Precombustion mechanism, ignition device, engine, and vehicle

Abstract

This application relates to the field of engine technology, and more particularly to a pre-combustion mechanism, an ignition device, an engine, and a vehicle. The pre-combustion mechanism includes a pre-combustion chamber and a housing assembly. The housing assembly has a first through-hole and a second through-hole, the first through-hole being smaller than the second through-hole. The pre-combustion mechanism has an ignition state and a scavenging state. In the ignition state, the pre-combustion chamber communicates with the engine's combustion chamber through the first through-hole; in the scavenging state, the pre-combustion chamber communicates with the engine's combustion chamber through the second through-hole. This application improves the pre-combustion mechanism in the engine's ignition device. During the engine's compression and expansion phases, the pre-combustion mechanism is in the ignition state, injecting a high-temperature, high-pressure flame into the combustion chamber through the smaller first through-hole; during the engine's intake and exhaust phases, the pre-combustion mechanism is in the scavenging state, with the pre-combustion chamber scavenging through the larger second through-hole, reducing residual exhaust gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to a pre-combustion mechanism, ignition device, engine, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, to achieve faster combustion and higher fuel efficiency in engines, a pre-combustion chamber is incorporated into the engine's ignition system. This pre-combustion chamber has a small hole connecting to the engine's combustion chamber. During ignition, the igniter first ignites the air-fuel mixture within the pre-combustion chamber. The resulting high-temperature, high-pressure flame is then "sprayed" into the combustion chamber, igniting the air-fuel mixture there as well. This design not only improves thermal efficiency but also enhances anti-knock performance. However, the exhaust gases and other combustion residues within the pre-combustion chamber are difficult to effectively remove, affecting subsequent operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a pre-combustion mechanism, an ignition device, an engine, and a vehicle to alleviate the problem of difficulty in discharging residual exhaust gas from the pre-combustion chamber.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a pre-combustion mechanism is provided, including a pre-combustion chamber and a housing assembly, wherein the housing assembly is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole being smaller than the second through hole;

[0005] The pre-combustion mechanism has an ignition state and an air exchange state:

[0006] In the ignition state, the pre-combustion chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the engine through the first through hole;

[0007] In the scavenging state, the pre-combustion chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the engine through the second through hole.

[0008] In one embodiment of this application, the housing assembly includes:

[0009] The first housing is provided with the first through hole and the second through hole;

[0010] The second housing is movably disposed relative to the first housing to block the second through hole in the ignition state and to open the second through hole in the ventilation state.

[0011] In one embodiment of this application, the second housing includes a hollow portion and a solid portion;

[0012] In the ignition state, the solid portion corresponds to the position of the second through hole;

[0013] In the ventilation state, the hollowed-out portion corresponds to the position of the second through hole.

[0014] In one embodiment of this application, the area of ​​the hollow portion is greater than or equal to that of the second through hole.

[0015] In one embodiment of this application, the area of ​​the solid portion is greater than or equal to that of the second through hole.

[0016] In one embodiment of this application, the solid portion blocks the first through hole during the ventilation state.

[0017] In one embodiment of this application, the solid portion is provided with a third through hole, which is smaller than the second through hole.

[0018] In one embodiment of this application, during the ventilation state, the third through hole is offset from the first through hole on the first housing.

[0019] In one embodiment of this application, the first housing forms the pre-combustion chamber, and the second housing is disposed outside or inside the pre-combustion chamber.

[0020] In one embodiment of this application, the first housing includes a first cylindrical structure and a first partition structure, the first partition structure enclosing one end of the first cylindrical structure, and the first through hole and the second through hole are disposed in the first partition structure.

[0021] In one embodiment of this application, the first partition structure is provided with a plurality of second through holes.

[0022] In one embodiment of this application, a plurality of second through holes are spaced apart around the axial direction of the first cylindrical structure.

[0023] In one embodiment of this application, at least one first through hole is provided between two adjacent second through holes.

[0024] In one embodiment of this application, the second housing includes a second cylindrical structure and a second partition structure. The second partition structure closes one end of the second cylindrical structure. The second cylindrical structure is coaxially sleeved with the first cylindrical structure. The hollow portion and the solid portion are disposed in the second partition structure.

