Ballastless track track row pose fine adjustment device and fine adjustment method

Abstract

This invention discloses a fine-tuning device and method for the position and attitude of ballastless track panels, belonging to the field of ballastless track construction equipment technology. The fine-tuning device includes a position and attitude adjustment frame, on which, from top to bottom, are arranged a three-dimensional plane adjustment mechanism, a fine-tuning frame, an attitude correction rotation mechanism, and a track panel hoisting frame. The three-dimensional plane adjustment mechanism includes longitudinal and lateral sliding mechanisms and a lifting adjustment mechanism, realizing multi-directional displacement, elevation, and superelevation adjustment of the track panel. The attitude correction rotation mechanism realizes planar rotational correction of the track panel. The track panel hoisting frame is equipped with a self-locking rail gripping mechanism. The top of the fine-tuning frame has a composite hinge structure and an L-shaped limiting plate. The fine-tuning method includes coarse adjustment, linked fine adjustment, superelevation adjustment, rotational correction, and pouring locking steps. This invention's layered layout avoids interference, achieves full-dimensional coordinated adjustment, stabilizes the track panel geometric error at the millimeter level, improves accuracy and efficiency, provides high track panel attitude stability, ensures overall equipment reliability, and has a wide range of applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ballastless track construction equipment technology, and in particular to a ballastless track track panel position and posture fine-tuning device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Ballastless track, characterized by high smoothness, high stability, and low maintenance, has been widely used in high-speed railways and urban rail transit. The track panel is assembled from rails, fasteners, sleepers, or track slabs to form an integral structure. Its spatial orientation adjustment, alignment maintenance, and concrete pouring are the core processes in ballastless track construction. The three-dimensional orientation parameters of the track panel must be precisely positioned before concrete pouring, directly determining the track alignment, gauge, elevation, and centerline accuracy. This is a crucial factor in determining the overall smoothness and stability of the line.

[0003] Currently, most track panel construction and adjustment equipment only has the ability to adjust displacement in a single direction, and cannot achieve coordinated adjustment of longitudinal, lateral, and elevation directions. Furthermore, it lacks planar rotation correction capabilities. When angular deviations occur in the track panel, it is difficult to effectively correct residual errors from coarse adjustments, still requiring manual alignment. This results in long adjustment cycles, low positioning accuracy, and difficulty in consistently controlling adjustment precision and construction quality. Consequently, it fails to meet the high-precision, high-efficiency, and high-reliability construction requirements of modern track systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fine-tuning device and method for the position and posture of ballastless track panels, which solves the problems of insufficient adjustment dimensions, difficulty in rotational correction, and difficulty in stable control of track panel accuracy and construction quality, thus failing to meet the requirements of track construction.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A ballastless track panel position and attitude fine-tuning device includes a position and attitude adjustment frame. From top to bottom, the position and attitude adjustment frame is equipped with a three-dimensional planar adjustment mechanism, a fine-tuning frame, an attitude correction rotation mechanism, and a track panel hoisting frame. The three-dimensional planar adjustment mechanism includes a longitudinal sliding mechanism, a lateral sliding mechanism, and a lifting adjustment mechanism. The longitudinal sliding mechanism is mounted on the position and attitude adjustment frame and can move longitudinally. The lateral sliding mechanism is mounted on the longitudinal sliding mechanism and can move synchronously laterally. The lifting adjustment mechanism is mounted on the lateral sliding mechanism, and its lower end is connected to the fine-tuning frame. The longitudinal sliding mechanism is used to adjust the longitudinal displacement of the track panel, the lateral sliding mechanism is used to adjust the lateral displacement of the track panel, and the lifting adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the elevation and superelevation of the track panel. The attitude correction rotation mechanism is located between the fine-tuning frame and the track panel hoisting frame and is used to achieve planar rotational correction of the track panel.

[0006] Furthermore, the rail panel hoisting frame is symmetrically arranged with multiple self-locking rail gripping mechanisms along its length. Each self-locking rail gripping mechanism includes a vertically continuous box frame, a mounting frame, a rail gripping drive cylinder, an inverted U-shaped sliding frame, and a pair of symmetrically arranged grippers. The side walls of the box frame are detachably connected to the rail panel hoisting frame. The mounting frame is fixed to the upper end of the box frame and has the rail gripping drive cylinder installed on it. The piston end of the rail gripping drive cylinder is connected to the inverted U-shaped sliding frame. The two side plates of the inverted U-shaped sliding frame are symmetrically provided with inclined guide grooves that slope inward from top to bottom. The middle part of the gripper is hinged to the box frame. The upper part of the gripper is provided with a horizontal sliding pin. The sliding pin extends horizontally into the inclined guide groove on the corresponding side and slides in cooperation with the inclined guide groove.

