An explosion-proof dust removal device in a coal mine underground

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of coal mining machinery technology, and more particularly to an explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines. The device includes an explosion-proof dust collection box, several dust collection components, a purification box, a filter component, and a spray component. The dust collection components are installed around the perimeter of the explosion-proof dust collection box. The filter component is detachably connected to the purification box. The airflow from the dust collection components passes through the filter surface of the filter component, and the spray component extends through the explosion-proof dust collection box into the interior of the purification box. Its advantages are that by directly spraying water mist or cleaning fluid onto the interior of the purification box and the filter surface of the filter component through the spray component, dust and other debris adhering to the filter surface and inner wall can be actively washed away, avoiding the problem of debris accumulating inside the device and occupying volume or blocking airflow channels, thus ensuring long-term stable dust collection efficiency. Simultaneously, the detachable connection between the filter component and the purification box facilitates periodic removal for deep cleaning or replacement, further reducing maintenance difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining machinery technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] During coal mining, various stages, including drilling, blasting, tunneling, coal extraction, roof management, and coal loading and transportation, generate significant amounts of dust. The dust generation varies among different mines due to differences in coal and rock geological conditions and physical properties, as well as variations in mining methods, operating procedures, ventilation, and the degree of mechanization. To ensure a safe working environment and the health of personnel, explosion-proof devices are widely used in coal mining machinery, and these devices often integrate dust collection functions.

[0003] Existing explosion-proof devices for underground coal mines, such as the utility model patent with publication number CN216714437U, disclose a coal mine device with dust removal function. Its structure includes a mounting base, and an exhaust device and an extraction device mounted on the mounting base. Specifically, the exhaust device includes a mounting cylinder, fan blades, a scraper, an air inlet box, and a collection box. It uses a dust filter to block dust, and the scraper repeatedly scrapes the dust filter, causing the dust to fall into the collection box, thus preventing filter clogging. The extraction device includes components such as an air guide box, an air supply pipe, an air suction pipe, and an air pump. However, its dust removal methods mainly target cleaning the filter or the inlet of the dust collection hood, lacking an effective cleaning function for the internal dust extraction device itself. After long-term use in the harsh environment of underground coal mines with high dust and many gravel debris, a large amount of dust, stones, and other debris accumulates inside the dust extraction device, making it difficult to clean itself. These accumulated debris will occupy the vacuum chamber and block the airflow channels, resulting in reduced vacuuming efficiency and significantly worse dust removal effect.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines that can effectively clean up accumulated debris. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines, which solves the technical problem that the prior art cannot effectively clean up the accumulated debris inside.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] This invention provides an explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines, including an explosion-proof dust removal box, several dust collection components, a purification box, a filter component, and a spray component. The purification box is placed inside the explosion-proof dust removal box. Several dust collection components are installed around the explosion-proof dust removal box and are connected to the purification box through the explosion-proof dust removal box. The filter component is detachably connected to the purification box. The dust collection components are located on one side of the purification box, and the airflow of the dust collection components flows through the filter surface of the filter component. The spray component extends into the interior of the purification box through the explosion-proof dust removal box.

[0010] Optionally, the spray assembly includes a water tank, a first connecting water pipe, multiple second connecting water pipes, a multi-way connector, and multiple spray heads; the water tank is fixed to the upper surface of the explosion-proof dust collector, the first connecting water pipe passes through the explosion-proof dust collector and is connected to the water tank and the multi-way connector respectively, the second connecting water pipe passes through the purification box and is connected to the multi-way connector and the spray heads respectively, and the multiple spray heads are fixed to the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the purification box respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the plurality of dust collection components are divided into a first dust collection component and a second dust collection component. The first dust collection component extends vertically through the explosion-proof dust collection box and into the purification box, while the second dust collection component extends horizontally through the explosion-proof dust collection box and into the purification box. Both the first dust collection component and the second dust collection component are located on one side of the filter component.

