A method for preparing a hard composite coating on a surface of a glass fiber production line contact member and for resisting wear

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of new materials and surface engineering technology, specifically a method for preparing a hard composite material coating for the surface of contact parts in a glass fiber production line and its wear-resistant properties. The method includes cleaning and roughening pretreatment of the metal substrate contact surface. The transition bonding layer is made of a nickel-based or iron-based self-fluxing alloy and forms a metallurgical bond with the substrate. The hard wear-resistant composite coating is composed of a high-entropy alloy metal phase and a hard ceramic reinforcing phase, achieving a metallurgical bond and preventing coating cracking and peeling. The gradient structure balances toughness and wear resistance. The lubrication layer further reduces friction loss, improves the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the contact parts, extends their service life, reduces yarn scratches, and balances the service life of the contact parts with the quality of the glass fiber products. It leverages the wear resistance advantages of the coating, extends the service life of the contact parts, and is adaptable to various glass fiber production lines without requiring additional specialized equipment, making it highly industrially applicable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new materials and surface engineering technology, specifically to a method for preparing a hard composite coating on the surface of components (such as yarn guide tubes, yarn feeders, tension bars, bundle wheels, yarn guide eyes, shuttles, etc.) that are in direct high-speed frictional contact with glass fiber bundles in various processes such as yarn guiding, bundling, and traction on high-speed glass fiber production lines, and its wear-resistant application. Background Technology

[0002] During the continuous drawing and post-processing of glass fiber, various contact components must withstand the high-speed and continuous friction of the glass fiber bundles for extended periods. Currently, the industry commonly uses traditional materials such as engineering plastics, rubber, or certain soft alloys to manufacture or prepare coatings for these contact components. While this conventional approach of "using soft materials against hard ones" was initially accepted due to the ease of processing and low cost of the materials, in actual use, soft materials are extremely prone to wear under high-speed friction, generating a large amount of dust and abrasive debris. This dust not only pollutes the working environment but also adheres to the surface of the glass fiber, affecting the cleanliness and tensile stability of the fiber, leading to damage to product quality.

[0003] Traditional materials or ordinary coatings have poor wear resistance, and contact parts need to be replaced frequently due to downtime (for example, the service life of stainless steel yarn guide tubes is less than 30 days). Although the purchase cost per unit is low, the production interruption, capacity loss, maintenance labor costs and spare parts inventory management costs caused by replacement increase sharply, resulting in low overall economic benefits. In addition, some wear-resistant coatings prepared by ordinary thermal spraying and other processes are mainly mechanically bonded to the metal substrate, and the bonding strength is limited. Under the combined working conditions of long-term friction and impact, thermal cycling and vibration generated by high-speed movement, the coating is prone to peeling, cracking or even complete detachment, resulting in early failure of the protective effect and aggravating the wear of the substrate.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies require a surface treatment solution that can fundamentally improve the wear resistance of contact parts in glass fiber production lines, extend their service life, and ensure the stable quality of glass fiber products. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies and the problems of short service life, frequent replacement, and impact on product quality and production efficiency caused by poor wear resistance of contact parts in glass fiber production lines, this paper provides a surface hard composite material coating based on metallurgical bonding and gradient structure design, which can significantly improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of contact parts and extend their service life, along with its preparation method and matching anti-wear application method.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The prepared coated yarn guide tube meets the following requirements: service life of ≥100 days for single fixed position, cumulative overall service life of ≥500 days, and yarn fuzzing and breakage rate of ≤0.4%.

[0008] Furthermore, the installation angle adjustment range of different types of contact parts is adapted to the operation requirements of the corresponding workstation. Specifically, the installation angle of the yarn guide tube and yarn guide eye is adjusted to 15°-30° with the yarn transmission direction, the installation angle of the yarn guide is adjusted to 5°-10° with the yarn laying direction, the installation angle of the bundling wheel is consistent with the yarn bundling direction with a deviation of no more than ±2°, and the installation angle of the shuttle is adjusted to 45°-60° with the yarn transmission reversal direction.