[0007] Furthermore, there are two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms. The two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms are spaced apart on the posture adjustment frame and are linked together by a longitudinal drive mechanism. The longitudinal sliding mechanism includes a longitudinal fixed plate, a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal slider, and a longitudinal sliding plate. The longitudinal fixed plate is fixed to the posture adjustment frame at even intervals along the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal guide rail is fixedly installed on the longitudinal fixed plate. The longitudinal slider is fixedly installed at the lower end of the longitudinal sliding plate and slides in cooperation with the longitudinal guide rail.

[0008] Furthermore, the longitudinal drive mechanism includes a longitudinal connecting rod, a longitudinal drive cylinder, and a longitudinal mounting plate. The longitudinal drive cylinder is located between the two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms and is fixed on the longitudinal central axis of the posture adjustment frame through the longitudinal mounting plate. There are two longitudinal connecting rods, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the longitudinal drive cylinder. The two ends of the longitudinal connecting rods are respectively fixedly connected to the two sets of longitudinal sliding plates.

[0009] Furthermore, the lateral sliding mechanism includes two sets of lateral guide rails, a lateral slider, a lateral sliding plate, and a lateral drive cylinder. The two sets of lateral guide rails are parallel to each other and fixed on the longitudinal sliding plate. A strip-shaped clearance hole is provided on the longitudinal sliding plate between the two sets of lateral guide rails. The lateral slider is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lateral sliding plate and slides in cooperation with the lateral guide rails. The lateral drive cylinder is provided on the longitudinal sliding plate on the extension line of the strip-shaped clearance hole, and the piston end of the lateral drive cylinder is connected to the lateral sliding plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the lifting adjustment mechanism includes lifting drive cylinders symmetrically mounted on the transverse sliding plate, with the piston end of the lifting drive cylinder passing downward through the strip-shaped clearance hole and connected to the fine adjustment frame.

[0011] Furthermore, a lifting plate is detachably installed on the top of the fine-tuning frame. The lifting plate is provided with a first hinge ear and a second hinge ear at intervals. The piston end of the lifting drive cylinder is provided with a third hinge ear. The line connecting the first hinge ear and the second hinge ear is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fine-tuning frame. The first hinge ear is hinged to the third hinge ear on the corresponding side. The second hinge ear is hinged to a transition lug. The upper end of the transition lug is hinged to the third hinge ear on the corresponding side. The lifting plate is provided with an L-shaped limiting plate adapted to the transition lug. The vertical part of the L-shaped limiting plate is provided with a limiting groove adapted to the transition lug. The upper port diameter of the limiting groove gradually increases from the inside to the outside. The horizontal part of the L-shaped limiting plate is detachably connected to the lifting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the attitude correction rotation mechanism includes a slewing bearing, two sets of correction drive cylinders, and limiting support components. The fine adjustment frame and the rail panel hoisting frame are coaxially rotatably connected through the slewing bearing. The front and rear ends of the fine adjustment frame and the rail panel hoisting frame are respectively provided with mutually cooperating limiting support components. The front and rear ends of the fine adjustment frame are hingedly mounted with correction drive cylinders. The longitudinal center line of the rail panel hoisting frame is provided with a mating seat adapted to the correction drive cylinder. The mating seat is provided with a fourth hinge lug, which is hinged to the piston end of the correction drive cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting support includes an upper mounting plate, a lower mounting plate, a support arm, a support roller, and limiting reinforcing ribs. The lower mounting plate is bolted to the top of the rail panel hoisting frame. The support arm is vertically mounted on the lower mounting plate. The support roller is rotatably mounted on the upper side wall of the support arm. The upper mounting plate is bolted to the side wall of the fine adjustment frame. A wedge-shaped guide plate adapted to the support roller is horizontally provided at the lower end of the upper mounting plate. The limiting reinforcing ribs are located at both ends of the wedge-shaped guide plate.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for fine-tuning the position and attitude of ballastless track panels using the above-mentioned fine-tuning device, comprising the following steps: S1. After hoisting the rail panel, the fine adjustment device is transported to the construction work area. The longitudinal sliding mechanism is activated to complete the longitudinal coarse adjustment of the rail panel, the lateral sliding mechanism is activated to complete the lateral coarse adjustment, and the lifting adjustment mechanism is activated to complete the elevation coarse adjustment, so that the rail panel enters the design position and posture allowable range. S2. Based on the coarse adjustment of the position and orientation, small-stroke linkage fine adjustment is carried out through the longitudinal sliding mechanism, the lateral sliding mechanism, and the lifting adjustment mechanism to simultaneously correct the residual errors of the coarse adjustment of the longitudinal, lateral, and elevation of the track panel, so that the position and orientation of the track panel gradually approaches the design parameters. S3. The ultra-high adjustment of the rail panel is achieved by using the stroke difference of the lifting drive cylinders on both sides of the lifting adjustment mechanism, in conjunction with the hinge structure and the transfer lug. During the adjustment process, the longitudinal sliding mechanism and the lateral sliding mechanism remain locked to prevent the rail panel from generating additional longitudinal and lateral displacement. S4. Start the attitude correction rotation mechanism. The two sets of correction drive cylinders drive the rail panel hoisting frame to rotate around the slewing bearing at a small angle to realize the plane deflection correction of the rail panel. During the rotation correction process, according to the real-time support status and displacement feedback of the limit support, the transverse sliding mechanism is synchronously controlled to perform centerline micro-compensation adjustment and the longitudinal sliding mechanism is controlled to perform track direction micro-follow-up adjustment, so that the centerline of the rail panel always coincides with the design centerline throughout the entire rotation process. S5. After the track panel is finely adjusted to the correct position, all drive cylinders are locked, and concrete pouring is then carried out. Once the concrete reaches its initial setting strength and the track panel shape is stable, the clamps on the track panel rails are released, and the fine-adjustment device is hoisted to the next construction area. The present invention has the following advantages: 1. Adopting a top-down layered collaborative layout, it effectively avoids interference between the movement of various adjustment mechanisms, and can realize the longitudinal, lateral, elevation, superelevation and planar rotation of the track panel in all dimensions of collaborative adjustment. The geometric error of the track panel is stably controlled at the millimeter level, which greatly reduces manual intervention and effectively improves the fine adjustment accuracy of the track panel and construction efficiency.

