Pilot configuration method, apparatus, device, storage medium and program product

Abstract

This application provides a pilot configuration method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product, applied in the field of communication technology. The method includes: a terminal device receiving a first index number sent by a network device; the first index number is determined by the network device based on the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device and a mapping table; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value ranges of multiple channel parameters corresponding to each index number and pilot parameters; the multiple index numbers include the first index number; and a target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number is determined based on the mapping table. This pilot configuration method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product are used to solve the uplink resource waste problem caused by the periodic feedback of multiple channel parameters by the terminal device in related technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a pilot configuration method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] Terminal devices and network devices ensure stable data transmission by transmitting pilot signals.

[0003] Currently, pilot configuration relies on the following closed-loop mechanism: the terminal device continuously measures the channel parameters and periodically reports these multiple channel parameters to the network device via uplink signaling; the network device dynamically adjusts the pilot parameters based on the received channel parameters in order to perform pilot configuration using the adjusted pilot parameters.

[0004] However, terminal devices need to periodically (e.g., every 10ms) report multiple channel parameters, which consumes a large amount of uplink signaling resources. In scenarios where satellite-to-ground communication bandwidth is limited, this can easily lead to the compression of data transmission resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides pilot configuration methods, apparatus, devices, storage media, and program products to solve the problem of uplink resource waste caused by the periodic feedback of multiple channel parameters by terminal devices in related technologies.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a pilot configuration method, applied in a terminal device, the method comprising:

[0007] The network device receives a first index number sent by the network device. The first index number is determined by the network device based on the channel parameters and mapping table corresponding to the terminal device. The mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value range of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number. The multiple index numbers include the first index number.

[0008] The target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number are determined based on the mapping table.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the multiple channel parameters include at least two of the following parameters of the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread;

[0010] Pilot parameters include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

[0011] In one possible implementation, each pilot parameter in the mapping table satisfies the following condition: the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value.

[0012] In one possible implementation, receiving the first index number sent by the network device includes:

[0013] Receive downlink control signaling sent by network devices; downlink control signaling is used to indicate the first index number.

[0014] In one possible implementation, after determining the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table, the method further includes:

[0015] Based on the target pilot parameters, receive the first OTFS pilot signal sent by the network device.

[0016] In one possible implementation, before receiving the first index number sent by the network device, the method further includes:

[0017] The channel corresponding to the terminal device is measured to obtain the channel parameters of the terminal device; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0018] Send channel parameters to network devices.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0020] The channel corresponding to the terminal device is measured to obtain the channel parameters of the terminal device; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0021] The second index number is determined based on the channel parameters and the mapping table;

[0022] Send the second index number to the network device.

[0023] In one possible implementation, after determining the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table, the method further includes:

[0024] Generate a second OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters;

[0025] Send a second OTFS pilot signal to the network device.

[0026] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a pilot configuration method, applied in a network device, the method comprising:

[0027] Based on the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device, the first index number and the target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number are determined based on the mapping table; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers and the value range of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number; the multiple index numbers include the first index number;

[0028] Send a first index number to the terminal device; the first index number is used by the terminal device to determine the target pilot parameters.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the multiple channel parameters include at least two of the following parameters of the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread;

[0030] Pilot parameters include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

[0031] In one possible implementation, each pilot parameter in the mapping table satisfies the following condition: the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0033] The channel corresponding to the terminal device is measured to obtain the channel parameters; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0035] The terminal device receives the channel parameters sent by the terminal device; the channel parameters are obtained by the terminal device through channel measurement; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and network devices.

[0036] In one possible implementation, sending the first index number to the terminal device includes:

[0037] Send downlink control signaling to the terminal device; the downlink control signaling is used to indicate the first index number.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0039] Generate the first OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters;

[0040] Send the first OTFS pilot signal to the terminal device.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0042] The receiving terminal device sends a second index number; the second index number is determined by the terminal device based on the channel parameters and mapping table measured by the terminal device.

[0043] Based on the second index number and the mapping table, determine the initial pilot parameters indicated by the terminal device;

[0044] Based on the network device's pilot parameter configuration strategy and initial pilot parameters, determine the target pilot parameters, and based on the target pilot parameters and mapping table, determine the first index number.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the pilot parameter configuration strategy includes at least one of the following:

[0046] Pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to network load of network devices;

[0047] Pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to network interference information of network devices.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0049] Based on the target pilot parameters, the receiving terminal device sends a second OTFS pilot signal.

[0050] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a pilot configuration device, applied in a terminal device, comprising:

[0051] The transceiver module is used to receive the first index number sent by the network device; the first index number is determined by the network device according to the channel parameters and mapping table corresponding to the terminal device; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value range of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number; the multiple index numbers include the first index number;

[0052] The processing module is used to determine the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the multiple channel parameters include at least two of the following parameters of the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread;

[0054] Pilot parameters include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

[0055] In one possible implementation, each pilot parameter in the mapping table satisfies the following condition: the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is specifically used for:

[0057] Receive downlink control signaling sent by network devices; downlink control signaling is used to indicate the first index number.

[0058] In one possible implementation, after determining the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table...

[0059] The processing module is also used to measure the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0060] The transceiver module is also used to send channel parameters to network devices.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to measure the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device; and a second index number is determined based on the channel parameters and a mapping table.

[0062] The transceiver module is also used to send a second index number to network devices.

[0063] In one possible implementation, after determining the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table...

[0064] The processing module is also used to generate a second OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters;

[0065] The transceiver module is also used to send a second OTFS pilot signal to network devices.

[0066] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a pilot configuration device, applied in a network device, comprising:

[0067] The processing module is used to determine the first index number and the target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number based on the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device and a mapping table; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers and the value range of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number; the multiple index numbers include the first index number;

[0068] The transceiver module is used to send a first index number to the terminal device; the first index number is used by the terminal device to determine the target pilot parameters.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the multiple channel parameters include at least two of the following parameters of the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread;

[0070] Pilot parameters include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

[0071] In one possible implementation, each pilot parameter in the mapping table satisfies the following condition: the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to measure the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain channel parameters; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive channel parameters sent by the terminal device; the channel parameters are obtained by the terminal device through channel measurement; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to send downlink control signaling to the terminal device; the downlink control signaling is used to indicate the first index number.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to generate a first OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters;

[0076] The transceiver module is also used to send the first OTFS pilot signal to the terminal device.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive a second index number sent by the terminal device; the second index number is determined by the terminal device based on the channel parameters and mapping table measured by the terminal device.

[0078] The processing module is also used to determine the initial pilot parameters indicated by the terminal device according to the second index number and the mapping table; determine the target pilot parameters according to the pilot parameter configuration policy of the network device and the initial pilot parameters; and determine the first index number according to the target pilot parameters and the mapping table.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the pilot parameter configuration strategy includes at least one of the following:

[0080] Pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to network load of network devices;

[0081] Pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to network interference information of network devices.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to receive a second OTFS pilot signal sent by the terminal device according to the target pilot parameters.

[0083] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a terminal device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0084] The memory stores the instructions that the computer executes;

[0085] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in memory, causing the processor to perform the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect as described above.