[0012] Optionally, the dust collection assembly includes a dust collection head, a first dust collection pipe, a vacuum cleaner, and a second dust collection pipe; the dust collection head is located outside the explosion-proof dust collection box, the first dust collection pipe passes through the explosion-proof dust collection box and is connected to the dust collection head and the vacuum cleaner respectively, the vacuum cleaner is located between the explosion-proof dust collection box and the purification box, and the second dust collection pipe is connected to the vacuum cleaner and the purification box respectively.

[0013] Optionally, the filter assembly includes a dust filter and an air filter; both the dust filter and the air filter are detachably connected to the inside of the purification chamber, and the dust filter and the air filter are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction of the dust collection assembly.

[0014] Optionally, the dust filter includes multiple filter discs, a dust filter frame, and a first handle; the dust filter frame is a hollow rectangle, and the dust filter frame is slidably connected to the purification box in the horizontal direction; the multiple filter discs are spaced apart in the front-back direction and fixed to the inner wall of the dust filter frame; and the first handle is fixed to the outer wall of the dust filter frame away from the purification box.

[0015] Optionally, the air purification mesh includes an air filter frame, an activated carbon layer, two fixed mesh plates, and a second handle; the air filter frame is a hollow rectangle, the two fixed mesh plates are fixed to the two sides of the air filter frame respectively, the activated carbon layer is sandwiched between the two fixed mesh plates, and the second handle is fixed to the outer wall of the air filter frame away from the purification chamber.

[0016] Optionally, the purification box includes a bottom plate and four side plates, with the bottom plate slidably connected to the side plates; the explosion-proof dust removal device also includes a push-pull plate, which passes through the explosion-proof dust removal box in a horizontal direction and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. The push-pull plate can drive the bottom plate to slide relative to the side plates to form a bottom opening of the purification box, thereby draining the water inside the purification box.

[0017] Optionally, the bottom of the purification box is also connected to four support legs, which are fixedly connected to the joints of two adjacent side panels.

[0018] Optionally, a drain hole is provided at the bottom of the explosion-proof dust collection box in the area corresponding to the purification box. A bottom sealing cover is rotatably connected to one side of the drain hole to open or close the drain hole.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: An explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines includes an explosion-proof dust removal box, several dust collection components, a purification box, a filter component, and a spray component. The purification box is placed inside the explosion-proof dust removal box. Several dust collection components are installed around the perimeter of the explosion-proof dust removal box, and these components pass through the explosion-proof dust removal box and communicate with the purification box. The filter component is detachably connected to the purification box, with the dust collection components located on one side of the purification box, and the airflow of the dust collection components passing through the filter surface of the filter component. The spray component extends through the explosion-proof dust removal box into the interior of the purification box. Compared to existing technologies, by directly spraying water mist or cleaning liquid onto the interior of the purification box and the filter surface of the filter component through the spray component, dust and other debris adhering to the filter surface and inner wall can be actively washed away, avoiding the problem of debris accumulating inside the device for a long time, occupying volume, and blocking airflow channels, thus ensuring long-term stable dust collection efficiency. Simultaneously, the detachable connection between the filter component and the purification box facilitates periodic removal for deep cleaning or replacement, further reducing maintenance difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of an explosion-proof dust removal device in an underground coal mine.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The image shows a front view of an explosion-proof dust removal device in an underground coal mine. The side cover of the explosion-proof dust removal box is transparent in order to clearly show the internal structure of the box.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1The diagram shows the structure of the purification box in the explosion-proof dust removal device in an underground coal mine. The top of the purification box is transparent in order to clearly show the internal structure of the purification box.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of point AA in an explosion-proof dust removal device in an underground coal mine.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0027] 1: Explosion-proof dust collection box; 2: Dust collection assembly; 21: Dust collection head; 22: First dust collection pipe; 23: Vacuum cleaner; 24: Second dust collection pipe; 3: Purification box; 31: Base plate; 32: Side plate;

[0028] 4: Filter assembly; 41: Dust filter screen; 42: Air purification screen;