[0015] 2. The slewing bearing, in conjunction with the attitude correction rotation mechanism, achieves small-angle planar correction, which can correct position deviations in real time during attitude correction. Combined with the composite hinge structure and L-shaped limit plate, it not only ensures flexible and adaptable ultra-high adjustment, but also limits excessive attitude deformation, greatly improving the stability of track panel attitude control. The overall equipment is reliable and has a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The front view.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after removing the pose adjustment frame.

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view.

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a self-locking rail gripping mechanism.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of a self-locking rail gripping mechanism.

[0024] In the diagram, 1-position adjustment frame, 2-fine adjustment frame, 3-rail panel hoisting frame, 4-box frame, 5-mounting frame, 6-rail gripping drive cylinder, 7-inverted U-shaped sliding frame, 8-gripper, 9-slanted guide groove, 10-sliding pin, 11-longitudinal fixing plate, 12-longitudinal guide rail, 13-longitudinal slider, 14-longitudinal sliding plate, 15-longitudinal connecting rod, 16-longitudinal drive cylinder, 17-longitudinal mounting plate, 18-transverse guide rail, 19-transverse 20-Sliding slider, 21-Horizontal sliding plate, 22-Horizontal drive cylinder, 23-Strip clearance hole, 24-Lifting drive cylinder, 25-Lifting plate, 26-First hinge ear, 27-Second hinge ear, 28-Third hinge ear, 29-Transfer lifting ear, 30-L-shaped limit plate, 31-Slewing bearing, 32-Correction drive cylinder, 33-Fourth hinge ear, 34-Upper mounting plate, 35-Lower mounting plate, 36-Support arm, 37-Support roller, 38-Wedge guide plate, 39-Limiting reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0027] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] refer to Figure 1-8 As shown, the ballastless track panel posture fine-tuning device includes a posture adjustment frame 1. From top to bottom, the posture adjustment frame is equipped with a three-dimensional planar adjustment mechanism, a fine-tuning frame 2, a posture correction rotation mechanism, and a track panel hoisting frame 3. The three-dimensional planar adjustment mechanism includes a longitudinal sliding mechanism, a lateral sliding mechanism, and a lifting adjustment mechanism. The longitudinal sliding mechanism is mounted on the posture adjustment frame and can move longitudinally. The lateral sliding mechanism is mounted on the longitudinal sliding mechanism and can move synchronously laterally. The lifting adjustment mechanism is mounted on the lateral sliding mechanism, and its lower end is connected to the fine-tuning frame. The longitudinal sliding mechanism is used to adjust the longitudinal displacement of the track panel, the lateral sliding mechanism is used to adjust the lateral displacement of the track panel, and the lifting adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the elevation and superelevation of the track panel. The posture correction rotation mechanism is located between the fine-tuning frame 2 and the track panel hoisting frame 3 to achieve planar rotational correction of the track panel.

[0033] Each mechanism operates independently without interference, ensuring seamless coordination and adjustment of longitudinal, lateral, elevation, superelevation, and planar rotation. To achieve high-precision monitoring and closed-loop control of the track panel's position and posture, this fine-tuning device is also equipped with various types of sensor components. All sensors are electrically connected to the centralized control system, enabling real-time data acquisition, analysis, feedback, and linkage with drive control. The deployment of all sensor components does not alter the main structure of the device; they serve only as auxiliary components adapted to actual construction needs. The centralized control system integrates data acquisition, data analysis, and drive control modules. It can receive monitoring data from all sensors in real time, compare it with design parameters, automatically calculate adjustment errors, and issue drive control commands to control the coordinated action of various drive cylinders (such as longitudinal drive cylinder 16, lateral drive cylinder 21, lifting drive cylinder 23, rail gripping drive cylinder 6, and correction drive cylinder 31). This achieves automated and precise adjustment of the track panel's position and posture, significantly reducing manual intervention and improving construction efficiency and adjustment accuracy.