[0009] Furthermore, after adjusting the installation angle of the contact element, maintain the contact pressure between the yarn and the coating surface of the contact element at 0.1-0.5MPa, and control the working environment temperature at 25-120℃. At the same time, regularly check the installation angle deviation of the contact element and the wear of the coating.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0011] This invention achieves a reliable metallurgical bond between the coating and the substrate through a bonding layer, resulting in high bonding strength. This reduces the risk of cracking and peeling of the coating under complex working conditions. Furthermore, the prepared coating has low porosity, high hardness, and certain wear and corrosion resistance properties.

[0012] Compared to traditional stainless steel yarn guide tubes and ordinary thermal spray coatings, the yarn guide tubes using the coating of this invention can have a single service life of more than 100 days and a cumulative service life of more than 500 days, reducing the frequency of replacement and downtime.

[0013] The coating of this invention has a high surface smoothness, and the friction can be further reduced through the self-lubricating layer, which reduces the fuzzing and filament breakage caused by the friction between the yarn and the contact parts. The yarn breakage rate can be controlled below 0.4%, which improves the quality stability of glass fiber products.

[0014] This invention provides a complete technical solution from coating preparation to optimized use on the production line. By setting the optimal installation angle for different types of contact components (yarn guide tubes, yarn feeders, bundling wheels, etc.), and coordinating with appropriate contact pressure and ambient temperature control, the wear resistance potential of the coating can be fully utilized, and its service life can be further improved compared with the method of using coating alone.

[0015] The solution provided by this invention covers the main vulnerable contact parts on the glass fiber production line, and only requires existing surface treatment and laser / plasma cladding equipment. It does not require the addition of expensive or special production line equipment, making it easy to promote and implement on the basis of existing production lines and highly applicable to industrialization. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Specific implementation examples are given below.

[0018] This invention provides a method for preparing a hard composite material coating on the surface of contact parts in a glass fiber production line and its wear-resistant properties. The core components include two main steps: coating preparation and wear-resistant application. The coating preparation involves sequentially pretreating the metal substrate, preparing a transition bonding layer, and cladding the hard, wear-resistant composite coating, with a self-lubricating layer added as needed. The wear-resistant application focuses on the station assembly, angle adjustment, operating condition control, and periodic inspection of the coated contact parts, including the following steps:

[0019] S1: Clean and roughen the surface of the metal substrate contact parts to remove surface oil and impurities and form a rough surface to improve the adhesion of the coating.

[0020] S2: A transition bonding layer is prepared on the pretreated substrate surface to form a metallurgical bond between the transition bonding layer and the metal substrate, providing a strong bonding substrate for subsequent hard coatings; wherein, the basic composition formula of the nickel-based self-fluxing alloy is:

[0021] S3: Using laser cladding or plasma cladding processes, a hard wear-resistant composite coating composed of a high-entropy alloy metal phase and a hard ceramic reinforcing phase is prepared on the surface of the transition bonding layer. The coating is designed with a gradient functional structure, in which the content and / or particle size of the hard ceramic reinforcing phase increases in a gradient from the transition bonding layer to the surface.

[0022] The basic composition formula of nickel-based self-fluxing alloys is: Ni 60-70 Cr 15-20 B 3-5 Si 4-6 C 0.8-1.2 (Mo / W / Nb) 0-5 ;

[0023] The basic compositional formula for iron-based self-fluxing alloys is:

[0024] Fe 65-75 Cr 10-15 B 2-4 Si 3-5 C 0.5-0.9 (Mo / W / Nb) 0-3 ;

[0025] The high-entropy alloy metallic phase contains five elements: Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, and Al, while the hard ceramic reinforcing phase consists of one or more particles selected from WC, Cr3C2, TiN, and Si3N4.

