Drilling rigs, tunnel boring equipment and deep hole grouting construction methods

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment technology. It provides drilling and tunneling equipment for use with a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The drilling rig includes: a drill rod with a drill bit mounted at one end; a drill rod support; a chuck assembly for fixing the drill rod, rotatably connected to the drill rod support to rotate about the axis of the drill rod; a rotary power module, driven by the chuck assembly, for driving the chuck assembly to rotate; the rotary power module includes: an oil inlet pipe; an oil outlet pipe; a self-rotating drive shaft driven by the chuck assembly; the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe are connected by a variable oil passage system, which includes two hydraulic motors configured to be adjustable to a series or parallel configuration; the output shafts of both hydraulic motors are driven by the drive shaft to jointly drive the drive shaft to rotate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment technology, and more specifically to equipment used in tunnel shield construction. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel shield construction, adverse geological conditions such as fractured zones, water inrush, mudslides, and karst caves are frequently encountered, necessitating the use of advanced drilling and pre-grouting reinforcement techniques. The drilling rigs used in construction must adapt to varying geological requirements, including rapid drilling at high speed and low torque under ordinary hard strata conditions, as well as stable drilling at slow speed and high torque under conditions prone to borehole collapse and rod-holding.

[0003] Due to the limited internal space of the tunnel boring machine (TBM), the current construction method involves temporarily erecting a support platform inside the TBM to stabilize the ground and then using a common grouting drilling rig. However, because a single drilling rig cannot meet the needs of the TBM in complex geological environments, each change in drilling requirements necessitates rebuilding the support platform and replacing the drilling rig, resulting in high overall construction difficulty and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a drilling rig that can be used in conjunction with a tunnel boring machine (TBM) to reduce the difficulty of TBM tunnel construction and improve tunnel construction efficiency.

[0005] It also provides: tunnel boring equipment consisting of the drilling rig and the shield machine, and deep hole grouting construction methods using the equipment.

[0006] The overall technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention addresses the problem that existing drilling rigs cannot meet the needs of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in complex geological environments, resulting in high overall construction difficulty and low construction efficiency when drilling rigs are used in conjunction with TBMs for drilling and grouting operations.

[0008] Specifically: In tunnel shield construction, various geological conditions will be encountered, and different geological conditions require different drilling rigs. For example, in soft to medium-hard geological conditions with low compressive strength, good integrity, and low risk of hole collapse, the drilling rig can drill at high speed and quickly; while in complex and unfavorable geological conditions with high hardness, fracture, easy deformation, or obstacles, the drilling rig needs to drill at slow speed and high torque.

[0009] If a drilling rig with a single drilling condition is used, the drilling rig used needs to be changed in real time depending on different geological conditions. Under the narrow operating conditions of the tunnel boring machine, its installation and replacement are very difficult.

[0010] However, if a drilling system that directly uses multiple drilling rigs is adopted, its size and structure are often too large to be well adapted to the narrow working conditions of the tunnel boring machine.

[0011] Based on this, the present invention proposes a drilling rig that is better adapted to the use of tunnel boring machines and has a relatively small overall structure, comprising:

[0012] A drill rod, with a drill bit mounted at one end;

[0013] Drill pipe support;

[0014] A chuck assembly for fixing the drill pipe is rotatably connected to the drill pipe support so as to be able to rotate about the axis of the drill pipe;

[0015] A rotary power module, which is connected to the chuck assembly for driving the chuck assembly to rotate;

[0016] The rotary power module includes:

[0017] Oil inlet pipe;

[0018] Oil outlet pipe;

[0019] A self-rotating drive shaft is connected to the chuck assembly for transmission.

[0020] The inlet and outlet oil pipes are connected by a variable oil passage system, which includes two hydraulic motors and is configured to allow the two hydraulic motors to be connected in series or in parallel.

[0021] The output shafts of both hydraulic motors are connected to the drive shaft to drive the drive shaft to rotate.

