A multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its masonry sealing structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of refractory materials technology, specifically to a multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its sealing structure. The refractory lining brick and sealing structure comprises a wall composed of multiple arc-shaped brick units arranged and spliced ​​laterally. Each arc-shaped brick unit has an arc-shaped brick body; the top and bottom surfaces of the arc-shaped brick body are arc surfaces adapted to the curvature of the inner wall of a cylindrical furnace. Multiple raised ridges are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped brick body, with the lower ridge positioned outside the upper ridge of any two adjacent ridges. These multiple raised ridges together constitute a multi-faceted component for spatial division between adjacent arc-shaped brick units. When two adjacent arc-shaped brick bodies are fitted together, multiple interconnected cavities are formed at the top, middle, and bottom for filling different types of sealing components. This invention improves the heat insulation and thermal insulation performance of the lining, absorbs thermal expansion, reduces heat conduction, and enhances the airtightness of the lining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refractory materials technology, specifically to a side-sided multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its sealing structure, which is suitable for the lining construction of rotary kilns for positive and negative batteries. It can effectively cope with the high temperature, corrosive atmosphere, and material scouring conditions of rotary kilns for positive and negative batteries, improve the stability and sealing of the lining, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the kiln. Background Technology

[0002] In the lining technology of rotary kilns for positive and negative electrodes of batteries, the structural design and construction method of refractory lining bricks directly affect the service life, thermal stability and sealing performance of the kiln, and thus affect the production efficiency and product quality of positive and negative electrode materials for batteries. In the existing technology, refractory lining bricks and their construction methods, represented by CN212058271U and CN116411146A, have improved to some extent the problems of lining brick spalling caused by thermal expansion and thermal stress of high-temperature furnace body and insufficient structural stability. At the same time, they have improved the wettability, erosion resistance and slag erosion resistance of refractory lining bricks. However, when applied to rotary kilns for positive and negative electrodes of batteries, there are still many defects that need to be solved and they cannot meet the special working conditions.

[0003] Specifically, CN212058271U discloses a furnace wall constructed from a composite of thermal insulation material and non-stick aluminum material. The non-stick aluminum material, through its chain-like tensioning or loosening properties, compensates for the expansion rate gradient caused by the thermal gradient of the furnace wall, inhibits the propagation of micro-cracks, and avoids damage to the furnace wall due to thermal expansion. At the same time, the non-stick aluminum surface of the composite furnace wall is made of zirconium material, which significantly extends the service life of the furnace wall by 10 times compared to cast furnace walls. However, when this furnace wall structure is applied to the rotary kiln for positive and negative electrodes of batteries, there is still room for improvement in its thermal stability under high-temperature conditions. As a cylindrical kiln body, the rotary kiln for positive and negative electrodes of batteries has strict requirements for the curvature of its inner wall. The lining bricks of this structure are difficult to fit perfectly against the inner wall of the kiln, resulting in the inability to effectively guarantee the roundness and sealing of the inner lining. Moreover, the thermal expansion compensation effect of the furnace wall material is limited. Although graphite packing and carbon felt are used to help improve the sealing and heat insulation, the high-temperature thermal stress and material scouring generated during the operation of the rotary kiln for positive and negative electrodes of batteries will aggravate the damage to the lining bricks. Its thermal stress dispersion effect is weak, and long-term use is prone to problems such as lining brick misalignment and peeling, which will affect the continuity of positive and negative electrode production.

[0004] On the other hand, CN116411146A discloses a method for constructing refractory brick linings in blast furnaces. By using high-performance refractory materials such as magnesia bricks and silicon carbide to construct the linings, the wettability, erosion resistance, and slag erosion resistance of the refractory bricks are effectively improved. However, when this method is applied to rotary kilns for battery positive and negative electrodes, there are significant shortcomings in the interlocking structure design between the kiln wall and the kiln bottom, as well as the front and rear end walls. During operation, the rotary kilns for battery positive and negative electrodes experience continuous material tumbling and erosion, as well as corrosion from high-temperature corrosive atmospheres. The structural strength and thermal stress dispersion ability of the lining bricks constructed by this method are limited under high-temperature environments. At the same time, the cylindrical structure of the rotary kilns for battery positive and negative electrodes places extremely high demands on the fit and sealing of the lining bricks. How to achieve perfect fit and sealing of the lining bricks and avoid leakage of corrosive gases and material residue remains a technical bottleneck that is difficult to overcome with existing technologies.

