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the top of the extension pipe section is higher than the level of the coolant in the hot water tank.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the system further includes an air replenishment component, which includes a compressed air tank connected to the liquid outlet pipeline and contains compressed air.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the piping assembly includes an inlet pipe, which includes a second horizontal section and a second vertical section. One end of the second horizontal section is connected to a heat exchanger, and the other end of the second horizontal section is connected to the second vertical section. The end of the second vertical section opposite to the second horizontal section is connected to the heat exchange tank.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the system further includes a first control valve, a second control valve, and a third control valve. The air replenishment assembly also includes an air replenishment pipeline. The first control valve is disposed on the first horizontal section, the second control valve is disposed on the second horizontal section, and the third control valve is disposed on the air replenishment pipeline.

[0015] In one alternative implementation, a controller is further included, which is connected to the first control valve, the second control valve, and the third control valve respectively.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, a steam venting assembly is further included, which includes a steam venting pipe and a steam venting valve. The steam venting pipe is located at the top of the hot water exchange tank, and the steam venting valve is installed on the steam venting pipe.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for a heat removal system, comprising: arranging heat exchange components at an incline along the inner wall of the containment vessel to enhance heat exchange capacity and / or increase heat exchange area, such that the initial water level in the hot water tank is at a preset water level, and exchanging coolant between the heat exchanger and the hot water tank through a piping assembly, wherein the coolant carries the heat from the heat exchanger to the hot water tank. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heat removal system in the first state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat removal system in the second state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat removal system in the third state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat removal system in the fourth state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Heat exchanger; 2. Hot water tank; 3. Containment vessel; 4. Liquid outlet pipe; 401. First horizontal section; 402. First vertical section; 403. Extension pipe section; 4031. Connecting hole; 5. Liquid inlet pipe; 501. Second horizontal section; 502. Second vertical section; 6. Air supply assembly; 601. Compressed air tank; 602. Air supply pipe; 7. Exhaust assembly; 701. Exhaust pipe; 702. Exhaust valve; 8. First control valve; 9. Third control valve; 10. Second control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a heat removal system is provided, comprising: a heat exchanger 1, which is adapted to be disposed within a containment 3, the heat exchanger 1 having a plurality of heat exchange components, a coolant flowing within the heat exchanger 1, and the heat exchanger 1 being inclined along the inner wall of the containment 3; a hot water tank 2, which is adapted to be disposed outside the containment 3; and a piping assembly, which is respectively connected to the heat exchanger 1 and the hot water tank 2, and the heat exchanger 1 and the hot water tank 2 exchange coolant through the piping assembly.

[0024] Heat exchanger 1 is equipped with several heat exchange components, which are inclined to increase the heat exchange area. Heat exchanger 1 and heat exchange tank 2 exchange coolant through a piping assembly. Furthermore, the thickness of the high-concentration air film is a major resistance factor affecting the steam condensation heat exchange process. Heat exchanger 1, positioned above the arc initiation point, with its inclined heat transfer components, experiences an increase in the axial component of gravity along the heat exchange wall as the inclination angle increases. This axial component causes the condensate to accelerate downwards, thus disturbing the air layer, which is beneficial for heat exchange, improving heat exchange efficiency and increasing loop drive. Setting heat exchanger 1 along the inner wall of containment 3, thus tilting it, reduces space occupation and does not affect the layout of other devices. In this embodiment, the heat exchange components are heat exchange tubes or heat exchange plates. In this embodiment, heat exchanger 1 is fixed by a support, which is a cantilever structure of unequal length. The cantilever structure can support heavier equipment, thus providing a larger heat exchange area to enhance heat exchange.

[0025] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the height of heat exchanger 1 is lower than that of hot water tank 2. The coolant in hot water tank 2 flows into heat exchanger 1 under the action of gravity. After absorbing heat, the coolant in heat exchanger 1 becomes hotter and enters hot water tank 2, thus realizing passive flow.

[0026] In this embodiment, the bottom area of ​​the hot water tank 2 is expanded as much as possible to reduce the water level in the tank. The lower the water level, the lower the static pressure in the outlet pipe, and thus the lower the flash evaporation starting point, thereby increasing the driving force of the system loop and improving the heat exchange capacity of the system.