[0026] In step S3, the hard wear-resistant composite coating has a gradient functional structure, and the content and / or particle size of the hard ceramic reinforcing phase increases in a gradient from the transition bonding layer to the surface.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] This embodiment is a basic embodiment. The contact element is a yarn guide tube. A hard, wear-resistant composite coating is prepared using a laser cladding process. There is no self-lubricating functional layer. The specific steps are as follows:

[0029] S1: The surface of the metal substrate contact parts is cleaned and roughened before pretreatment; the metal substrate is a No. 45 steel guide tube, which is ultrasonically cleaned with anhydrous ethanol at a power of 250W for 18 minutes. After cleaning, it is dried with hot air at a temperature of 90℃ for 6 minutes. Then, it is roughened by corundum sand blasting with a particle size of 100 mesh, a blasting pressure of 0.4MPa, a blasting distance of 180mm, and a blasting angle of 50°. After roughening, Ra=2.2μm.

[0030] S2: A transition bonding layer is prepared on the surface of the pretreated substrate. The transition bonding layer is made of a nickel-based or iron-based self-fluxing alloy and forms a metallurgical bond with the substrate. The sprayed powder is Ni. 60 A nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder, with a particle size of 75μm, a spraying voltage of 35V, a spraying current of 180A, a spraying distance of 100mm, and a spraying speed of 6mm / s; an induction remelting temperature of 1100℃, a remelting time of 2.5min, and a cooling to room temperature, resulting in a transition bonding layer thickness of 0.12mm and a metallurgical bonding rate of 98.5%.

[0031] S3: Employs laser cladding technology with a laser power of 2000W, scanning speed of 4mm / s, spot diameter of 3mm, powder feeding speed of 12g / min, cladding temperature of 1300℃, and cooling to room temperature; the high-entropy alloy metallic phase contains Ni, Co, and Fe elements, and the hard ceramic reinforcing phase consists of WC micron-sized particles (300nm in diameter) with a gradient structure design. The WC content is 15% on one side of the transition bonding layer and 45% on the surface side, with the WC particle size gradually increasing from 80nm to 600nm; the coating thickness is 0.25mm.

[0032] Abrasion-resistant applications:

[0033] Step 1: Coating inspection and screening. The coating performance of the prepared yarn guide tube is tested to ensure that the coating is free of defects such as cracks and peeling. The surface roughness of the coating is Ra=0.8μm and the microhardness is HV=980. All performance indicators meet the standards.

[0034] Step 2: Workstation assembly. The qualified coated yarn guide tubes are assembled into the yarn guiding workstation of the glass fiber production line and fixed with special clamps to ensure that the yarn guide tubes are assembled without loosening or displacement.

[0035] Step 3: Installation angle adjustment: Adjust the installation angle of the yarn guide tube so that the angle between the yarn guide tube and the yarn transmission direction is 22°, and set the yarn transmission speed to 1.2m / s and the yarn tension to 10N.

[0036] Step 4: Operating condition control and regular inspection. Maintain the contact pressure between the yarn and the coating surface of the guide tube at 0.3 MPa, control the working environment temperature at 60℃, and inspect the installation angle deviation and coating wear of the guide tube every 8 days. If the angle deviation or coating wear exceeds the standard, adjust and handle it in time.

[0037] Performance test results:

[0038] Porosity 0.7%, bonding strength 110MPa, service life of 120 days for single fixed position, cumulative overall service life of 550 days, yarn fuzzing and breakage rate 0.3%.

[0039] Taking the yarn guide tube as the object, laser cladding + gradient WC coating is adopted, without self-lubricating layer, to achieve basic wear resistance requirements. In the performance test results of this embodiment, the requirements of porosity ≤1%, bonding strength with substrate ≥100MPa, service life of single fixed position ≥100 days, and cumulative overall service life ≥500 days are met. Thus, it can be concluded that all performance indicators in Example 1 meet the requirements of the claims, verifying the feasibility of the coating preparation and wear resistance method of the present invention, and providing a benchmark for subsequent embodiments.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: a hard wear-resistant composite coating is prepared using a plasma cladding process, and the contact component is a ribbon cable. The specific steps are as follows:

[0042] Coating preparation:

[0043] S1: The metal substrate is a No. 45 steel wire guide, the ultrasonic power is 220W, the ultrasonic time is 16min, the drying temperature is 85℃, and the drying time is 5.5min; the sandblasting particle size is 90 mesh, the sandblasting pressure is 0.35MPa, the sandblasting distance is 160mm, the sandblasting angle is 48°, and the roughened Ra=1.8μm.