[0025] In one embodiment of this application, the second partition structure is provided with a plurality of hollow portions and a plurality of solid portions.

[0026] In one embodiment of this application, a plurality of the solid portions are spaced apart around the axial direction of the second cylindrical structure, and the hollow portion is disposed between two adjacent solid portions.

[0027] In one embodiment of this application, the first partition structure and the second partition structure are arc-shaped.

[0028] In one embodiment of this application, the first housing is rotatably connected to the cylinder head of the engine, and the second housing is sleeved on the outside of the first housing and fixedly connected to the cylinder head.

[0029] In one embodiment of this application, the pre-combustion mechanism further includes a driving member, which is throttle-connected to the first housing.

[0030] In one embodiment of this application, the outer peripheral surface of the first housing is provided with toothed patterns, and the output end of the drive member is provided with a gear, which meshes with the toothed patterns.

[0031] According to a second aspect of this application, an ignition device is provided, including a pre-combustion mechanism for an engine as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0032] According to a third aspect of this application, an engine is provided, including an ignition device as described in the second aspect.

[0033] According to a fourth aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided, including an engine as described in the third aspect.

[0034] In the technical solution of this application, by improving the pre-combustion mechanism in the engine ignition device, a housing assembly with a smaller first through-hole and a larger second through-hole is provided between the pre-combustion chamber and the engine combustion chamber, enabling the pre-combustion mechanism to operate in two states: ignition and scavenging. Specifically, during the engine compression and expansion phases, it operates in the ignition state, injecting a high-temperature, high-pressure flame into the combustion chamber through the smaller first through-hole; during the engine intake and exhaust phases, the pre-combustion mechanism operates in the scavenging state, with the pre-combustion chamber ventilating through the larger second through-hole to reduce residual exhaust gas.

[0035] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of an ignition device provided in one embodiment of this disclosure;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a housing assembly provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 3 This is an ignition state diagram of the pre-combustion mechanism provided in one embodiment of this disclosure;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the ventilation status of a pre-combustion mechanism provided in one embodiment of this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of a housing assembly provided in one embodiment of this disclosure;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first housing provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second housing provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 AA cross-section view;

[0046] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 BB cross-section;

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a housing assembly provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 11 This is an ignition state diagram of the pre-combustion mechanism provided in another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0049] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the ventilation status of the pre-combustion mechanism provided in another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0050] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second housing provided in yet another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0051] Figure 14 This is an ignition state diagram of the pre-combustion mechanism provided in yet another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0052] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the ventilation status of the pre-combustion mechanism provided in yet another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0053] Figure 16 This is a diagram showing the ventilation status of the pre-combustion mechanism provided in another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0054] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0055] 1000 - Cylinder head, 2000 - Combustion chamber

[0056] 3000 - Ignition device, 3001 - Igniter, 3002 - Pre-combustion mechanism

[0057] 1-Pre-combustion chamber,

[0058] 2-Housing assembly,

[0059] 21-First shell, 211-First cylindrical structure, 212-First partition structure, 2121-First through hole, 2122-Second through hole, 213-Extension, 2131-Toothed pattern

[0060] 22-Second shell, 221-Second cylindrical structure, 222-Second partition structure, 2221-Hollowed-out portion, 2222-Solid portion, 2223-Third through hole,

[0061] 3-Drive component, 31-Gear,

[0062] CL - Axis direction. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0064] A car engine generally includes a cylinder and a spark plug. The cylinder includes a combustion chamber and a piston located in the combustion chamber. The spark plug acts as an igniter. When the spark plug is energized, it generates an electric spark, which ignites the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber. The resulting high-temperature, high-pressure gas expands rapidly and pushes the piston to generate kinetic energy.

[0065] In some high-performance engines, a pre-combustion chamber is installed between the igniter and the combustion chamber. This pre-combustion chamber has a small orifice connecting to the combustion chamber. During ignition, the igniter first ignites the air-fuel mixture in the pre-combustion chamber. The high-temperature, high-pressure flame generated at the moment of ignition is then "sprayed" into the combustion chamber, igniting the air-fuel mixture there. This design not only improves the combustion speed and fuel efficiency within the combustion chamber but also enhances anti-knock performance. However, to achieve this injection ignition, the orifice diameter is relatively small, making it difficult for exhaust gases and other combustion residues generated in the pre-combustion chamber to escape, potentially affecting subsequent operation.