[0005] In summary, the existing technologies applied to the lining of rotary kilns for battery positive and negative electrodes generally present the following core problems: 1) Traditional patchwork construction methods result in a large number of brick joints, and due to the limited internal space of the cylindrical rotary kiln, it is difficult to perform standardized joint pressing. This often leads to excessively wide and unstable joints, failing to achieve an ideal sealing effect. This can easily cause leakage of high-temperature corrosive gases and material getting stuck in the gaps, affecting production safety and product quality; 2) Ordinary refractory bricks lack effective connecting structures, resulting in poor overall structural integrity and a tendency for through-joints. The continuous material scouring and thermal stress of the rotary kiln exacerbate the expansion of these through-joints, leading to leakage of high-temperature gases and corrosive media, affecting kiln operating efficiency and shortening service life; 3) When using refractory bricks of limited length for lining, straight joints inevitably appear at the brick junctions. Under the long-term high-temperature and high-frequency vibration conditions of the rotary kiln, these straight joints easily expand into through-joints, causing lining brick peeling and damage, requiring frequent shutdowns for maintenance, and affecting production continuity; 4) Expansion joints are usually reserved between the lining and the kiln shell to compensate for thermal expansion. However, conventional sealing methods such as grouting are prone to incomplete sealing, leading to gas leakage and air leakage, which further aggravates the damage to the lining bricks. At the same time, it may also cause thermal corrosion of the kiln shell, increasing equipment maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a side-sided multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its masonry sealing structure, which integrates the advantages of existing technologies and overcomes their inherent shortcomings. It aims to provide a high-efficiency, stable, and well-sealed high-temperature furnace lining solution that is suitable for various high-temperature furnaces, especially for cylindrical furnaces. It significantly improves the thermal stability and sealing of the lining, extends the service life of the furnace, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its sealing structure are disclosed. The refractory lining brick and its sealing structure have a wall composed of multiple arc-shaped brick units arranged and spliced ​​in a transverse direction. Each arc-shaped brick unit has an arc-shaped brick body. The top and bottom surfaces of the arc-shaped brick body are arc surfaces adapted to the curvature of the inner wall of a cylindrical furnace. Multiple raised ridges are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped brick body, with the lower ridge of two adjacent ridges positioned outside the upper ridge. The multiple raised ridges together constitute a multi-faceted component for spatial division between adjacent arc-shaped brick units. After two adjacent arc-shaped brick bodies are fitted together, multiple interconnected cavities are formed at the top, middle, and bottom for filling different types of sealing components. The arc-shaped bricks are divided into three layers from the furnace shell to the furnace chamber. The layer closest to the furnace shell is the smallest, the layer closest to the furnace chamber is the largest, and the middle layer is of medium size, forming a stepped space to facilitate the installation of various sealing components. The sealing and filling components include graphite packing and carbon felt. The graphite packing fills the truncated pyramidal groove surface where the arc-shaped brick body contacts the kiln steel shell, i.e., the innermost cavity, forming an elastic sealing layer that adapts to the thermal expansion difference and mechanical vibration between the lining brick and the steel shell, achieving dynamic sealing of the interface between the lining brick and the steel shell. The carbon felt filling layer fills the groove surface between the truncated pyramids and the gaps between adjacent lining bricks, i.e., the cavities other than the innermost cavity, forming a continuous material sealing and stress buffer layer.

[0008] The carbon felt is 3-7mm thick, which fully fills the irregular gaps between the grooves and brick joints. It also has excellent low thermal conductivity and high temperature stability, effectively blocking heat flow and medium channels, and buffering the thermal expansion stress between the lining bricks.

[0009] The stepped surface of the multi-faceted component is chamfered to avoid stress concentration during assembly, and at the same time facilitates the filling construction of graphite packing and carbon felt, thereby improving assembly efficiency.

[0010] Both the graphite packing and the carbon felt are high-temperature resistant flexible carbon materials that maintain good chemical stability and mechanical properties even under operating conditions above 1000℃, making them suitable for the long-term high-temperature working environment of kilns.

[0011] The thickness of the graphite packing is 2-5mm. This thickness range can ensure the sealing and resilience performance of the interface between the lining brick and the steel shell, and avoid material failure caused by excessive compression. It is also suitable for the thermal expansion requirements of the lining brick under high temperature conditions.

