Preparation method of coal gangue-based heavy oil cracking catalyst

By utilizing a coal gangue-based heavy oil cracking catalyst preparation method and employing in-situ carbonization soft template technology and rare earth ion exchange modification, the problems of high cost and insufficient thermal stability of existing heavy oil catalysts have been solved, achieving efficient heavy oil cracking and solid waste resource utilization.

CN122298480APending Publication Date: 2026-06-30ANPEAK SPECIALTY MINERALS CO LTD
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
ANPEAK SPECIALTY MINERALS CO LTD
Filing Date
2026-01-21
Publication Date
2026-06-30

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing heavy oil catalysts rely on high-purity silicon-aluminum materials and rare earth resources, which are costly, have insufficient thermal stability, and suffer from severe carbon buildup, making it difficult to meet the needs of heavy oil cracking.

Method used

A coal gangue-based heavy oil cracking catalyst was prepared by using in-situ carbonization soft template technology and precise process control of biomass sugars to produce a catalyst with a mesoporous-microporous composite pore structure. Combined with rare earth ion exchange modification, the catalyst's anti-coking performance and anti-metal contamination ability were improved.

Benefits of technology

It significantly reduces preparation costs, realizes the resource utilization of solid waste, and the catalyst has a high specific surface area, excellent anti-coking performance and anti-metal contamination ability, which improves the efficiency of heavy oil cracking and product selectivity, and extends the catalyst life.

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Abstract

This invention discloses a coal gangue-based heavy oil cracking catalyst and its preparation method, belonging to the field of petrochemical catalyst technology. The specific steps are as follows: S1, the coal gangue raw material is crushed and then acid-washed using an inorganic acid solution. It is then washed with water until neutral and dried to obtain pretreated coal gangue powder; S2, the coal gangue powder is mixed with biomass sugars, specifically glucose, lignin, and fructose, in a specific ratio, where the biomass sugars are a composite carbon source of glucose, lignin, and fructose; S3, the mixture is calcined at 400–800℃ for 4–10 hours to allow the biomass sugars to carbonize in situ, forming a soft template; S4, the calcined product is washed with water to remove residual templates and impurities, yielding a coal gangue-based molecular sieve material with a mesoporous structure. This invention utilizes coal gangue solid waste for high-value processing, employing a green and low-cost process, and is suitable for heavy oil catalytic cracking, residual oil conversion, and hydrocarbon reforming reactions.
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