Optical film and electronic device including the same

Abstract

An optical film and an electronic device including the optical film are disclosed. The optical film includes: a substrate portion; and a plurality of protrusions disposed on a surface of the substrate portion. Each of the plurality of protrusions includes: a first portion extending in a first direction parallel to the thickness direction of the substrate portion; and a second portion connected to the first portion and extending relative to the first direction at a first angle of inclination, wherein the first angle of inclination is an acute angle.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0197216, filed on December 26, 2024, and all benefits derived therefrom, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to optical films and electronic devices including such optical films. More specifically, this disclosure relates to optical films including a substrate portion and a raised portion, and electronic devices including such optical films. Background Technology

[0003] Various types of electronic devices are widely used to provide image information in various fields, and recently, electronic devices including edge display modules, curved display modules or foldable display modules are being developed.

[0004] Depending on the viewing angle of the electronic device, including the display module, the brightness level may vary across its display surface, leading to a degradation in display quality. Accordingly, research is underway to add optical films with various functions to the top of the display module to reduce the degradation of display quality based on viewing angle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides an optical film for improving the viewing angle characteristics of electronic devices.

[0006] This disclosure provides an electronic device having improved brightness non-uniformity, reduced chromatic aberration, and improved viewing angle characteristics by using protrusions included in an optical film.

[0007] Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical film comprising: a substrate portion; and a plurality of protrusions disposed on a surface of the substrate portion. In such an embodiment, each of the plurality of protrusions includes: a first portion extending in a first direction parallel to the thickness direction of the substrate portion; and a second portion connected to the first portion and extending relative to the first direction at a first angle of inclination, wherein the first angle of inclination is an acute angle.

[0008] In an embodiment, each of the first and second portions may have a strip shape extending in one direction on a plane parallel to a surface of the base portion.

[0009] In an embodiment, the optical film may further include: a filling portion that fills the space between the protrusions.

[0010] In an embodiment, each of the plurality of protrusions may include an outer portion and a core portion surrounded by the outer portion, and the core portion may be filled with air.

[0011] In an embodiment, the optical film may further include: a cover layer disposed on at least one side selected from the upper and lower sides of the substrate portion, the protrusions may have a first refractive index, and the cover layer may have a second refractive index different from the first refractive index.

[0012] In an embodiment, the difference between the first refractive index and the second refractive index may be greater than or equal to about 0.1 and less than or equal to about 2.

[0013] Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical film comprising: a substrate portion having a thickness in a first direction; and a patterned portion comprising a plurality of raised portions disposed on a surface of the substrate portion and spaced apart from each other in a second direction different from the first direction. In such an embodiment, each of the plurality of raised portions comprises: a first portion having a trapezoidal shape in cross-section and extending in the first direction; and a second portion having a rectangular shape in cross-section, connected to the first portion, and extending with respect to the first direction at a first angle of inclination. In such an embodiment, the first angle of inclination is an acute angle.

[0014] In an embodiment, when viewed in cross-section, the length of the lower surface of the first portion in the second direction may be less than the length of the side surface of the first portion.

[0015] In an embodiment, when viewed in cross-section, the length of the lower surface of the second portion connected to the first portion may be less than the length of the side surface of the second portion.

[0016] In an embodiment, when viewed in cross-section, the ratio of the length of the side surface of the first portion to the length of the side surface of the second portion is in the range of approximately 1:1 to approximately 10:1.

[0017] In an embodiment, when viewed in cross-section, the sum of the lengths of the side surfaces of the first portion and the second portion can be greater than or equal to about 1 micrometer (μm) and less than or equal to about 50 μm.

[0018] In an embodiment, when viewed in cross-section, the separation distance between the protrusions in the second direction can be greater than or equal to about 0.5 μm and less than or equal to about 5 μm.

[0019] In an embodiment, when viewed in cross-section, the first tilt angle can be in the range of approximately 1° to approximately 60°.

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device comprising: a display module including a main display surface and a sub-display surface providing an image in a direction different from that provided by the main display surface; an optical film disposed on the display module; and a window disposed on the optical film. In such an embodiment, the optical film includes: a substrate portion defining at least one selected from an upper surface and a lower surface of the optical film; and a plurality of protrusions disposed on the substrate portion. In such an embodiment, each of the plurality of protrusions includes: a first portion extending in a first direction parallel to the thickness direction of the substrate portion; and a second portion connected to the first portion and extending relative to the first direction at a first angle of inclination, wherein the first angle of inclination is an acute angle.

[0021] In one embodiment, the optical film may be arranged to correspond to the sub-display surface.

[0022] In one embodiment, a second portion of each of the plurality of protrusions may extend from the first portion in the direction in which the image is provided by the main display surface.

[0023] In one embodiment, the sub-display surface may have a curved surface convex in that direction, providing an image of the sub-display surface in that direction.

[0024] In an embodiment, the substrate portion of the optical film arranged to correspond to the sub-display surface may have a curved shape corresponding to the curvature of the sub-display surface.

[0025] In an embodiment, each of the first and second portions may have a strip shape extending in one direction on a plane parallel to a surface of the base portion.

[0026] In an embodiment, the electronic device further includes at least one selected from a processor, a memory, and a power module.

[0027] According to embodiments of the invention, as described herein, the optical film includes a plurality of protrusions, each having a shape bent at a selected tilt angle to alter the path of light supplied thereto, and thus improving the display quality of electronic devices including the optical film.