[0029] 5: Sprinkler assembly; 51: Water tank; 52: First connecting water pipe; 53: Second connecting water pipe; 54: Multi-port connector; 55: Sprinkler head;

[0030] 6: Sliding plate; 7: Support leg; 8: Bottom sealing cover. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, a detailed description of the invention is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this document, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are used interchangeably. Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference. Among them, "up" refers to the direction closer to the water tank 51, "down" refers to the direction closer to the bottom plate 31, "front" refers to the direction closer to the push-pull plate 6, "back" refers to the direction away from the push-pull plate 6, and "left" and "right" refer to the directions perpendicular to the plane containing the "front", "back", "up" and "down" directions.

[0032] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 5This embodiment proposes an explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines, which can effectively clean up accumulated debris. Specifically, the explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines in this embodiment includes an explosion-proof dust removal box 1, several dust collection components 2, a purification box 3, a filter component 4, and a spray component 5, as detailed below.

[0035] In this embodiment, the purification box 3 is placed inside the explosion-proof dust collection box 1. The purification box 3 is a rectangular box, while the explosion-proof dust collection box 1 is a box larger than the purification box 3. The explosion-proof dust collection box 1 has a door on its side that can be opened and closed for placing or removing the purification box 3. The explosion-proof dust collection box 1 is the outer shell of the entire device, and the purification box 3 is used to contain the dust-laden airflow and perform initial settling.

[0036] Several dust collection components 2 are installed around the perimeter of the explosion-proof dust collection box 1. Each dust collection component 2 passes through the wall of the explosion-proof dust collection box 1 and communicates with the interior of the purification box 3. The dust collection components 2 are used to draw dust-laden gas generated in various operations in the coal mine into the interior of the explosion-proof dust collection device.

[0037] The filter assembly 4 and the purification chamber 3 are connected by a detachable method, such as a snap-fit, bolt, or sliding groove connection, to facilitate regular removal for cleaning or replacement. The airflow of the dust collection assembly 2 passes through the filter surface of the filter assembly 4. That is, the airflow entering the purification chamber 3 from the dust collection assembly 2 ultimately passes through the filter surface of the filter assembly 4, so that the dust is trapped by the filter surface, and the clean gas is discharged through the filter assembly 4 or further processed.

[0038] The spray assembly 5 passes through the wall of the explosion-proof dust collection box 1 and extends into the purification box 3. The spray assembly 5 is used to spray water mist or cleaning solution into the purification box 3 to wet and rinse the filter surface of the filter assembly 4 and the inner wall of the purification box 3, thereby washing away dust, gravel and other debris attached to the filter surface and internal structure, and preventing the long-term accumulation of debris.

[0039] During operation, the dust collection component 2 is activated, and the dust-laden airflow enters the purification chamber 3 through it, directly impacting the filter surface of the filter component 4. Dust is trapped on the outside of the filter surface until there is sufficient dust on the filter component 4, at which point replacement is necessary. When this is required, the spray component 5 introduces pressurized water, spraying it onto the filter surface and inside the purification chamber 3. This wets the dust and creates a water flow, washing away the accumulated dust on the filter surface, as well as the ash, mud, and other debris that have fallen to the bottom of the purification chamber 3. Because the filter component 4 is detachably connected to the purification chamber 3, it can be periodically removed for deep cleaning or replacement, further ensuring no debris accumulates inside. The purified gas is discharged from the exhaust port of the explosion-proof dust collector 1.

[0040] Not only does it intercept dust through the filter component 4, but it also actively cleans the inside of the purification box 3 and the filter component 4 using the spray component 5, effectively solving the problem of difficult-to-clean internal debris and ensuring dust collection efficiency and dust removal effect under long-term use.

[0041] In summary, by directly spraying water mist or cleaning solution onto the interior of the purification chamber 3 and the filter surface of the filter assembly 4 through the spray component 5, dust and other debris adhering to the filter surface and inner wall can be actively washed away. This avoids the problem of debris accumulating inside the device for a long time, occupying space, and blocking airflow channels, thus ensuring long-term stable dust collection efficiency. At the same time, the filter assembly 4 is detachably connected to the purification chamber 3, facilitating regular removal for deep cleaning or replacement, further reducing maintenance difficulty.

