A laser cutting machine for processing iron castings

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting technology and relates to a laser cutting machine for processing iron castings. The invention includes a worktable, a laser cutter, and positioning units. The laser cutter is positioned above the worktable. Two sliding plates are movably mounted on the worktable, and each sliding plate is equipped with a positioning unit. Each positioning unit includes a clamping plate, a sprocket, a chain, a rack, and a gear. The chain passes over the two sprockets and is elastically slidably mounted on the clamping plates at both ends, allowing the chain to naturally bend and conform to the outer circumference of the cylindrical cast iron part when it approaches the workpiece. Regardless of the workpiece diameter, the chain can cover the workpiece without changing clamps or manual adjustments, significantly improving applicability and automation. Furthermore, the rack in one positioning unit gradually meshes with the gear in the other positioning unit, further tightening the chain to achieve stable clamping of the workpiece and ensure cutting accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting technology and relates to a laser cutting machine for processing iron castings. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting utilizes a focused, high-power-density laser beam to irradiate a workpiece, causing the irradiated material to rapidly melt, vaporize, ablate, or reach its ignition point. Simultaneously, a high-speed airflow coaxial with the laser beam blows away the molten material, thereby cutting the workpiece. Laser cutting technology has been widely used in the field of metal cutting.

[0003] A multi-angle adjustable laser cutting machine is disclosed in patent publication number CN120839330A, which includes a base, a motor, a screw rod, a limiting rod, a welding mechanism, and a clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism uses a bidirectional screw to drive two clamping platforms to converge. Each clamping platform is equipped with a triangular clamp and a return spring. Simultaneously, a connecting rod drives a fixing ring to fix the workpiece on both sides. The welding mechanism uses an inner ring block that slides and rotates within a fixed circular groove, driving the laser head to achieve multi-angle cutting. However, this solution has the following shortcomings in practical use: although the combination of the triangular clamp and the fixing ring can clamp workpieces of different diameters, for workpieces with larger diameters, the fixing ring is difficult to fit well with the circumferential surface, resulting in decreased clamping stability and affecting the stability during cutting.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a laser cutting machine for processing iron castings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a laser cutting machine for processing iron castings.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A laser cutting machine for processing iron castings includes a worktable, a laser cutter, and a positioning unit, wherein the laser cutter is disposed above the worktable; two sliding plates are movably disposed on the worktable, and each sliding plate is provided with a positioning unit; each positioning unit includes: Two clamping plates are elastically slidable along the length of the sliding plate; a sprocket is rotatably mounted at the end of each clamping plate; A chain, which wraps around the outside of two sprockets and whose two ends are elastically slidably mounted on two clamps; A rack is fixedly connected to the clamp plate; The gear is fixedly connected to the sprocket; As the two positioning units gradually approach each other, the chain wraps around the workpiece, and the rack meshes with the gear in the other positioning unit.

[0007] Furthermore, a roller is rotatably mounted on the end of the clamping plate, and the roller is coaxially arranged with the sprocket.

[0008] Furthermore, the diameter of the roller is greater than the width of the clamping plate.

[0009] Furthermore, each clamp plate has two rollers rotatably mounted at its end.

[0010] Furthermore, a first groove is provided on the sliding plate, the clamping plate is slidably disposed in the first groove, and a first spring is fixedly connected between the clamping plate and the end wall of the first groove.

[0011] Furthermore, a second sliding groove is provided on the clamping plate, and a second slider is connected to the end of the chain. The second slider is slidably disposed in the second sliding groove, and a second spring is fixedly connected between the end walls of the second slider and the second sliding groove.

[0012] Furthermore, a limit rod is fixedly installed on the worktable, the sliding plate passes through the limit rod, and a lead screw that drives the sliding plate to move along the limit rod is rotatably installed on the worktable.

[0013] Furthermore, a motor for driving the lead screw to rotate is fixedly installed on the worktable.

