A noise-reducing bearing with an integrated micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of bearings, specifically to a noise-reducing bearing with an integrated micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure. Rolling elements are disposed between the inner and outer rings of the bearing, and these rolling elements are positioned at intervals by a cage. A sealing ring is disposed on one side of the outer ring. The sealing ring has a mounting structure for installing the micro-perforated plate. The micro-perforated plate is annular and installed at the sealing ring, with a uniform array of micropores. An air cavity is formed between the micro-perforated plate and the sealing ring, constituting the back cavity of the sound-absorbing structure. In this invention, by setting a micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure at the bearing's sealing structure, the bearing maintains its original sealing function while possessing active sound absorption capability. When noise generated during bearing operation propagates to the micro-perforated plate, sound waves enter the micropores, generating viscous friction and heat exchange between the air and the pore walls within the micropore channels, thereby converting some of the sound energy into heat energy and dissipating it.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearings, specifically to a noise-reducing bearing with an integrated micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure. Background Technology

[0002] Bearings are essential basic components in mechanical equipment used to support rotating shafts and withstand radial and axial loads. They are widely used in machine tools, automobiles, motors, wind power generation equipment, and various industrial machinery. During bearing operation, factors such as contact friction between rolling elements and raceways, cage movement, changes in lubrication conditions, and manufacturing and assembly errors can all cause bearing vibration and generate noise. Especially under high-speed or heavy-load conditions, microscopic defects inside the bearing, lubrication failure, or rolling element impact can further excite structural resonance, causing vibrational energy to propagate outward in the form of sound waves, thus forming significant broadband noise.

[0003] Currently, bearing noise frequencies are typically concentrated in the range of 200Hz to 5000Hz, with 500Hz to 2000Hz being the most significant noise band. This type of mid-to-high frequency noise not only reduces the stability and lifespan of equipment operation but also adversely affects the working environment of operators and the overall performance of the equipment. Therefore, bearing noise reduction has become an important research direction in the field of mechanical equipment.

[0004] To address bearing noise issues, existing technologies primarily focus on improving machining precision, optimizing bearing materials, refining lubrication methods, and employing intelligent monitoring. For example, improving raceway surface machining precision reduces waviness and surface defects; using composite or polymer materials lowers the coefficient of friction; optimizing grease formulations improves lubrication; or using vibration signal analysis to monitor bearing operating conditions. While these methods can reduce bearing vibration and noise to some extent, most are technical means of reducing noise sources or monitoring operating conditions, lacking effective structural control measures for noise that has already been generated and is propagating.

[0005] In addition, some equipment uses external noise reduction methods such as soundproof covers and sound-absorbing cotton to reduce noise propagation by blocking or absorbing sound waves. However, these methods usually require additional installation space and have complex structures, making them unsuitable for use in compact mechanical equipment. They are also difficult to directly address the propagation path of bearing noise, thus limiting their noise reduction effect. Therefore, we propose a noise-reducing bearing with an integrated micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a noise-reducing bearing with an integrated micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, a noise-reducing bearing with an integrated micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure is characterized by comprising an outer bearing ring, an inner bearing ring, rolling elements, a cage, a sealing ring, and a micro-perforated plate. The rolling element is disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, and the rolling element is positioned at intervals by a cage. The sealing ring is disposed on one side of the outer ring of the bearing. The sealing ring is provided with a mounting structure for mounting the micro-perforated plate; The micro-perforated plate has a ring structure and is installed at the sealing ring. The micro-perforated plate is uniformly provided with a micro-pore array. An air cavity is formed between the micro-perforated plate and the sealing ring, and the air cavity constitutes the back cavity of the sound-absorbing structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the micro-perforated plate matches the inner structure of the bearing outer ring, and the inner diameter of the micro-perforated plate corresponds to the through hole of the bearing inner ring, thereby forming a ring-shaped mounting structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer side of the sealing ring is provided with multiple arc grooves, which are used to cooperate with the corresponding structure of the micro-perforated plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the pore size of the micropore array is 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the perforation rate of the micropore array is 1% to 3%.