[0022] The drilling rig of this invention, by incorporating a variable hydraulic system containing two hydraulic motors in its rotary power module, allows the rig to switch between high-speed, low-torque series operation and low-speed, high-torque parallel operation according to actual geological conditions. This enables a single drilling rig to adapt to different drilling requirements, solving the problems of difficult equipment replacement and incompatibility with narrow construction environments such as tunnel boring machines, which necessitate the use of specialized drilling rigs for different geological formations. This effectively reduces construction difficulty and improves construction efficiency.

[0023] Moreover, while ensuring the drilling rig's output power range and adaptability to working conditions, the overall structural layout has been optimized to make it more compact and better suited for space-constrained tunnel shield construction.

[0024] In some implementations, the oil circuit system can be made variable through complex oil circuit settings, such as using multiple (four or more) two-position two-way or two-position three-way solenoid valves or manual valves to connect series or parallel oil circuits through different opening and closing combinations. However, its structure and operation are extremely complex.

[0025] In view of the above problems, as a preferred embodiment, in some implementations, the oil passage system includes a hydraulic directional valve having multiple ports and being able to switch between two operating positions;

[0026] The hydraulic system is configured to allow two hydraulic motors to be connected in series or in parallel by adjusting the operating position of the hydraulic directional valve.

[0027] The complex multi-valve coordinated operation is simplified into a single action of a single component (hydraulic directional valve), reducing operational difficulty. Simultaneously, the pipeline connections are clearer and simpler, which can reduce leakage points and sources of failure to a certain extent, improving the overall reliability of the system in harsh environments such as tunnel boring machine construction.

[0028] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the two hydraulic motors are a first hydraulic motor and a second hydraulic motor, respectively, and the oil passage system further includes:

[0029] The first oil inlet branch is connected to the oil inlet pipe and the oil inlet of the first hydraulic motor;

[0030] The second oil inlet branch connects the oil inlet pipe and the first oil port of the hydraulic directional valve;

[0031] The first oil outlet branch is connected to the oil outlet pipe and the oil outlet of the second hydraulic motor;

[0032] The second oil outlet branch connects the oil outlet pipeline to the second oil port of the hydraulic directional valve;

[0033] The first connecting oil circuit connects the oil outlet of the first hydraulic motor and the third oil port of the hydraulic directional valve.

[0034] The second connecting oil circuit connects the oil inlet of the second hydraulic motor and the fourth oil port of the hydraulic directional valve;

[0035] The two working positions of the hydraulic directional valve are as follows:

[0036] The first working position, in which the third and fourth oil ports are connected, and the first and second oil ports are closed;

[0037] The second working position is in which the first oil port and the fourth oil port are connected, and the second oil port and the third oil port are connected.

[0038] In this embodiment, direct and simple oil flow paths are planned for both series and parallel states, so that the rotary power module can provide power relatively stably in both series and parallel states of hydraulic motors, thereby optimizing the working stability of the drilling rig.

[0039] In some embodiments, the drilling rig also includes a propulsion device;

[0040] The propulsion device includes a moving part that reciprocates along the axial direction of the drill pipe;

[0041] The drill pipe support is fixed to the moving part so that the chuck assembly and the drill pipe support as a whole move with the movement of the moving part.

[0042] A propulsion device was added, and the drill pipe support was fixed to the moving part. This allows the drill pipe and chuck assembly to move back and forth as a whole along the drill pipe axis, thereby providing the necessary drilling thrust to the drill bit. This constitutes a drilling rig with a complete "rotation-propulsion" function, eliminating the need for manual propulsion.

[0043] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the chuck assembly includes a chuck that clamps and fixes the drill rod, making the drill rod detachable.

[0044] On the one hand, it allows for the disassembly and replacement of suitable drill bits according to different geological conditions; and on the other hand, it facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the drill rod structure, making it convenient for later maintenance.

[0045] On the other hand, it provides a hardware foundation for the following deep hole grouting construction method, enabling the drilling rig to decompose "single long cantilever drilling" into "multiple short cantilever reciprocating drilling", ensuring that the drilling rig can always carry out drilling and excavation in a more stable state, and improving the safety, stability and accuracy of drilling construction.