[0066] In related technologies, a fuel injection pipe is considered, with a fuel-air switching mechanism installed at the inlet of the injection pipe. This allows the fuel injection pipe to intermittently spray gas while injecting fuel into the pre-combustion chamber, thus purging residual exhaust gases and other contaminants from the pre-combustion chamber through small holes. While this approach can reduce residual exhaust gases in the pre-combustion chamber, the fuel-air switching mechanism and its associated high-pressure fuel and high-pressure gas supply mechanisms are complex. Furthermore, the ignition device itself is relatively small, and the space on the engine cylinder head is limited, making implementation difficult. Additionally, solid impurities from combustion residues can easily clog the small holes under high-pressure gas purging, potentially causing ignition failure.

[0067] Based on the above problems, this application provides a pre-combustion mechanism, ignition device, engine, and vehicle to alleviate the problem of difficulty in discharging residual exhaust gas from the pre-combustion chamber.

[0068] According to the first aspect of this application, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a pre-combustion mechanism 3002.

[0069] The pre-combustion mechanism 3002 includes a pre-combustion chamber 1 and a housing assembly 2. The housing assembly 2 is located between the pre-combustion chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2000 of the engine. The housing assembly 2 is provided with a first through hole 2121 and a second through hole 2122. The first through hole 2121 is smaller than the second through hole 2122.

[0070] As an example, "the first through hole 2121 is smaller than the second through hole 2122" means that the flow area of ​​the first through hole 2121 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the second through hole 2122, or in other words, the opening of the first through hole 2121 is smaller than that of the second through hole 2122. For example, when the radial cross-sections of the first through hole 2121 and the second through hole 2122 are both circular, the diameter of the first through hole 2121 is smaller than the diameter of the second through hole 2122. It is understood that the radial cross-sections of the first through hole 2121 and the second through hole 2122 can also be other shapes, such as triangles, rectangles, pentagons, ... sectors, waists, ellipses, etc.

[0071] In this embodiment, the pre-combustion mechanism 3002 has an ignition state and a ventilation state. For example... Figure 3 As shown, in the ignition state, the pre-combustion chamber 1 is connected to the engine's combustion chamber 2000 through the first through-hole 2121. Figure 4 As shown, in the scavenging state, the pre-combustion chamber 1 is connected to the combustion chamber 2000 of the engine through the second through hole 2122.

[0072] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment, by providing a housing assembly 2 with a smaller first through hole 2121 and a larger second through hole 2122 between the pre-combustion chamber 1 and the engine combustion chamber 2000, enables the pre-combustion mechanism 3002 to have two operating states: ignition state and scavenging state. Specifically, during the engine compression and expansion phase, the pre-combustion mechanism 3002 is in the ignition state, injecting a high-temperature, high-pressure flame into the combustion chamber 2000 through the smaller first through hole 2121; during the engine intake and exhaust phases, the pre-combustion mechanism 3002 is in the scavenging state, with the pre-combustion chamber 1 ventilating through the larger second through hole 2122 to reduce residual exhaust gas.

[0073] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the housing assembly 2 includes a first housing 21 and a second housing 22. Wherein, as... Figure 6 As shown, the first housing 21 has a first through hole 2121 and a second through hole 2122. The second housing 22 is movably disposed relative to the first housing 21 to block the second through hole 2122 in the ignition state and open the second through hole 2122 in the ventilation state. By providing a first housing 21 with the first through hole 2121 and the second through hole 2122, and a second housing 22 that can move relative to it, the switching between the ignition state and the ventilation state is achieved mechanically, resulting in high reliability.

[0074] The relative movability of the second housing 22 and the first housing 21 means that one of the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 is fixed and the other is movable, or both are movable to realize the opening and closing of the second through hole 2122.

[0075] As an example of this application, combined with Figure 1 As shown, the second housing 22 is fixedly connected to the engine cylinder head 1000, and the first housing 21 is movably connected to the engine cylinder head 1000. In other embodiments, the first housing 21 may be fixedly connected to the engine cylinder head 1000, and the second housing 22 may be movably connected to the engine cylinder head 1000; alternatively, both the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 may be movably connected to the engine cylinder head 1000, and their directions of movement may be opposite.