[0012] Furthermore, the thickness of the micro-perforated plate is less than 1 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the depth of the air cavity is 10mm to 30mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the material of the microperforated plate is nylon or resin.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, a micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure is incorporated into the bearing's sealing structure, enabling the bearing to actively absorb sound while maintaining its original sealing function. When noise generated during bearing operation propagates to the micro-perforated plate, the sound waves enter the micropores, where viscous friction and heat exchange occur between the air and the pore walls, converting some of the sound energy into heat energy and dissipating it. Simultaneously, the micro-perforated plate and the air cavity formed behind it together constitute a structure similar to a Helmholtz resonator, generating resonant sound absorption within a specific frequency range, thereby further enhancing the absorption capacity for mid-to-high frequency noise. Through this structure, the bearing can effectively suppress operating noise without adding complex noise reduction devices. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the joint between the bearing and the micro-perforated plate in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing noise testing experimental platform in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the noise level of the bearing without a micro-perforated plate when the motor speed is 1000 r / min in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the noise level of the resin micro-perforated plate bearing when the motor speed is 1000 r / min in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the noise level of the nylon micro-perforated plate bearing when the motor speed is 1000 r / min in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the noise level of the bearing without a micro-perforated plate when the motor speed is 3000 r / min in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the noise level of the resin micro-perforated plate bearing when the motor speed is 3000 r / min in this invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Bearing outer ring; 2. Bearing inner ring; 3. Rolling element; 4. Cage; 5. Seal ring; 6. Micro-perforated plate; 7. Micro-pore array; 8. Back cavity; 9. Circular groove; 10. Bearing housing; 11. Motor; 12. Coupling; 13. Motor shaft; 14. Experimental aluminum plate; 15. Bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-7 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a noise reduction bearing with an integrated micro-perforated plate 6 sound absorption structure. Based on the traditional rolling bearing structure, the micro-perforated plate 6 sound absorption structure is integrated and set at the bearing sealing ring 5 position. The bearing operating noise is reduced through the resonance effect of micro-perforated sound absorption and back cavity 8.

[0020] The noise-reducing bearing includes an outer ring 1, an inner ring 2, rolling elements 3, a cage 4, a sealing ring 5, and a micro-perforated plate 6. The rolling elements 3 are disposed between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 1, and are spaced and positioned by the cage 4 to form a rolling support structure.

[0021] The bearing selected in this embodiment is a deep groove ball bearing model 6204, with standard dimensions of 20mm inner diameter, 47mm outer diameter, and 14mm width.

[0022] A sealing ring 5 structure is provided on one side of the bearing. The sealing ring 5 is provided with a mounting structure for mounting a micro-perforated plate 6. The micro-perforated plate 6 is installed at the position of the sealing ring 5 and forms a back cavity 8 between it and the sealing ring 5, thereby constituting a micro-perforated sound-absorbing structure.

[0023] The micro-perforated plate 6 is an overall annular structure with an outer diameter of 40mm and an inner diameter of 28mm, which is adapted to the structural dimensions of the bearing outer ring 1 and the bearing inner hole. Three evenly distributed arc grooves 9 are provided on the outer periphery of the sealing ring 5 for matching and positioning with the micro-perforated plate 6, so that the micro-perforated plate 6 can be stably installed.

[0024] The micro-perforated plate 6 has a uniform array of micropores 7, with a micropore diameter of 0.4 mm and a perforation rate of 1.5%. The thickness of the micro-perforated plate 6 is 0.8 mm, and the depth of the air cavity 8 formed between the micro-perforated plate 6 and the sealing ring 5 is 20 mm. The micro-perforated plate 6 can be made of nylon or resin and is manufactured by 3D printing. Nylon material showed better sound absorption performance in experiments.

[0025] In this embodiment, when the bearing is running, vibration and noise will be generated due to factors such as contact friction between the rolling element 3 and the raceway, movement of the cage 4, changes in lubrication state, and surface defects of the rolling element 3. The bearing noise frequency is usually distributed in the range of 200Hz to 5000Hz. When the sound wave propagates to the micro-perforated plate 6 structure, the sound wave enters the interior of the micropore and generates viscous friction between the air and the hole wall in the micropore, converting the sound energy into heat energy for dissipation. At the same time, the micro-perforated plate 6 and the air cavity behind it form a structure similar to a Helmholtz resonator. When the sound wave frequency is close to the resonant frequency, the air generates reciprocating vibration in the micropore and enhances the sound energy dissipation capability, thereby achieving effective absorption of high-frequency noise in the bearing.

[0026] Before conducting actual experiments, the sound-absorbing structure of the micro-perforated plate 6 was simulated and analyzed. Based on the theoretical model of the micro-perforated plate 6 proposed by Academician Ma Dayou, a mathematical model of the sound absorption coefficient of the micro-perforated plate 6 was established in MATLAB software. Parameters such as micropore diameter, perforation rate, plate thickness, and back cavity depth 8 were substituted into the calculation. Physical parameters such as sound velocity and kinematic viscosity in air were also considered. In the simulation, the sound field frequency range was set to 500Hz~3000Hz, and the sound absorption coefficient curve of the micro-perforated plate 6 was obtained through calculation.

[0027] Among them, the No. 1 micro-perforated plate has the following parameters: pore diameter 0.4mm, perforation rate 1.5%, plate thickness 0.8mm, and back cavity depth 20mm. It shows a significant sound absorption peak around 1396Hz, and its maximum sound absorption coefficient is about 0.87. The parameters of micro-perforated plate 6 No. 2 are pore diameter 0.5mm, perforation rate 2%, plate thickness 0.8mm, and back cavity 8 depth 20mm. It has a sound absorption peak around 1584Hz and its sound absorption coefficient is about 0.61. The simulation results show that micro-perforated plate 6 No. 1 has better sound absorption effect. Therefore, micro-perforated plate 6 No. 1 is selected for experimental verification.