[0044] S2: The transition bonding layer uses Fe30 iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder with a particle size of 60μm, a spraying voltage of 32V, a spraying current of 160A, a spraying distance of 90mm, and a spraying speed of 5.5mm / s; the remelting temperature is 1080℃, the remelting time is 2.2min, the thickness of the transition bonding layer is 0.11mm, and the metallurgical bonding rate is 98.2%.

[0045] S3: The hard wear-resistant composite coating adopts a plasma cladding process with a plasma arc voltage of 30V, a current of 120A, a cladding speed of 5mm / s, a powder feeding speed of 10g / min, and a cladding temperature of 1200℃. The high-entropy alloy metal phase contains three elements: Cr, Al, and Fe. The hard ceramic reinforcing phase is Cr3C2 nanoparticles (particle size 100nm) with a gradient structure. The Cr3C2 content is 12% on one side of the transition layer and 42% on the surface side, with the particle size increasing from 60nm to 550nm. The coating thickness is 0.22mm.

[0046] Abrasion-resistant applications:

[0047] Step 1: Coating inspection and screening: The coating of the cable tray was found to be defect-free, with a surface roughness Ra=0.7μm and a microhardness HV=950, meeting the performance standards;

[0048] Step 2: Workstation Assembly: Assemble the qualified coated yarn guide at the yarn guide station and fix it with special clamps to ensure a firm assembly;

[0049] Step 3: Installation angle adjustment: Adjust the installation angle of the yarn guide so that the angle between it and the yarn guide direction is 7°, set the yarn transmission speed to 0.8m / s, and the yarn tension to 8N;

[0050] Step 4: Operating condition control and periodic inspection: Maintain contact pressure of 0.2MPa, operating temperature of 50℃, and conduct angle and coating wear inspections every 7 days.

[0051] Performance test results:

[0052] Porosity 0.6%, bonding strength 108MPa, service life of 110 days for single fixed position, cumulative overall service life of 520 days, yarn fuzzing and breakage rate 0.2%.

[0053] The process employs plasma cladding and a Cr3C2 nano-coating, making it suitable for wire guides. This process is more compatible with small contact parts, resulting in better wear uniformity and reducing yarn breakage rate to 0.2%. It also meets the requirements of porosity ≤1%, bonding strength with the substrate ≥100MPa, single fixed position service life ≥100 days, and cumulative overall service life ≥500 days. Therefore, all performance indicators in Example 2 meet the requirements of the claims and are suitable for the low friction requirements of the wire guide station.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a self-lubricating functional layer is added, the hard ceramic reinforcing phase is a WC+TiN composite phase, and the contact element is a yarn guide eye. The specific steps are as follows:

[0056] Coating preparation:

[0057] S1-S3: Same as Example 1, except that the hard ceramic reinforcing phase is WC (60%) + TiN (40%) composite nanoparticles with a gradient structure, the total content on the transition layer side is 18%, and on the surface side is 48%, and the particle size increases from 70nm to 650nm; the coating thickness is 0.28mm.

[0058] S4: Prepare a self-lubricating functional layer. The powder to be sprayed is graphite powder with a particle size of 30μm. The spraying voltage is 30V, the spraying current is 90A, the spraying distance is 120mm, the spraying thickness is 0.03mm, and the coating is cooled to room temperature with a friction coefficient of 0.12.

[0059] Abrasion-resistant applications:

[0060] Step 1: Coating inspection and screening: The coating of the yarn guide eye was found to be defect-free, with a surface roughness Ra=0.6μm and a microhardness HV=1020, meeting the performance standards;

[0061] Step 2: Workstation Assembly: Assemble the qualified coated yarn guide eyelets at the yarn guiding workstation to ensure assembly accuracy;

[0062] Step 3: Installation angle adjustment: Adjust the installation angle of the yarn guide eye to 25° with the yarn transmission direction, set the yarn transmission speed to 1.5m / s, and the yarn tension to 12N;

[0063] Step 4: Operating condition control and periodic inspection: Maintain contact pressure of 0.4MPa and working environment temperature of 70℃, and conduct angle and coating wear inspections every 9 days.