[0028] According to embodiments of the present invention, since the electronic device includes an optical film provided with a plurality of protrusions that alter the light path, the brightness non-uniformity between the main display surface and the sub-display surface is improved. Correspondingly, the phenomenon of dark areas appearing at the boundary between the main display surface and the sub-display surface is reduced. Furthermore, the color difference between the main display surface and the sub-display surface is reduced in the electronic device. As a result, the electronic device has improved viewing angle characteristics. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1AThis is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 1B This is a view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 2A This is a perspective view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 2B This is a perspective view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 2C This is a perspective view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 3 This is an exploded perspective view showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 4 It is shown Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown is shown.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a perspective view showing an optical film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a plan view showing an optical film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view showing an optical film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a perspective view showing an optical film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view showing an optical film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view showing an optical film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view showing an optical film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 13 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a portion of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 14It is a graph showing the results of evaluating the viewing characteristics of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and an electronic device according to a comparative example.

[0046] Figure 15 It is a graph showing the results of evaluating the viewing characteristics of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and an electronic device according to a comparative example. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The invention will now be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various embodiments are illustrated. However, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and that they will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0048] It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on that other element, or an intervening element can exist between them. Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there is no intervening element.

[0049] In this disclosure, it will be understood that when an element (or region, layer, or portion) is referred to as being “connected to” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly connected to or coupled to another element or layer, or an intervening element or layer may exist therein.

[0050] The same reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout the drawings. In order to effectively depict the technical content, the thickness, scale, and dimensions of the parts are exaggerated in the drawings.

[0051] It will be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, areas, layers, and / or parts, these elements, components, areas, layers, and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element, component, area, layer, or part from another. Therefore, the first element, component, area, layer, or part discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, area, layer, or part without departing from the teachings herein.

[0052] Furthermore, relative terms such as “below” or “bottom” and “above” or “top” may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures, the relative terms are also intended to cover different orientations of the device. For example, if a device in a figure is flipped, an element described as being “below” another element will be oriented “above” that other element. Thus, depending on the specific orientation of the figure, the term “below” can encompass both “below” and “above” orientations. Similarly, if a device in a figure is flipped, an element described as being “below” or “under” another element will be oriented “above” that other element. Thus, the term “below” or “under” can encompass both “above” and “below” orientations.

[0053] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, “a,” “the,” and “at least one” do not indicate a limitation of quantity and are intended to include both the singular and the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, references to the element “a” in the claims (followed by references to the element “the”) include one element and multiple elements. For example, “element” has the same meaning as “at least one element” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. “At least one” should not be construed as limiting “a” or variations thereof. “Or” means “and / or.” As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that, when used in this specification, the terms “comprising” and / or variations thereof or “including” and / or variations thereof specify the presence of the stated features, areas, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, areas, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0054] Given the measurements discussed and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., limitations of the measurement system), the terms “approximately” or “about” as used herein include the stated value and mean within an acceptable range of deviation from that particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, “approximately” may mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the stated value.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will be further understood that terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless so explicitly defined herein.

[0056] The embodiments described herein are illustrated with cross-sectional views as schematic representations of preferred embodiments. Therefore, variations in the shapes depicted are expected due to factors such as manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Consequently, the embodiments described herein should not be construed as limited to the specific shapes of the regions illustrated herein, but are to include, for example, deviations in shape due to manufacturing processes. For instance, regions illustrated or described as flat may generally have rough and / or non-linear characteristics. Furthermore, sharp corners in the illustrations may be rounded. Therefore, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to illustrate precise shapes of the regions and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0057] In the following, embodiments of the optical film and electronic device according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Figure 1A This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Reference Figure 1A Embodiments of an electronic device ED may include a display module DM, a processor PR, a memory MR, and a power module PM.

[0059] The processor PR may include at least one selected from the central processing unit (CPU), application processor (AP), graphics processing unit (GPU), communication processor (CP), image signal processor (ISP), and controller.

[0060] The memory MR can store data information for the operation of the processor PR or the display module DM. When the processor PR executes the application stored in the memory MR, image data signals and / or input control signals can be transmitted to the display module DM, and the display module DM can process these received signals to output image information through the display screen.

[0061] The power module PM may include a power supply module such as a power adapter or battery device, and a power conversion module that converts the power supplied by the power supply module to generate power for the operation of the electronic device ED.

[0062] At least one of the components of the electronic device ED may be included in the display device according to the embodiment. Additionally, some of the modules described above may be included in the display device, while others may be provided separately from the display device. In an embodiment, for example, the display device may include the display module DM, which will be described later. The processor PR, memory MR, and power module PM may not be provided within the display device; instead, they may be provided as other devices within the electronic device ED.

[0063] Figure 1B This is a view illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0064] refer to Figure 1B Various electronic devices that utilize the display device according to the embodiments may include electronic devices that display images, such as smartphones ED_1a, tablet PCs ED_1b, laptop computers ED_1c, televisions ED_1d, desktop monitors ED_1e, etc.; wearable electronic devices including display modules, such as smart glasses ED_2a, head-mounted displays ED_2b, smartwatches ED_2c, etc.; or in-vehicle electronic devices including display modules, such as instrument panels, central dashboards, central information displays (CID) mounted on instrument panels, or rearview mirror displays.

[0065] The display device according to the embodiments can be applied to various electronic devices. In addition to the display device, the electronic device may further include modules or devices with additional functions.

[0066] Figures 2A to 2C This is a perspective view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the embodiment, the electronic device can be activated in response to an electrical signal. Figure 2A A mobile phone with an edge display surface is shown as an embodiment of an electronic device ED. Figure 2B A smartwatch with an edge display surface is shown as an embodiment of the electronic device ED-1, and... Figure 2C A foldable mobile phone is shown as an embodiment of the electronic device ED-2.

[0067] Figure 3 This is an exploded perspective view of an electronic device ED according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the electronic device ED shown is shown. Figure 3 yes Figure 2A An exploded perspective view of the electronic device ED shown. Figure 4 It is along Figure 3 The cross-sectional view taken from line I-I'.