[0076] like Figure 7 As shown, the second housing 22 includes a cutout portion 2221 and a solid portion 2222. The cutout portion 2221 is an opening provided on the second housing 22, and the solid portion 2222 is located in the area of ​​the second housing 22 outside the opening.

[0077] In other embodiments, the second housing 22 may also be configured to have only a solid portion 2222, the second housing 22 being movable relative to the first housing 21 and having an initial position and a final position; when the second housing 22 is in the initial position, a cutout portion 2221 is formed at the final position due to the lack of obstruction; when the second housing 22 is in the final position, a cutout portion 2221 is formed at the initial position due to the lack of obstruction.

[0078] Please refer to again Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The area defined by the dashed line indicates the second through hole 2122. In the ignition state, the solid part 2222 corresponds to the position of the second through hole 2122. The solid part 2222 blocks the second through hole 2122, so that the pre-combustion chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2000 are connected through the first through hole 2121 to achieve injection ignition.

[0079] Please refer to again Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The area defined by the dashed line indicates the first through hole 2121. In the ventilation state, the hollow part 2221 corresponds to the position of the second through hole 2122. The second through hole 2122 is exposed to the hollow part 2221, so that the pre-combustion chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2000 are connected through the second through hole 2122, thereby realizing the ventilation of the pre-combustion chamber 1.

[0080] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the cutout portion 2221 is greater than or equal to that of the second through hole 2122, so that the second through hole 2122 is not blocked at all during ventilation, thus providing a better ventilation effect.

[0081] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the solid portion 2222 is greater than or equal to the second through hole 2122, so as to ensure that the second through hole 2122 is completely blocked in the ignition state, thereby ensuring that the pre-combustion chamber 1 has a relatively higher temperature and a relatively higher pressure, and thus ensuring the effect of injection ignition.

[0082] It should be noted that the shapes of the hollow part 2221, the solid part 2222, the first through hole 2121 and the second through hole 2122 can be set to be different or the same, as long as they can effectively block and open.

[0083] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4 As shown, the solid part 2222 blocks the first through hole 2121 in the ventilation state, thereby preventing residual exhaust gas from passing through the first through hole 2121 and causing the first through hole 2121 to become blocked.

[0084] In this application, the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 are stacked in the direction from the pre-combustion chamber 1 to the combustion chamber 2000, wherein one is relatively closer to the combustion chamber 2000, or the other is closer to the combustion chamber 2000.

[0085] In some embodiments, the first housing 21 forms a pre-combustion chamber 1. If the pre-combustion chamber 1 is the inner part and the combustion chamber 2000 is the outer part, then the second housing 22 is disposed inside or outside the pre-combustion chamber 1. In other words, the second housing 22 is fitted to the inner wall or outer wall of the first housing 21.

[0086] The following description assumes that the second housing 22 is located outside the first housing 21.

[0087] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the first housing 21 includes a first cylindrical structure 211 and a first partition structure 212. The first partition structure 212 closes one end of the first cylindrical structure 211, and a first through hole 2121 and a second through hole 2122 are disposed in the first partition structure 212.

[0088] The first cylindrical structure 211 can be installed in the igniter 3001 mounting hole provided on the cylinder head 1000. The first partition structure 212 closes the outer end of the first cylindrical structure 211, and the inner end of the first cylindrical structure 211 faces the igniter 3001, thereby forming a pre-combustion chamber 1 inside the first cylindrical structure 211.

[0089] The first through hole 2121 and the second through hole 2122 are provided in the first partition structure 212 for connecting the pre-combustion chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2000.

[0090] In some embodiments, the first partition structure 212 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 2122 to increase the flow area and accelerate ventilation.

[0091] Optionally, please combine Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, multiple second through holes 2122 are spaced apart around the axial direction CL of the first cylindrical structure 211 to allow air exchange from multiple directions in the circumferential direction of the first cylindrical structure 211, reducing dead zones in air exchange and improving the air exchange and impurity removal effects.