[0064] Performance test results:

[0065] Porosity 0.5%, bonding strength 115MPa, service life of 135 days for single fixed position, cumulative overall service life of 580 days, yarn fuzzing and breakage rate 0.1%.

[0066] By adding a graphite self-lubricating functional layer and using a WC+TiN composite ceramic phase to match the yarn guide eye, the friction coefficient is reduced to 0.12, further reducing friction loss and increasing the single service life to 135 days. The yarn breakage rate is only 0.1%. Thus, it can be concluded that all performance indicators in Example 3 meet the requirements of the claims, and the overall performance is better.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] This embodiment is an optimized embodiment, which comprehensively utilizes laser cladding, composite ceramic phase, and self-lubricating layer. The contact component is a yarn guide tube. The specific steps are as follows:

[0069] Coating preparation:

[0070] S1: Ultrasonic power 280W, ultrasonic time 19min, drying temperature 95℃, drying time 7min; sandblasting particle size 110 mesh, sandblasting pressure 0.45MPa, sandblasting distance 190mm, sandblasting angle 55°, roughened Ra=2.5μm.

[0071] S2: The transition bonding layer is Ni60A nickel-based alloy powder with a particle size of 80μm, a spraying voltage of 38V, a spraying current of 190A, a spraying distance of 110mm, and a spraying speed of 7mm / s; the remelting temperature is 1120℃, the remelting time is 2.8min, the thickness of the transition bonding layer is 0.14mm, and the metallurgical bonding rate is 99.0%.

[0072] S3: Laser cladding process, power 2400W, scanning speed 4.5mm / s, spot diameter 3.5mm, powder feeding speed 14g / min, cladding temperature 1380℃; the high-entropy alloy metallic phase contains five elements: Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, and Al, and the hard ceramic reinforcing phase is WC+TiN+Si3N4 composite particles (mass ratio 5:3:2), with a gradient structure, 20% content on the transition layer side and 50% on the surface side, and the particle size increases from 100nm to 700nm; coating thickness 0.32mm.

[0073] S4: The self-lubricating functional layer is made of molybdenum disulfide powder with a particle size of 25μm, a spraying voltage of 28V, a spraying current of 85A, a spraying distance of 110mm, a spraying thickness of 0.03mm, and a friction coefficient of 0.11.

[0074] Abrasion-resistant applications:

[0075] Step 1: Coating inspection and screening: The coating of the yarn guide tube was found to be defect-free, with a surface roughness Ra=0.5μm and a microhardness HV=1050, meeting the performance standards;

[0076] Step 2: Assemble the qualified coated yarn guide tubes at the yarn guiding station and fix them with special clamps;

[0077] Step 3: Adjust the angle between the yarn guide tube and the yarn transmission direction to 28°, set the yarn transmission speed to 1.6m / s, and the yarn tension to 13N;

[0078] Step 4: Operating Condition Control and Periodic Inspection: Maintain a contact pressure of 0.3 MPa and an ambient temperature of 68°C. Perform angle and coating wear inspections every 8 days.

[0079] Porosity 0.4%, bonding strength 120MPa, single fixed position service life 140 days, cumulative overall service life 600 days, yarn fuzzing and breakage rate 0.1%.

[0080] By comprehensively employing a five-element high-entropy alloy, three composite ceramic phases, and a molybdenum disulfide self-lubricating layer, and adapting it to the yarn guide tube, the invention achieves optimal performance in all aspects (bonding strength of 120MPa, porosity of 0.4%, and single-use service life of 140 days), fully verifying the optimizability of the technical solution of this invention and meeting the high requirements of high-end glass fiber production.

[0081] Comparative test

[0082] To verify the technical effect of the present invention, comparison group 1 and comparison group 2 were set up to compare the performance with the yarn guide tube of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0083] Comparison Group 1:

[0084] Coating preparation: The preparation step of the S2 transition bonding layer is omitted. A hard wear-resistant composite coating is directly prepared on the substrate surface after the S1 pretreatment. The remaining parameters are completely consistent with those in Example 1.