[0068] Figures 2A to 2CThe embodiments of the electronic devices ED, ED-1 and ED-2 shown are merely examples, and such embodiments of the electronic devices can be applied to large electronic devices such as televisions, monitors, billboards, etc., as well as small and medium-sized electronic devices such as personal computers (e.g., laptops and tablets), personal digital assistants, car navigation units, gaming units, smartwatches, cameras, etc.

[0069] refer to Figures 2A to 2C Embodiments of the described electronic devices ED, ED-1 and ED-2 may include a display device comprising a display module DM for displaying images.

[0070] For ease of description, the following text will primarily describe... Figure 2A The embodiments of the electronic device ED shown herein, the optical film of the embodiments described below, and the electronic device including the optical film can be equivalently applied to various other types of electronic devices.

[0071] The accompanying drawings show a first direction axis DR1, a second direction axis DR2, a third direction axis DR3, a fourth direction axis DR4, and a fifth direction axis DR5. The first direction axis DR1, second direction axis DR2, third direction axis DR3, fourth direction axis DR4, and fifth direction axis DR5 described in this disclosure can be opposite to each other and can be changed to other directions. Furthermore, the directions indicated by the first direction axis DR1, second direction axis DR2, third direction axis DR3, fourth direction axis DR4, and fifth direction axis DR5 can be referred to as the first direction DR1, second direction DR2, third direction DR3, fourth direction DR4, and fifth direction DR5, and can be assigned the same reference numerals. In this disclosure, the second direction axis DR2 can be perpendicular to the third direction axis DR3, and the first direction axis DR1 can be a normal direction relative to the plane defined by the second direction axis DR2 and the third direction axis DR3. Additionally, the fourth direction DR4 can be the direction between the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2, and the fifth direction DR5 can be the direction opposite to the second direction DR2 and between the first direction DR1.

[0072] refer to Figure 3 The electronic device ED may include a display module DM having multiple display portions that provide images in different directions. The display module DM may include an upper display module portion DMT that provides images to a main display surface MDS in a frontal direction, and side display module portions DMS-1 to DMS-4 that provide images to sub-display surfaces SDS in directions different from the frontal direction. The upper display module portion DMT may display images in a direction corresponding to a first direction axis DR1 perpendicular to each of the second direction axis DR2 and the third direction axis DR3. (Reference) Figure 4The first side display module, DMS-1, faces an direction that corresponds to the fourth direction, DR4. Additionally, the second side display module, DMS-2, faces an direction that corresponds to the fifth direction, DR5.

[0073] In this disclosure, the upper (or front) surface and lower (or rear) surface of each component can be defined relative to the orientation of the image displayed on the upper display module portion DMT. The upper and lower surfaces can be opposite to each other on a first direction axis DR1, and the normal direction relative to each of the front and rear surfaces can be substantially parallel to the first direction axis DR1.

[0074] In the following description, the phrase "when viewed in a plane" or "in a plan view" may refer to the state observed in the first direction DR1. The first direction DR1 may be the thickness direction of the electronic device ED. The directions indicated by the first direction DR1, the second direction DR2, the third direction DR3, the fourth direction DR4, and the fifth direction DR5 may be opposite to each other and may be changed to other directions.

[0075] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 An embodiment of an electronic device ED may include a display module DM and an optical film OL disposed on the display module DM. The electronic device ED may include a lower substrate HAU housing the display module DM. Additionally, the electronic device ED may include a window WM disposed above the optical film OL. The lower substrate HAU may include a quadrilateral frame on its sides and a flat bottom surface. However, the shape of the lower substrate HAU should not be limited to or restricted by this, and the shape of the lower substrate HAU may vary depending on the shape of the display module DM housed therein and the window WM (or upper substrate) coupled to the lower substrate HAU. The electronic device ED may have a stacked structure of the lower substrate HAU, the display module DM, the optical film OL, and the window WM.

[0076] The display module DM may include an upper display module portion DMT parallel to the lower substrate HAU and side display module portions DMS-1 to DMS-4, each disposed on one side of the upper display module portion DMT in four directions. Furthermore, unlike... Figure 3 The side display module portions DMS-1 to DMS-4 shown may be omitted, and one or more of the side display module portions DMS-1 to DMS-4 may be omitted.

[0077] The optical film OL may include an upper optical film OLT parallel to the upper display module portion DMT and side optical films OLS-1 to OLS-4, each disposed on one side of the upper optical film OLT in four directions. The window WM may include an upper window portion WMT parallel to the lower substrate HAU and side window portions WMS-1 to WMS-4, each disposed on one side of the upper window portion WMT in four directions.

[0078] The electronic device ED may include a first edge, a second edge, a third edge, and a fourth edge. The first edge may include a first-side display module portion DMS-1, a first-side optical film OLS-1, and a first-side window portion WMS-1. The second edge may include a second-side display module portion DMS-2, a second-side optical film OLS-2, and a second-side window portion WMS-2. The third edge may include a third-side display module portion DMS-3, a third-side optical film OLS-3, and a third-side window portion WMS-3. The fourth edge may include a fourth-side display module portion DMS-4, a fourth-side optical film OLS-4, and a fourth-side window portion WMS-4.

[0079] In an embodiment, such as Figure 2A and Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device ED includes four edges, such as a first edge, a second edge, a third edge, and a fourth edge, but this disclosure should not be limited to or restricted by it. In another embodiment, for example, the electronic device may include only two edges.

[0080] An electronic device (ED) may include a main display surface (MDS) and at least one sub-display surface (SDS). In such an embodiment, each of the four edges may correspond to a sub-display surface (SDS). In an embodiment, as... Figure 2A and Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device ED includes four edges, but is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, at least one of the edges may be omitted.