[0034] Specifically, the rail panel hoisting frame has multiple self-locking rail gripping mechanisms symmetrically arranged along its length, such as... Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the self-locking rail gripping mechanism includes a vertically continuous box frame 4, a mounting frame 5, a rail gripping drive cylinder 6, an inverted U-shaped sliding frame 7, and a pair of symmetrically arranged grippers 8. The box frame 4 is detachably connected to the rail panel lifting frame 3 by bolts, facilitating later maintenance and replacement. The mounting frame 5 is fixed to the upper end of the box frame 4 and is equipped with the rail gripping drive cylinder 6. The piston end of the rail gripping drive cylinder 6 is connected to the inverted U-shaped sliding frame 7. The two side plates of the inverted U-shaped sliding frame 7 are symmetrically provided with inclined guide grooves 9 that slope inward from top to bottom. The middle part of the gripper 8 is hinged to the box frame 4. The upper part of the gripper 8 is provided with a horizontal sliding pin 10. The sliding pin 10 extends horizontally into the corresponding inclined guide groove 9 and slides in cooperation with the inclined guide groove 9. When the rail-grabbing drive cylinder 6 drives the inverted U-shaped sliding frame 7 downward, the sliding pin shaft 10 slides outward along the inclined guide groove 9, causing the lower end of the gripper 8 to retract inward, clamping the rail and forming a mechanical self-lock. At the same time, a pressure sensor is installed on the inner side of the gripper 8 of each self-locking rail-grabbing mechanism to detect the clamping pressure between the gripper 8 and the rail in real time, and to determine whether the gripper 8 has fully clamped the rail and whether a reliable mechanical self-lock has been formed. Meanwhile, a stroke sensor is installed on the cylinder body of the rail-grabbing drive cylinder 6 to monitor the extension and retraction stroke of the rail-grabbing drive cylinder 6, ensuring that the inverted U-shaped sliding frame 7 descends to the designated position and the sliding pin shaft 10 slides along the inclined guide groove 9 to achieve reliable clamping of the gripper 8, avoiding loosening of the clamp and floating of the rail panel during the pouring process. The clamping pressure sensor provides real-time feedback on the clamping status to ensure reliable clamping and improve the stability of the rail panel during the pouring process.

[0035] like Figure 1-4As shown, there are two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms. The two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms are spaced apart on the posture adjustment frame 1 and are linked together by a longitudinal drive mechanism. The longitudinal sliding mechanism includes a longitudinal fixing plate 11, a longitudinal guide rail 12, a longitudinal slider 13 and a longitudinal sliding plate 14. The longitudinal fixing plate 11 is fixed to the posture adjustment frame 1 at even intervals along the longitudinal direction by high-strength bolts. The longitudinal guide rail 12 is fixedly installed on the longitudinal fixing plate 11. The longitudinal slider 13 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the longitudinal sliding plate 14 and slides in cooperation with the longitudinal guide rail 12.

[0036] The longitudinal drive mechanism includes a longitudinal connecting rod 15, a longitudinal drive cylinder 16, and a longitudinal mounting plate 17. The longitudinal drive cylinder 16 is located between the two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms and is fixed on the longitudinal central axis of the posture adjustment frame 1 through the longitudinal mounting plate 17. There are two longitudinal connecting rods 15, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the longitudinal drive cylinder 16. The two ends of the longitudinal connecting rods 15 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sets of longitudinal sliding plates 14. The rigid linkage of the two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms is realized through the longitudinal drive mechanism. Meanwhile, longitudinal displacement sensors are installed between the longitudinal sliding plates 14 and the longitudinal fixed plates 11 of the two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms to collect the sliding stroke and displacement of the longitudinal sliding plates 14 in real time, accurately feedback the longitudinal adjustment accuracy of the track panel, and avoid errors from manual observation. At the same time, a stroke sensor is installed on the cylinder body of the longitudinal drive cylinder 16 to synchronously monitor the extension and retraction of the longitudinal drive cylinder 16, realizing dual closed-loop control of longitudinal adjustment, ensuring that the two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms are linked and synchronized, ensuring that the displacement on both sides is completely synchronized during longitudinal adjustment, and avoiding longitudinal deviation of the track panel.