[0086] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a network device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0087] The memory stores the instructions that the computer executes;

[0088] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in memory, causing the processor to perform the second aspect and / or various possible implementations of the second aspect as described above.

[0089] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect, or to implement the second aspect and / or various possible implementations of the second aspect.

[0090] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect, or is used to implement the second aspect and / or various possible implementations of the second aspect.

[0091] The pilot configuration method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and program product provided in this application embodiment allow a terminal device to receive a first index number sent by a network device and determine the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on a mapping table. The first index number is determined by the network device based on the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device and the mapping table; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value ranges of multiple channel parameters corresponding to each index number and the pilot parameters; the multiple index numbers include the first index number. In this method, the network device and the terminal device can achieve dynamic optimization and low-overhead configuration of pilot parameters by transmitting index numbers. Compared with the method of transmitting multiple channel parameters for pilot configuration, this method can reduce the signaling overhead during pilot configuration and pilot signal transmission, and can free up more data transmission resources. Attached Figure Description

[0092] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0093] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system.

[0094] Figure 2 One of the flowcharts illustrating the pilot configuration method provided in this application;

[0095] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the time-delay-Doppler domain resource mapping of an OTFS pilot signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0096] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the time-delay-Doppler domain resource mapping of another OTFS pilot signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0097] Figure 5 The second flowchart illustrating the pilot configuration method provided in this application;

[0098] Figure 6 The third flowchart illustrating the pilot configuration method provided in this application;

[0099] Figure 7 The fourth flowchart illustrating the pilot configuration method provided in this application;

[0100] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a pilot configuration device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0101] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another pilot configuration device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0102] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal device provided in this application;

[0103] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the network device provided in this application.

[0104] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0105] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0106] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0107] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, certain software, components, models and other existing solutions in the industry may be mentioned. These should be regarded as exemplary and are only intended to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application. However, it does not mean that the applicant has used or necessarily used the solution.

[0108] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0109] First, the terminology used in the embodiments of this application will be explained.

[0110] 1. Orthogonal Time-Frequency and Space (OTFS): This is a modulation technique based on the time-delay-Doppler domain, suitable for high-dynamic communication scenarios. This modulation technique maps information symbols to a time-delay-Doppler resource lattice, leveraging the time-frequency non-stationary characteristics of high-dynamic channels to improve resistance to Doppler shift and channel time-varying characteristics.

[0111] 2. Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR): This is the ratio of the peak power to the average power of a signal. It is an indicator used to measure signal power fluctuations, and its unit is dB.

[0112] 3. Satellite-to-ground link: refers to the communication link between satellite and ground terminal equipment, which has characteristics such as high dynamics (rapid terminal movement), Doppler frequency offset (above ±10kHz), and long latency (hundreds of milliseconds).

[0113] 4. Fractional Doppler: This is a phenomenon in high-dynamic scenarios where the Doppler frequency offset changes rapidly over time, causing the orthogonality between subcarriers to be destroyed, which reduces the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0114] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to a variety of systems. Applicable systems may include, but are not limited to: narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, long-term evolution (LTE) systems, fifth-generation mobile communication systems or possible sixth-generation or seventh-generation mobile communication systems, vehicle-mounted short-range wireless communication systems, satellite broadband communication systems, and future mobile communication systems.

[0115] The technical solutions provided in this application are also applicable to different network architectures, including but not limited to relay network architecture, dual-link architecture, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) architecture, device-to-device (D2D) architecture, Internet of Vessels, and other architectures.

[0116] The network devices involved in the embodiments of this application can be access network devices carried on satellites. Access network devices can include satellite base stations (SBS), centralized unit (CU) nodes, distributed unit (DU) nodes, and access controllers, etc.

[0117] The Satellite Base Station (SBS) in this application embodiment, also known as a base station device, is a device deployed in a radio access network (RAN) to provide wireless communication functions. For example, in a fourth-generation mobile communication technology (4G) network, the device providing base station functions includes an evolved NodeB (eNB); in a wireless local area network (WLAN), the device providing base station functions is an access point (AP); in the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) new radio (NR) new generation NodeB (gNodeB, gNB) and the further evolved NodeB (next-generation eNodeB, ng-eNB), wherein the gNB and the terminal device communicate using NR technology, and the ng-eNB and the terminal device communicate using evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) technology. Both the gNB and the ng-eNB can connect to the 5G core network. The base station in this application embodiment also includes equipment that provides base station functions in future new communication systems.

[0118] The terminal device in this application embodiment is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. The terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (e.g., on a ship). Terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, wireless terminal devices in industrial control, vehicle-mounted terminal devices, wireless terminal devices in self-driving vehicles, wireless terminal devices in remote medical care, wireless terminal devices in smart grids, wireless terminal devices in transportation safety, wireless terminal devices in smart cities, wireless terminal devices in smart homes, wearable terminal devices, cellular phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, terminal devices in 5G networks, or future evolution of public land mobile communication networks. Terminal devices in a network (PLMN), etc., are not limited to these in the embodiments of this application. The terminal devices involved in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal equipment, vehicle-mounted terminal equipment, industrial control terminal equipment, user unit, user station, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station (MS), remote station, remote terminal equipment, remote user equipment, mobile device, wireless communication equipment, UE agent, or UE device, etc. The terminal equipment can also be fixed or mobile.

[0119] The embodiments of this application can be applied to the field of modulation and coding technology in wireless communication systems. They can provide a pilot design and information indication method, which is suitable for system design and simulation in high dynamic scenarios of satellite-to-ground communication.

[0120] To facilitate understanding of the pilot configuration method provided in the embodiments of this application, the following will be combined with... Figure 1 The architecture of the communication system provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0121] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The communication system 100 includes a terminal device 101 and a network device 102. The terminal device 101 and the network device 102 can ensure stable data transmission by transmitting pilot signals.

[0122] In high-dynamic scenarios within satellite communication systems (such as high-speed mobile communication between terminal equipment and satellites in satellite-to-ground communication links), these links are characterized by high dynamism, rapid changes in channel parameters, significant multipath interference and delay spread, and limited data transmission resources. This makes traditional pilot configuration methods insufficient to meet the dual requirements of channel estimation accuracy and resource overhead in such scenarios. Therefore, a novel pilot configuration method is urgently needed to satisfy these dual requirements.

[0123] Currently, in satellite-to-ground communication scenarios, pilot configuration relies on a closed-loop feedback mechanism, the core process of which is as follows:

[0124] Step 1: The terminal device measures the channel parameters and periodically sends these channel parameters to the network device.

[0125] Terminal devices can measure multi-dimensional channel parameters such as relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, and delay spread with network devices (such as satellite base stations) in real time, and periodically (e.g., every 10ms) send these multi-dimensional channel parameters to the network devices.

[0126] Step 2: The network device dynamically adjusts the pilot parameters based on the channel parameters.

[0127] Pilot parameters can include pilot density (such as the number of pilots) and power ratio (such as the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power).

[0128] For example, when the relative speed exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 1 km / s), the number of pilots increases from 1 to 2 to alleviate the fractional Doppler effect; when the time delay spread is greater than 5 μs, the pilot symbol power is increased by 3 dB relative to the data symbol power to enhance the channel estimation accuracy.