[0085] Wear-resistant method: completely consistent with Example 1.

[0086] Comparison Group 2:

[0087] Coating preparation: The hard wear-resistant composite coating prepared by S3 has no gradient structure and uses ordinary stainless steel coating (replacing high entropy alloy + ceramic reinforcement phase composite coating), and the other parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0088] Wear-resistant method: completely consistent with Example 1.

[0089] The yarn guide tubes of Example 1, Comparative Group 1 and Comparative Group 2 were prepared with hard wear-resistant composite coatings on the substrate surface for performance testing. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0090] Table 1 Performance Comparison Test Results

[0091] project Example 1 Comparison Group 1 Comparison Group 2 Microhardness (HV) 980 - 580 Bond strength (MPa) 110 65 85 Porosity 0.7% 1.8% 1.5% Service life (days) at a single fixed position 120 25 35 Total service life (days) 550 80 120 yarn fuzzing and breakage rate 0.3% 2.5% 1.8%

[0092] The test results in Table 1 show that:

[0093] Compared to Group 1, the lack of a nickel-based / iron-based self-fluxing alloy transition bonding layer resulted in a significant reduction in the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate, reaching only 65 MPa. The increased porosity of the coating led to extremely poor wear resistance of the yarn guide tube, with a single service life of only 25 days and an overall service life of only 80 days. The yarn fuzzing and breakage rate reached as high as 2.5%, which could not meet the basic usage requirements of the glass fiber production line.

[0094] Compared to the present invention, Group 2 did not adopt a gradient structure design and replaced the high-entropy alloy + hard ceramic composite coating of the present invention with a common stainless steel coating. The microhardness and bonding strength of the coating did not meet the technical requirements of the present invention, and the porosity exceeded the standard. Its yarn guide tube had a single service life of only 35 days and a cumulative service life of 120 days. The yarn fuzzing and breakage rate was 1.8%, and the wear resistance and product quality assurance effect were far lower than those of the present invention.

[0095] The yarn guide tube of Embodiment 1 of the present invention has low coating porosity, high bonding strength with the substrate, excellent microhardness, and low surface roughness. Its single service life is 120 days, and its overall service life is 550 days. The yarn fuzzing and breakage rate is 0.3%. It not only significantly extends the single and cumulative service life of the yarn guide tube, but also effectively controls the yarn fuzzing and breakage rate. Its comprehensive performance is significantly better than that of Comparative Group 1 and Comparative Group 2, which fully verifies the feasibility and superiority of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0096] In summary, the method for preparing a hard composite material coating on the surface of glass fiber production line contact parts of the present invention, through the layered design of a transition bonding layer and a gradient structure hard wear-resistant composite coating, combined with laser / plasma cladding process, effectively improves the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate and the wear resistance of the coating itself. The supporting wear-resistant method, through precise station assembly, angle adjustment and working condition control, fully leverages the wear-resistant advantages of the coating. The synergistic effect of the two can solve the technical defects of poor wear resistance, short service life and impact on product quality of existing glass fiber production line contact parts, and requires no additional special production equipment. It has strong industrial applicability and has significant value for promotion and application.

[0097] The hard composite material coating on the surface of the glass fiber production line contact parts of the present invention is suitable for the production of products such as yarn guide tubes, yarn feeders, bundle rollers, yarn guide eyes, and shuttles.

[0098] Meanwhile, the wear-resistant methods and coating preparation methods for the contact parts of the glass fiber production line work synergistically. Through the entire process of screening, assembly, adjustment, and maintenance, the wear-resistant advantages of the coating are fully utilized. Compared with contact parts that only use coatings, the service life can be increased by 30%-50%, maximizing the service life of the contact parts. Furthermore, precise installation angles, contact pressures, and other parameters are defined for different types of contact parts. The process is standardized and can be adapted to various glass fiber production lines without the need for additional special equipment. It has strong industrial applicability and reduces the frequency of contact part replacement, thereby reducing maintenance costs and downtime. It also optimizes the contact state, reduces yarn fuzzing and breakage, avoids product quality defects, and achieves a triple improvement in production costs, production efficiency, and product quality.