[0046] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the chuck is a powered chuck capable of automatic clamping;

[0047] The oil inlet pipe is equipped with an oil inlet control valve, which is configured to control whether oil is introduced from the outside into the oil inlet pipe, so as to control the opening and closing of the rotary power module.

[0048] The drilling rig also includes a control module, to which the chuck, oil inlet control valve and propulsion device are electrically connected. The control module is configured to control the different positions of the chuck on the drill pipe to clamp and fix or release the drill pipe.

[0049] By limiting the chuck to a power chuck and introducing a control module to centrally control the chuck, oil inlet control valve, and propulsion device, the automated coordination of actions such as clamping, releasing, drilling, and retraction is realized, thereby better achieving automated drilling operations and improving construction efficiency.

[0050] In some embodiments, limit sensors are provided on both sides of the moving part;

[0051] Two limit sensors are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drill pipe and are both located on the movement path of the moving part to limit the movable stroke of the moving part.

[0052] Furthermore, each limit sensor is configured to generate a contact signal when it comes into contact with the moving part;

[0053] Both limit sensors are electrically connected to the control module, which is configured to receive contact signals and control the stopping or reversing of the moving part based on the contact signals.

[0054] By incorporating limit sensors linked to the control module, an automated end-of-stroke detection and protection mechanism is provided for the reciprocating motion of the moving part. The control module controls the moving part to stop or reverse its movement based on contact signals, ensuring the safety, reliability, and precision of the entire automated drilling process.

[0055] In some embodiments, a hydraulic vibrator is mounted on the drill pipe support, which is configured to provide vibrational power to the chuck assembly and the drill pipe to drive the drill pipe to impact along the axial direction of the drill pipe.

[0056] By adding a hydraulic vibrator to the drill pipe support, axial vibration power can be provided to the drill pipe, effectively breaking up locally hard formations, reducing friction between the drill pipe and the borehole wall, and mitigating and preventing stuck drill accidents. This further enhances the adaptability and operational reliability of the drilling rig under complex geological conditions.

[0057] The present invention also provides tunnel boring equipment, comprising:

[0058] Tunnel boring machine;

[0059] The drilling rig described in any of the above embodiments is mounted on a tunnel boring machine (TBM). This results in a tunnel boring machine with higher efficiency in tunnel shield construction.

[0060] Considering that when drilling depth is very large, if the drill chuck is always clamping and driving the drill rod at the tail end, then during the initial drilling process, most of the drill rod from the chuck clamping point to the bottom of the hole will be in a free cantilever state. This slender drill rod, like a cantilever beam, is prone to lateral bending vibration or swaying when it rotates at high speed and bears uneven resistance from the strata, leading to easy borehole deviation and easy fatigue and damage to the drill rod.

[0061] Based on this, the present invention also provides a deep hole grouting construction method, which uses the drilling rig described in the above embodiments for construction.

[0062] The method includes:

[0063] S1: In the initial state, the drill rod is clamped and secured using a chuck to complete the fixed installation of the drill rod;

[0064] S2: Turn on the rotary power module to drive the drill pipe to rotate, and drive the drill pipe support, chuck assembly and drill pipe forward through the propulsion device, so that the drill bit can drill into the formation;

[0065] S3: After the drill pipe has traveled a limited displacement, the rotary power module is turned off, causing the chuck assembly to release its grip on the drill pipe, and the propulsion device drives the drill pipe support and chuck assembly to retract to the initial position.

[0066] S4: Repeat S1 to S3 until the drilling requirements are met;

[0067] S5: Grouting is performed in the holes formed by drilling to complete the grouting construction;

[0068] During construction, if difficulties are encountered in rotation or pole clamping, the rotation power module is adjusted to make the two hydraulic motors work in parallel.

[0069] This method breaks down "single long cantilever drilling" into "multiple short cantilever cycles," forming a "stepping" drilling process. This limits the maximum cantilever length of the drill rod (the unsupported cantilever section from the chuck clamping point to the formation surface) during the overall drilling operation, allowing the rig to drill to any depth in multiple steps. Simultaneously, it maintains the drill rod's mechanical state in a more stable and safer short cantilever mode, better suppressing drill rod sway throughout the drilling process, resulting in a straighter drilling trajectory and higher precision. Furthermore, it reduces the dynamic load and bending stress on components such as the drill rod, threads, and chuck, improving equipment lifespan and reliability.