[0037] The lateral sliding mechanism includes two sets of lateral guide rails 18, a lateral slider 19, a lateral sliding plate 20, and a lateral drive cylinder 21. The two sets of lateral guide rails 18 are parallel to each other and fixed on the longitudinal sliding plate 14. A strip-shaped clearance hole 22 is provided on the longitudinal sliding plate 14 between the two sets of lateral guide rails 18. The strip-shaped clearance hole 22 is used to provide clearance space for the piston end of the lifting drive cylinder 23 to avoid interference between lateral sliding and lifting adjustment. The lateral slider 19 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the lateral sliding plate 20 and slides in cooperation with the lateral guide rails 18. The lateral drive cylinder 21 is provided on the longitudinal sliding plate 14 on the extension line of the strip-shaped clearance hole 22. The piston end of the lateral drive cylinder 21 is connected to the lateral sliding plate 14 to realize the independent lateral sliding of the lateral sliding plate 20. Similar to the sensor arrangement of the longitudinal drive mechanism, this application installs a lateral displacement sensor between the lateral sliding plate 20 and the longitudinal sliding plate 14 to collect the lateral sliding displacement of the lateral sliding plate 20 in real time. In conjunction with the stroke sensor on the lateral drive cylinder 21, the lateral adjustment amount is precisely controlled, thereby accurately controlling the lateral centerline position of the track panel. This provides real-time data support for the centerline compensation of subsequent rotation correction and solves the problems of low lateral adjustment accuracy and difficulty in coordinating with rotation correction in existing equipment.

[0038] refer to Figure 1-6As shown, the lifting and adjusting mechanism includes lifting drive cylinders 23 symmetrically mounted on the transverse sliding plate 20. The piston end of the lifting drive cylinder 23 passes downward through the strip-shaped clearance hole 22 and connects to the fine adjustment frame 2. Specifically, a lifting plate 24 is detachably mounted on the top of the fine adjustment frame 2. The lifting plate 24 is provided with a first hinge ear 25 and a second hinge ear 26 spaced apart. The piston end of the lifting drive cylinder 23 is provided with a third hinge ear 27. The line connecting the first hinge ear 25 and the second hinge ear 26 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fine adjustment frame 2. The first hinge ear 25 is hinged to the third hinge ear 27 on the corresponding side. The second hinge ear 26 is hinged to a transition lug 28. The upper end of the transition lug 28 is hinged to the third hinge ear 27 on the corresponding side. The composite hinge structure is adapted to the posture rotation during ultra-high adjustment. The lifting plate 24 is provided with an L-shaped limiting plate 29 adapted to the adapter lug. The vertical part of the L-shaped limiting plate 29 is provided with a limiting groove adapted to the adapter lug 28. The upper port diameter of the limiting groove gradually increases from the inside to the outside. The limiting groove provides space for the swing of the adapter lug 28 and limits its swing amplitude to avoid excessive deformation. This structural design realizes the dual functions of self-adaptation and limiting of ultra-high adjustment. The horizontal part of the L-shaped limiting plate 29 is detachably connected to the lifting plate 24. Understandably, in order to accurately control the track panel elevation and superelevation, each set of lifting drive cylinders 23 is equipped with a stroke sensor to monitor the extension and retraction stroke of the lifting drive cylinder 23 in real time. At the same time, an inclination sensor is installed on the hoisting plate 24 of the fine adjustment frame 2 to collect the tilt angle of the track panel in real time, so as to provide feedback on the stroke difference of the lifting drive cylinders 23 on both sides, providing accurate data for superelevation adjustment. Together with the composite hinge structure composed of the first hinge lug 25, the second hinge lug 26, the third hinge lug and the transition lug 28, adaptive fine adjustment of superelevation adjustment is achieved to avoid attitude exceeding the limit during the adjustment process.

[0039] refer to Figure 1-7As shown, the attitude correction rotation mechanism includes a slewing bearing 30, two sets of correction drive cylinders 31, and limiting support components. The fine-tuning frame 2 and the rail panel hoisting frame 3 are coaxially rotatably connected through the slewing bearing 30 to ensure smooth rotation and high coaxiality. The front and rear ends of the fine-tuning frame 2 and the rail panel hoisting frame 3 are respectively provided with mutually cooperating limiting support components. The front and rear ends of the fine-tuning frame 2 are hinged to the correction drive cylinders 31. The longitudinal centerline of the rail panel hoisting frame 3 is provided with a component adapted to the correction drive cylinders 31. The mating seat 1 is provided with a fourth hinge ear 32, which is hinged to the piston end of the correction drive cylinder 31. By extending and retracting the two sets of correction drive cylinders 31, the rail panel hoisting frame 3 is driven to rotate around the slewing bearing 30 at a small angle to achieve planar rotation correction. A rotation angle sensor is installed at the slewing bearing 30 to collect the rotation angle of the rail panel hoisting frame 3 around the slewing bearing 30 in real time. In conjunction with the stroke sensor on the correction drive cylinder 31, the rotation correction amplitude is precisely controlled to avoid over- or under-rotation.