[0129] However, the aforementioned pilot configuration process suffers from high signaling overhead. Terminal devices need to periodically report multi-dimensional channel parameters, consuming significant uplink signaling resources. In scenarios with limited satellite-to-ground communication bandwidth, this can easily lead to data transmission resource compression. Furthermore, the aforementioned pilot configuration methods mostly adjust pilot configuration based on a single channel parameter (such as relative speed or delay spread), without combining multi-dimensional parameters to optimize pilot configuration, resulting in performance degradation in complex scenarios (such as high speed + large delay spread).

[0130] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a pilot configuration method. A terminal device can receive a first index number sent by a network device and determine the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on a mapping table. The first index number is determined by the network device based on the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device and the mapping table. The mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value ranges of multiple channel parameters corresponding to each index number and the pilot parameters. The multiple index numbers include the first index number.

[0131] This method optimizes pilot configuration during the system design phase by pre-storing a table that maps the value ranges of multiple channel parameters (relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, and delay spread) to pilot parameters. Each channel parameter's value range and pilot parameter corresponds to a unique index number in the table. Network devices or terminal devices can query pilot parameters by matching the index number in the mapping table. This method allows network and terminal devices to dynamically optimize and configure pilot parameters with low overhead by transmitting index numbers. Compared to transmitting multiple channel parameters for pilot configuration, this method reduces signaling overhead during pilot configuration and signal transmission, freeing up more data transmission resources. Furthermore, by establishing a precise mapping relationship between multi-dimensional channel parameters (relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, delay spread, etc.) and pilot parameters (quantity, power ratio) between terminal and network devices, this method improves pilot adaptability in complex scenarios.

[0132] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0133] Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the pilot configuration method provided in this application, which can be executed interactively by a terminal device and a network device. Figure 2 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0134] S201. The network device determines the first index number and the target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table according to the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device.

[0135] The mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value ranges of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number; the multiple index numbers include the first index number.

[0136] The channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device may include, but are not limited to, at least two of the following parameters between the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread.

[0137] The target pilot parameters may include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

[0138] The relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, and delay spread between the terminal device and the network device (or the satellite carried by the network device) affect channel conditions. Specifically, the greater the relative speed, the larger the relative speed angle, the smaller the elevation angle, and the greater the delay spread between the terminal device and the network device (or the satellite carried by the network device), the worse the channel conditions. Worse channel conditions require higher accuracy in channel estimation and a higher power ratio setpoint. It needs to be higher, among which, For pilot symbol power, Data symbol power. The power ratio exceeds the threshold. PAPR will exceed the range, requiring an increase in the number of pilots. A single high-power pilot is converted into multiple low-power pilots to balance channel estimation performance with PAPR.

[0139] In some embodiments, "power ratio" may also be used interchangeably with terms such as "pilot relative power".

[0140] The relative speed between the terminal device and the network device (or the satellite on which the network device is located). Affecting Doppler frequency shift The relationship between the two satisfies the following formula:

[0141]

[0142] in, The relative velocity angle, The carrier wavelength. Relative velocity. The larger the value, the greater the Doppler frequency shift. The larger the frequency, the more pilots are needed to detect Doppler frequency shift changes, and the number of pilots... With relative velocity The association relationship satisfies the following formula:

[0143]

[0144] in, This represents the typical relative velocity threshold for geostationary satellites, for example, ; This represents the typical relative velocity threshold for medium-Earth orbit satellites, for example, ; This represents the relative velocity threshold in extremely dynamic scenarios (such as scenarios where low-orbit satellites and high-speed terminals are superimposed).

[0145] relative velocity angle (Values ​​ranging from 0° to 180°) affect the rate of change of Doppler. When it increases, Reduce but An increase in the Doppler rate of change means that more pilots are needed to update the channel estimate in real time. This increases the number of pilots. Angle with relative velocity The association relationship satisfies the following formula:

[0146]

[0147] in, The number of fundamental pilots is determined by the relative velocity. Indicates a low rate of change threshold, for example, ; Indicates a high rate of change threshold, for example, .

[0148] Angle of elevation (range of values) ~ The number of pilots is related to the intensity of multipath interference. At low elevation angles (<30°), multipath interference is severe, requiring more pilots to combat it. At medium elevation angles (30°~60°), multipath interference and Doppler frequency offset changes are more balanced, allowing for a reduction in the number of pilots. At high elevation angles (>60°), multipath interference is less, but the rate of change of Doppler frequency offset is high (the satellite is close to its direct path), requiring an appropriate number of pilots to detect Doppler frequency offset, thus increasing the number of pilots. With elevation angle The association relationship satisfies the following formula:

[0149]

[0150] in, The number of fundamental pilot signals in the current scenario is determined by the relative velocity and the angle between the relative velocities. This indicates the low elevation angle threshold, for example, ; Indicates the high elevation angle threshold, for example, .

[0151] Latency spread The larger the value, the longer the channel memory length, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio required for channel estimation, and the higher the power ratio. The relationship between the two needs to be improved accordingly, and it satisfies the following formula:

[0152]

[0153] in, Indicates the reference delay spread, for example, ; Pilot symbol power; For data symbol power. To satisfy the PAPR constraint, when Exceeding the threshold When the power level is 9dB, the power needs to be distributed by increasing the number of pilots.

[0154] In summary, multiple channel parameters may include at least two of the following parameters of the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread; pilot parameters may include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

[0155] In some embodiments, during the system design phase, a mapping relationship between multidimensional channel parameters (relative speed between terminal devices and network devices, relative speed angle, elevation angle, and delay spread) and pilot parameters (number of pilots, power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power) can be predefined to form an indexable pilot design table, i.e., a mapping table. In the table, each channel parameter can be divided into intervals (e.g., relative speed intervals below 1 km / s, 1-5 km / s, and >5 km / s), and each interval corresponds to a unique index number.

[0156] For example, the mapping table can be as shown in Table 1.

[0157] Table 1

[0158]

[0159] In Table 1, the "-" markings in the row containing index number "4" and the column containing the elevation angle range indicate that there is no restriction. This is because, in this extreme scenario, latency and speed are the dominant factors, while elevation angle has a secondary impact. The ellipsis "..." in Table 1 indicates that the mapping relationships indicated by the first four index numbers are several typical mapping relationship design methods, not the complete set in the table.

[0160] Pilot configuration based on a closed-loop feedback mechanism suffers from the problem of ineffective PAPR constraint control. In the process of pilot configuration based on a closed-loop feedback mechanism, simply increasing the pilot power to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) does not consider the PAPR limitation. For example, increasing the pilot power by 6dB may cause the PAPR to rise from 8dB to 12dB, exceeding the linear range of the power amplifier (typically PAPR ≤ 10dB is required), and causing nonlinear distortion.

[0161] To address the aforementioned issues, the pilot configuration method provided in this application stipulates that each pilot parameter in the mapping table satisfies the following condition: the PAPR of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value. In other words, each pilot parameter in the mapping table must satisfy the PAPR constraint condition.

[0162] The specified threshold value can be agreed upon by the network device and the terminal device, or it can be specified in the protocol. For example, the specified threshold value can be 10dB.

