A high power microwave antenna establishment method

Abstract

The application discloses a high-power microwave antenna establishing method, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The method comprises the following steps: determining the total radiation aperture of the antenna according to the size and gain requirement of the microwave antenna of a system, and estimating the aperture and quantity of the required transmitting antenna by considering the beam synthesis efficiency; and selecting a proper rotating table according to the aperture and quantity of the transmitting antenna. Since the antennas are installed on the same rotating table, the consistency between the antennas can be ensured through a tooling, so that all the antennas can be simultaneously aimed at a target or a certain direction by rotating the rotating table, the signal transmitting distances of the antennas to the target are the same, and the effective radiation power in a certain direction can be maximized by only ensuring that the amplitude, phase and time delay of the front-end link of the transmitting antenna are the same. Since the antennas are on the same rotating table, the driving systems of the antennas are the same, and the influence of the time delay between different driving systems is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a method for implementing a high-power microwave antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of reconnaissance and jamming technologies, higher mobility and greater effective radiated power are required for microwave antennas to improve their survivability and jamming capabilities. Since microwave devices have limited power tolerance, the most direct and effective method is to increase the antenna aperture. However, as the aperture increases, the overall size, weight, and cost of the antenna increase exponentially, making design more difficult and requiring longer deployment and retraction times. To improve the mobility of microwave antennas, they are generally mounted on highly mobile carriers, which limits their size and weight. Therefore, lightweight, highly mobile, and high-power microwave antennas have become a major research hotspot in the field of reconnaissance and countermeasures.

[0003] Lightweight, highly mobile, and high-power transmission can be achieved by assembling multiple small-aperture reflector antennas. Multiple regularly arranged or randomly distributed small-aperture reflector antennas are combined into an antenna array. Through cross-correlation operations between antenna signals, and based on the correction of antenna signal time delay, Doppler, and phase difference, signal synthesis is achieved. The equivalent receiving area after arraying is the sum of the receiving areas of all antennas. However, due to factors such as synthesis efficiency and correction errors, the ideal synthesis effect is usually not achieved. Typically, it can achieve 80%-90% of the ideal equivalent aperture area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for implementing a high-power microwave antenna. Multiple small-aperture reflector antennas are mounted on the same turntable, with tooling ensuring consistency between the antennas. Since all antennas are mounted on the same turntable, rotating the turntable allows all antennas to be simultaneously aligned with a target or a specific direction. The transmitted signals from each antenna travel the same distance to the target. By weighting the amplitude, phase, and time delay of the front-end links of the transmitting antennas to ensure they are identical, the effective radiated power in a given direction can be maximized. Furthermore, because all antennas are on the same turntable, their driving systems are identical, eliminating the influence of time delays between different driving systems. This invention is applicable to microwave antennas requiring lightweight design, high mobility, and high power.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for establishing a high-power microwave antenna includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the system's requirements for the size and gain of the microwave antenna, determine the total radiating aperture of the antenna. Considering beamforming efficiency, estimate the required aperture and number of transmitting antennas. Step 2: Determine the type and size of the turntable based on the aperture and number of reflector antennas and the system application requirements; Step 3: Select a suitable turntable based on the aperture and number of transmitting antennas; Step 4: Based on the model, design the tooling to ensure the consistency of each antenna; Step 5: Calibrate the amplitude, phase and time delay of the front-end link of the transmitter feed to maximize the effective radiation power in a specific direction.

[0006] Furthermore, the reflector antenna in step 1 can be a single reflector antenna or a multi-reflector antenna, and the reflector antenna can be positively fed or offset fed.

[0007] Furthermore, the type of turntable in step 3 includes a six-bar swing table or a three-axis swing table.

[0008] Furthermore, in step 4, the tooling design must ensure the consistency of each antenna at various angles as it rotates with the turntable, including the height of each antenna, the balance of each antenna reflector, and the pointing of each antenna.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Traditional high-power microwave antennas mostly employ large-aperture reflectors to achieve high-power transmission, which is not only difficult to design, costly, heavy, and bulky, but also has long deployment and retraction times and poor mobility. The microwave antenna of this invention has a smaller aperture and volume, so it does not require deployment or retraction, and has the characteristics of being lightweight, highly mobile, and high-power.

[0010] Traditional arrays of multiple reflector antennas require precise measurement of the relative positions of each antenna to determine the path difference between the signals transmitted by each antenna and the target. Using this invention, the signals transmitted by each antenna travel the same path to the target.