[0081] The window WM may include a glass substrate and can be used as a cover window for an electronic device ED. The glass substrate included in the window WM may be a tempered glass substrate. Alternatively, the glass substrate may be ultra-thin glass.

[0082] An optical film (OL) can be a film that controls the light supplied from a display module (DM). The materials used for an optical film (OL) should not be subject to any particular restrictions.

[0083] The optical film OL can completely overlap with the display module DM, or it can overlap with at least a portion of the display module DM. That is, the optical film OL can cover all or part of the upper surface of each of the upper display module portion DMT, the first side display module portion DMS-1, the second side display module portion DMS-2, the third side display module portion DMS-3, and the fourth side display module portion DMS-4.

[0084] Figure 3 and Figure 4 An embodiment is shown having a structure in which an optical film OL completely covers the upper surface of a display module DM. In such an embodiment, the optical film OL may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the display module DM. Additionally, the window WM may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the optical film OL.

[0085] However, this disclosure should not be limited to or restricted by it. The optical film OL will be described in detail later.

[0086] The display module DM can display images in response to electrical signals and can send and receive information about external inputs. Although not shown in the figures, the display module DM may include light-emitting elements. These light-emitting elements may be organic light-emitting elements comprising organic light-emitting materials or inorganic light-emitting elements comprising quantum dots and quantum rods.

[0087] Although not shown in the figures, the electronic device ED may further include an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer may be disposed between the display module DM and the optical film OL, and may attach the optical film OL to the display module DM.

[0088] In the following text, reference will be made to Figures 5 to 7 Examples of optical films (OL) are described in detail.

[0089] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of an optical film OL according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 This is a plan view of the optical film OL according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the optical film OL according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 It is along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view taken from line II-II'.

[0090] exist Figures 5 to 7 In the diagram, for ease of illustration and description, it is assumed that the optical film OL is the upper optical film OLT (reference). Figure 4The first direction DR1, the second direction DR2, and the third direction DR3 are defined by the optical films OL, OLS-1 to OLS-4 as described above. However, since the optical films OL include the side optical films OLS-1 to OLS-4 as described above, the directions indicated by the first direction DR1, the second direction DR2, and the third direction DR3 can be opposite to each other and can be changed to other directions.

[0091] refer to Figure 5 An embodiment of the optical film OL may include a substrate portion BS and a plurality of protrusions PP disposed on a surface of the substrate portion BS. Each of the protrusions PP may include a first portion PP-1 extending in a first direction DR1 parallel to the thickness direction of the substrate portion BS, and a portion PP-1 connected to the first portion PP-1 and inclined at a first angle θ relative to the first direction DR1 (e.g., ...). Figure 7 The second portion PP-2 extends (as shown in the diagram). The first tilt angle θ can be an acute angle. In an embodiment, for example, the first tilt angle θ can be greater than or equal to about 1 degree and less than or equal to about 60 degrees.

[0092] The substrate portion BS can provide a raised portion PP disposed on the substrate surface BSS in the optical film OL. The substrate portion BS can support the raised portion PP and improve the durability of the optical film OL.

[0093] The base portion BS can have a flat or curved shape. In an embodiment, such as... Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the base portion BS has a flat shape; however, the shape of the base portion BS should not be limited to or restricted by this.

[0094] The substrate portion BS may be transparent. The substrate portion BS may include at least one light-transmitting material selected from polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and glass, but should not be limited to or restricted by this.

[0095] The raised portion PP can be directly disposed on one surface of the substrate portion BS. The raised portion PP of the optical film OL can be formed by irradiating a substrate having flat upper and lower surfaces with a laser beam to cause thermal damage to the substrate, and then etching the thermally damaged portion by a chemical etching process. During the laser beam irradiation process, the raised portion PP can be formed, and an optical film OL having a substrate portion BS and a raised portion PP can be manufactured. However, the manufacturing method of the optical film OL should not be limited to or restricted by this.

[0096] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The first portion PP-1 and the second portion PP-2 of the optical film OL can have a strip shape extending in one direction on a plane parallel to a surface (also called the substrate surface) BSS of the substrate portion BS. This surface BSS of the substrate portion BS can contact the lower surface of the first portion PP-1. This direction can be a third direction DR3. Since the raised portions PP extend in the third direction DR3, the first portion PP-1 and the second portion PP-2 can extend in the third direction DR3, the raised portions PP can be repeatedly arranged in the second direction DR2, and the exposed portions of the substrate portion BS can be disposed between the raised portions PP. The raised portions PP can be repeatedly arranged in the second direction DR2 and can be spaced apart from each other by a separation distance W. p When the base portion BS has a flat surface, the separation distance W between the protruding portions PP in the second direction DR2 is... p It can be constant (or all the same). When the base portion BS has a curved shape, the separation distance W between the protrusions PP in the second direction DR2 is... p They can be the same as each other or they can be different from each other.

[0097] refer to Figure 7 The optical film OL may include a substrate portion BS having a thickness in a first direction DR1 and a patterned portion PPP including raised portions PP disposed on the substrate portion BS and spaced apart from each other in a second direction DR2. Each of the raised portions PP may include a first portion PP-1 and a second portion PP-2. The first portion PP-1 may have a trapezoidal shape in a cross-section perpendicular to the substrate portion BS and may extend in the first direction DR1. The second portion PP-2 may have a rectangular shape in a cross-section perpendicular to the substrate portion BS, may be connected to the first portion PP-1, and may extend with a first tilt angle θ relative to the direction in which the first portion PP-1 extends. The first tilt angle θ may be an acute angle.