[0163] In this embodiment, the PAPR of the signal is optimized by superimposing the power of multiple pilot symbols through a pre-stored mapping table, controlling each pilot parameter to meet the PAPR constraint (i.e., the PAPR of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value). This utilizes the power amortization characteristics of multiple pilot symbols (e.g., increasing the number of pilots) to reduce the peak power of the signal, thereby controlling the PAPR of each pilot power within a safe range (e.g., ≤10dB), avoiding nonlinear distortion caused by excessively high power of a single pilot. During the mapping table design, the impact of different combinations of pilot quantity and power ratio on PAPR is pre-calculated to ensure that the output parameters always meet the linear range of the power amplifier. For example, in a scenario with a delay spread >10μs, if the power of a single pilot is 9dB, the signal PAPR may be as high as 12dB, exceeding the linear range of the power amplifier (usually ≤10dB), and nonlinear distortion will lead to signal distortion and demodulation failure. By increasing the number of pilots to amortize the power, the signal PAPR can be reduced to 8-10dB, avoiding nonlinear distortion. In summary, this design approach improves channel estimation accuracy while ensuring signal quality, significantly reduces the probability of power amplifier nonlinear distortion, and enhances system robustness.

[0164] In some embodiments, the pilot design table can expand the parameter dimensions according to the specific needs of the satellite-to-ground communication scenario. For example, the mapping table can add environmental parameters, which may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: rainfall attenuation parameters, atmospheric loss parameters, or terrain occlusion parameters.

[0165] If the mapping table also includes environmental parameters corresponding to multiple index numbers, the network device (or terminal device) can further perform the following steps to determine the first index number and the target pilot parameter: obtain the environmental parameters corresponding to the terminal device; and match the corresponding first index number and the target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number in the mapping table based on the environmental parameters and channel parameters. The environmental parameters include at least one of the following: rainfall attenuation parameter, atmospheric loss parameter, or terrain occlusion parameter.

[0166] In some embodiments, this mapping table can also be understood as a pre-stored multi-dimensional pilot design table. This mapping table has the following advantages:

[0167] (1) Multidimensional input: This mapping table will use the four key physical quantities that affect the satellite-to-ground channel—relative velocity, relative velocity angle, elevation angle, and time delay spread—as joint inputs to accurately characterize the complex channel environment.

[0168] (2) Cooperative output: The cooperative optimization combination of the two mutually constraining parameters, the number of pilots and the power ratio, is used as the pilot parameter, rather than a single parameter.

[0169] (3) Embedded constraints: The mapping table pre-sets the pilot parameters corresponding to each group of multi-dimensional channel input parameters. While ensuring the accuracy of channel estimation, it makes the pilot signal inherently satisfy the constraint that PAPR is lower than the power amplifier linear threshold. For example, when the total pilot power is too high, the mapping table will map it to a configuration that increases the number of pilots, and avoid PAPR exceeding the limit by multi-point low power allocation.

[0170] This method addresses the three major challenges of signaling overhead, PAPR constraints, and feedback delay in adaptive pilot adjustment during high-dynamic satellite-to-ground communication in the OTFS (Over-the-Air) system by constructing a pre-optimized and stored multi-dimensional pilot design table. It decouples the complex multi-dimensional channel parameter joint optimization problem, which requires real-time feedback and computation, into a simple "table lookup" operation. During the system design phase, based on the channel model, thorough simulation and calculation are performed to pre-optimize and solidify the mapping relationship between channel conditions (including relative velocity, relative velocity angle, elevation angle, delay spread, etc.) and suitable pilot parameters (pilot quantity, power ratio) into a multi-dimensional index table. Therefore, dynamic pilot adjustment does not rely on high-overhead, high-latency closed-loop feedback; it can be achieved solely through efficient, low-latency open-loop or semi-open-loop indication.

[0171] In some embodiments, weights can be set for each channel parameter, and the priority ranking result of multiple channel parameters can be determined based on the weights configured for each channel parameter; the effective parameter range of each channel parameter can be filtered step by step according to the priority ranking result; the pilot parameter corresponding to the effective parameter range of the multidimensional channel parameter in the mapping table can be determined according to the effective parameter space of each channel parameter and the mapping relationship between the parameter space of each channel parameter and the pilot parameter, and the pilot parameter can be verified and adjusted based on PAPR constraints.

[0172] Below, we will use the "weight of relative velocity" Weight of relative velocity angle Weight of elevation angle Weights of latency spread Taking "[example]" as an example, the process of determining each pilot parameter in the mapping table is illustrated. This process specifically includes the following steps:

[0173] Step 1: Obtain the relative speed between the terminal device and the network device (or the satellite carried by the network device). and determine the relative velocity. The relative velocity range in which it is located, and the relationship between the relative velocity range and pilot parameters (such as the number of pilots), determine the number of fundamental pilots. .

[0174] For example, the relationship between the relative velocity range and pilot parameters (such as the number of pilots) can satisfy the following formula:

[0175]

[0176] For example, if Based on the above formula, it can be determined that .

[0177] Step 2: Obtain the relative velocity angle between the terminal device and the network device (or the satellite carried by the network device). And determine the relative velocity angle. The relative velocity angle range in which it is located, and the relationship between the relative velocity angle range and pilot parameters (such as the number of pilots), are used to adjust the number of basic pilots. The updated pilot number is obtained. .

[0178] For example, the relationship between the relative velocity angle range and pilot parameters (such as the number of pilots) can satisfy the following formula:

[0179]

[0180] For example, if Based on the above formula, it can be determined that .

[0181] Step 3: Obtain the elevation angles of the terminal device and the network device (or the satellite carried by the network device). And determine the elevation angle The elevation angle range in which it is located, and the relationship between the elevation angle range and pilot parameters (such as the number of pilots), and adjust the number of pilots accordingly. The updated pilot number is obtained. .

[0182] For example, the relationship between the elevation angle range and pilot parameters (such as the number of pilots) can satisfy the following formula:

[0183]

[0184] For example, if Based on the above formula, it can be determined that .

[0185] Step 4: Obtain the latency spread between the terminal device and the network device (or the satellite carried by the network device). and determine the delay spread The initial power ratio (or "initial pilot relative power") is calculated based on the time delay spread interval and the relationship between the time delay spread interval and pilot parameters (such as power ratio). ,in, This represents the initial pilot symbol power.

[0186] For example, the relationship between the time delay spread interval and pilot parameters (such as power ratio) can satisfy the following formula:

[0187]

[0188] For example, if Based on the above formula, it can be determined that It is approximately 9.54 dB.

[0189] Below, regarding this Perform PAPR constraint verification and parameter adjustment.

[0190] Assume that the specified threshold value of PAPR (e.g., 10dB) corresponds to the power threshold. ,like The number of pilots can be increased to distribute the power of the unadjusted pilot symbols using the following formula.

[0191]

[0192]

[0193] in, This can represent the adjusted number of pilot signals; This represents the adjustment factor.

[0194] For example, in When it is approximately 9.54 dB, Taking 2 makes .

[0195] Step 5: Match the first index in the mapping table based on the relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, and latency spread between the terminal device and the network device.

[0196] For example, in the mapping table shown in Table 1, according to , , , The closest matching index number is 4. The pilot parameters are: 16 pilot symbols and a power ratio of 9dB between the power of the pilot symbols and the power of the data symbols.