[0011] In traditional arrays of multiple reflector antennas, each antenna has its own driving system, requiring a synchronization problem between these systems. Using this invention, multiple antennas are mounted on the same turntable and use the same driving system, eliminating the synchronization issue between them. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a feedforward parabolic antenna to which this invention applies; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Gregorian antenna to which this invention applies; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the Cassegrain antenna to which this invention applies; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an offset parabolic antenna to which this invention applies; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a microwave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a microwave antenna turntable according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram, 1 is the feed source, 2 is the main reflector, 3 is the secondary reflector, and 4 is the turntable. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. However, the embodiments described herein are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Reference Figures 1 to 4 A method for implementing a high-power microwave antenna, characterized by the following steps: Step 1: Based on the system's requirements for the size and gain of the microwave antenna, determine the total radiating aperture of the antenna. Considering beamforming efficiency, estimate the required aperture and number of transmitting antennas. Step 2: Determine the type and size of the turntable based on the aperture and number of reflector antennas and the system application requirements; Step 3: Select a suitable turntable based on the aperture and number of transmitting antennas; Step 4: Based on the model, design the tooling to ensure the consistency of each antenna; Step 5: Calibrate the amplitude, phase and time delay of the front-end link of the transmitter feed to achieve maximum effective radiation power in a certain direction.

[0015] In step 1, the reflector antenna can be a single reflector antenna or a multi-reflector antenna, and the reflector antenna can be positively fed or offset fed.

[0016] The turntable types mentioned in step 3 include six-bar swing tables, three-axis swing tables, and other turntables that can be installed on mobile carriers and have the characteristics of being lightweight and miniaturized.

[0017] In step 4, the tooling design must ensure the consistency of each antenna at various angles as it rotates with the turntable, including the height of each antenna, the balance of each antenna reflector, and the pointing of each antenna.

[0018] A schematic diagram of a microwave antenna is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the reflector is a 1.8-meter conditioned Cassegrain antenna, and the turntable is a six-degree-of-freedom swing table operating in the Ku band. A schematic diagram of the six-degree-of-freedom swing table is shown below. Figure 6As shown, it adopts a standard Stewart structure, with six symmetrical electric actuators supporting and driving the platform and load. The six drive chains are powered by high-dynamic precision servo motors, which convert the torque into linear thrust via the electric actuators. The swing angle in each direction can reach ±30°, the positioning accuracy can reach 0.1°, and the load capacity can reach 3 tons. It can be installed on a mobile platform to achieve the attitude positioning movement of the antenna. The main components of this mechanism are as follows: 1) The hinge connecting the moving platform and the electric cylinder adopts a two-degree-of-freedom Hooke hinge.

[0019] 2) The hinge connecting the stationary platform and the electric cylinder also adopts the form of a two-degree-of-freedom Hooke hinge.

[0020] 3) A static platform fixed to the ground.

[0021] 4) A dynamic platform for connecting equipment loads.

[0022] 5) The six high-thrust, high-speed electric cylinders are the core drive actuators of the entire platform. They adopt a two-force bar form with hinges at both ends to control the displacement and speed of the output push rod, driving the platform to synthesize three degrees of freedom of translation and three degrees of freedom of rotation.

[0023] 6) The six servo motors are the core control components of the system, outputting driving torque and rotation.

Claims

1. A method for establishing a high-power microwave antenna, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the system's requirements for the size and gain of the microwave antenna, determine the total radiating aperture of the antenna. Considering beamforming efficiency, estimate the required aperture and number of transmitting antennas. Step 2: Determine the type and size of the turntable based on the aperture and number of reflector antennas and the system application requirements; Step 3: Select a suitable turntable based on the aperture and number of transmitting antennas; Step 4: Based on the model, design the tooling to ensure the consistency of each antenna; Step 5: Calibrate the amplitude, phase and time delay of the front-end link of the transmitter feed to maximize the effective radiation power in a specific direction.

2. The method for establishing a high-power microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflector antenna in step 1 can be a single reflector antenna or a multi-reflector antenna, and the reflector antenna can be positively fed or offset fed.

3. The method for establishing a high-power microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The types of turntables in step 3 include six-bar swing tables or three-axis swing tables.

4. The method for establishing a high-power microwave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, the tooling design must ensure the consistency of each antenna at various angles as it rotates with the turntable, including the height of each antenna, the balance of each antenna reflector, and the pointing of each antenna.

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