[0098] The patterned portion PPP can refer to a group of multiple raised portions PP. Because the raised portions PP with specific structures are arranged at certain intervals in the second direction DR2 in the optical film OL, a specific pattern can be formed.

[0099] When viewed in a cross section, light incident on the optical film OL in the first direction DR1 can be refracted and emitted because the second part PP-2 of the protruding portion PP is placed on top of the first part PP-1 in a shape bent at a first tilt angle θ relative to the first direction DR1. The first part PP-1 and the second part PP-2 may comprise the same material and may have the same refractive index. Due to the structural features of the first part PP-1 and the second part PP-2 having a bent shape with an interior angle between them, the first part PP-1 and the second part PP-2, having the same refractive index, can refract and emit light passing through the protruding portion PP.

[0100] When viewed in cross-section, the length W of the lower surface of the first part PP-1 1DS (that is, in) Figure 7 The length in the second direction DR2 can be less than the length L1 of the side surface of the first portion PP-1 (or the height or length in the first direction DR1). The length L1 of the side surface of the first portion PP-1 can refer to the length of the longer side among the parallel sides of the trapezoidal shape in the cross-section. In the embodiment, the length W of the lower surface of the first portion PP-1 is... 1DS The length L1 of the side surface of the first part PP-1 is smaller than that of the first part PP-1, so that the light incident on the optical film OL can be focused and thus the optical path can be effectively set.

[0101] When viewed in cross-section, the length W of the lower surface of the second part PP-2 is... 2DS It can be less than the length L2 of the side surface of the second part PP-2. Since the second part PP-2 has a rectangular shape when viewed in cross-section, the length W of the lower surface of the second part PP-2 is... 2DS The length of the lower surface of the second part PP-2 can be the same as the upper surface of the second part PP-2. In the embodiment, the length W of the lower surface of the second part PP-2 is... 2DS The length L2 of the side surface of the second part PP-2 is smaller than that of the second part PP-2, so that the light incident on the optical film OL can be focused and thus the optical path can be effectively set.

[0102] When viewed in cross-section, the ratio of the length L1 of the side surface of the first portion PP-1 to the length L2 of the side surface of the second portion PP-2 can range from approximately 1:1 to approximately 10:1. When the ratio of the length L1 of the first portion PP-1 to the length L2 of the side surface of the second portion PP-2 falls outside this range, light incident on the optical film OL may not be effectively refracted. In an embodiment, for example, the ratio of the length L1 of the side surface of the first portion PP-1 to the length L2 of the side surface of the second portion PP-2 can range from approximately 2:1 to approximately 8:1.

[0103] When viewed in cross-section, the sum of the length L1 of the side surface of the first portion PP-1 and the length L2 of the side surface of the second portion PP-2 can be greater than or equal to about 1 μm and less than or equal to about 50 μm. When the sum of the length L1 of the first portion PP-1 and the length L2 of the side surface of the second portion PP-2 falls outside this range, light may not be effectively refracted. In an embodiment, for example, the sum of the length L1 of the side surface of the first portion PP-1 and the length L2 of the side surface of the second portion PP-2 can be greater than or equal to about 5 μm and less than or equal to about 40 μm.

[0104] When viewed in cross-section, the separation distance W between the protruding portions PP in the second direction DR2 is... p It can be greater than or equal to approximately 0.5 μm and less than or equal to approximately 5 μm. The separation distance W between the protruding portions PP in the second direction DR2. p Optical films OL can exhibit high optical performance when their diameter is greater than or equal to approximately 0.5 μm and less than or equal to approximately 5 μm. In an embodiment, for example, the separation distance W between the protrusions PP in the second direction DR2... p It can be greater than or equal to approximately 1 μm and less than or equal to approximately 4 μm.

[0105] When viewed in cross-section, the first tilt angle θ can range from approximately 1° to approximately 60°. The first tilt angle θ can be adjusted according to the desired direction in which light is to be refracted. The base portion BS can have a flat or curved shape, and in the optical film OL, the first tilt angle θ of each of the protrusions PP can be the same or different from each other. In such embodiments where the first tilt angle θ is in the range of approximately 1° to approximately 60°, the optical film OL can focus light based on the direction of light emission, and therefore the optical film OL can have high optical properties. In embodiments, for example, the first tilt angle θ can range from approximately 2° to approximately 45°.

[0106] In such an embodiment, since the protruding portion PP has a bent shape within the optical film OL, bent at a first tilt angle θ, the protruding portion PP can refract light supplied from the upper or lower surface of the optical film OL. Accordingly, since the electronic device ED includes the optical film OL, the direction of the image or light supplied to it from the display module DM can be changed, and thus the display quality of the electronic device ED can be improved.

[0107] The raised portion PP of the optical film OL can have a shape that is bent once at a first tilt angle θ (defined as a specific acute angle), and can not have a shape that is bent multiple times or a shape that is continuously bent.

[0108] In the following text, reference will be made to Figures 8 to 11 The optical films OL-a, OL-b, OL-c, and OL-d according to embodiments of the present disclosure are described below. Figures 8 to 11 In the embodiments shown, references to the above will be omitted. Figures 2A to 7 Any repeated detailed descriptions of the same or similar elements described herein, and the description will focus primarily on the differences.

[0109] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the optical film OL-a according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0110] refer to Figure 8 Embodiments of the optical film OL-a may further include a filling portion FP filling the space between a plurality of raised portions PP. (See reference...) Figures 5 to 7 Compared to the described optical film OL, optical film OL-a may further include a filling portion FP. The filling portion FP may be in contact with the substrate portion BS.