[0197] It should be noted that the above calculation parameters are only illustrative of the process for determining the target pilot parameters. In practical applications, when determining the target pilot parameters by combining the index in the mapping table, if the index to be matched exceeds the valid range of the mapping table, the number of pilots corresponding to the valid index closest to that index is taken.

[0198] S202, The network device sends the first index number to the terminal device.

[0199] The first index number can be used by the terminal device to determine the target pilot parameters.

[0200] Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first index number sent by the network device, which is determined by the network device based on the channel parameters and mapping table corresponding to the terminal device.

[0201] S203. The terminal device determines the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table.

[0202] For example, if the first index number is 4, the terminal device can use this first index number to query the mapping table shown in Table 1 to obtain the target pilot parameters as follows: the number of pilots is 16, and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power is 9dB.

[0203] In some embodiments, the terminal device can also transmit OTFS pilot signals with the network device according to the target pilot parameters. OTFS is a time-delay-Doppler domain-based modulation technique that maps information symbols to the time-delay-Doppler domain (or "time-delay-Doppler resource grid").

[0204] Below, in conjunction with Figure 3 and Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the time-delay-Doppler domain resource mapping of OTFS pilot signals is provided.

[0205] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of time-delay-Doppler domain resource mapping for an OTFS pilot signal provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the Doppler domain, and the vertical axis represents the time delay domain. Black areas represent resource cells occupied by data symbols, shaded areas represent resource cells occupied by pilot signals, and blank areas represent guard intervals. Figure 3 There is one pilot signal in the indicated delay-Doppler domain resource.

[0206] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the time-delay-Doppler domain resource mapping for another OTFS pilot signal provided in an embodiment of this application. Compared to Figure 3 , Figure 4 There are two pilots in the time-delay-Doppler domain resources shown.

[0207] Optionally, in the time-delay-Doppler domain, the pilot distribution can be dynamically adjusted according to the channel characteristics (e.g., dense distribution in the Doppler domain + sparse distribution in the time-delay domain).

[0208] This method optimizes channel estimation performance by dynamically adjusting the pilot distribution in the delay-Doppler domain. For example, in scenarios with significant fractional Doppler effects (relative speed > 5 km / s, relative speed angle > 120°), pilots are densely distributed in the Doppler domain (e.g., pilot signals are inserted every two resource squares) and sparsely distributed in the delay domain (e.g., pilot signals are inserted every five resource squares) to cover the Doppler frequency offset variation region and reduce the impact of delay spread on channel estimation. Furthermore, in high-speed + large angle scenarios, if the pilot signals are uniformly distributed (equal intervals in the delay-Doppler domain), the Doppler frequency offset variation region may not be covered, leading to increased channel estimation error. By dynamically adjusting the pilot distribution, resources can be concentrated to cover key frequency offset regions, improving estimation accuracy. In addition, this method supports adaptive resource allocation under different channel conditions, further optimizing system performance and improving the robustness of channel estimation in highly dynamic scenarios, while reducing demodulation failure rate.

[0209] The pilot configuration method provided in this application achieves dynamic optimization and low-overhead configuration of pilot parameters by constructing a technical framework of "pre-stored multi-dimensional pilot design table + real-time parameter index matching + efficient uplink and downlink indication". This eliminates the need for terminal devices to periodically feed back multi-dimensional channel parameters, balancing channel estimation accuracy and PAPR constraints. Network devices and terminal devices can achieve dynamic optimization and low-overhead configuration of pilot parameters by transmitting index numbers. Compared to transmitting multiple channel parameters for pilot configuration, this method reduces signaling overhead during pilot configuration and pilot signal transmission, freeing up more data transmission resources. Furthermore, by establishing a precise mapping relationship between multi-dimensional channel parameters such as relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, and delay spread between the terminal device and network device and pilot parameters (quantity, power ratio), this method improves pilot adaptability in complex scenarios.

[0210] Below, in conjunction with Figure 5 The document provides a more detailed explanation of the pilot configuration process and pilot signal transmission process between network devices and terminal devices in the downlink.

[0211] Figure 5 The second flowchart illustrates the pilot configuration method provided in this application, which is executed interactively by the network device and the terminal device. Please refer to... Figure 5 The method may include the following steps:

[0212] S501. The network device determines the first index number and the target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table according to the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device.

[0213] The channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device may include, but are not limited to, at least two of the following parameters between the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread.

[0214] The target pilot parameters may include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

[0215] It should be noted that the contents of the mapping table in this step can be referred to the contents of the mapping table in step S201, and will not be repeated here.

[0216] In some embodiments, before performing step S501, the network device may measure the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain the channel parameters. The channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0217] In other words, network devices (such as satellite base stations) can obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal devices through their own measurements (such as estimating the relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, and delay parameters of the terminal devices based on historical communication data).

[0218] In some embodiments, before performing step S501, the network device may receive channel parameters sent by the terminal device. These channel parameters are obtained by the terminal device through channel measurement; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0219] Correspondingly, the terminal device can measure the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain the channel parameters; and send the channel parameters to the network device. The channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0220] In other words, the terminal device can report its measured channel parameters to the network device. The terminal device can report its measured channel parameters to the network device periodically or non-periodically. For example, the terminal device can send its measured channel parameters to the network device upon initial connection with the network device.

[0221] The terminal device can have two or more channel parameters. The network device can determine the valid parameter range corresponding to each channel parameter, and match the corresponding first index number and the target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number in the mapping based on the valid parameter ranges corresponding to multiple channel parameters.

[0222] S502, The network device sends the first index number to the terminal device.

[0223] In some embodiments, the network device may send downlink control signaling to the terminal device, the downlink control signaling being used to indicate a first index number.

[0224] Correspondingly, the terminal device can receive downlink control signaling sent by the network device, which is used to indicate the first index number.

[0225] Optionally, the downlink control signaling may carry (or "carry") a first index number; or, the downlink control signaling may carry (or "carry") index number indication information, which is used to indicate the first index number.

[0226] In some embodiments, the index number indication information may be in a compressed encoding form, for example, 2 bits to represent 4 index numbers, in order to further reduce signaling overhead.

[0227] For example, downlink control signaling may include, but is not limited to, Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) signaling.

[0228] In this method, the first index number can be transmitted through downlink control signaling, and only 2-3 bits are needed to complete the pilot configuration indication, which helps to reduce the signaling overhead in the pilot configuration process.

[0229] S503, the network device generates the first OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters.

[0230] The target pilot parameters conform to the PAPR constraint. Based on these target pilot parameters, a first OTFS pilot signal with low PAPR is generated (e.g., by optimizing PAPR through symbol superposition), and multiplexed with data symbols for transmission. This method reduces the resource consumption of pilot transmission while ensuring channel estimation accuracy.

[0231] It should be noted that steps S502 and S503 can be executed synchronously or in an alternate order. The execution order of steps S502 and S503 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0232] S504. The terminal device determines the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table.

[0233] It should be noted that the specific execution process of this step can be referred to the specific execution process of step S203, and will not be repeated here.

[0234] S505, The network device sends the first OTFS pilot signal to the terminal device.