[0070] Moreover, by adjusting the hydraulic motor, the construction method can be adjusted according to changes in the strata, overcoming problems such as "difficulty in rotation or gantry clamping", ensuring the continuity, efficiency and high reliability of deep hole grouting operations in the space-constrained shield tunneling environment.

[0071] The main beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0072] The variable oil passage system in the rotary power module creates a drilling rig that is better adapted to the narrow construction environment of the tunnel boring machine. It has two different working states: high speed and low torque, and low speed and high torque. It can quickly switch between the two working states, enabling a single drilling rig to more accurately overcome the drilling limitations of different geological conditions, thereby effectively reducing the construction difficulty of tunnel boring machine construction and improving construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0073] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling rig as a whole.

[0075] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a rotary power module with two hydraulic motors connected in series.

[0076] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a rotary power module when two hydraulic motors are connected in parallel.

[0077] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tunnel boring equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0078] The present invention will be illustrated with specific examples below.

[0079] Example 1:

[0080] Drilling rig 1 is used for drilling during the deep hole grouting process in tunnel shield construction.

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, the drilling rig 1 includes a drill pipe support 1.2, and a chuck assembly 1.3 is rotatably connected to the drill pipe support 1.2. In this embodiment, the chuck assembly 1.3 includes a sleeve 1.32 rotatably connected to the drill pipe support 1.2 by means of, for example, a bearing, and a chuck 1.31 fixed to the end of the sleeve 1.32.

[0082] The sleeve 1.32 has an insertion hole in which a drill rod 1.1 is inserted. One end of the drill rod 1.1 extends out of the insertion hole and is fitted with a drill bit 1.8.

[0083] In this embodiment, the chuck 1.31 clamps and fixes the drill rod 1.1, making the drill rod 1.1 detachable. For example, the chuck 1.31 is a manual chuck that clamps the workpiece by rotating the internal mechanism with a wrench, or a power chuck (such as a hydraulic chuck, pneumatic chuck, or electric chuck) that clamps the workpiece by being driven by an external power source (hydraulic, pneumatic, or electric); and the chuck 1.31 is positioned to match the drill rod 1.1 so as to clamp and fix the drill rod 1.1.

[0084] In certain environments where it is not necessary to disassemble the drill pipe 1.1, the chuck 1.31 can also secure the drill pipe 1.1 in a non-removable manner.

[0085] When the chuck assembly 1.3 is equipped with the drill rod 1.1, the chuck assembly 1.3 can drive the drill rod 1.1 to rotate around the axis of the drill rod 1.1.

[0086] like Figure 1 As shown, it also has a rotary power module 1.4 that is connected to the chuck assembly 1.3 for driving the chuck assembly 1.3 to rotate.

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, the rotary power module 1.4 in this embodiment includes: an oil inlet pipe 1.41, an oil outlet pipe 1.42, a drive shaft 1.43, and an oil passage system.

[0088] The inlet pipe 1.41 and outlet pipe 1.42 are connected via an oil passage system. The inlet pipe 1.41 supplies hydraulic oil into the oil passage system, and the outlet pipe 1.42 supplies hydraulic oil from the oil passage system to the outside. The inlet pipe 1.41 may be equipped with an inlet control valve 1.6, configured to control whether oil enters from the outside, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the rotary power module 1.4. When oil enters, the rotary power module 1.4 is open, providing power; when no oil enters, the rotary power module 1.4 is closed, providing no power.

[0089] For example, the inlet control valve 1.6 can be a shut-off valve that controls the opening / closing of the inlet pipeline 1.41, or the inlet control valve 1.6 can also be... Figure 2 The directional valve shown is used to control whether the oil inlet pipe 1.41 can receive hydraulic oil flowing in from the outside.

[0090] The oil passage system is equipped with two hydraulic motors 1.44, and the oil passage system is configured to be adjustable to allow the two hydraulic motors 1.44 to be connected in series or in parallel. The two hydraulic motors 1.44 are preferably arranged to the same specifications.