[0111] The filling portion FP can have a third refractive index. The third refractive index of the filling portion FP can be the same as or different from the first refractive index of the raised portion PP. Furthermore, in addition to the filling portion FP, the optical film OL-a further includes a cover layer CL, as described later (see reference). Figure 10 In the embodiment of ), the third refractive index of the filling portion FP can be the same as that of the capping layer CL (reference). Figure 10 The second refractive index of the two may be the same or different.

[0112] The filler portion FP may include a transparent material. The filler portion FP may be filled in the space between the raised portions PP to cushion the impact caused by external pressure applied to the optical film OL and to refract light.

[0113] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the optical film OL-b according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0114] refer to Figure 9 An embodiment of the optical film OL-b may include a plurality of raised portions PP, each of which may include an outer portion OP and a core portion CP surrounded by the outer portion OP, and the core portion CP may be air-filled. Since the core portion CP is filled with air having a refractive index of 1.00, light supplied from the display module DM can be refracted and directed to the front of the electronic device ED due to the difference in refractive index between the outer portion OP and the core portion CP, as well as the structural features of the optical film OL having a bent shape. Therefore, the electronic device ED can have improved viewing angle characteristics such as high front brightness.

[0115] Figure 10This is a cross-sectional view of the optical film OL-c according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the optical film OL-d according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0116] In an embodiment, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the optical film OL-c may further include a cover layer CL disposed on at least one side selected from the upper and lower sides of the substrate portion BS. (Reference) Figure 10 In one embodiment, the optical film OL-c may include a cover layer CL disposed on the upper side of the substrate portion BS. In an embodiment where the cover layer CL is disposed on the upper side of the substrate portion BS, a protrusion PP may be disposed between the substrate portion BS and the cover layer CL. (See reference...) Figure 11 In another embodiment, the optical film OL-d may include a cover layer CL-U and a cover layer CL-D disposed above and below the substrate portion BS, respectively. In another embodiment, although not shown in the figures, the optical film OL may include a cover layer CL disposed only below the substrate portion BS.

[0117] In embodiments where the optical film OL-c further includes a cover layer CL, the raised portion PP may have a first refractive index, and the cover layer CL may have a second refractive index different from the first refractive index. The material used for the cover layer CL should not be particularly limited, and the cover layer CL may include a transparent material. In such embodiments, because the cover layer CL has a second refractive index, it can refract light refracted by the raised portion PP, or light refracted by the cover layer CL may be refracted by the raised portion PP, and thus the viewing angle characteristics of the electronic device ED can be improved.

[0118] In embodiments where the optical film OL-c further includes a cover layer CL, the difference between the first refractive index of the protruding portion PP and the second refractive index of the cover layer CL of the optical film OL can be greater than or equal to about 0.1 and less than or equal to about 2. In embodiments, for example, where the optical film OL-c further includes a cover layer CL, the difference between the first and second refractive indices can be greater than or equal to about 0.3 and less than or equal to about 1.5.

[0119] refer to Figures 5 to 11 The embodiments of the described optical films OL, OL-a, OL-b, OL-c, or OL-d may be included in the electronic device according to the embodiments.

[0120] Return to reference Figure 2A and Figure 3An embodiment of an electronic device ED may include a main display surface MDS and at least one sub-display surface SDS for providing an image in a direction different from the direction in which the image is provided on the main display surface MDS. The electronic device ED may include a display module DM, an optical film OL disposed on the display module DM, and a window WM disposed on the optical film OL. The optical film OL may include a base portion BS forming at least one of an upper surface and a lower surface of the optical film OL, and a protrusion PP disposed on the base portion BS. Each of the protrusions PP may include a first portion PP-1 extending in a first direction DR1 parallel to the thickness direction of the base portion BS, and a second portion PP-2 connected to the first portion PP-1 and extending relative to the first direction DR1 at a first tilt angle θ, wherein the first tilt angle θ may be an acute angle.

[0121] The primary display surface (MDS) can refer to the main area on an electronic device (ED) where the user primarily runs applications and where basic content is displayed. In embodiments of the ED, the primary display surface (MDS) may be a display surface corresponding to the upper display module (DMT) portion. The primary display surface (MDS) may be a flat surface.

[0122] A sub-display surface (SDS) can correspond to a screen edge, curved portion, or additional display surface other than the main display surface (MDS) that serves as an auxiliary screen, and the sub-display surface (SDS) can be considered an extension of the main display surface (MDS). In embodiments of the electronic device (ED), the sub-display surface (SDS) can be a display surface corresponding to the side display module portions (DMS-1 to DMS-4).

[0123] According to an embodiment of the electronic device ED, the optical film OL can be located at a position corresponding to the main display surface MDS and the sub-display surface SDS. (Reference) Figure 3 and Figure 4 According to an embodiment of the electronic device ED, the upper optical film OLT can be located at a position corresponding to the main display surface MDS, and the side optical films OLS-1 to OLS-4 can be located at positions corresponding to the sub-display surface SDS. In such an embodiment, the first tilt angle θ of the optical films OLT and OLS-1 to OLS-4, and the separation distance W of the protruding portion PP in the second direction DR2 are... p The length W of the lower surface of the first part PP-1 1DS The length L1 of the side surface of the first part PP-1 and the length W of the lower surface of the second part PP-2. 2DS The length L2 of the side surface of the second part PP-2 can be the same or different from each other.

[0124] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device ED-a according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 13 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of an electronic device ED-b according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 13 It is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the electronic device ED-b taken by line I-I'.

