A river ecological slope protection device and method for water conservancy projects

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of slope protection technology, and discloses a river ecological slope protection device and method for water conservancy projects, comprising: a dam body, with a concrete surface layer laid on the water-facing side; a protective layer, fixed to the backwater side of the dam body, with a hollow groove inside the dam body filled with a drainage body, a water storage channel at the bottom of the backwater side of the dam body, the outlet end of the drainage body connected to the water storage channel, a water suction unit at the bottom of the protective layer, the inlet end of the water suction unit connected to the water storage channel, and the outlet end of the water suction unit extending into the protective layer; and a flow collector plate laid on the top surface of the drainage body, the width of the flow collector plate gradually increasing from top to bottom, and several flow collector plates spaced apart along the length of the drainage body. This improves the ecological protection effect of the slope protection device on high slope areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope protection technology, and in particular to a river ecological slope protection device and method for water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial hub for flood discharge, reservoir spillways have always been a key focus of ecological river management in water conservancy projects. Traditional ecological slope protection structures anchor the soil through plant roots, thereby enhancing soil and water conservation and reducing soil erosion. However, these methods are not suitable for protecting high-slope dams like spillways. Reservoir slopes require drainage layers to prevent frost heave damage and lower the phreatic line, ensuring slope support strength. Furthermore, ecological slope protection requires providing adequate moisture for plant growth. Therefore, there are currently few ecological slope protection technologies available for high slopes.

[0003] For example, in a river ecological slope protection device disclosed in CN121827274A, aquatic plant areas and deep-rooted shrub areas are set up on the water-adjacent side of the slope to reinforce the soil. However, in order to ensure the water supply for the plants, a water storage pond structure needs to be excavated in the slope, which leads to a significant reduction in the structural strength of the original slope. In addition, the existing technology does not set up a dam drainage layer, which also leads to a large amount of water remaining in the slope, thus causing erosion of the slope. Under long-term influence, this can easily lead to a reduction in slope strength and collapse. Therefore, this patent aims to provide a river ecological slope protection device to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a river ecological slope protection device and method for water conservancy projects, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the ecological protection effect of the slope protection device on high slope areas.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects, comprising: The dam body has a concrete surface layer on the side facing the water; A protective layer is fixed to the backwater side of the dam body. A hollow groove is opened in the dam body and filled with a drainage body. A water storage channel is set at the bottom of the backwater side of the dam body. The outlet end of the drainage body is connected to the water storage channel. A water suction unit is set at the bottom of the protective layer. The inlet end of the water suction unit is connected to the water storage channel, and the outlet end of the water suction unit extends into the protective layer. A manifold is laid on the top surface of the drainage body. The width of the manifold gradually increases from top to bottom, and several manifolds are spaced apart along the length of the drainage body.

[0006] Preferably, the trough is opened on the backwater side of the dam body, and the trough has a conical structure. The inner diameter of the trough gradually decreases in the direction towards the interior of the dam body. A connecting groove is opened at the bottom of the water-adjacent side of the dam body. The connecting groove extends horizontally and communicates with the bottom of the trough. The drainage body is filled in the connecting groove.

[0007] Preferred options also include: A drain pipe is installed at the bottom of the drainage body. Several drain pipes are spaced apart along the length of the drainage body. The top end of the drain pipe is connected to an inlet pipe. Several inlet pipes are spaced apart along the length of the drain pipe. One end of the drain pipe extends horizontally into the water storage channel.

[0008] Preferably, the water-absorbing unit includes: The main pipe is installed inside the protective layer, with its bottom end extending into the bottom of the water storage channel. Several main pipes are installed along the length of the dam body, and a water supply pipe connects two adjacent main pipes. Both the water supply pipe and the main pipe are filled with absorbent material, and several water supply holes are opened on the water supply pipe. The diameter of the water supply pipe is smaller than that of the main pipe, and there are several water supply pipes arranged along the length of the main pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the water supply pipes are spaced apart, and the distance between two adjacent water supply pipes gradually increases from top to bottom along the surface of the dam.

[0010] Preferably, the inner bottom surface of the water storage channel slopes downward toward the dam body, and a connecting seat is integrally formed on the side of the water storage channel near the dam body. The connecting seat is embedded in the dam body, and the bottom end of the protective layer extends vertically downward and engages with the connecting seat.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting seat and the protective layer are engaged by a comb-tooth groove on their adjacent sides.

[0012] Preferably, the protective layer is a prefabricated structural layer, with the bottom of the protective layer used for planting vines and the top of the protective layer used for planting shrubs.