[0027] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the piping assembly includes an outlet pipe 4, which includes a first horizontal section 401, a first vertical section 402, and an extension pipe section 403. One end of the first horizontal section 401 is connected to the heat exchanger 1, and the other end of the first horizontal section 401 is connected to the first vertical section 402. The end of the first vertical section 402 facing away from the first horizontal section 401 is connected to the extension pipe section 403. The extension pipe section 403 extends into the hot water tank 2 and has several connecting holes 4031. The system introduces heat from the hot water tank 2 to evaporate the water, thereby gradually lowering the liquid level. As the liquid level drops, the connecting holes 4031 gradually emerge above the water surface, achieving connectivity while minimizing the impact of liquid level and static pressure.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the extension pipe section 403 is provided with several connecting holes 4031, which are arranged in rows along the axial direction of the extension pipe section 403. During system operation, as water evaporates, the liquid level in the hot water exchange tank 2 drops. Since the liquid level in the extension pipe is kept consistent with the liquid level in the hot water exchange tank 2 through the connecting holes 4031, the liquid level in the extension pipe drops accordingly. Compared with the outlet pipe without connecting holes 4031, the lower the liquid level, the lower the static pressure in the outlet pipe, and thus the lower the flash evaporation starting point, which increases the driving force of the system loop and enhances the heat exchange capacity of the system. The extension pipe arrangement in this embodiment ensures that the liquid levels inside and outside the outlet pipe remain consistent in real time, making full use of the above-mentioned enhancement effect.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the outlet height of the extension pipe is slightly higher than the normal water level. For example, if the normal water level of the hot water tank 2 is 230cm, the diameter of the extension pipe is the same as that of the outlet pipe of the heat exchanger 1, and the height is 240cm. Above the connection point, the pipe is complete for 120cm. Holes are made in the pipe wall in the 120cm-230cm range, with φ10mm round holes evenly distributed in each layer and a 15mm spacing between two layers of holes.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the top of the extension pipe section 403 is higher than the liquid level of the coolant in the hot water tank 2, so that the liquid level inside and outside the extension pipe section 403 is the same.

[0031] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a gas replenishment component 6, which includes a compressed air tank 601. The compressed air tank 601 is connected to the first horizontal section 401 or the first vertical section 402, and contains compressed air. Compressed gas is added to the liquid outlet pipeline 4 through the compressed air tank 601 to enhance heat dissipation capacity and achieve gas induction. On the one hand, adding air increases the gas content in the pipeline, improving the system's driving force; on the other hand, adding air reduces the static pressure in the rising section, which is beneficial for inducing flash evaporation. The flash evaporation initiation point shifts downward, and simultaneously induces the fluid in the flash evaporation section, which is in a thermodynamically non-equilibrium state, to generate more bubbles, increasing the system's driving force.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the changes in the positions of heat exchanger 1 and the gas supply assembly 6 result in four states for the heat removal system, namely, Figure 1 The first state is (heat exchanger 1 is located above the arc starting point of containment 3, and compressed air tank 601 is connected to the first horizontal section 401). Figure 2 The second state is (heat exchanger 1 is located above the arc point of containment 3, and compressed air tank 601 is connected to the first vertical section 402). Figure 3 The third state is (heat exchanger 1 is located below the arc initiation point of containment 3, and compressed air tank 601 is connected to the first horizontal section 401). Figure 4The fourth state is described as follows: (Heat exchanger 1 is located below the arc-starting point of containment 3, and compressed air tank 601 is connected to the first vertical section 402). In this embodiment, the first and second states both involve placing heat exchanger 1 above the arc-starting point of containment 3, such that the tilt angle is basically consistent with the curvature of containment 3, preferably 23°; the third and fourth states involve placing heat exchanger 1 inside the cylindrical part of containment 3, and more heat exchange area can be arranged by installing frames and supports, and the tilt angle range is 6°-30° by using support cantilevers of unequal length.

[0033] When compressed air is introduced into the first horizontal section 401, the two-phase oscillating flow stage occurs in the first horizontal section 401, and the system flow is in an unstable state. Air induction can significantly suppress the occurrence of flash flow instability and also allow the system to enter the two-phase stable flow stage earlier, which can significantly increase the system's circulation flow rate. In the experiment, the maximum increase in flow rate can reach 44%. When the flow in the first vertical section 402 reaches a stable state, air induction will not change the system's flow state, and the average increase in circulation flow rate is within 10%.