[0040] The limiting support includes an upper mounting plate 33, a lower mounting plate 34, a support arm 35, a support roller 36, and a limiting reinforcing rib 38. The lower mounting plate 34 is bolted to the top of the rail panel hoisting frame 3. The support arm 35 is vertically mounted on the lower mounting plate 34. The support roller 36 is rotatably mounted on the upper side wall of the support arm 35. The upper mounting plate 33 is bolted to the side wall of the fine adjustment frame 2. A wedge-shaped guide plate 37 adapted to the support roller 36 is horizontally mounted at the lower end of the upper mounting plate 33. The support roller 36 and the wedge-shaped guide plate 37 roll in cooperation. The limiting reinforcing rib 38 is located at both ends of the wedge-shaped guide plate 37 to limit the rotation angle and assist in bearing load, preventing the rail panel from shaking during rotation. A displacement sensor is installed on the wedge-shaped guide plate 37 to collect the rolling displacement of the support roller 36 in real time, provide feedback on the status of the limiting support, and ensure that the rotation correction process is smooth and without jamming.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for fine-tuning the position and attitude of ballastless track panels. It employs the fine-tuning device described in Embodiment 1, combined with a sensor monitoring system and a centralized control system, to achieve high-precision fine-tuning of the track panel position and attitude. The specific implementation steps are as follows: S1. Assemble the rails, fasteners, and sleepers into a single rail panel. Secure the rail panel using multiple rail-gripping mechanisms on the rail panel hoisting frame 3. Activate the rail-gripping drive cylinder 6, pushing the inverted U-shaped sliding frame 7 downwards. The sliding pin shaft 10 slides along the inclined guide groove 9, causing the grippers 8 to clamp the rails. A clamping pressure sensor monitors the clamping pressure in real time. When the pressure reaches a preset threshold, the centralized control system confirms the clamping is in place and locks the rail-gripping drive cylinder 6. Subsequently, the fine-tuning device after hoisting the rail panel is transported to the construction area. Based on the total station's detection data, the preset position and orientation design parameters are then... Then, the longitudinal drive cylinder 16 is activated, which drives the two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms to work together. The longitudinal displacement sensor provides real-time feedback on the longitudinal displacement, completing the longitudinal coarse adjustment of the track panel. The lateral drive cylinder 21 is activated, and the lateral displacement sensor provides real-time feedback on the lateral displacement, completing the lateral coarse adjustment of the track panel. The lifting drive cylinder 23 is activated, and the lifting stroke sensor and tilt sensor provide real-time feedback on the elevation and tilt angle, completing the elevation coarse adjustment of the track panel, bringing the track panel into the design position and posture allowable range. During the coarse adjustment process, the control system compares the sensor data with the design parameters in real time to ensure the accuracy of the coarse adjustment and significantly shorten the coarse adjustment cycle.

[0043] S2. Based on the coarse adjustment of the position and posture, the control system reads the real-time data of the longitudinal displacement sensor, the lateral displacement sensor, and the lifting stroke sensor, compares it with the design parameters, calculates the coarse adjustment residual error, and then performs small-stroke linkage fine adjustment through the longitudinal sliding mechanism, the lateral sliding mechanism, and the lifting adjustment mechanism to simultaneously correct the coarse adjustment residual errors of the track panel in the longitudinal, lateral, and elevation directions, so that the position and posture of the track panel gradually approaches the design parameters. During the fine adjustment process, each sensor provides real-time feedback of adjustment data, and the control system adjusts the extension and retraction of the drive cylinder in real time.

[0044] S3. Based on the track panel tilt angle data collected by the tilt sensor, calculate the stroke difference of the two lifting drive cylinders 23 required for superelevation adjustment, independently control the extension and retraction of the two lifting drive cylinders 23, and cooperate with the composite hinge structure composed of the first hinge lug 25, the second hinge lug 26, the third hinge lug, and the transfer lug 28 to realize the superelevation adjustment of the track panel; during the adjustment process, control the locking of the longitudinal sliding mechanism and the lateral sliding mechanism, and monitor the longitudinal displacement sensor and the lateral displacement sensor in real time to avoid additional longitudinal and lateral displacement of the track panel; at the same time, the limiting groove of the L-shaped limiting plate 29 limits the swing amplitude of the transfer lug 28 to avoid superelevation adjustment exceeding the limit, and the tilt sensor provides real-time feedback on the tilt angle after adjustment to ensure that the superelevation accuracy meets the design requirements.