[0042] Furthermore, the spray assembly 5 includes a water tank 51, a first connecting water pipe 52, a plurality of second connecting water pipes 53, a multi-port connector 54, and a plurality of spray heads 55.

[0043] The water tank 51 is a rectangular box structure, comprising a box body and a lid. The lid is hinged to the box body. The water tank 51 is fixed to the upper surface of the explosion-proof dust collector 1 by welding, screwing, or snapping. A first connecting water pipe 52 passes through the explosion-proof dust collector 1 and is connected to both the water tank 51 and the multi-way connector 54. A second connecting water pipe 53 passes through the purification box 3 and is connected to both the multi-way connector 54 and the spray head 55. Multiple spray heads 55 are fixed to the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the purification box 3 by welding, screwing, or snapping. Specifically, in this embodiment, the multi-way connector 54 is a five-way connector, which is connected to four second connecting water pipes 53 and one first connecting water pipe 52. Two of the four spray heads 55 are distributed on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the purification box 3, thus ensuring comprehensive coverage and thorough cleaning of the purification box 3 when the spray assembly 5 is in operation.

[0044] In use, the water in the water tank 51 flows into the multi-port connector 54 through the first connecting water pipe 52, and then is distributed to each spray head 55 through multiple second connecting water pipes 53. The spray heads 55 fixed on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the purification box 3 spray water mist or cleaning liquid into the purification box 3 to achieve wetting and rinsing of the filter component 4 and the inside of the purification box 3.

[0045] Furthermore, the several dust collection components 2 are divided into a first dust collection component and a second dust collection component. The first dust collection component extends vertically through the explosion-proof dust collection box 1 and into the purification box 3. The second dust collection component extends horizontally through the explosion-proof dust collection box 1 and into the purification box 3. Both the first and second dust collection components are located on one side of the filter component 4. Thus, the dust collection components 2 can simultaneously extract dust-laden airflow generated from different locations in the coal mine from both vertical and horizontal directions, such as dust near the roof or dust on the side walls of the roadway, thereby expanding the dust collection coverage area, reducing dust collection dead angles, and enabling the filter surface on the same side of the filter component 4 to capture dust from multiple directions more comprehensively and evenly. This effectively improves the dust collection efficiency under different operating conditions and spatial layouts, and avoids the problem of local dust accumulation or insufficient suction caused by dust collection from a single direction.

[0046] Furthermore, the dust collection assembly 2 includes a dust collection head 21, a first dust collection pipe 22, a vacuum cleaner 23, and a second dust collection pipe 24. The dust collection head 21 is located outside the explosion-proof dust collection box 1, and is a frustum-shaped structure with a larger outer diameter and a smaller inner diameter. The first dust collection pipe 22 passes through the explosion-proof dust collection box 1 and is connected to both the dust collection head 21 and the vacuum cleaner 23. The vacuum cleaner 23 is located between the explosion-proof dust collection box 1 and the purification box 3; specifically, the vacuum cleaner 23 provides suction for the dust-laden airflow. The second dust collection pipe 24 is connected to both the vacuum cleaner 23 and the purification box 3.

[0047] Therefore, by actively generating negative pressure through the vacuum cleaner 23, the dust-laden airflow collected by the suction head 21 is sent into the purification box 3 through the first suction pipe 22, the vacuum cleaner 23, and the second suction pipe 24. This provides stable suction power and significantly improves the dust collection capacity at various working points in the coal mine. The vacuum cleaner 23 is located between the explosion-proof dust collection box 1 and the purification box 3, isolating it from the high-dust environment outside the explosion-proof dust collection box 1 and maintaining a certain distance from the spray area inside the purification box 3. This effectively prevents water mist, mud, or humid gas generated by the spray in the purification box 3 from directly entering the vacuum cleaner 23, avoiding moisture, corrosion, or blockage of the motor and impeller of the vacuum cleaner 23, and extending the service life of the vacuum cleaner 23 under harsh working conditions. Meanwhile, the dust suction head 21 can be arranged at different dust-generating locations such as drilling, blasting, and coal mining as needed. The first dust suction pipe 22 passes through the explosion-proof dust removal box 1 and connects to the dust collector 23, making the entire dust suction path sealed and unobstructed, reducing the risk of dust spillage, and ensuring explosion-proof safety and dust removal efficiency.