[0092] The number of first through holes 2121 can be one, for example, one first through hole 2121 is provided at the center position of the first partition structure 212. Optionally, the number of first through holes 2121 can also be multiple. Multiple first through holes 2121 can be configured to be distributed at the center position of the first partition structure 212, or they can be configured to be distributed at different positions of the first partition structure 212 to inject ignition from different directions.

[0093] As an example of this application, such as Figure 6As shown, at least one first through hole 2121 is provided between two adjacent second through holes 2122. With this arrangement, the first through holes 2121 and the second through holes 2122 are distributed in a cross pattern, which not only enables ignition from multiple directions, but also makes the rigidity of each part of the first partition structure 212 consistent, and is not prone to local deformation or damage.

[0094] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the second shell 22 includes a second cylindrical structure 221 and a second partition structure 222. The second partition structure 222 closes one end of the second cylindrical structure 221, and a hollow part 2221 and a solid part 2222 are disposed in the second partition structure 222.

[0095] like Figure 10 As shown, the second cylindrical structure 221 is coaxially fitted with the first cylindrical structure 211, so that the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 can rotate relative to each other around the same axis, thereby allowing the first partition structure 212 and the second partition structure 222 to rotate relative to each other, realizing the switching between ignition state and ventilation state. With this configuration, the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 are stably assembled and move, and are less prone to mechanical failure.

[0096] In some embodiments, the second partition structure 222 is provided with a plurality of hollow portions 2221 and a plurality of solid portions 2222. By providing a plurality of hollow portions 2221 and a plurality of solid portions 2222, when the number of second through holes 2122 on the first housing 21 is small, for example, when the number of second through holes 2122 is one, or in other embodiments where the number of second through holes 2122 is less than the number of solid portions 2222 and less than the number of hollow portions 2221, the opening and closing of the second through holes 2122 can be achieved with a small relative rotation angle between the first housing 21 and the second housing 22, which is beneficial for quickly switching between ignition and ventilation states and improving ignition and ventilation speeds. In embodiments where the number of second through holes 2122 is equal to the number of solid portions 2222 and the number of hollow portions 2221, it can be ensured that the plurality of second through holes 2122 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of solid portions 2222 in the ignition state and one-to-one with the plurality of hollow portions 2221 in the ventilation state.

[0097] In some embodiments, a plurality of solid parts 2222 are spaced apart around the axial direction CL of the second cylindrical structure 221, and a hollow part 2221 is disposed between two adjacent solid parts 2222. With such a arrangement, the plurality of hollow parts 2221 and the plurality of solid parts 2222 are distributed at intervals around the axial direction CL of the second cylindrical structure 221, which not only realizes air exchange from multiple directions, reduces dead angles for air exchange and impurity removal, and improves air exchange efficiency, but also makes the rigidity of each part of the second partition structure 222 uniform, and is not easy to be deformed or damaged locally.

[0098] Furthermore, in the embodiment where multiple first through holes 2121 and multiple second through holes 2122 are arranged at intervals around the axial direction CL of the first cylindrical structure 211, multiple hollow portions 2221 and multiple solid portions 2222 are arranged at intervals around the axial direction CL of the second cylindrical structure 221. This allows all the second through holes 2122 to be blocked and closed by a relatively small angle of relative rotation between the first housing 21 and the second housing 22. This is beneficial for quickly switching between ignition and ventilation states, and for improving ignition and ventilation speeds.

[0099] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the first partition structure 212 and the second partition structure 222 are arc-shaped. Understandably, the first partition structure 212 is a structure with both its inner and outer surfaces being arc-shaped, and the second partition structure 222 is also a structure with both its inner and outer surfaces being arc-shaped. For example, both the first partition structure 212 and the second partition structure 222 are hemispherical shells.

[0100] By setting the first partition structure 212 and the second partition structure 222 to be arc-shaped, the first partition structure 212 and the second partition structure 222 achieve spherical fit through their inner and outer surfaces. Without the addition of friction-reducing devices such as ball bearings or bearings between the first partition structure 212 and the second partition structure 222, the relative rotation of the two can be made more stable, and the gap between the first partition structure 212 and the second partition structure 222 can be reduced, so as to further improve the temperature and pressure of the pre-combustion chamber 1 in the ignition state.