[0045] S4. When the rotation angle sensor detects a planar deflection error in the track panel, the attitude correction rotation mechanism is activated. Through the extension and retraction of two sets of correction drive cylinders 31, the track panel hoisting frame 3 is driven to rotate around the slewing bearing 30 at a small angle. The rotation angle sensor provides real-time feedback on the rotation angle, and the displacement sensor on the wedge guide plate provides feedback on the rolling displacement of the support roller 36, ensuring a smooth rotation process. During the rotation correction process, based on the centerline offset data fed back by the lateral displacement sensor, the lateral sliding mechanism is synchronously controlled to perform a small-scale centerline compensation adjustment. Based on the track direction data fed back by the longitudinal displacement sensor, the longitudinal sliding mechanism is controlled to perform a small-scale track direction follow-up adjustment, so that the centerline of the track panel always coincides with the design centerline throughout the entire rotation process.

[0046] S5. After the track panel is finely adjusted to the correct position, all drive cylinders (such as longitudinal drive cylinder 16, lateral drive cylinder 21, lifting drive cylinder 23, and correction drive cylinder 31) are locked, and concrete pouring is then carried out. After the concrete reaches its initial setting strength and the track panel shape is stable, the clamps on the track panel rails are released, and the fine-adjustment device is hoisted to the next construction area. To cope with the vibration during concrete pouring, vibration sensors are installed at the connection between the fine-adjustment frame 2 and the track panel hoisting frame 3 to collect the vibration intensity and frequency during the concrete pouring vibration process in real time. When the vibration exceeds the preset threshold, the control system automatically increases the locking force of each drive cylinder to resist vibration load, concrete lateral pressure, and buoyancy, ensuring that the track panel position does not shift, float, or twist.

Claims

1. A device for fine adjustment of the position of a track panel of a ballastless track, characterized in that: The system includes a posture adjustment frame, on which, from top to bottom, are a three-dimensional planar adjustment mechanism, a fine-tuning frame, a posture correction rotation mechanism, and a rail panel hoisting frame. The three-dimensional planar adjustment mechanism includes a longitudinal sliding mechanism, a lateral sliding mechanism, and a lifting adjustment mechanism. The longitudinal sliding mechanism is mounted on the posture adjustment frame and can move longitudinally. The lateral sliding mechanism is mounted on the longitudinal sliding mechanism and can move synchronously laterally. The lifting adjustment mechanism is mounted on the lateral sliding mechanism, and its lower end is connected to the fine-tuning frame. The longitudinal sliding mechanism is used to adjust the longitudinal displacement of the rail panel, the lateral sliding mechanism is used to adjust the lateral displacement of the rail panel, and the lifting adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the elevation and superelevation of the rail panel. The posture correction rotation mechanism is located between the fine-tuning frame and the rail panel hoisting frame and is used to achieve planar rotational correction of the rail panel.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail panel hoisting frame is symmetrically arranged with multiple self-locking rail gripping mechanisms along its length. Each self-locking rail gripping mechanism includes a vertically continuous box frame, a mounting frame, a rail gripping drive cylinder, an inverted U-shaped sliding frame, and a pair of symmetrically arranged grippers. The side walls of the box frame are detachably connected to the rail panel hoisting frame. The mounting frame is fixed to the upper end of the box frame and has the rail gripping drive cylinder installed on it. The piston end of the rail gripping drive cylinder is connected to the inverted U-shaped sliding frame. The two side plates of the inverted U-shaped sliding frame are symmetrically provided with inclined guide grooves that slope inward from top to bottom. The middle part of the gripper is hinged to the box frame. The upper part of the gripper is provided with a horizontal sliding pin. The sliding pin extends horizontally into the inclined guide groove on the corresponding side and slides in cooperation with the inclined guide groove.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal sliding mechanism consists of two sets, which are spaced apart on the posture adjustment frame and linked together by a longitudinal drive mechanism. Each longitudinal sliding mechanism includes a longitudinal fixed plate, a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal slider, and a longitudinal sliding plate. The longitudinal fixed plate is fixed to the posture adjustment frame at even intervals along the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal guide rail is fixedly installed on the longitudinal fixed plate. The longitudinal slider is fixedly installed at the lower end of the longitudinal sliding plate and slides in cooperation with the longitudinal guide rail.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The longitudinal drive mechanism includes a longitudinal connecting rod, a longitudinal drive cylinder, and a longitudinal mounting plate. The longitudinal drive cylinder is located between the two sets of longitudinal sliding mechanisms and is fixed on the longitudinal central axis of the posture adjustment frame through the longitudinal mounting plate. There are two longitudinal connecting rods, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the longitudinal drive cylinder. The two ends of the longitudinal connecting rods are respectively fixedly connected to the two sets of longitudinal sliding plates.