[0014] Furthermore, a mounting frame is fixedly installed above the workbench, an electric telescopic rod is installed on the top of the mounting frame, a rotating seat is installed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod, a rotating frame is rotatably installed on the rotating seat, and the laser cutter is installed on the rotating frame.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The chain, which loops around two sprockets and is elastically slidably mounted on the clamping plate at both ends, allows the chain to naturally bend and conform to the outer circumference of the cylindrical cast iron part when it approaches the workpiece. Regardless of the workpiece diameter, the chain can wrap around the workpiece without changing the clamps or manual adjustment, significantly improving applicability and automation.

[0016] 2. After the chain wraps around the workpiece, as the sliding plate continues to move, the rack in one positioning unit meshes with the gear in another positioning unit. The rack pushes the gear to rotate outward, further tightening the chain through the sprocket. This significantly enhances the chain's wrapping force on the workpiece, achieving stable clamping of the workpiece and effectively preventing workpiece displacement or vibration during the cutting process, thus ensuring cutting accuracy.

[0017] 3. When the two positioning units move synchronously towards the center, the rollers contact the workpiece surface. Under the reaction force of the workpiece, the clamping plate is pushed to compress the first spring, generating an elastic clamping force. The chains on both sides and the rollers work together to automatically push the workpiece to the center of the worktable, ensuring that the workpiece axis is coaxial with the rotation center of the laser cutter, thereby avoiding cutting errors caused by workpiece placement deviations and ensuring the accuracy of circumferential cutting. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 In this invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 3 In this invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of part B; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating frame in this invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the workbench in this invention; Figure 6 In this invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of part C; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding plate in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second slider in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gear structure in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Mounting frame; 3. Electric telescopic rod; 4. Rotating seat; 5. Rotating frame; 6. Laser cutter; 7. Motor; 8. Lead screw; 9. Sliding plate; 10. Limiting rod; 11. First slide groove; 12. First slider; 13. First spring; 14. Clamping plate; 15. Roller; 16. Rotating shaft; 17. Gear; 18. Sprocket; 19. Chain; 20. Second slider; 21. Second slide groove; 22. Second spring; 23. Rack. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figures 1-9As shown, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A laser cutting machine for processing iron castings includes a worktable 1, a laser cutter 6, and a positioning unit. The laser cutter 6 is disposed above the worktable 1.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a mounting frame 2 is fixedly installed above the worktable 1. The mounting frame 2 is inverted L-shaped. An electric telescopic rod 3 is installed on the top of the mounting frame 2. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 3 extends vertically downwards, and a rotating base 4 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 3. A rotating frame 5 is rotatably installed on the output end of the rotating base 4. The rotating frame 5 is inverted L-shaped. A rotary motor that drives the rotating frame 5 to rotate is installed inside the rotating base 4. A laser cutter 6 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating frame 5. The height of the laser cutter 6 can be adjusted by the electric telescopic rod 3, and the rotating frame 5 and the laser cutter 6 can be driven to rotate by the rotating base 4, thereby performing circumferential cutting on the workpiece.

[0023] Two sliding plates 9 are movable on the worktable 1, and each sliding plate 9 is equipped with a positioning unit. The two sliding plates 9 can move along the transverse direction of the worktable 1 (i.e., Figure 1 (In the left and right directions) move towards or away from each other.

[0024] Each positioning unit includes two clamping plates 14, two sprockets 18, a chain 19, a rack 23, and a gear 17. The two clamping plates 14 are elastically slidable on the sliding plate 9 along its length. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, a first groove 11 is provided on the sliding plate 9, and a first slider 12 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 14. The first slider 12 is slidably disposed in the first groove 11, and a first spring 13 is fixedly connected between the end walls of the first slider 12 and the first groove 11. In the initial state, the first spring 13 is in its natural length or slightly compressed state. When the clamping plate 14 is subjected to an outward force, it will compress the first spring 13, and the distance between the two clamping plates 14 will increase.