[0091] The drive shaft 1.43 is a rotatable power output shaft. One end of it is connected to the chuck assembly 1.3 via gear transmission, for example, or to the sleeve 1.32 via gear transmission. The other end is connected to the output shaft of two hydraulic motors 1.44 via gear transmission. This allows the two hydraulic motors 1.44 to jointly drive the drive shaft 1.43 to rotate, which in turn drives the chuck assembly 1.3 to rotate the drill rod 1.1 for tunneling.

[0092] Two hydraulic motors 1.44 are connected in series, driven sequentially by the same hydraulic oil supply. Both motors have the same flow rate, and each motor receives half of the total oil pressure at its inlet. In this configuration, the drive shaft 1.43 outputs a high speed but low torque. That is, it sacrifices output torque capacity to achieve a higher rotational speed.

[0093] When the two hydraulic motors 1.44 are connected in parallel, their inlet pressures are the same. However, each motor receives half of the total hydraulic flow from the oil source. At this point, the drive shaft 1.43 outputs a lower speed but higher torque. In other words, it yields a lower output speed to achieve greater torque output capability.

[0094] In this embodiment, the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic directional valve 1.45, which has multiple ports and can switch between two operating positions. The hydraulic system is configured such that the two hydraulic motors 1.44 can be connected in series or in parallel by adjusting the operating position of the hydraulic directional valve 1.45.

[0095] For example, appendix Figure 2As shown, the two hydraulic motors 1.44 are a first hydraulic motor 1.44a and a second hydraulic motor 1.44b, respectively. The first output shaft 1.44a1 of the first hydraulic motor 1.44a and the second output shaft 1.44b of the second hydraulic motor 1.44b are both connected to the drive shaft 1.43 by means of, for example, gears.

[0096] The oil inlet pipe 1.41 and the oil inlet A1 of the first hydraulic motor 1.44a are connected by the first oil inlet branch 1.46.

[0097] The oil inlet pipe 1.41 and the first oil port a of the hydraulic directional valve 1.45 are connected through the second oil inlet branch 1.47.

[0098] The oil outlet pipe 1.42 and the oil outlet B2 of the second hydraulic motor 1.44b are connected through the first oil outlet branch 1.48.

[0099] The oil outlet pipe 1.42 and the second oil port b of the hydraulic directional valve 1.45 are connected through the second oil outlet branch 1.49.

[0100] The oil outlet B1 of the first hydraulic motor 1.44a and the third oil port c of the hydraulic directional valve 1.45 are connected through the first connecting oil circuit 1.410.

[0101] The oil inlet A2 of the second hydraulic motor 1.44b and the fourth oil port d of the hydraulic directional valve 1.45 are connected through the second connecting oil circuit 1.411.

[0102] The hydraulic directional valve 1.45 has a movable core with internal flow channels; and the core can move to two different positions, so that the hydraulic directional valve 1.45 has two working positions.

[0103] In the first working position, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this working position, the core moves to the first gear, and its internal flow channel connects the third oil port c and the fourth oil port d, while sealing the first oil port a and the second oil port b respectively. This puts the two hydraulic motors 1.44 in series.

[0104] In the second workstation, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this working position, the core moves to the second gear, and its internal flow channels connect the first oil port a and the fourth oil port d, and the second oil port b and the third oil port c, respectively. This causes the two hydraulic motors 1.44 to be connected in parallel.

[0105] like Figure 1As shown, the drilling rig also includes a propulsion device, which can be an electric push rod or a hydraulic push rod, and has a moving part 1.5 that reciprocates in the axial direction of the drill rod 1.1. In this embodiment, the propulsion device can be a propulsion cylinder, which is driven by hydraulic pressure, and has a moving part 1.5 that reciprocates in the axial direction of the drill rod 1.1.

[0106] The drill pipe support 1.2 is fixed to the movable part 1.5 by means of, for example, screws, so that the chuck assembly 1.3 and the drill pipe support 1.2 move together with the movement of the movable part 1.5.