5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lateral sliding mechanism includes two sets of lateral guide rails, a lateral slider, a lateral sliding plate, and a lateral drive cylinder. The two sets of lateral guide rails are parallel to each other and fixed on the longitudinal sliding plate. A strip-shaped clearance hole is provided on the longitudinal sliding plate between the two sets of lateral guide rails. The lateral slider is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lateral sliding plate and slides in cooperation with the lateral guide rails. The lateral drive cylinder is provided on the longitudinal sliding plate on the extension line of the strip-shaped clearance hole, and the piston end of the lateral drive cylinder is connected to the lateral sliding plate.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of said devices (1) arranged in a row along the track (2) to be adjusted. The lifting adjustment mechanism includes lifting drive cylinders symmetrically mounted on the transverse sliding plate. The piston end of the lifting drive cylinder passes downward through the strip-shaped clearance hole and is connected to the fine adjustment frame.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of said devices (1) arranged in a row along the track (2) to be adjusted. The top of the fine-tuning frame is detachably mounted with a lifting plate. The lifting plate is provided with a first hinge ear and a second hinge ear spaced apart. The piston end of the lifting drive cylinder is provided with a third hinge ear. The line connecting the first hinge ear and the second hinge ear is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fine-tuning frame. The first hinge ear is hinged to the third hinge ear on the corresponding side. The second hinge ear is hinged to a transition lug. The upper end of the transition lug is hinged to the third hinge ear on the corresponding side. The lifting plate is provided with an L-shaped limiting plate adapted to the transition lug. The vertical part of the L-shaped limiting plate is provided with a limiting groove adapted to the transition lug. The upper port diameter of the limiting groove gradually increases from the inside to the outside. The horizontal part of the L-shaped limiting plate is detachably connected to the lifting plate.

8. The ballastless track panel position and attitude fine-tuning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attitude correction rotation mechanism includes a slewing bearing, two sets of correction drive cylinders, and limiting support components. The fine adjustment frame and the rail panel hoisting frame are coaxially rotatably connected through the slewing bearing. The front and rear ends of the fine adjustment frame and the rail panel hoisting frame are respectively provided with mutually cooperating limiting support components. The correction drive cylinders are hinged to both ends of the fine adjustment frame. The longitudinal center line of the rail panel hoisting frame is provided with a mating seat adapted to the correction drive cylinder. The mating seat is provided with a fourth hinge lug, which is hinged to the piston end of the correction drive cylinder.

9. The ballastless track panel position and posture fine-tuning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting support includes an upper mounting plate, a lower mounting plate, a support arm, support rollers, and limiting reinforcing ribs. The lower mounting plate is bolted to the top of the rail panel hoisting frame. The support arm is vertically mounted on the lower mounting plate. The support rollers are rotatably mounted on the upper sidewall of the support arm. The upper mounting plate is bolted to the sidewall of the fine-tuning frame. A wedge-shaped guide plate adapted to the support rollers is horizontally mounted at the lower end of the upper mounting plate. The limiting reinforcing ribs are located at both ends of the wedge-shaped guide plate.

10. A method for fine-tuning the position and attitude of ballastless track panels, characterized in that: The fine-tuning method using the ballastless track panel position and attitude fine-tuning device according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. After hoisting the rail panel, the fine adjustment device is transported to the construction work area. The longitudinal sliding mechanism is activated to complete the longitudinal coarse adjustment of the rail panel, the lateral sliding mechanism is activated to complete the lateral coarse adjustment, and the lifting adjustment mechanism is activated to complete the elevation coarse adjustment, so that the rail panel enters the design position and posture allowable range. S2. Based on the coarse adjustment of the position and posture, the longitudinal sliding mechanism, the lateral sliding mechanism, and the lifting adjustment mechanism are used for small-stroke linkage fine adjustment to simultaneously correct the residual errors of the coarse adjustment of the longitudinal, lateral, and elevation of the track panel, so that the position and posture of the track panel gradually approach the design parameters. S3. The ultra-high adjustment of the rail panel is achieved by using the stroke difference of the lifting drive cylinders on both sides of the lifting adjustment mechanism, in conjunction with the hinge structure and the transfer lug. During the adjustment process, the longitudinal sliding mechanism and the lateral sliding mechanism remain locked to prevent the rail panel from generating additional longitudinal and lateral displacement. S4. Start the attitude correction rotation mechanism. The two sets of correction drive cylinders drive the rail panel hoisting frame to rotate around the slewing bearing at a small angle to achieve rail panel plane deflection correction. During the rotation correction process, based on the real-time support status and displacement feedback of the limit support, the transverse sliding mechanism is synchronously controlled to perform centerline micro-compensation adjustment and the longitudinal sliding mechanism is controlled to perform track direction micro-follow-up adjustment, so that the centerline of the rail panel always coincides with the design centerline throughout the entire rotation process. S5. After the rail panel is finely adjusted to the correct position, all drive cylinders are locked, and concrete pouring is then carried out. Once the concrete reaches its initial setting strength and the rail panel shape is stable, the clamps on the rail panel rails are released, and the fine-adjustment device is hoisted to the next construction area.

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