[0013] An ecological slope protection method, based on the above-described river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects, includes the following steps: A hollow channel is opened inside the dam body, and the drainage material is filled into the hollow channel; Drainage pipes are laid through the drainage body, and main pipes and water supply pipes are laid on the back side of the dam. The protective layer is anchored to the dam body by laying a protective layer; Furthermore, when laying the protective layer, the connecting seat of the water storage channel is snapped into the protective layer; Plant the vegetation on the surface of the dam and within the area covered by the protective layer; A concrete surface layer is laid on the side of the dam facing the water, and the slope protection construction is completed after it dries.

[0014] Preferably, when laying the main pipe and water supply pipe, water-absorbing material is filled inside the main pipe and water supply pipe, and the water supply holes are opened at an angle upward along the surface of the dam.

[0015] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: This invention utilizes a drainage system within the dam body to drain water, which helps lower the phreatic line and maintain the strength of the slope protection structure. Simultaneously, the drainage system drains water into a storage canal for storage, forming a water storage structure away from the dam body. Water is then supplied to the vegetation on the protective layer via a water absorption unit to maintain the ecological slope's moisture requirements, thus achieving efficient slope protection in high slope areas. Furthermore, the drainage system is equipped with a converging plate, which not only strengthens the connection between the drainage system and the dam body but also, through its gradually widening width from top to bottom, creates a tapered guide channel with a wider top and narrower bottom, improving the water collection and diversion effect. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the dam body and the concrete area in this invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the drainage body and the drainage pipe in this invention; Figure 3 In this invention Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the main pipe and the water supply pipe in this invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the drain pipe and the water supply pipe in this invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the water storage channel and the protective layer in this invention; Among them, 1. Dam body; 2. Concrete surface layer; 3. Protective layer; 4. Hollow groove; 5. Drainage body; 6. Water storage channel; 7. Combustion plate; 8. Connecting groove; 9. Drainage pipe; 10. Liquid inlet pipe; 11. Main pipe; 12. Water supply pipe; 13. Water supply hole; 14. Connecting seat; 15. Comb groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-6 This invention provides a river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects, comprising: The dam body 1 has a concrete surface layer 2 laid on the side facing the water; The protective layer 3 is fixed to the backwater side of the dam body 1. A hollow groove 4 is opened in the dam body 1, and the hollow groove 4 is filled with a drainage body 5. A water storage channel 6 is set at the bottom of the backwater side of the dam body 1. The outlet end of the drainage body 5 is connected to the water storage channel 6. A water suction unit is set at the bottom of the protective layer 3. The inlet end of the water suction unit is connected to the water storage channel 6, and the outlet end of the water suction unit extends into the protective layer 3. The manifold 7 is laid on the top surface of the drainage body 5. The width of the manifold 7 gradually increases from top to bottom, and several manifold 7s are spaced apart along the length of the drainage body 5.

[0021] This invention utilizes a hollow trough 4 within the dam body 1 and a drainage body 5 to drain water from the dam body 1. This helps lower the phreatic line and maintain the strength of the slope protection structure. Simultaneously, the drainage body 5 drains water into a water storage channel 6 for storage, forming a water storage structure away from the interior of the dam body 1. The water is then supplied to the plants on the protective layer 3 through a water absorption unit to maintain the water requirements of the ecological slope protection, thereby achieving efficient slope protection in high slope areas. In addition, a confluence plate 7 is laid on the drainage body 5, which not only enhances the connection strength between the drainage body 5 and the dam body 1, but also, because the width of the confluence plate 7 gradually increases from top to bottom, forms a conical guide channel with a larger upper section and a smaller lower section, improving the water collection and diversion effect.

[0022] Specifically, drainage body 5 uses common natural gravel, and through large structural gaps, it is easy to quickly drain water from the dam body 1, avoiding damage from frost heave of the slope.

[0023] Furthermore, the empty channel 4 is opened on the back side of the dam body 1, and the empty channel 4 has a conical structure. The inner diameter of the empty channel 4 gradually decreases in the direction towards the inside of the dam body 1. A connecting channel 8 is opened at the bottom of the water-adjacent side of the dam body 1. The connecting channel 8 extends horizontally and communicates with the bottom of the empty channel 4. The drainage body 5 is filled in the connecting channel 8.

[0024] By opening the empty channel 4, the thickness of the filled drainage body 5 gradually decreases from the back side of the dam body 1 to the interior of the dam body 1, reducing the impact of the drainage body 5 on the structural strength of the dam body 1. By connecting the empty channel 4 with the connecting channel 8, the drainage body 5 extends horizontally to the water-adjacent side of the dam body 1, improving the drainage effect.

[0025] Specifically, the connecting groove 8 can also be opened at an angle upward as needed to form a drainage channel in the vertical direction. This is a conventional technical method and will not be discussed in detail.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes: Drainage pipe 9 is installed at the bottom of drainage body 5. Several drainage pipes 9 are spaced apart along the length of drainage body 5. The top of drainage pipe 9 is connected to liquid inlet pipe 10. Several liquid inlet pipes 10 are spaced apart along the length of drainage pipe 9. One end of drainage pipe 9 extends horizontally into water storage channel 6.