[0107] like Figure 1 As shown, a hydraulic vibrator 1.7 is mounted on the drill pipe support 1.2, which provides vibrational power to the drill pipe support 1.2, the chuck 1.31, and the drill pipe 1.1, driving the drill pipe support 1.2 to vibrate along the axial direction of the drill pipe 1.1, thereby causing the drill pipe 1.1 to impact along the axial direction. In this embodiment, the hydraulic vibrator 1.7 can be a hydraulic vibration pump used to provide vibration in a drilling rig or other existing hydraulic vibrator structures.

[0108] like Figure 1 As shown, the drilling rig 1 may also have a fixed external support frame 1.9, which is fixed with a guide rod 1.10, which extends along the axis of the drill rod 1.1. The drill rod bracket 1.2 is slidably mounted on the guide rod 1.10 and is guided and supported by the guide rod 1.10.

[0109] When using the aforementioned drilling rig 1 for deep hole grouting, the following construction method shall be adopted, which includes:

[0110] S1: In the initial state, the drill rod 1.1 is clamped and secured using the chuck 1.31 to complete the fixed installation of the drill rod 1.1.

[0111] S2: Supply oil to the rotary power module 1.4 and turn on the rotary power module 1.4 to drive the drill rod 1.1 to rotate, and drive the moving part 1.5 forward through the propulsion device, thereby driving the drill rod support 1.2, chuck assembly 1.3 and drill rod 1.1 forward, so that the drill bit 1.8 can drill into the formation.

[0112] S3: After the drill pipe 1.1 has traveled a limited displacement (the specific displacement is set according to actual needs), shut off the rotary power module 1.4 (for example, control the oil inlet control valve 1.6 to prevent external oil from entering the oil inlet pipe 1.41, thereby stopping the supply of hydraulic power), then release the chuck assembly 1.3 from clamping the drill pipe 1.1, and the propulsion device drives the moving part 1.5 to retreat, driving the drill pipe support 1.2 and the chuck assembly 1.3 to retreat back to the initial position.

[0113] S4: Repeat S1 to S3 until the drilling requirements are met.

[0114] S5: Grouting is performed in the holes formed by drilling to complete the grouting construction.

[0115] During construction, if difficulties are encountered in rotation or pole clamping, the rotation power module 1.4 is adjusted to make the two hydraulic motors 1.44 operate in parallel.

[0116] The clamping and releasing of the chuck 1.31, the opening and closing of the rotary power module 1.4, and the driving of the propulsion device can all be operated manually.

[0117] In S5, the drill bit can be removed to allow for additional grouting using grouting equipment.

[0118] Alternatively, when the drill rod 1.1 is a grouting drill rod with internal flow channels, and its end near the drill bit 1.8 has an outlet and its end away from the drill bit 1.8 has an inlet, a connector 1.11 can be installed at the inlet. By connecting this connector 1.11 to the grouting pipe, the grout can flow into the borehole sequentially through the connector 1.11, the inlet, the internal flow channels, and the outlet for grouting. The internal flow channels of the grouting drill rod can also allow external flushing water to flow in during drilling to create flushing during drilling.

[0119] When encountering drilling rigs or hard rocks, the hydraulic vibrator 1.7 can be activated to assist drilling.

[0120] Example 2:

[0121] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further adds a control structure to enable the drilling rig 1 to be automatically controlled.

[0122] In this embodiment, the chuck 1.31 is a power chuck that can automatically clamp (such as a hydraulic chuck, pneumatic chuck, or electric chuck).

[0123] The drilling rig also includes a control module, such as a PLC control module; the chuck 1.31, the oil inlet control valve 1.6 and the propulsion device are all electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is configured to control the different positions of the chuck 1.31 on the drill rod 1.1 to clamp and fix or release the drill rod 1.1.

[0124] Furthermore, limit sensors are provided on both sides of the moving part 1.5.

[0125] Two limit sensors are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drill pipe 1.1 and are both located on the movement path of the moving part 1.5 to limit the movable stroke of the moving part 1.5; and each limit sensor is configured to generate a contact signal when it comes into contact with the moving part 1.5.