[0048] Furthermore, the filter assembly 4 includes a dust filter 41 and an air purification filter 42. Both the dust filter 41 and the air purification filter 42 are detachably connected to the interior of the purification chamber 3, facilitating their removal for regular cleaning or replacement, thus effectively preventing dust from accumulating on the filter surface and causing blockage. Simultaneously, the dust filter 41 and the air purification filter 42 are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction of the dust collection assembly 2; that is, the dust-laden airflow first passes through the dust filter 41 and then through the air purification filter 42. The dust filter 41 is used to intercept larger particles of dust and gravel, effectively filtering solid dust, while the air purification filter 42 is used to adsorb harmful gases, achieving fine filtration.

[0049] Furthermore, the dust filter 41 includes multiple filter discs, a dust filter frame, and a first handle. The dust filter frame is a hollow rectangle, providing a stable mounting frame for the filter discs and allowing airflow to pass smoothly. The dust filter frame is slidably connected to the purification box 3 in the horizontal direction, allowing the dust filter frame to be pulled out or pushed in horizontally from the side of the purification box 3, enabling quick disassembly and replacement. This facilitates regular removal for cleaning or replacement of dust and gravel debris accumulated on the dust filter 41, effectively solving the problem of difficult-to-clean internal accumulation. Multiple filter discs are spaced apart in the front-to-back direction and fixed to the inner wall of the dust filter frame. The spaced-apart filter discs can increase the number of filtration layers within a limited space, intercepting dust-laden airflow multiple times and improving dust collection efficiency. At the same time, the front-to-back spacing is conducive to the graded retention of particles of different sizes, preventing a single disc from clogging too quickly. The first handle is fixed on the outer wall of the dust filter frame away from the purification box 3. The operator can pull the dust filter frame directly by holding the first handle without the need for additional tools, which simplifies the maintenance operation, reduces the difficulty of cleaning, and makes it easy to quickly pull out, clean or replace the dust filter 41 in the harsh environment of underground coal mines.

[0050] Furthermore, the air purification mesh 42 includes a filter frame, an activated carbon layer, two fixed mesh panels, and a second handle. The filter frame is a hollow rectangle, providing a stable mounting frame for the activated carbon layer and the fixed mesh panels, while allowing smooth airflow. The two fixed mesh panels are fixed to the two sides of the filter frame, respectively. The fixed mesh panels are used to hold and protect the activated carbon layer, preventing the activated carbon particles from scattering or shifting during use, while allowing gas to pass through. The activated carbon layer is sandwiched between the two fixed mesh panels. The activated carbon layer can effectively adsorb the fine dust remaining after passing through the dust filter 41, as well as harmful gases generated in the coal mine, achieving fine purification and deep dust removal, further improving the cleanliness of the discharged gas. The second handle is fixed to the outer wall of the filter frame away from the purification box 3. The operator can directly pull out or push in the air purification mesh 42 by holding the second handle, without the need for tools, simplifying maintenance operations and facilitating regular removal, cleaning, or replacement of the activated carbon layer, solving the problem of decreased purification efficiency due to activated carbon saturation or dust accumulation.