[0027] The water collected in the dam body 1 is introduced into the drainage pipe 9 through the inlet pipe 10 and then into the water storage channel 6 through the drainage pipe 9. The water is stored in the water storage channel 6 and then used for the growth of plants in the protective layer 3 by the water absorption unit.

[0028] Furthermore, the absorbent unit includes: The main pipe 11 is installed inside the protective layer 3. The bottom end of the main pipe 11 extends into the bottom of the water storage channel 6. Several main pipes 11 are installed along the length of the dam body 1, and a water supply pipe 12 is connected between two adjacent main pipes 11. Both the water supply pipe 12 and the main pipe 11 are filled with water-absorbing material. Several water supply holes 13 are opened on the water supply pipe 12. Among them, the diameter of the water supply pipe 12 is smaller than that of the main pipe 11, and there are several water supply pipes 12 arranged along the length of the main pipe 11.

[0029] Specifically, the absorbent material uses polymer materials, such as common absorbent cotton strips, which gradually lift water from the water storage channel 6 through the transfer between pores, and finally cover the entire protective layer 3 through several main pipes 11 and water supply pipes 12. The water supply holes 13 provide the plants with the water they need to grow. Compared with traditional technology, this application protects the structure of the dam body 1 by draining the body 5, while also collecting water in the dam body 1. Then, it replenishes the ecological slope protection plants with water by drip irrigation, ensuring the water required for their normal growth and avoiding the impact of excessive water storage on the structure of the dam body 1 caused by frost heave. This achieves efficient ecological protection for high slope areas.

[0030] Furthermore, several water supply pipes 12 are spaced apart, and the distance between two adjacent water supply pipes 12 gradually increases from top to bottom along the surface of the dam body 1.

[0031] By gradually reducing the spacing of several water supply pipes 12 as they slope upwards, according to the design structure of the drainage body 5, more water tends to accumulate in areas where the drainage body 5 is thicker due to the increased gaps. Therefore, the protective layer 3 near the thicker area of ​​the drainage body 5 can reduce the water supply. In addition, the water supply speed of the water-absorbing material also decreases as the height increases. Reducing the spacing of the water supply pipes 12 can also increase the water supply at the top of the protective layer 3, ensuring sufficient water for plant growth.

[0032] Furthermore, the inner bottom surface of the water storage channel 6 slopes downward toward the dam body 1, and a connecting seat 14 is integrally formed on the side of the water storage channel 6 near the dam body 1. The connecting seat 14 is embedded in the dam body 1, and the bottom end of the protective layer 3 extends vertically downward and is engaged with the connecting seat 14.

[0033] In this technical solution, the water storage channel 6 is a precast concrete structure. The connecting seat 14 of the water storage channel 6 is embedded in the dam body 1, and the protective layer 3 is snapped into the water storage channel 6, which can effectively enhance the connection strength between the water storage channel 6 and the protective layer 3 and the dam body 1.

[0034] Furthermore, the connecting seat 14 and the protective layer 3 are engaged by the comb groove 15 on their adjacent sides.

[0035] Specifically, the protective layer 3 also adopts a precast concrete structure. The protective layer 3 is laid on the dam body 1, and the protective layer 3 has a bottom structure that extends to the water storage channel 6. The comb groove 15 is used to make the protective layer 3 and the water storage channel 6 interlock and fix each other, thereby enhancing the fixation stability of the protective layer 3.

[0036] Furthermore, the protective layer 3 is a prefabricated structural layer, with the bottom of the protective layer 3 used for planting vines and the top of the protective layer 3 used for planting shrubs.

[0037] By laying the precast concrete protective layer 3 on the surface of the dam body 1 and anchoring the protective layer 3 with anchor bolts, the protective layer 3 is laid on the surface of the dam body 1. Furthermore, by pre-setting openings on the protective layer 3 to divide the area, it is beneficial to plant vines and shrubs separately.

[0038] An ecological slope protection method, based on the aforementioned river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects, includes the following steps: A hollow channel 4 is opened inside the dam body 1, and the drainage body 5 is filled into the hollow channel 4; Drainage pipe 9 is inserted into drainage body 5, and main pipe 11 and water supply pipe 12 are laid on the back side of dam body 1. By laying protective layer 3, the protective layer 3 is anchored to the dam body 1; Furthermore, when laying the protective layer 3, the connecting seat 14 of the water storage channel 6 is snapped into the protective layer 3; Plant the plants on the surface of the dam body 1 and within the area covered by the protective layer 3; A concrete surface layer 2 is laid on the water-facing side of dam body 1, and the slope protection construction is completed after it dries.