[0034] In this embodiment, the system heat dissipation power induced by air in the first horizontal section 401 is slightly higher than that induced by air in the first vertical section 402. Furthermore, in both the first horizontal section 401 and the first vertical section 402, the system heat dissipation power and circulation flow rate increase significantly with the increase of the air induction amount. However, the effect of the air induction amount on the heat dissipation power is non-linear. When the air induction amount reaches 4 kg / h, the system heat dissipation power increases by approximately 12% (approximately 17% for the first horizontal section 401 and approximately 7% for the first vertical section 402). With further increases in the air induction amount, the effect of further increasing the air induction on improving system heat dissipation weakens because the vapor content in the first vertical section 402 has already reached a high level. In addition, air induction has a good effect on eliminating two-phase oscillations. Under high temperature and pressure conditions, the system loop was originally in a periodic flow; when the air induction amount increased to 2.6 kg / h, the system circulation evolved into a stable two-phase flow. In summary, the main purpose of air-induced instability in the early stages of an accident is to eliminate two-phase instability.

[0035] In one embodiment, the third control valve 9 is a back pressure regulating valve that automatically adjusts the valve opening according to the air pressure in the compressed air tank.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the piping assembly includes an inlet pipe 5, which includes a second horizontal section 501 and a second vertical section 502. One end of the second horizontal section 501 is connected to the heat exchanger 1, and the other end of the second horizontal section 501 is connected to the second vertical section 502. The end of the second vertical section 502 opposite to the second horizontal section 501 is connected to the heat exchange tank 2. The coolant in the heat exchange tank 2 flows into the heat exchanger 1 through the inlet pipe 5.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the height of the second horizontal segment 501 is higher than that of the first horizontal segment 401.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the system also includes a first control valve 8, a second control valve 10, and a third control valve 9. The air supply assembly 6 also includes an air supply line 602. The first control valve 8 is located on the first horizontal section 401, the second control valve 10 is located on the second horizontal section 501, and the third control valve 9 is located on the air supply line 602. The first control valve 8 controls the opening and closing of the first horizontal section 401, the second control valve 10 controls the opening and closing of the second horizontal section 501, and the third control valve 9 controls the opening and closing of the air supply line 602 and regulates the air supply flow rate. The first control valve 8, the second control valve 10, and the third control valve 9 are located outside the containment 3. Specifically, the first control valve 8, the second control valve 10, and the third control valve 9 are all solenoid control valves.

[0039] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a controller, which is connected to the first control valve 8, the second control valve 10 and the third control valve 9 respectively to achieve automated control.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a steam venting assembly 7, which includes a steam venting pipe 701 and a steam venting valve 702. The steam venting pipe 701 is located on the top of the hot water exchange tank 2, and the steam venting valve 702 is installed on the steam venting pipe 701. The steam venting valve 702 controls the opening and closing of the steam venting pipe 701, and the steam venting pipe 701 achieves pressure balance between the hot water exchange tank 2 and the external environment.

[0041] A method for a heat removal system includes the following steps: (1) The heat exchange components are inclined along the inner wall of the containment 3 to enhance the heat exchange capacity and / or increase the heat exchange area; (2) Make the initial water level in the hot water tank 2 at the preset water level. Under the premise of the same water volume, increase the bottom area of ​​the hot water tank 2 as much as possible to reduce the water level in the hot water tank 2. (3) In the initial stage of heat exchange, the first control valve 8 and the second control valve 10 are opened so that the coolant in the heat exchange tank 2 enters the heat exchanger 1 through the liquid inlet pipe 5. The coolant is fully heat exchanged in the heat exchanger 1. The coolant enters the heat exchange tank 2 through the liquid outlet pipe 4. After heat exchange for a period of time, the third control valve 9 and the fourth control valve are opened so that the compressed air in the compressed air tank 601 enters the first horizontal section 401 or the first vertical section 402 to generate air induction phenomenon and improve heat exchange efficiency. (4) During system operation, as the water evaporates, the liquid level in the hot water exchange tank 2 drops, and the liquid level in the extension pipe section 403 is consistent with the liquid level in the hot water exchange tank 2 through the connecting hole 4031, and the liquid level in the extension pipe section 403 drops accordingly.