[0025] In the same positioning unit, a rotating shaft 16 is rotatably mounted at the end of each clamping plate 14, i.e. the end away from the sliding plate 9, and a sprocket 18 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 16. A chain 19 passes around the outside of the two sprockets 18, that is, the chain 19 is U-shaped or C-shaped and surrounds the outside of the two sprockets 18, and the two ends of the chain 19 are elastically slidably set on the two clamping plates 14 respectively.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a second groove 21 is provided on the clamping plate 14. A second slider 20 is fixedly connected to the end of the chain 19. The second slider 20 is slidably disposed in the corresponding second groove 21, and a second spring 22 is fixedly connected to the second slider 20. The other end of the second spring 22 is fixedly connected to the end wall of the second groove 21. In this way, the chain 19 can be kept taut under the pulling force of the second spring 22 and can adapt to the changes in the state of the chain 19 when covering the workpiece.

[0027] Each clamping plate 14 is also fixedly connected to a rack 23, which extends along the length of the clamping plate 14 and reaches the outer side of the clamping plate 14. The tooth surface of the rack 23 faces inward. A gear 17 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 16. As the two positioning units gradually approach each other, the chain 19 first contacts and wraps around the outer circumference of the workpiece. Subsequently, the rack 23 in one positioning unit meshes with the gear 17 in the other positioning unit. Then, as the two positioning units approach each other further, the gear 17 rotates under the action of the rack 23, which in turn rotates the rotating shaft 16 and the sprocket 18, thereby further tensioning the chain 19 and making the chain 19 wrap more tightly around the workpiece. At the same time, due to the meshing action of the rack 23 and the gear 17, the chain 19 wrapped around the workpiece is prevented from loosening.

[0028] When the two positioning units are close to each other, in order to avoid interference between the movement of the two racks 23, the two racks 23 are arranged at different heights.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, rollers 15 are rotatably mounted on the ends of clamping plates 14, and the rollers 15 are coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 16. The diameter of the rollers 15 is larger than the width of the clamping plates 14. Furthermore, two rollers 15 are rotatably mounted on the ends of each clamping plate 14, with the two rollers 15 located on opposite sides of the sprocket 18. The rollers 15 are used to contact the workpiece surface during clamping, providing support and centering.

[0030] In this embodiment, the specific structure for driving the two sliding plates 9 to move towards or away from each other is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a limiting rod 10 extending laterally is fixedly installed on the worktable 1. A sliding plate 9 is slidably sleeved on the limiting rod 10, which serves as a guide. A lead screw 8 is also rotatably installed on the worktable 1, parallel to the limiting rod 10. The two ends of the lead screw 8 are respectively provided with external threads in opposite directions, and the two sliding plates 9 are threadedly connected to the two ends of the lead screw 8. A motor 7 is fixedly installed on the worktable 1, and the output shaft of the motor 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 8. When the motor 7 starts, the lead screw 8 rotates, driving the two sliding plates 9 to move synchronously towards or away from each other along the limiting rod 10, thereby causing the two positioning units to move closer or further apart.

[0031] Working principle: Taking the processing of cylindrical iron castings as an example, in the initial state, the two sliding plates 9 are in a position far apart from each other. The cylindrical iron casting is placed vertically in the central area of ​​the worktable 1, and then the motor 7 is started. The motor 7 drives the lead screw 8 to rotate, so that the two sliding plates 9 move synchronously towards the center.

[0032] The sliding plate 9 moves its positioning units closer to the workpiece, i.e., the cylindrical cast iron part. First, the rollers 15 and chains 19 in each positioning unit contact the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece. Since the chain 19 passes over two sprockets 18 and is elastically tensioned at both ends by the second springs 22, it naturally bends and conforms to the workpiece's curved outer surface after being subjected to the workpiece's reaction force. At this time, the sprockets 18 can rotate freely, allowing the chain 19 to move smoothly between the two clamping plates 14. Simultaneously, the chain 19 pulls the second slider 20 forward, stretching the second spring 22. The reaction force of the second spring 22 keeps the chain 19 taut and provides clamping force to the workpiece.