[0099] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a hard composite material coating on the surface of a contact component in a glass fiber production line, comprising the following steps: S1: Cleaning and roughening pretreatment of the surface of the metal substrate contact parts; S2: A transition bonding layer is prepared on the surface of the pretreated substrate. The transition bonding layer is made of a nickel-based or iron-based self-fluxing alloy and forms a metallurgical bond with the substrate. S3: On the transition bonding layer, a hard wear-resistant composite coating is prepared by laser cladding or plasma cladding process. The hard wear-resistant composite coating is composed of a high-entropy alloy metal phase and a hard ceramic reinforcing phase.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic composition of the nickel-based self-fluxing alloy is Ni. 60-70 Cr 15-20 B 3-5 Si 4-6 C 0.8-1.2 (Mo / W / Nb) 0-5 The basic composition of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy is Fe. 65- 75 Cr 10-15 B 2-4 Si 3-5 C 0.5-0.9 (Mo / W / Nb) 0-3 The high-entropy alloy metal phase contains at least three or more of the five elements Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, and Al; the hard ceramic reinforcing phase is one or more nano or micron particles of WC, Cr3C2, TiN, and Si3N4.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the hard wear-resistant composite coating has a gradient functional structure, and the content and / or particle size of the hard ceramic reinforcing phase increases in a gradient from the transition bonding layer to the surface.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hard wear-resistant composite coating meets the following performance indicators: coating thickness ≥ 0.2 mm, porosity ≤ 1%, microhardness ≥ 900 HV, coating surface roughness Ra ≤ 1.0 μm, and bonding strength with the substrate ≥ 100 MPa.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact components include, but are not limited to, yarn guide tubes, yarn feeders, bundle rollers, yarn guide eyes, and shuttles.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Following step S3, a self-lubricating functional layer is prepared on the surface of the hard wear-resistant composite coating, the self-lubricating functional layer comprising graphite and / or molybdenum disulfide.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the contact element is a yarn guide tube, the prepared coated yarn guide tube meets the following requirements: service life of a single fixed position ≥ 100 days, cumulative overall service life ≥ 500 days, and yarn fuzzing and breakage rate ≤ 0.4%.

8. A method for wear resistance of contact parts in a glass fiber production line. Includes the following steps: Includes the following steps: T1: Select a coated glass fiber production line contact component prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the surface of the contact component is sequentially provided with a transition bonding layer and a hard wear-resistant composite coating, and optionally a self-lubricating functional layer; T2: Adapt and assemble the contact element into the glass fiber production line, and assemble it into different functional stations of the production line according to the type of the contact element. T3: Adjust the installation angle of the corresponding contact according to the transmission parameters of the yarn at each station so that the glass fiber yarn and the coating surface of the contact are in contact at a preset angle.

9. The wear-resistant method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The correspondence between the contact type and the workstation is as follows: the yarn guide tube and yarn guide eye are assembled at the yarn guiding workstation, the yarn guide is assembled at the yarn laying workstation, the bundling wheel is assembled at the yarn bundling workstation, and the shuttle is assembled at the yarn transmission reversing workstation; the adjustment range of the installation angle is as follows: the angle between the installation angle of the yarn guide tube and yarn guide eye and the yarn transmission direction is 15°-30°, the angle between the installation angle of the yarn guide and the yarn laying direction is 5°-10°, the installation angle of the bundling wheel is consistent with the yarn bundling direction and the deviation does not exceed ±2°, and the angle between the installation angle of the shuttle and the yarn transmission reversing direction is 45°-60°.

10. The wear-resistant method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: After adjusting the installation angle of the contact, maintain the contact pressure between the yarn and the coating surface of the contact within the range of 0.1-0.5MPa, control the working environment temperature at 25-120℃, and regularly check the installation angle deviation of the contact and the wear of the coating.