[0235] Correspondingly, the terminal device can receive the first OTFS pilot signal sent by the network device according to the target pilot parameters.

[0236] The first OTFS pilot signal and data signal share transmission resources using a multiplexing method. The terminal device can separate and extract the first OTFS pilot signal from the multiplexed transmission signal based on the target pilot parameters.

[0237] S506. The terminal device performs channel estimation based on the first OTFS pilot signal and performs data demodulation processing.

[0238] The terminal device can compare the received first OTFS pilot signal with the preset pilot sequence stored locally, and inversely deduce the transmission characteristics of the channel (such as multipath delay, Doppler frequency shift, and channel gain) in the delay-Doppler domain to generate a channel estimation result. Using the above channel estimation result, the separated data symbols are distorted in the delay-Doppler domain (to offset the effects of multipath, Doppler, and channel attenuation), and then the demodulation and recovery of the data symbols are completed through OTFS demodulation mapping (such as converting from the delay-Doppler domain to the time-frequency domain / time domain).

[0239] The pilot configuration method provided in this application embodiment realizes a network device and terminal interaction process with extremely low signaling overhead: the network device only needs to send a first index number of 2-3 bits (extremely short length) to accurately instruct the terminal device to adopt complex multi-parameter pilot configuration, and the signaling overhead is reduced by orders of magnitude compared to transmitting multiple channel parameters (requiring tens to hundreds of bits).

[0240] Below, in conjunction with Figure 6 and Figure 7 The document provides a more detailed explanation of the pilot configuration process and pilot signal transmission process between network devices and terminal devices in the uplink.

[0241] Figure 6 The third flowchart illustrates the pilot configuration method provided in this application. This method is executed interactively by the network device and the terminal device. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 The method may include the following steps:

[0242] S601. The terminal device measures the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device.

[0243] Channels are used for communication between terminal devices and network devices.

[0244] Channel parameters may include, but are not limited to, at least two of the following parameters between the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread.

[0245] Optionally, the terminal device can measure the channel corresponding to the terminal device in real time, periodically or non-periodically to obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device.

[0246] S602. The terminal device determines the second index number based on the channel parameters and the mapping table.

[0247] It should be noted that the specific execution process of this step can be referred to in step S201, "the network device determines the first index number based on the mapping table according to the channel parameters," and will not be repeated here.

[0248] S603, The terminal device sends the second index number to the network device.

[0249] Correspondingly, the network device can receive the second index number sent by the terminal device. This second index number is determined by the terminal device based on the channel parameters and mapping table measured by the terminal device.

[0250] In some embodiments, the terminal device may send uplink control signaling to the network device, the uplink control signaling being used to indicate a first index number.

[0251] Correspondingly, the network device can receive uplink control signaling sent by the terminal device, which is used to indicate the second index number.

[0252] Optionally, the uplink control signaling may carry (or "carry") a second index number; or, the uplink control signaling may carry (or "carry") index number indication information, which is used to indicate the second index number.

[0253] In some embodiments, the index number indication information may be in a compressed encoding form, for example, 2 bits to represent 4 index numbers, in order to further reduce signaling overhead.

[0254] For example, uplink control signaling may include, but is not limited to, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) signaling.

[0255] In this method, the second index number can be transmitted through uplink control signaling, and only 2-3 bits are needed to complete the pilot configuration indication, which helps to reduce the signaling overhead in the pilot configuration process.

[0256] S604. The network device determines the initial pilot parameters indicated by the terminal device based on the second index number and the mapping table.

[0257] For example, with the second index number being 4, the network device can query the mapping table shown in Table 1 to obtain the initial pilot parameters as follows: the number of pilots is 16, and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power is 9dB.

[0258] S605. The network device determines the target pilot parameters according to the network device's pilot parameter configuration strategy and initial pilot parameters, and determines the first index number according to the target pilot parameters and the mapping table.

[0259] The second index number can be understood as the "suggested index number" reported by the terminal device to the network device. The network device can determine the final index number (i.e. the first index number mentioned above) by combining network load, network interference, etc., and notify the terminal device through downlink control signaling.

[0260] In some embodiments, the pilot parameter configuration strategy includes at least one of the following: a pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to the network load of the network device; a pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to the network interference information of the network device.

[0261] For example, the pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to network load can be used to indicate: dynamically adjust pilot parameters according to user density and traffic volume to achieve load balancing and resource optimization.

[0262] For example, the pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to network interference information can be used to indicate: neighboring cells use orthogonal or low-correlation pilot sequences to avoid pilot pollution; and different pilot resources are allocated according to user location and interference situation.

[0263] It is understandable that the first index number can be the same as the second index number, or the first index number can be different from the second index number.

[0264] Network devices can determine whether to use the second index number based on the second index number reported by the terminal device, combined with their own network load, network interference information, and other corresponding pilot parameter configuration policies. If the second index number is used, it is designated as the first index number; otherwise, a new index number is selected from the mapping table as the first index number.

[0265] For example, based on the second index number in the mapping table shown in Table 1, the initial pilot parameters are found to be: 16 pilots and a pilot symbol power to data symbol power ratio of 9dB. The network device determines that the number of pilots in these initial parameters is too large, potentially interfering with the signals of other terminal devices; or, considering load balancing, it is not advisable to configure too many pilots for this terminal device. In this case, the network device can determine the target pilot parameters to be: 4 pilots, a pilot symbol power to data symbol power ratio of 6dB, and a first index number of 3, while meeting the service requirements of this terminal device.

[0266] S606, The network device sends the first index number to the terminal device.

[0267] It should be noted that the specific execution process of this step can be referred to the specific execution process of step S502, and will not be repeated here.

[0268] S607. The terminal device generates a second OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters.

[0269] S608, The terminal device sends a second OTFS pilot signal to the network device.

[0270] Correspondingly, the network device can receive the second OTFS pilot signal sent by the terminal device according to the target pilot parameters.

[0271] The second OTFS pilot signal and data signal share transmission resources using a multiplexing method. Network devices can separate and extract the second OTFS pilot signal from the multiplexed transmission signals based on the target pilot parameters.

[0272] S609. The network device performs channel estimation based on the second OTFS pilot signal and performs data demodulation processing.

[0273] The network device can compare the received second OTFS pilot signal with the preset pilot sequence stored locally, and inversely deduce the transmission characteristics of the channel (such as multipath delay, Doppler frequency shift, and channel gain) in the delay-Doppler domain to generate a channel estimation result. Using the above channel estimation result, the separated data symbols are distorted in the delay-Doppler domain (to offset the effects of multipath, Doppler, and channel attenuation), and then the demodulation and recovery of the data symbols are completed through OTFS demodulation mapping (such as converting from the delay-Doppler domain to the time-frequency domain / time domain).

[0274] The pilot configuration method provided in this application achieves a network device and terminal interaction process with extremely low signaling overhead. The terminal device can match a second index number in a mapping table based on its measured channel parameters and its own needs, and report this second index number as its recommended index number to the network device. The network device can combine its own pilot parameter configuration strategy with the second index number to determine a first index number, and send the first index number to the terminal device. The terminal device can generate a second OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number, and send the second OTFS pilot signal to the network device. The network device can receive the second OTFS pilot signal according to the target pilot parameters. In the above process, the network device and the terminal device can negotiate based on a 2-3 bit index number (extremely short length) to determine which pilot configuration to use, which is beneficial for achieving efficient interaction between the network device and the terminal device and for reducing the signaling overhead in the pilot configuration process.