[0126] Both limit sensors are electrically connected to the control module, which is configured to receive contact signals and control the movement of the moving part 1.5 based on these signals. Specifically, the control module is configured to, upon receiving a contact signal, determine its movement limit, control the moving part 1.5 to stop moving in its original direction, and then perform subsequent action control.

[0127] When using the aforementioned drilling rig 1 for deep hole grouting, the drilling rig 1 is configured via a control module to employ the following construction method, which includes:

[0128] S1: In the initial state, the control module controls the chuck 1.31 to clamp and secure the drill rod 1.1, completing the fixed installation of the drill rod 1.1.

[0129] S2: The control module controls the oil inlet through the oil inlet control valve 1.6 to supply oil to the rotary power module 1.4 and activate the rotary power module 1.4 to drive the drill pipe 1.1 to rotate; at the same time, the control module controls the propulsion device to drive the moving part 1.5 forward, thereby driving the drill pipe support 1.2, chuck assembly 1.3 and drill pipe 1.1 forward, so that the drill bit 1.8 can drill into the formation.

[0130] S3: After the drill pipe 1.1 has traveled a limited displacement, the moving part 1.5 contacts a limit sensor located in the forward direction, triggering a contact signal; the control module receives the signal and shuts off the rotary power module 1.4 (for example, by controlling the oil inlet control valve 1.6 to prevent external oil from entering the oil inlet pipe 1.41, thereby stopping the supply of hydraulic power), then controls the chuck assembly 1.3 to release its grip on the drill pipe 1.1, and controls the propulsion device to drive the moving part 1.5 backward, driving the drill pipe support 1.2 and the chuck assembly 1.3 to return to the initial position; at this time, the moving part 1.5 contacts another limit sensor located in the return direction, triggering a contact signal; the control module receives the signal and confirms the restoration of the initial clamping position.

[0131] S4: Repeat S1 to S3 until the drilling requirements are met.

[0132] S5: Grouting is performed in the holes formed by drilling to complete the grouting construction.

[0133] During construction, if difficulties are encountered in rotation or pole clamping, the rotation power module 1.4 is adjusted to make the two hydraulic motors 1.44 operate in parallel.

[0134] The clamping and releasing of the chuck 1.31, the opening and closing of the rotary power module 1.4, and the driving of the propulsion device are all controlled by the settings of the control module. The specific spacing of the two limit sensors is arranged according to actual needs.

[0135] In S5, the drill bit can be removed to allow for additional grouting using grouting equipment.

[0136] Alternatively, when the drill rod 1.1 is a grouting drill rod with internal flow channels, and its end near the drill bit 1.8 has an outlet and its end away from the drill bit 1.8 has an inlet, a connector 1.11 can be installed at the inlet. By connecting this connector 1.11 to the grouting pipe, the grout can flow into the borehole sequentially through the connector 1.11, the inlet, the internal flow channels, and the outlet for grouting. The internal flow channels of the grouting drill rod can also allow external flushing water to flow in during drilling to create flushing during drilling.

[0137] When encountering drilling rigs or hard rocks, the hydraulic vibrator 1.7 can be activated to assist drilling.

[0138] Example 3:

[0139] Tunnel boring equipment, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes a tunnel boring machine 2 and a drilling rig 1 as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, with the drilling rig 1 mounted on the tunnel boring machine 2.

[0140] For example, drilling rig 1 is mounted on the assembly machine of tunnel boring machine 2 using a flange structure.

[0141] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "front," and "rear," etc., mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. These are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. It should be further noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "install," "connect," "join," and "fix" in the description should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0142] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Drilling rig, including: A drill rod, with a drill bit mounted at one end; Drill pipe support; A chuck assembly that secures the drill rod is rotatably connected to the drill rod support so as to be able to rotate about the axis of the drill rod; A rotary power module, which is connected to the chuck assembly in a transmission manner, is used to drive the chuck assembly to rotate; The rotating power module is characterized by comprising: Oil inlet pipe; Oil outlet pipe; A self-rotating drive shaft is connected to the chuck assembly. The oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe are connected by a variable oil passage system, which includes two hydraulic motors and is configured to adjust the two hydraulic motors to be in series or in parallel. The output shafts of both hydraulic motors are driven to the drive shaft so as to jointly drive the drive shaft to rotate.