[0051] Furthermore, the purification box 3 includes a bottom plate 31 and four side plates 32. The bottom plate 31 and the side plates 32 are slidably connected, allowing the bottom plate 31 to move horizontally relative to the side plates 32, thereby realizing the opening and closing function of the bottom of the purification box 3. The explosion-proof dust removal device also includes a push-pull plate 6, which passes horizontally through the explosion-proof dust removal box 1 and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 31. One end of the push-pull plate 6 extends outside the explosion-proof dust removal box 1, facilitating operation by the operator from the outside. The push-pull plate 6 can drive the bottom plate 31 to slide relative to the side plates 32, forming a bottom opening in the purification box 3, thereby draining the water inside the purification box 3. When sewage discharge and cleaning are required, the operator pulls the push-pull plate 6, and the bottom plate 31 slides horizontally accordingly, creating an opening at the bottom of the purification box 3. The dust-laden wastewater, mud, and gravel debris accumulated at the bottom of the purification box 3 can be directly discharged from the bottom opening without disassembling or emptying the entire purification box 3. This effectively solves the problem of difficult manual cleaning of accumulated debris inside the explosion-proof dust removal device, preventing dust and gravel from accumulating at the bottom of the chamber, occupying space, and blocking airflow channels. Simultaneously, after wastewater discharge, the interior of the purification chamber 3 can be further rinsed, improving maintenance convenience. Once cleaning is complete, pushing the sliding plate 6 resets the bottom plate 31, sealing the bottom, and the purification chamber 3 returns to normal operation.

[0052] Furthermore, the bottom of the purification chamber 3 is also connected to four support legs 7. The support legs 7 are used to support the purification chamber 3 entirely on the bottom surface inside the explosion-proof dust collector 1, creating a gap between the bottom of the purification chamber 3 and the explosion-proof dust collector 1, facilitating ventilation, drainage, and maintenance of the space below. The support legs 7 are fixedly connected to the joints of two adjacent side plates 32 by welding, screwing, or snap-fitting. The four support legs 7 are located at the four corners of the purification chamber 3, providing stable and balanced support and preventing the chamber from tilting or shaking due to a shift in the center of gravity or vibration. Simultaneously, placing the support legs 7 at the joints of adjacent side plates 32 utilizes the structural strength between the side plates 32, improving connection reliability, reducing stress on the bottom plate 31 or the middle of the side plates 32, and extending the service life of the purification chamber 3.

[0053] Furthermore, a drain hole is provided at the bottom of the explosion-proof dust collector 1, corresponding to the area of ​​the purification box 3. The drain hole penetrates the bottom of the explosion-proof dust collector 1 and connects to the bottom area of ​​the purification box 3. This drain hole is used to discharge accumulated dust-laden wastewater, mud, and small gravel from the purification box 3, preventing these debris from accumulating at the bottom of the purification box 3 and occupying space or blocking airflow channels, thus solving the problem of difficult-to-clean internal accumulation. A bottom sealing cover 8 is rotatably connected to one side of the drain hole, allowing the bottom sealing cover 8 to rotate relative to the drain hole to open or close it. When cleaning is required, the operator can rotate to open the bottom sealing cover 8, allowing wastewater and debris to flow directly out of the drain hole. Under normal operating conditions, the bottom sealing cover 8 is rotated to close, restoring the seal of the bottom of the explosion-proof dust collector 1, preventing external dust from entering or air leakage, while ensuring explosion-proof safety requirements. Bottom drainage can be quickly completed without disassembling the explosion-proof dust collector 1, significantly improving maintenance convenience and cleaning efficiency.