[0275] Figure 7 The fourth flowchart illustrates the pilot configuration method provided in this application, which is executed interactively by the network device and the terminal device. Please refer to... Figure 7 The method may include the following steps:

[0276] S701. The terminal device measures the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device.

[0277] Channels are used for communication between terminal devices and network devices.

[0278] Channel parameters may include, but are not limited to, at least two of the following parameters between the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread.

[0279] S702, The terminal device sends channel parameters to the network device.

[0280] Correspondingly, the network device can receive channel parameters sent by the terminal device. These channel parameters are obtained by the terminal device through channel measurement; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0281] S703. The network device determines the first index number and the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table according to the channel parameters.

[0282] It should be noted that the specific execution process of this step can be referred to the specific execution process of step S501, and will not be repeated here.

[0283] S704. The network device sends the first index number to the terminal device.

[0284] It should be noted that the specific execution process of this step can be referred to the specific execution process of step S502, and will not be repeated here.

[0285] S705. The terminal device determines the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table, and generates the second OTFS pilot signal according to the target pilot parameters.

[0286] S706, The terminal device sends a second OTFS pilot signal to the network device.

[0287] Correspondingly, the network device can receive the second OTFS pilot signal sent by the terminal device according to the target pilot parameters.

[0288] S707 The network device performs channel estimation based on the second OTFS pilot signal and performs data demodulation processing.

[0289] It should be noted that the specific execution process of steps S706 and S707 can be referred to the specific execution process of steps S608 and S609, and will not be repeated here.

[0290] The pilot configuration method provided in this application embodiment achieves a network device and terminal interaction process with extremely low signaling overhead. The terminal device can measure the channel parameters and send them to the network device. The network device can determine a first index number and the corresponding target pilot parameter based on a mapping table according to the channel parameters, and send the first index number to the terminal device. The terminal device can generate a second OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number and send the second OTFS pilot signal to the network device. The network device can receive the second OTFS pilot signal according to the target pilot parameter. In the above process, the network device can accurately instruct the terminal device to adopt a complex multi-parameter pilot configuration based on the channel parameters reported by the terminal device using a 2-3 bit first index number (extremely short length), reducing the signaling overhead by orders of magnitude compared to transmitting multiple channel parameters (requiring tens to hundreds of bits).

[0291] This application embodiment can also provide an OTFS pilot transmission device, which may include:

[0292] The table storage module is used to store the mapping table mentioned above. This mapping table can be stored as an array or a hash table, supporting fast indexing and matching.

[0293] The parameter indexing module is configured to obtain the channel parameters (such as real-time channel parameters) corresponding to the terminal device and perform a query and match in the mapping table to determine the corresponding first index number and target pilot parameters (or "pilot parameter set"). This parameter indexing module can map continuous parameter values ​​to predefined intervals (such as relative speed divided into <1km / s, 1-5km / s, and >5km / s), and progressively filter parameter intervals according to priority (such as relative speed > relative speed angle > elevation angle > time delay spread) to determine the first index number.

[0294] The signal generation module is configured to generate an OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters output by the parameter indexing module. This OTFS pilot signal includes a first OTFS pilot signal and a second OTFS pilot signal. This signal generation module can be used to increase the number of pilots to distribute power when the total pilot power demand exceeds a threshold; and to optimize the PAPR signal through power superposition of multiple pilot symbols.

[0295] The transceiver module is used to transmit the OTFS pilot signal generated by the signal generation module, and to send or receive index numbers in communication interactions, which may include a first index number and a second index number.

[0296] The pilot configuration method and OTFS pilot transmission device provided in this application embodiment can achieve the following advantages:

[0297] Reduce signaling overhead: Replacing multi-dimensional channel parameter transmission (which may require tens of bits) with index numbers (e.g., 2-3 bits) significantly reduces uplink signaling resource consumption. In highly dynamic scenarios, signaling overhead can be significantly reduced, freeing up more resources for data transmission.

[0298] Optimize PAPR performance: The pilot parameters in the mapping table all meet the PAPR constraints (e.g., ≤10dB), and PAPR is controlled by multi-pilot power sharing to avoid nonlinear distortion caused by excessive power of a single pilot. The signal PAPR is always lower than the linear range of the power amplifier.

[0299] Enhancing adaptability to complex scenarios: Pilot configuration is optimized by combining multi-dimensional channel parameters (relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, and delay spread) to adapt to complex channel conditions (such as high speed + large delay spread). In the "high speed + large delay spread" scenario, the channel estimation accuracy is significantly improved, which helps to reduce the demodulation failure rate.

[0300] In highly dynamic scenarios (such as high-speed trains or aircraft), the channel parameters of terminal devices change rapidly (e.g., relative speed changes exceeding 50 km / h per second). Feedback delays (10-20 ms) can cause a mismatch between the pilot parameters configured by the network equipment and the actual channel state of the terminal device, leading to demodulation failure. This pilot configuration method and OTFS pilot transmission device can also eliminate the pilot configuration lag problem caused by the feedback delay of the terminal device. Through real-time parameter range matching and index indication, the pilot parameter adjustment response time is shortened, which helps to improve the timeliness of parameter adaptation and thus improve the demodulation success rate in highly dynamic scenarios (such as aircraft movement).

[0301] In summary, in high-dynamic scenarios of space-to-ground communication, adopting the pilot configuration method and OTFS pilot transmission device provided in this application can improve the robustness of pilot configuration and reduce the demodulation failure rate. It can also reduce the signaling resource consumption during pilot configuration and pilot parameter transmission, freeing up more resources for data transmission and improving spectrum efficiency.

[0302] Figure 8 For a schematic diagram of a pilot configuration device provided in an embodiment of this application, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 8 The pilot configuration device 800 is used in terminal equipment and includes:

[0303] The transceiver module 801 is used to receive a first index number sent by the network device; the first index number is determined by the network device according to the channel parameters and mapping table corresponding to the terminal device; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value range of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number; the multiple index numbers include the first index number;

[0304] Processing module 802 is used to determine the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table.

[0305] In one possible implementation, the multiple channel parameters include at least two of the following parameters of the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread;

[0306] Pilot parameters include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

[0307] In one possible implementation, each pilot parameter in the mapping table satisfies the following condition: the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value.

[0308] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 801 is specifically used for:

[0309] Receive downlink control signaling sent by network devices; downlink control signaling is used to indicate the first index number.

[0310] In one possible implementation, after determining the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table...

[0311] The processing module 802 is also used to measure the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0312] The transceiver module 801 is also used to send channel parameters to network devices.

[0313] In one possible implementation, the processing module 802 is further configured to measure the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device; and a second index number is determined based on the mapping table according to the channel parameters.

[0314] The transceiver module 801 is also used to send a second index number to the network device.

[0315] In one possible implementation, after determining the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table...

[0316] The processing module 802 is also used to generate a second OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters;

[0317] The transceiver module 801 is also used to send a second OTFS pilot signal to the network device.