[0125] According to an embodiment of the electronic device ED-a, the optical film OL can be located at a position corresponding to at least one sub-display surface SDS. (Reference) Figure 12 The optical film OL may not be disposed on the upper display module portion DMT of the main display surface MDS, and the side optical films OLS-1 and OLS-2 may be located at positions corresponding to the first side display module portion DMS-1 and the second side display module portion DMS-2, which act as sub-display surfaces SDS, respectively. In such an embodiment, light supplied from the upper display module portion DMT toward the first direction DR1 can be displayed as an image without any viewing angle control, and the light paths of light supplied from the side display module portions DMS-1 and DMS-2 toward the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5 can be changed toward the main display surface MDS by the viewing angle controlled by the side optical films OLS-1 and OLS-2. Accordingly, the brightness in the front direction can be improved, and the color difference between the front and side surfaces can be reduced, thereby improving the viewing angle characteristics.

[0126] In an embodiment where the side optical films OLS-1 and OLS-2 are located at positions corresponding to multiple sub-display surfaces SDS in the electronic device ED-a, the side optical films OLS-1 and OLS-2 reference... Figure 7 The first tilt angle θ and the separation distance W of the protruding portion PP in the second direction DR2 are described. p The length W of the lower surface of the first part PP-1 1DS The length L1 of the side surface of the first part PP-1 and the length W of the lower surface of the second part PP-2. 2DS The lengths L2 of the side surfaces of the second part PP-2 can be the same or different from each other.

[0127] refer to Figure 13 In one embodiment, the sub-display surface SDS of the electronic device ED-b may have a curved surface convex in the fifth direction DR5, and the second side display module portion DMS-2 provides the image on the fifth direction DR5. Accordingly, viewing angle control characteristics such as increased brightness and reduced chromatic aberration can be implemented on the main display surface MDS.

[0128] refer to Figure 13In an embodiment, the base portion BS of the optical film OL, arranged corresponding to the sub-display surface SDS in the electronic device ED-b, may have a curved shape corresponding to the curved surface of the sub-display surface SDS. The optical film OL of the electronic device ED-b may include an upper optical film OLT and a second side optical film OLS-2. Furthermore, unlike... Figure 13 The electronic device ED-b shown may have an optical film OL comprising only the side optical film corresponding to the sub-display surface SDS. In an embodiment, for example, the optical film OL may not be provided in the portion corresponding to the main display surface MDS.

[0129] In an embodiment of the electronic device ED-b, the second-side display module portion DMS-2 corresponding to the sub-display surface SDS can have a curved shape, and the substrate portion BS of the optical film OL can have a curved shape corresponding to the curved shape of the second-side display module portion DMS-2. In such an embodiment, in the protrusion PP provided on the substrate portion BS, reference... Figure 7 The description includes the first tilt angle θ and the separation distance W of the protruding portion PP in the second direction DR2. p The length W of the lower surface of the first part PP-1 1DS The length L1 of the side surface of the first part PP-1 and the length W of the lower surface of the second part PP-2. 2DS The lengths L2 of the side surfaces of the second part PP-2 can be the same or different from each other. Accordingly, viewing angle control characteristics such as increased brightness and reduced chromatic aberration can be achieved on the main display surface MDS. However, the shape of the base part BS should not be limited to or restricted by this, and the base part BS can have a curved shape or a flat shape. Figure 13 Only a portion of an embodiment of the electronic device ED-b is shown, wherein the electronic device ED-b includes a plurality of sub-display surfaces SDS and the optical film OL may include side optical films corresponding to the sub-display surfaces SDS respectively. Each of the side optical films may include a raised portion PP and a base portion BS having a curved shape corresponding to the shape of the side display module portion, and the raised portion PP may include a first portion PP-1 disposed on the base portion BS and a second portion PP-2 bent in the direction toward the main display surface MDS.

[0130] refer to Figure 13 In this embodiment, the second portion PP-2 of each of the protrusions PP can extend in the frontal direction within the electronic device ED-b. Therefore, compared to the absence of the second side optical film OLS-2, the image provided by the sub-display surface SDS can be refracted and guided to the main display surface MDS.

[0131] In conventional electronic devices that do not include optical films for altering the light path, the main display surface and the sub-display surface can provide images in different principal directions. Therefore, compared to the principal direction on which the image is provided, a region with lower brightness is observed at or near the boundary between the main display surface and the sub-display surface. That is, most of the light is provided in the direction perpendicular to the normal to the display surface. Accordingly, from the perspective of a user viewing the image in a frontal direction, there is a brightness inhomogeneity between the main display surface and the sub-display surface, resulting in color aberration. Furthermore, dark areas appear at the boundary between the main display surface and the sub-display surface, and visual discontinuity arises due to the brightness inhomogeneity between the main display surface and the sub-display surface.

[0132] As described herein, the optical film according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include a raised portion having a bent portion that alters the direction of light propagation and can refract light toward the main display surface, thereby improving the display quality of the electronic device. Furthermore, since the electronic device according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include an optical film having a raised portion for altering the light path, brightness non-uniformity between the main display surface and the sub-display surface can be improved, and color difference can be reduced, thereby improving viewing angle characteristics. Additionally, since the brightness non-uniformity between the main display surface and the sub-display surface is improved, dark areas appearing at the boundary between the main display surface and the sub-display surface can be reduced. Therefore, the electronic device can have high display quality.

[0133] refer to Figures 5 to 11 The described optical film may include in the reference Figure 2B or Figure 2C Examples of the described electronic devices.

[0134] exist Figure 2B In the embodiment of the electronic device ED-1 shown, the optical film OL may overlap the entire display surface or only the edge of the display surface. Additionally, the optical film OL may include raised portions PP only in the area overlapping the edge of the electronic device ED-1.

[0135] exist Figure 2C In the embodiment of the illustrated electronic device ED-2, the optical film OL may overlap the entire display surface or only with a folded portion that is part of the display surface. The folded portion may refer to a part of the display surface that is folded or unfolded about a folding axis. Additionally, the optical film OL may include raised portions PP only in the area overlapping with the folded portion in the electronic device ED-2.