[0042] The heat removal system provided by the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The heat exchanger 1 is provided with several heat exchange components. The heat exchange components are inclined to increase the heat exchange area. The heat exchanger 1 and the heat exchange tank 2 exchange coolant through the pipeline assembly. In addition, the thickness of the high-concentration air film is the main resistance affecting the steam condensation heat exchange process. With the increase of the tilt angle, the component of gravity along the axial direction of the heat exchange wall also increases. This axial component causes the condensate to accelerate downward, thereby disturbing the air layer, which is beneficial to heat exchange, improving heat exchange efficiency and increasing loop drive; (2) The heat exchanger 1 is arranged close to the inner wall of the containment 3. Because the support is a cantilever structure of unequal length, the shorter cantilever can bear heavier equipment, thereby setting more heat exchange area and reducing the space occupied. It will not affect the layout of other devices. The tilt angle range is 6°-30° through the unequal length support cantilever. The heat exchange capacity is enhanced with the increase of the tilt angle; (3) Through the compressed air tank 601 and The first horizontal section 401 or the first vertical section 402 is connected. By adding air, two-phase flow is promoted, air induction is carried out, two-phase oscillation is eliminated, and heat exchange efficiency is improved; (4) A row of connecting holes 4031 is set to reduce the outlet pressure so that two-phase flow is generated as early as possible. The lower the liquid level, the lower the static pressure in the outlet pipe, and the lower the flash evaporation starting point, thereby improving the driving force of the system loop and improving the heat exchange capacity of the system; (4) A row of connecting holes 4031 is set to keep the liquid level inside and outside the extension pipe section 403 consistent in real time, so as to reduce the outlet pressure and generate two-phase flow as early as possible, thereby improving the driving force of the system loop and improving the heat exchange capacity of the system; (5) After installation, it can be hoisted together with the top cover of the containment 3, which simplifies and facilitates construction.

[0043] As an alternative implementation, the first control valve 8, the second control valve 10, and the third control valve 9 may also be manual valves.

[0044] As an alternative implementation, the height of the second horizontal segment 501 may also be flush with the height of the first horizontal segment 401, or the height of the second horizontal segment 501 may be lower than that of the first horizontal segment 401.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A heat removal system, characterized in that, include: Heat exchanger (1), the heat exchanger (1) is adapted to be installed inside the containment (3), the heat exchanger (1) is provided with a plurality of heat exchange components, coolant flows inside the heat exchanger (1), and the heat exchanger (1) is inclined along the inner wall of the containment (3); A hot water exchange tank (2) is adapted to be located outside the containment vessel (3); Piping assembly, which is connected to the heat exchanger (1) and the hot water tank (2) respectively, and the heat exchanger (1) and the hot water tank (2) exchange coolant through the piping assembly.

2. The heat removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the heat exchanger (1) is lower than that of the hot water tank (2).

3. The heat removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piping assembly includes a liquid outlet pipe (4), which includes a first horizontal section (401), a first vertical section (402), and an extension pipe section (403). One end of the first horizontal section (401) is connected to the heat exchanger (1), and the other end of the first horizontal section (401) is connected to the first vertical section (402). The end of the first vertical section (402) away from the first horizontal section (401) is connected to the extension pipe section (403). The extension pipe section (403) extends into the hot water tank (2), and the extension pipe section (403) is provided with a plurality of connecting holes (4031).

4. The heat removal system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the extension pipe section (403) is higher than the liquid level of the coolant in the hot water tank (2).

5. The heat removal system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes an air replenishment component (6), which includes a compressed air tank (601) connected to the liquid outlet pipeline (4) and contains compressed air.

6. The heat removal system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pipeline assembly includes an inlet pipeline (5), which includes a second horizontal section (501) and a second vertical section (502). One end of the second horizontal section (501) is connected to the heat exchanger (1), and the other end of the second horizontal section (501) is connected to the second vertical section (502). The end of the second vertical section (502) away from the second horizontal section (501) is connected to the hot water tank (2).

7. The heat removal system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a first control valve (8), a second control valve (10) and a third control valve (9). The air replenishment assembly (6) also includes an air replenishment pipeline (602). The first control valve (8) is located on the first horizontal section (401), the second control valve (10) is located on the second horizontal section (501), and the third control valve (9) is located on the air replenishment pipeline (602).

8. The heat removal system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a controller, which is connected to the first control valve (8), the second control valve (10) and the third control valve (9) respectively.

9. The heat removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a steam exhaust assembly (7), which includes a steam exhaust pipe (701) and a steam exhaust valve (702). The steam exhaust pipe (701) is located on the top of the hot water exchange tank (2), and the steam exhaust valve (702) is installed on the steam exhaust pipe (701).

10. A method for using a heat removal system, comprising employing the heat removal system of claim 1, characterized in that, include: The heat exchange components are inclined along the inner wall of the containment (3) to enhance the heat exchange capacity and / or increase the heat exchange area, so that the initial water level in the hot water tank (2) is at the preset water level. The heat exchanger (1) and the hot water tank (2) exchange coolant through the pipeline assembly, and the coolant carries the heat in the heat exchanger (1) to the hot water tank (2).

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