[0101] The pre-combustion mechanism 3002 provided in this application embodiment also includes a driving component 3, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the driving member 3 is connected to the first housing 21 in a transmission connection to drive the first housing 21 to rotate, so that the second through hole 2122 on the first housing 21 changes position relative to the hollow part 2221 and the solid part 2222 on the second housing 22, and so that the first through hole 2121 on the first housing 21 changes position relative to the hollow part 2221 and the solid part 2222 on the second housing 22.

[0102] There are various transmission methods between the drive unit 3 and the first housing 21. For example, the transmission can be achieved by using an electric cylinder and a connecting rod (not shown in the figure). The connecting rod connects the piston rod of the electric cylinder and the first housing 21. The piston rod of the electric cylinder drives the connecting rod to swing back and forth, thereby causing the first housing 21 to move back and forth or swing relative to the second housing 22.

[0103] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the outer peripheral surface of the first housing 21 is provided with teeth 2131, and the output end of the drive unit 3 is provided with a gear 31, which meshes with the teeth 2131.

[0104] As an example of this application, the first housing 21 is rotatably inserted into the second housing 22. The first housing 21 has an extension 213 located outside the second housing 22, and teeth 2131 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the extension 213.

[0105] As mentioned above, the inner and outer positions of the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 in the embodiments of this application can be interchanged. Figure 11 and Figure 12 A schematic diagram is shown showing the first housing 21 located outside the second housing 22.

[0106] like Figure 11 As shown, the area defined by the dotted line indicates the hollow part 2221. The solid part 2222 is located between two adjacent hollow parts 2221. In the ignition state, the solid part 2222 corresponds to the second through hole 2122. The solid part 2222 blocks the second through hole 2122, so that the pre-combustion chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2000 are connected through the first through hole 2121 to realize injection ignition.

[0107] Figure 12 The area defined by the dotted line indicates the hollowed-out portion 2221. The solid portion 2222 is located between two adjacent hollowed-out portions 2221, combined with... Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 12 As shown, in the ventilation state, the hollow part 2221 corresponds to the position of the second through hole 2122, and the second through hole 2122 is exposed to the hollow part 2221, so that the pre-combustion chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2000 are connected through the second through hole 2122, thereby realizing the ventilation of the pre-combustion chamber 1.

[0108] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 13 As shown, the solid portion 2222 is provided with a third through hole 2223, which is smaller than the second through hole 2122. By providing the third through hole 2223, as... Figure 14 As shown, Figure 14 The first housing 21 is located inside the second housing 22. Figure 14 The dashed line indicates the second through hole 2122. In the ignition state, the solid part 2222 corresponds to the position of the second through hole 2122, and the solid part 2222 blocks the second through hole 2122. The third through hole 2223 on the solid part 2222 connects the pre-combustion chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 2000. The third through hole 2223 is used for injection ignition, thereby increasing the number of injection ignition points and improving the combustion speed and power. Optionally, the third through hole 2223 is the same size as the first through hole 2121, or smaller than the first through hole 2121.

[0109] Furthermore, by providing a third through hole 2223 in the solid part 2222, the number of first through holes 2121 can be reduced while keeping the injection ignition point the same. At the same time, the number of second through holes 2122 can be reduced, while the flow area of ​​a single second through hole 2122 can be further increased.

[0110] like Figure 15 As shown, Figure 15 The first housing 21 is located inside the second housing 22. In the ventilation state, the first through hole 2121 and the third through hole 2223 are in corresponding positions, allowing ventilation not only from the second through hole 2122 and the hollow part 2221, but also from the first through hole 2121 and the third through hole 2223.

[0111] In some embodiments, such as Figure 16 As shown, in the ventilation state, the third through hole 2223 is offset from the first through hole 2121 on the first housing 21, so that the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 mutually block and seal the first through hole 2121 and the third through hole 2223, preventing impurities from clogging the smaller first through hole 2121 and the third through hole 2223. As an example of this application, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the first through hole 2121 and the second through hole 2122 are offset radially from each other in the housing assembly 2. In other embodiments, the first through hole 2121 and the second through hole 2122 are offset circumferentially from each other in the housing assembly 2. Alternatively, the first through hole 2121 and the second through hole 2122 are offset both radially and circumferentially from each other in the housing assembly 2.