[0318] The pilot configuration device provided in this embodiment can execute the pilot configuration method executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described in detail here.

[0319] Figure 9 For a schematic diagram of another pilot configuration device provided in this application embodiment, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 9 The pilot configuration device 900 is used in network equipment and includes:

[0320] The processing module 901 is used to determine the first index number and the target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number based on the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device and a mapping table; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers and the value range of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number; the multiple index numbers include the first index number;

[0321] The transceiver module 902 is used to send a first index number to the terminal device; the first index number is used by the terminal device to determine the target pilot parameters.

[0322] In one possible implementation, the multiple channel parameters include at least two of the following parameters of the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread;

[0323] Pilot parameters include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

[0324] In one possible implementation, each pilot parameter in the mapping table satisfies the following condition: the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value.

[0325] In one possible implementation, the processing module 901 is further configured to measure the channel corresponding to the terminal device to obtain channel parameters; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0326] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 902 is further configured to receive channel parameters sent by the terminal device; the channel parameters are obtained by the terminal device measuring the channel; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

[0327] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 902 is further configured to send downlink control signaling to the terminal device; the downlink control signaling is used to indicate the first index number.

[0328] In one possible implementation, the processing module 901 is further configured to generate a first OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters;

[0329] The transceiver module 902 is also used to send the first OTFS pilot signal to the terminal device.

[0330] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 902 is further configured to receive a second index number sent by the terminal device; the second index number is determined by the terminal device based on the channel parameters and mapping table measured by the terminal device.

[0331] The processing module 901 is further configured to determine the initial pilot parameters indicated by the terminal device according to the second index number and the mapping table; determine the target pilot parameters according to the pilot parameter configuration strategy of the network device and the initial pilot parameters; and determine the first index number according to the target pilot parameters and the mapping table.

[0332] In one possible implementation, the pilot parameter configuration strategy includes at least one of the following:

[0333] Pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to network load of network devices;

[0334] Pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to network interference information of network devices.

[0335] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 902 is further configured to receive a second OTFS pilot signal sent by the terminal device according to the target pilot parameters.

[0336] The pilot configuration device provided in this embodiment can execute the pilot configuration method executed by the network device in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described in detail here.

[0337] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal device provided in this application. Figure 10 As shown, the terminal device 101 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 1011 and a memory 1012. Optionally, the terminal device 101 further includes a transceiver 1013. The processor 1011, memory 1012, and transceiver 1013 are connected via a bus 1014.

[0338] In a specific implementation, at least one processor 1011 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 1012, causing at least one processor 1011 to execute the method executed by the aforementioned terminal device.

[0339] The specific implementation process of processor 1011 can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar. It will not be repeated here.

[0340] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the network device provided in this application. Figure 10As shown, the network device 102 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 1021 and a memory 1022. Optionally, the network device 102 further includes a transceiver 1023. The processor 1021, memory 1022, and transceiver 1023 are connected via a bus 1024.

[0341] In a specific implementation, at least one processor 1021 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 1022, causing at least one processor 1021 to execute the method performed by the aforementioned network device.

[0342] The specific implementation process of processor 1021 can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar. It will not be repeated here.

[0343] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0344] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0345] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0346] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0347] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0348] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0349] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0350] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0351] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0352] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0353] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0354] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0355] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pilot configuration method, characterized in that, When applied in a terminal device, the method includes: The network device receives a first index number sent by the network device; the first index number is determined by the network device based on the channel parameters and mapping table corresponding to the terminal device; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value range of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number; the multiple index numbers include the first index number. The target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number are determined based on the mapping table.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of channel parameters include at least two of the following parameters between the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread; The pilot parameters include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each pilot parameter in the mapping table satisfies the following condition: the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first index number sent by the receiving network device includes: Receive downlink control signaling sent by the network device; the downlink control signaling is used to indicate the first index number.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After determining the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table, the method further includes: Based on the target pilot parameters, the first orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) pilot signal sent by the network device is received.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before receiving the first index number sent by the network device, the method further includes: The channel corresponding to the terminal device is measured to obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device. Send the channel parameters to the network device.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The channel corresponding to the terminal device is measured to obtain the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device. The second index number is determined based on the channel parameters and the mapping table. Send the second index number to the network device.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, After determining the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table, the method further includes: Generate a second OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters; The second OTFS pilot signal is sent to the network device.

9. A pilot configuration method, characterized in that, When applied in network devices, the method includes: Based on the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device, a first index number and the target pilot parameter corresponding to the first index number are determined based on a mapping table; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value range of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number; the multiple index numbers include the first index number; The first index number is sent to the terminal device; the first index number is used by the terminal device to determine the target pilot parameters.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The plurality of channel parameters include at least two of the following parameters between the terminal device and the network device: relative speed, relative speed angle, elevation angle, or delay spread; The pilot parameters include the number of pilots and the power ratio of pilot symbol power to data symbol power.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, Each pilot parameter in the mapping table satisfies the following condition: the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the pilot signal generated based on each pilot parameter is less than or equal to a specified threshold value.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that, The method further includes: The channel corresponding to the terminal device is measured to obtain the channel parameters; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

13. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal device receives the channel parameters sent by the terminal device; the channel parameters are obtained by the terminal device through channel measurement; the channel is used for communication between the terminal device and the network device.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that, Sending the first index number to the terminal device includes: Send downlink control signaling to the terminal device; the downlink control signaling is used to indicate the first index number.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: Generate a first OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters; The first OTFS pilot signal is sent to the terminal device.

16. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal device receives a second index number sent by the terminal device; the second index number is determined by the terminal device based on the channel parameters measured by the terminal device and the mapping table. The initial pilot parameters indicated by the terminal device are determined based on the second index number and the mapping table; Based on the pilot parameter configuration strategy of the network device and the initial pilot parameters, the target pilot parameters are determined, and based on the target pilot parameters and the mapping table, the first index number is determined.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The pilot parameter configuration strategy includes at least one of the following: The pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to the network load of the network device; The pilot parameter configuration strategy corresponding to the network interference information of the network device.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13, 16, or 17, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal device receives the second OTFS pilot signal based on the target pilot parameters.

19. A pilot configuration device, characterized in that, Applied in terminal devices, including: A transceiver module is used to receive a first index number sent by a network device; the first index number is determined by the network device according to the channel parameters and mapping table corresponding to the terminal device; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers, as well as the value range of multiple channel parameters and pilot parameters corresponding to each index number; the multiple index numbers include the first index number; The processing module is used to determine the target pilot parameters corresponding to the first index number based on the mapping table.

20. A pilot configuration device, characterized in that, Applied in network devices, including: The processing module is configured to determine, based on the channel parameters corresponding to the terminal device and a mapping table, a target pilot parameter and a first index number corresponding to the target pilot parameter; the mapping table is used to associate multiple index numbers and the value ranges of multiple channel parameters corresponding to each index number and the pilot parameter; the multiple index numbers include the first index number; The transceiver module is used to send the first index number to the terminal device.

21. A terminal device, characterized in that, include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

22. A network device, characterized in that, include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 9-18.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-8 or any one of claims 9-18.

24. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1-8 or any one of claims 9-18.

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