2. The drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil passage system includes a hydraulic directional valve with multiple ports that can switch between two operating positions; The oil passage system is configured such that the two hydraulic motors can be connected in series or in parallel by adjusting the operating position of the hydraulic directional valve.

3. The drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two hydraulic motors are a first hydraulic motor and a second hydraulic motor, respectively, and the oil passage system further includes: The first oil inlet branch is connected to the oil inlet pipe and the oil inlet of the first hydraulic motor; The second oil inlet branch is connected to the oil inlet pipe and the first oil port of the hydraulic directional valve; The first oil outlet branch is connected to the oil outlet pipe and the oil outlet of the second hydraulic motor; The second oil outlet branch is connected to the oil outlet pipe and the second oil port of the hydraulic directional valve; The first connecting oil circuit connects the oil outlet of the first hydraulic motor and the third oil port of the hydraulic directional valve. The second connecting oil circuit connects the oil inlet of the second hydraulic motor and the fourth oil port of the hydraulic directional valve; The two working positions of the hydraulic directional valve are as follows: In the first working position, the third oil port and the fourth oil port are connected, while the first oil port and the second oil port are closed. In the second working position, the first oil port and the fourth oil port are connected, and the second oil port and the third oil port are connected.

4. The drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling rig also includes a propulsion system; The propulsion device includes a moving part that reciprocates along the axial direction of the drill rod; The drill pipe support is fixed to the movable part so that the chuck assembly and the drill pipe support as a whole move with the movement of the movable part.

5. The drilling rig according to claim 4, characterized in that: The chuck assembly includes a chuck that clamps and secures the drill rod, making the drill rod detachable.

6. The drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: The chuck is a powered chuck capable of automatic clamping; The oil inlet pipe is equipped with an oil inlet control valve, which is configured to control whether oil enters from the outside through the oil inlet pipe, so as to control the opening and closing of the rotary power module. The drilling rig also includes a control module, to which the chuck, the oil inlet control valve and the propulsion device are electrically connected. The control module is configured to control the chuck at different positions on the drill rod to clamp and fix or release the drill rod.

7. The drilling rig according to claim 6, characterized in that: Limit sensors are provided on both sides of the moving part; Along the axial direction of the drill rod, two limit sensors are arranged at intervals and are both located on the movement path of the moving part to limit the movable stroke of the moving part; Furthermore, each of the aforementioned limit sensors is configured to generate a contact signal when it comes into contact with the moving part; Both of the aforementioned limit sensors are electrically connected to the control module, which is configured to receive the contact signal and control the stopping or reversing of the moving part based on the contact signal.

8. The drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The drill pipe support is equipped with a hydraulic vibrator configured to provide vibrational power to the chuck assembly and the drill pipe, thereby driving the drill pipe to impact along its axial direction.

9. Tunnel boring equipment, characterized in that, include: Tunnel boring machine; The drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the drilling rig is mounted on a tunnel boring machine.

10. A deep-hole grouting construction method, characterized in that: The drilling rig described in any one of claims 5-7 shall be used for construction. The method includes: S1: In the initial state, the drill rod is clamped and secured using a chuck to complete the fixed installation of the drill rod; S2: Turn on the rotary power module to drive the drill pipe to rotate, and drive the drill pipe support, chuck assembly and drill pipe forward through the propulsion device, so that the drill bit can drill into the formation; S3: After the drill pipe has traveled a limited displacement, the rotary power module is turned off, causing the chuck assembly to release its grip on the drill pipe, and the propulsion device drives the drill pipe support and chuck assembly to retract to the initial position. S4: Repeat S1 to S3 until the drilling requirements are met; S5: Grouting is performed in the holes formed by drilling to complete the grouting construction; If difficulties in rotation or pole clamping are encountered during construction, the rotation power module is adjusted to make the two hydraulic motors operate in parallel.

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