[0028] To verify the noise reduction effect of the micro-perforated plate 6 structure on bearing noise, such as Figure 2 As shown, a bearing noise testing experimental platform was built for the experiment. The experimental platform includes a drive motor 11, a coupling 12, a bearing, a bearing housing 10, an experimental fixing plate, and a noise tester. The drive motor 11 is a permanent magnet DC high-speed motor 11 with a rated power of 80W, a rated torque of 10kgf·cm, and a speed range of 7500r / min~15000r / min. The motor 11 drives the bearing to rotate through the coupling 12. The bearing is installed in the bearing housing 10 and fixed to the aluminum alloy experimental fixing plate. The experimental fixing plate has dimensions of 300mm×450mm×13mm.

[0029] To reduce the impact of motor 11 noise on the experimental results, motor 11 was wrapped with sound-insulating cotton during the experiment. Noise data was collected using a Hima noise meter and monitored and recorded in real time using VoiceLAB V2.1 software. Figure 3-7 As shown, the noise generated by the bearing during the experiment was measured when the micro-perforated plate 6 was not installed and when the resin micro-perforated plate 6 and the nylon micro-perforated plate 6 were installed. The motor 11 was set to two working conditions of 1000 r / min and 3000 r / min for comparison. During the experiment, each set of data was measured multiple times and the average value was taken as the final result.

[0030] Experimental results show that at a rotational speed of 1000 r / min, the bearing noise without the micro-perforated plate 6 is 70.1 dB(A), the noise after installing the resin micro-perforated plate 6 is 67.2 dB(A), and the noise after installing the nylon micro-perforated plate 6 is 65.8 dB(A). At a rotational speed of 3000 r / min, the bearing noise without the micro-perforated plate 6 is 84.2 dB(A), the noise after installing the resin micro-perforated plate 6 is 77.0 dB(A), and the noise after installing the nylon micro-perforated plate 6 is 75.4 dB(A). The experimental results demonstrate that by incorporating the sound-absorbing structure of the micro-perforated plate 6 at the bearing sealing structure, the mid-to-high frequency noise generated during bearing operation can be effectively reduced, resulting in an overall bearing noise reduction of approximately 5–10 dB(A). Furthermore, the nylon micro-perforated plate 6 exhibits superior noise reduction performance in the experiment, thus verifying that the bearing noise reduction scheme based on the micro-perforated plate 6 structure has excellent noise reduction performance.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that, in order to facilitate a clear demonstration and understanding of the structure of the present invention, the accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. The drawings may contain enlarged, reduced, or distorted representations of specific components, spacing, or angles. Those skilled in the art should understand that, in actual production or manufacturing, the dimensions, tolerances, and proportional relationships described in this text shall prevail. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] The above description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims submitted herein.

Claims

1. A noise reducing bearing incorporating an integrated micro-perforated panel sound absorption structure, characterized in that, It includes the outer ring (1), inner ring (2), rolling elements (3), cage (4), seal (5), and micro-perforated plate (6). The rolling element (3) is provided between the inner ring (2) and the outer ring (1) of the bearing. The rolling element (3) is positioned at intervals by a cage (4). The sealing ring (5) is provided on one side of the outer ring (1) of the bearing. The sealing ring (5) is provided with an installation structure for installing the micro-perforated plate (6); The micro-perforated plate (6) is an annular structure and is installed at the sealing ring (5). A micro-pore array (7) is uniformly arranged on the micro-perforated plate (6). An air cavity is formed between the micro-perforated plate (6) and the sealing ring (5), and the air cavity (8) constitutes the back cavity (8) of the sound-absorbing structure.

2. A noise reducing bearing incorporating an integrated micro-perforated panel sound absorption structure according to claim 1, wherein: The outer diameter of the micro-perforated plate (6) matches the inner structure of the bearing outer ring (1), and the inner diameter of the micro-perforated plate (6) corresponds to the through hole of the bearing inner ring (2), thereby forming a ring mounting structure.

3. A noise reducing bearing incorporating an integrated micro-perforated panel sound absorption structure according to claim 1, wherein: The outer side of the sealing ring (5) is provided with a plurality of arc grooves (9), which are used to cooperate with the corresponding structure of the micro-perforated plate (6).

4. The noise reducing bearing incorporating integrated micro-perforated panel sound absorption structure of claim 1, wherein: The pore size of the micropore array (7) is 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm.

5. The noise reducing bearing incorporating integrated micro-perforated panel sound absorption structure of claim 1, wherein: The perforation rate of the micropore array (7) is 1% to 3%.

6. A noise reducing bearing incorporating an integrated micro-perforated panel sound absorption structure according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the micro-perforated plate (6) is less than 1 mm.

7. A noise reducing bearing incorporating an integrated micro-perforated panel sound absorption structure according to claim 1, wherein: The air cavity (8) has a depth of 10mm to 30mm.

8. A noise reducing bearing incorporating an integrated micro-perforated panel sound absorption structure according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the micro-perforated plate (6) is nylon or resin.

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