[0039] Furthermore, when laying the main pipe 11 and the water supply pipe 12, water-absorbing material is filled into the main pipe 11 and the water supply pipe 12, and the water supply hole 13 is opened at an angle upward along the surface of the dam body 1.

[0040] This invention provides a construction method for a river ecological slope protection device used in water conservancy projects: A conical trough 4 is created inside the dam body 1, allowing drainage material 5 to fill the dam body 1. The thickness of the drainage material gradually increases from the water-adjacent side to the back water side. The confluence plate 7 accelerates the guidance of water within the dam body 1, thus achieving drainage of the dam body 1. In addition, the discharged water is collected through a water storage channel 6. The water in the water storage channel 6 is then lifted and drip-irrigated through several main pipes 11 and water supply pipes 12, as well as water-absorbing material filled inside. This ensures the normal growth of plants on the protective layer 3 while also reducing the risk of frost heave damage to the dam body 1 itself, achieving efficient ecological protection for high slope areas.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0042] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects, characterized in that, include: The dam body (1) has a concrete surface layer (2) laid on the side facing the water. A protective layer (3) is fixed to the backwater side of the dam body (1). A trough (4) is opened in the dam body (1). A drainage body (5) is filled in the trough (4). A water storage channel (6) is set at the bottom of the backwater side of the dam body (1). The outlet end of the drainage body (5) is connected to the water storage channel (6). A water suction unit is set at the bottom of the protective layer (3). The inlet end of the water suction unit is connected to the water storage channel (6). The outlet end of the water suction unit extends into the protective layer (3). A manifold (7) is laid on the top surface of the drainage body (5). The width of the manifold (7) gradually increases from top to bottom, and several manifolds (7) are spaced apart along the length of the drainage body (5).

2. The river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The empty trough (4) is opened on the back side of the dam body (1), and the empty trough (4) is a conical structure. The inner diameter of the empty trough (4) gradually decreases in the direction towards the inside of the dam body (1). A connecting trough (8) is opened at the bottom of the inner side of the dam body (1) adjacent to the water. The connecting trough (8) extends horizontally and communicates with the bottom of the empty trough (4). The drainage body (5) fills the connecting trough (8).

3. The river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A drain pipe (9) is installed at the bottom of the drainage body (5). Several drain pipes (9) are spaced apart along the length of the drainage body (5). The top end of the drain pipe (9) is connected to an inlet pipe (10). Several inlet pipes (10) are spaced apart along the length of the drain pipe (9). One end of the drain pipe (9) extends horizontally into the water storage channel (6).

4. The river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water absorption unit includes: The main pipe (11) is installed inside the protective layer (3). The bottom end of the main pipe (11) extends into the bottom of the water storage channel (6). Several main pipes (11) are provided along the length of the dam body (1), and a water supply pipe (12) is connected between two adjacent main pipes (11). Both the water supply pipe (12) and the main pipe (11) are filled with water-absorbing material. Several water supply holes (13) are opened on the water supply pipe (12). The diameter of the water supply pipe (12) is smaller than that of the main pipe (11), and there are several water supply pipes (12) arranged along the length of the main pipe (11).

5. The river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: Several water supply pipes (12) are spaced apart, and the distance between two adjacent water supply pipes (12) gradually increases from top to bottom along the surface of the dam body (1).

6. The river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom surface of the water storage channel (6) is inclined downward toward the dam body (1). A connecting seat (14) is integrally formed on the side of the water storage channel (6) near the dam body (1). The connecting seat (14) is embedded in the dam body (1). The bottom end of the protective layer (3) extends vertically downward and is engaged with the connecting seat (14).

7. The river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting seat (14) and the protective layer (3) are engaged by a comb groove (15) on their adjacent sides.

8. The river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer (3) is a prefabricated structure layer. The bottom of the protective layer (3) is used for planting vines, and the top of the protective layer (3) is used for planting shrubs.

9. An ecological slope protection method, the river ecological slope protection device for water conservancy projects according to claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A trough (4) is opened inside the dam body (1), and the drainage body (5) is filled into the trough (4); Drainage pipe (9) is inserted into drainage body (5), and main pipe (11) and water supply pipe (12) are laid on the back side of dam body (1). By laying the protective layer (3), the protective layer (3) is anchored to the dam body (1); Furthermore, when laying the protective layer (3), the connecting seat (14) of the water storage channel (6) is snapped into the protective layer (3); Plant the plants on the surface of the dam body (1) and within the area covered by the protective layer (3); A concrete surface layer (2) is laid on the side of the dam body (1) adjacent to the water, and the slope protection construction is completed after it dries.

10. The ecological slope protection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When laying the main pipe (11) and the water supply pipe (12), fill the main pipe (11) and the water supply pipe (12) with absorbent material, and open the water supply hole (13) at an angle upward along the surface of the dam body (1).

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