[0054] It should be noted that the spray assembly 5 does not operate continuously during the operation of the explosion-proof dust removal device. It only activates when the filter assembly 4 and the interior of the purification chamber 3 require cleaning. When the spray assembly 5 is in operation, the air purification screen 42 must first be disconnected from the purification chamber 3 and removed or moved away to prevent the water sprayed from the spray assembly 5 from directly washing the activated carbon layer. Because the activated carbon layer has a porous adsorption structure, direct washing with water can cause blockage of the activated carbon pores or a decrease in adsorption capacity, affecting its purification performance for fine dust and harmful gases. After removing the air purification screen 42, the spray assembly 5 is activated again, causing the spray head 55 to spray water mist or cleaning solution into the purification chamber 3 and onto the dust filter screen 41. At this time, the dust filter screen 41 is directly washed clean of dust, gravel, and other contaminants adhering to the multiple filter screens by the spray assembly 5. The washed wastewater and debris are discharged from the bottom of the purification chamber 3. After cleaning is complete and the dust filter 41 is drained or reset, the clean air filter 42 is reinstalled back into the purification box 3 to restore the complete two-stage filtration function of the filter assembly 4. This sequence of operations effectively cleans the dust filter 41 while avoiding damage to the activated carbon layer caused by spraying, thus ensuring the overall dust removal effect and service life of the machine.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the air purification net 42 in this embodiment is provided with an elastic opening and closing component at the position where it passes through the purification box 3. This component is used to automatically close the opening after the air purification net 42 is pulled out, so as to prevent the sprayed water mist or dust from overflowing from the opening.

[0057] In this embodiment, a rectangular opening is provided on one of the side plates 32 of the purification box 3. The size of the rectangular opening is slightly larger than the cross-section of the filter frame of the air purification mesh 42, so that the air purification mesh 42 can be inserted or pulled out horizontally through the rectangular opening. An elastic opening and closing component is installed at the rectangular opening, and the elastic opening and closing component includes an opening and closing plate, a torsion spring, and a connecting shaft.

[0058] The hinge plate is rectangular and flat, with dimensions larger than the rectangular opening. One edge of the hinge plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side plate 32 of the purification chamber 3 via a connecting shaft. In this embodiment, the connecting shaft is located at the upper edge of the opening, allowing the hinge plate to rotate up and down around the connecting shaft. A torsion spring is sleeved on the connecting shaft. One torsion arm of the torsion spring abuts against the inner side of the hinge plate, and the other torsion arm abuts against the inner wall of the side plate 32 of the purification chamber 3. Under the preload of the torsion spring, the hinge plate is pressed against the side plate 32 of the purification chamber 3, completely covering the opening. The side of the hinge plate away from the connecting shaft (i.e., the lower side) is tightly pressed against the inner wall of the side plate 32 of the purification chamber 3 under the action of the torsion spring, thereby achieving a sealed closure of the opening.

[0059] When it is necessary to insert the air filter 42 into the purification chamber 3, the operator holds the second handle, aligns the front end of the filter frame of the air filter 42 with the rectangular opening, and pushes it forward. The front edge of the filter frame first contacts the outer side of the opening plate. Under the action of the pushing force, it overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring, causing the opening plate to flip open around the connecting axis towards the inside of the purification chamber 3, exposing the rectangular opening. The air filter 42 can then smoothly pass through the rectangular opening and enter the interior of the purification chamber 3. When the air filter 42 is fully inserted, the outer side of the opening plate abuts against the side of the filter frame of the air filter 42, and the torsion spring is in a compressed state.

[0060] When the air purification screen 42 needs to be removed from the purification chamber 3 for cleaning or replacement, the operator pulls the second handle outward, and the air purification screen 42 moves towards the opening. After the rear end of the air purification screen 42 (i.e., the end where the second handle is located) leaves the opening area, the opening plate automatically springs back towards the side plate 32 of the purification chamber 3 under the restoring force of the torsion spring, covering and sealing the opening again to prevent water mist, dust or activated carbon particles in the purification chamber 3 from leaking out of the opening.

[0061] With the aforementioned flexible opening and closing mechanism, the purification box 3 can still maintain a relative seal when the air purification screen 42 is pulled out. This facilitates the spray assembly 5 to wash the dust filter screen 41 while preventing dust-laden wastewater or water mist from splashing outwards, thus improving the safety and ease of operation of the device. Furthermore, the opening and closing of the opening and closing plate is automatically completed with the insertion and removal of the air purification screen 42, requiring no additional manual operation and simplifying the maintenance process.