[0136] Figure 14 It is a graph showing the results of evaluating the relative brightness of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and an electronic device according to a comparative example as a function of viewing angle. Figure 15 The graph shows the results of evaluating the color difference Δu'v' as a function of viewing angle for an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and an electronic device according to a comparative example.

[0137] exist Figure 14 and Figure 15 In the example, the electronic device according to the embodiment includes an optical film having a first tilt angle of approximately 10°, while the electronic device according to the comparative example does not include an optical film. After the electronic device of the example and the electronic device of the comparative example are configured to provide the same image through their respective display modules, the relative brightness and Δu'v' value of the images provided by the electronic device of the example and the electronic device of the comparative example are measured at a viewing angle ranging from -60° to 60°.

[0138] refer to Figure 14 It was observed that within a viewing angle range greater than or equal to -45° and less than -5°, and within a viewing angle range greater than or equal to 5° and less than 45°, the relative brightness of the electronic device in the example embodiment was superior to that of the electronic device in the comparative example.

[0139] Accordingly, the optical film of the electronic device in the example embodiment may include protrusions, each having a bent shape, and the path of light provided from the display module can be changed to a desired angle by the tilt angle of the bent portion of the protrusion. Additionally, brightness in the side viewing direction can be improved, allowing a brighter image to be provided to the user, and reducing the perceived image difference caused by brightness inhomogeneity between the main display surface and the sub-display surface.

[0140] refer to Figure 15 Within the viewing angle ranges of -45° to -10° and 10° to 45°, the Δu'v' value of the electronic device in the example embodiment is smaller than that of the electronic device in the comparative example, and therefore the color difference between the main display surface and the sub-display surface is reduced in the electronic device of the example embodiment. Accordingly, the electronic device of the example embodiment can have improved display quality.

[0141] This invention should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and that they will fully convey the inventive concept to those skilled in the art.

[0142] Although the invention has been specifically shown and described with reference to embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made herein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An optical film, comprising: Base portion; as well as Multiple protrusions are disposed on one surface of the base portion. Each of the plurality of protruding portions includes: The first portion extends in a first direction parallel to the thickness direction of the base portion; and The second part is connected to the first part and extends relative to the first direction at a first angle of inclination, wherein the first angle of inclination is an acute angle.

2. The optical film according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the first and second portions has a strip shape extending in one direction on a plane parallel to one surface of the base portion.

3. The optical film according to claim 1, further comprising: The filling portion fills the space between the protruding portions.

4. The optical film according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the plurality of protrusions includes an outer portion and a core portion surrounded by the outer portion, and the core portion is filled with air.

5. The optical film according to claim 1, further comprising: A cover layer is disposed on at least one side selected from the upper and lower sides of the base portion. The protruding portion has a first refractive index, and The covering layer has a second refractive index that is different from the first refractive index.

6. The optical film according to claim 5, wherein, The difference between the first refractive index and the second refractive index is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 2.

7. An optical film, comprising: The base portion has a thickness in the first direction; as well as The patterned portion includes a plurality of raised portions disposed on one surface of the base portion and spaced apart from each other in a second direction different from the first direction. Each of the plurality of protruding portions includes: The first part has a trapezoidal shape in cross-section and extends in the first direction; and The second part has a rectangular shape in the cross-section, is connected to the first part, and extends relative to the first direction at a first angle of inclination, wherein the first angle of inclination is an acute angle.

8. The optical film according to claim 7, wherein, When viewed in the cross-section, the length of the lower surface of the first portion in the second direction is less than the length of the side surface of the first portion.

9. The optical film according to claim 7, wherein, When viewed in the cross-section, the length of the lower surface of the second part, which is connected to the first part, is less than the length of the side surface of the second part.

10. The optical film according to claim 7, wherein, When viewed in the cross-section, the ratio of the length of the side surface of the first portion to the length of the side surface of the second portion is in the range of 1:1 to 10:

1.

11. The optical film according to claim 7, wherein, When viewed in the cross-section, the sum of the lengths of the side surfaces of the first portion and the second portion is greater than or equal to 1 μm and less than or equal to 50 μm.

12. The optical film according to claim 7, wherein, When viewed in the cross-section, the separation distance between the protrusions in the second direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm.

13. The optical film according to claim 7, wherein, When viewed in the cross-section, the first tilt angle is in the range of 1° to 60°.

14. An electronic device comprising: The display module includes a main display surface and a sub-display surface that provides an image in a direction different from the direction in which the image is provided by the main display surface; An optical film is disposed on the display module; as well as A window is provided on the optical film. The optical film includes: The substrate portion defines at least one selected from the upper and lower surfaces of the optical film; and Multiple protrusions are arranged on the base portion. Each of the plurality of protruding portions includes: The first portion extends in a first direction parallel to the thickness direction of the base portion; and The second part is connected to the first part and extends relative to the first direction at a first angle of inclination, wherein the first angle of inclination is an acute angle.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, wherein, The optical film is arranged to correspond to the sub-display surface.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15, wherein, The second portion of each of the plurality of protrusions extends from the first portion in the direction in which the image is provided by the main display surface.

17. The electronic device according to claim 14, wherein, The sub-display surface has a curved surface that convexes in the direction in which the image of the sub-display surface is provided.

18. The electronic device according to claim 17, wherein, The substrate portion of the optical film, which is arranged to correspond to the sub-display surface, has a curved shape corresponding to the curved surface of the sub-display surface.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein, Each of the first and second portions has a strip shape extending in one direction on a plane parallel to one surface of the base portion.

20. The electronic device of claim 14, further comprising at least one selected from a processor, a memory, and a power module.

Images