[0112] According to the second aspect of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an ignition device 3000 is provided, which includes a pre-combustion mechanism 3002 for an engine provided in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0113] The ignition device 3000 also includes an igniter 3001, the ignition end of which is located in the pre-combustion chamber 1 of the pre-combustion mechanism 3002. The igniter 3001 includes a spark plug.

[0114] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, an engine is provided, including the ignition device 3000 provided in the second aspect. The engine includes a cylinder block having a cylinder head 1000, a combustion chamber 2000 disposed therein, and the ignition device 3000 is mounted on the cylinder head 1000.

[0115] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of this application, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle including the engine of the third aspect described above, the ignition device 3000 of the engine of the vehicle being provided with a pre-combustion mechanism 3002 provided in any embodiment of the first aspect, thereby having better power performance and fuel efficiency.

[0116] The vehicle may be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, etc., and this disclosure does not make any specific limitations.

[0117] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0118] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0119] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0120] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A pre-chamber for an engine, characterized in that, The pre-combustion mechanism includes a pre-combustion chamber and a housing assembly. The housing assembly is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, wherein the first through hole is smaller than the second through hole. The pre-combustion mechanism has an ignition state and an air exchange state: In the ignition state, the pre-combustion chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the engine through the first through hole; In the suspension state, the pre-combustion chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the engine through the second through hole.

2. The engine pre-chamber according to claim 1, wherein The housing assembly includes: The first housing is provided with the first through hole and the second through hole; The second housing is movably disposed relative to the first housing to block the second through hole in the ignition state and to open the second through hole in the ventilation state.

3. The pre-combustion mechanism of the engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second housing includes a hollow portion and a solid portion; In the ignition state, the solid portion corresponds to the position of the second through hole; In the ventilation state, the hollowed-out portion corresponds to the position of the second through hole.

4. The engine pre-combustion mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The area of ​​the hollowed-out portion is greater than or equal to that of the second through hole.

5. The engine pre-combustion mechanism according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The area of ​​the solid portion is greater than or equal to that of the second through hole.

6. The pre-combustion mechanism of the engine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solid part blocks the first through hole during the ventilation state.

7. The pre-combustion mechanism of the engine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solid part is provided with a third through hole, which is smaller than the second through hole.

8. The pre-combustion mechanism of the engine according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the ventilation state, the third through hole is offset from the first through hole on the first housing.

9. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to any one of claims 3-8, characterized in that, The first housing forms the pre-combustion chamber, and the second housing is disposed outside or inside the pre-combustion chamber.

10. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first housing includes a first cylindrical structure and a first partition structure. The first partition structure closes one end of the first cylindrical structure, and the first through hole and the second through hole are disposed in the first partition structure.

11. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first partition structure is provided with a plurality of second through holes.

12. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 11, characterized in that, Multiple second through holes are spaced apart around the axial direction of the first cylindrical structure.

13. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 11, characterized in that, At least one first through hole is provided between two adjacent second through holes.

14. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second housing includes a second cylindrical structure and a second partition structure. The second partition structure closes one end of the second cylindrical structure. The second cylindrical structure is coaxially sleeved with the first cylindrical structure. The hollow portion and the solid portion are disposed in the second partition structure.

15. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 14, characterized in that, The second partition structure has multiple hollowed-out portions and multiple solid portions.

16. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 15, characterized in that, The plurality of solid parts are spaced apart around the axial direction of the second cylindrical structure, and the hollowed-out part is disposed between two adjacent solid parts.

17. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 16, characterized in that, The first and second partition structures are arc-shaped.

18. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first housing is rotatably connected to the cylinder head of the engine, and the second housing is fitted over the outside of the first housing and fixedly connected to the cylinder head.

19. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 18, characterized in that, The pre-combustion mechanism also includes a driving component, which is connected to the first housing in a transmission manner.

20. The pre-combustion mechanism for an engine according to claim 19, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the first housing is provided with toothed patterns, and the output end of the drive component is provided with a gear, which meshes with the toothed patterns.

21. An ignition device, characterized in that, Includes a pre-combustion mechanism for an engine as described in any one of claims 1-20.

22. An engine, characterized in that, Includes the ignition device as described in claim 21.

23. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the engine as described in claim 22.

Images