[0033] Simultaneously, the roller 15, under the reaction force of the workpiece surface, pushes the clamping plate 14 outward, compressing the first spring 13. The elastic force of the first spring 13, in turn, causes the roller 15 to apply an elastic clamping force to the workpiece and push the workpiece towards the center. The chains 19 and rollers 15 of the two positioning units work together to automatically adjust the workpiece to a position coaxial with the rotating seat 4.

[0034] Subsequently, as the sliding plate 9 continues to move, the chain 19 tightens its grip on the workpiece. The rack 23 at the end of each clamping plate 14 gradually approaches the gear 17 in the opposite positioning unit. When the rack 23 contacts the corresponding gear 17, the chain 19 cannot continue moving between the two clamping plates 14 due to the rack 23's limiting effect. The rack 23 then pushes the gear 17 to rotate outwards, causing the coaxial sprocket 18 to rotate synchronously. The sprocket 18 pulls the chain 19 outwards, further increasing the tension on the chain 19. This significantly improves the chain 19's gripping force and stability on the outer circumference of the workpiece, ensuring stable cutting operations.

[0035] Through the cooperation of roller 15, chain 19 and clamping plate 14, it can automatically adapt to workpieces with different outer diameters and stably clamp workpieces with different outer diameters.

[0036] After clamping is complete, the electric telescopic rod 3 is activated, pushing the rotating base 4 and rotating frame 5 downwards, so that the laser cutter 6 is aligned with the workpiece to be cut. Then the laser cutter 6 is activated, and the rotating base 4 drives the rotating frame 5 to rotate, causing the laser cutter 6 to move in a circular motion around the workpiece, achieving precise circumferential cutting.

[0037] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting machine for processing iron castings, characterized in that: The system includes a worktable (1), a laser cutter (6), and a positioning unit. The laser cutter (6) is positioned above the worktable (1). Two sliding plates (9) are movably mounted on the worktable (1), and each sliding plate (9) is equipped with a positioning unit. Each positioning unit includes: Two clamping plates (14) are elastically slidably disposed along the length direction of the sliding plate (9); each clamping plate (14) has a sprocket (18) rotatably mounted at its end. A chain (19) passes around the outside of two sprockets (18), and the two ends of the chain (19) are elastically slidably mounted on two clamps (14); The rack (23) is fixedly connected to the clamp (14); Gear (17) is fixedly connected to the sprocket (18); As the two positioning units gradually approach each other, the chain (19) wraps around the workpiece, and the rack (23) meshes with the gear (17) in the other positioning unit.

2. A laser cutting machine for processing iron castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the clamp (14) is rotatably mounted with a roller (15), which is coaxially arranged with the sprocket (18).

3. A laser cutting machine for machining iron castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the roller (15) is greater than the width of the clamp (14).

4. A laser cutting machine for machining iron castings as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: Two rollers (15) are rotatably mounted at the end of each clamp (14).

5. A laser cutting machine for processing iron castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding plate (9) has a first sliding groove (11), the clamping plate (14) is slidably disposed in the first sliding groove (11), and a first spring (13) is fixedly connected between the end wall of the clamping plate (14) and the first sliding groove (11).

6. A laser cutting machine for machining of ferrous castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp (14) is provided with a second slide groove (21), and the end of the chain (19) is connected to a second slider (20). The second slider (20) is slidably disposed in the second slide groove (21), and a second spring (22) is fixedly connected between the end wall of the second slider (20) and the second slide groove (21).

7. A laser cutting machine for machining of ferrous castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit rod (10) is fixedly installed on the workbench (1), and a sliding plate (9) passes through the limit rod (10). A lead screw (8) is rotatably installed on the workbench (1) to drive the sliding plate (9) to move along the limit rod (10).

8. A laser cutting machine for machining iron castings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The workbench (1) is fixedly equipped with a motor (7) that drives the lead screw (8) to rotate.

9. A laser cutting machine for machining of ferrous castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting frame (2) is fixedly installed above the workbench (1). An electric telescopic rod (3) is installed on the top of the mounting frame (2). A rotating seat (4) is installed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (3). A rotating frame (5) is rotatably installed on the rotating seat (4). The laser cutter (6) is installed on the rotating frame (5).

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