[0062] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0063] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0065] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0066] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines, characterized in that, It includes an explosion-proof dust collection box (1), several dust collection components (2), a purification box (3), a filter component (4), and a spray component (5); The purification box (3) is placed inside the explosion-proof dust removal box (1). Several dust collection components (2) are installed around the explosion-proof dust removal box (1), and the dust collection components (2) pass through the explosion-proof dust removal box (1) and communicate with the purification box (3). The filter component (4) is detachably connected to the purification box (3). The dust collection component (2) is located on one side of the purification box (3), and the airflow of the dust collection component (2) passes through the filter surface of the filter component (4). The spray component (5) passes through the explosion-proof dust removal box (1) and extends into the interior of the purification box (3).

2. The explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spray assembly (5) includes a water tank (51), a first connecting water pipe (52), multiple second connecting water pipes (53), a multi-port connector (54), and multiple spray heads (55). The water tank (51) is fixed to the upper surface of the explosion-proof dust removal box (1). The first connecting water pipe (52) passes through the explosion-proof dust removal box (1) and is connected to the water tank (51) and the multi-port connector (54) respectively. The second connecting water pipe (53) passes through the purification box (3) and is connected to the multi-port connector (54) and the spray head (55) respectively. The multiple spray heads (55) are fixed on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the purification box (3) respectively.

3. The explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of the dust collection components (2) are divided into a first dust collection component and a second dust collection component. The first dust collection component extends vertically through the explosion-proof dust collection box (1) and into the purification box (3). The second dust collection component extends horizontally through the explosion-proof dust collection box (1) and into the purification box (3). Both the first dust collection component and the second dust collection component are located on one side of the filter component (4).

4. The explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuuming assembly (2) includes a vacuum head (21), a first vacuum pipe (22), a vacuum cleaner (23), and a second vacuum pipe (24); The suction head (21) is located outside the explosion-proof dust removal box (1). The first suction pipe (22) passes through the explosion-proof dust removal box (1) and is connected to the suction head (21) and the vacuum cleaner (23) respectively. The vacuum cleaner (23) is located between the explosion-proof dust removal box (1) and the purification box (3). The second suction pipe (24) is connected to the vacuum cleaner (23) and the purification box (3) respectively.

5. The explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (4) includes a dust filter (41) and an air purification filter (42). Both the dust filter (41) and the air purification filter (42) can be detachably connected to the interior of the purification box (3), and the dust filter (41) and the air purification filter (42) are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction of the dust collection assembly (2).

6. The explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The dust filter (41) includes multiple filter plates, a dust filter frame, and a first handle; The dust filter frame is a hollow rectangle. The dust filter frame is slidably connected to the purification box (3) in the horizontal direction. A plurality of filter screens are spaced apart in the front-back direction and fixed to the inner wall of the dust filter frame. The first handle is fixed to the outer wall of the dust filter frame away from the purification box (3).

7. The explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The air purification mesh (42) includes an air filter frame, an activated carbon layer, two fixed mesh panels, and a second handle; The air filter frame is a hollow rectangle, and two fixed mesh plates are fixed to the two sides of the air filter frame respectively. The activated carbon layer is sandwiched between the two fixed mesh plates, and the second handle is fixed to the outer wall of the air filter frame away from the purification box (3).

8. The explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The purification box (3) includes a bottom plate (31) and four side plates (32), wherein the bottom plate (31) and the side plates (32) are slidably connected; The explosion-proof dust removal device also includes a push-pull plate (6), which passes through the explosion-proof dust removal box (1) in a horizontal direction and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (31). The push-pull plate (6) can drive the bottom plate (31) to slide relative to the side plate (32) to form a bottom opening of the purification box (3) so as to discharge the water in the purification box (3).

9. The explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the purification box (3) is also connected to four support legs (7), which are fixedly connected to the connection of two adjacent side plates (32).

10. The explosion-proof dust removal device for underground coal mines as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the explosion-proof dust collector (1) is provided with a drain hole in the area corresponding to the purification box (3). A bottom sealing cover (8) is rotatably connected to one side of the drain hole to open or close the drain hole.

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