[0012] The front of the arc-shaped brick body is provided with mounting holes for embedding and fixing bolts or anchors. The mounting holes are countersunk circular through holes, so that the head of the fixing bolt or anchor is slightly lower than the surface of the brick body. The holes are then filled and sealed with silicon carbide castable, which can not only prevent the bolts / anchors from being directly eroded by high-temperature airflow, but also further ensure the structural stability of the brick body under high-temperature conditions, and prevent the problem of loosening and falling off of the lining bricks due to anchor damage.

[0013] In addition, due to the requirements of energy conservation, environmental protection and green production, the structure adopts a thin-wall design, and the thickness of the product is controlled at a very low level.

[0014] This invention proposes a side-mounted multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its sealing structure. The side-mounted multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick (bolted to the furnace shell, with packing placed between the lining brick and the furnace shell, and fixed to the outer shell with nuts) ensures good adhesion between the lining material and the outer shell even under drastic temperature changes, and also guarantees the condition of the brick joints. The sealing between the lining materials is achieved through a specialized sealing structure, specifically: the refractory lining brick, with its arc-shaped plate design, perfectly fits the cylindrical furnace body. The curvature of the inner wall fundamentally ensures the roundness and sealing of the lining; three steps are provided on the side of the lining bricks, which can form a stepped space when two adjacent lining materials are put together to install different sealing structures and achieve corresponding functions; graphite packing is set at the protruding edges, which not only enhances the stability and sealing of mechanical interlocking, but also buffers the thermal expansion of the lining bricks and blocks the penetration of high-temperature airflow and molten slag; at the same time, carbon felt is used to fill the grooves and gaps to further improve the heat insulation and heat preservation performance of the lining, absorb the amount of thermal expansion, reduce heat conduction, and enhance the airtightness of the lining. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped brick body structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the splicing structure of adjacent arc-shaped brick bodies.

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the mixing brick structure Figure 4 This is a diagram of the overall masonry structure.

[0018] In the diagram: ① Arc-shaped brick body, 1-1, raised ridge, 1-3 hanging nail mounting holes; ② Graphite packing; ③ Carbon felt filling. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0020] Combination Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its masonry sealing structure are disclosed. The refractory lining brick and its masonry sealing structure have a wall composed of multiple arc-shaped brick units arranged and spliced ​​in a transverse direction. Each arc-shaped brick unit has an arc-shaped brick body 1. The upper and lower surfaces of the arc-shaped brick body 1 are both arc-shaped and adopt a concentric arc structure, so that the overall arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its masonry sealing structure can fit tightly against the inner wall of the cylindrical furnace, improving the fit and arc consistency between the lining and the inner wall of the furnace, and reducing the assembly gap. Three raised ridges 1-1 are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped brick body 1, and the lower raised ridge 1-1 of two adjacent raised ridges 1-1 is located outside the upper raised ridge. The multiple raised ridges 1-1 arranged vertically together constitute a wall. A multi-faceted component used to divide space between adjacent arc-shaped brick units; after two adjacent arc-shaped brick bodies are attached, multiple interconnected cavities are formed at the top, middle, and bottom, which are used to fill different types of sealing components; the sealing and filling components include graphite packing 2 and carbon felt; wherein, the graphite packing 2 fills the truncated pyramidal groove surface where the arc-shaped brick body contacts the kiln steel shell, i.e., the innermost cavity, forming an elastic sealing layer that adapts to the thermal expansion difference and mechanical vibration between the lining brick and the steel shell, and realizes dynamic sealing of the interface between the lining brick and the steel shell; the carbon felt 3 fills the groove surface between the truncated pyramids and the gap between the brick joints formed by the splicing of adjacent lining bricks, i.e., the other cavities except the innermost cavity, forming a continuous material sealing and stress buffer layer, realizing complete filling and sealing of the gaps between the brick bodies.

[0021] The front and rear edges of the arc-shaped brick body 1 are vertical planes, and the left and right side edges are arc surfaces, so that each brick body 1 can be tightly overlapped and fitted together. The gaps between the brick bodies are filled with carbon felt 3, which effectively reduces the leakage of high-temperature gas in the furnace, maintains the stability of the furnace temperature, and prevents materials from entering the brick joints.

[0022] The arc-shaped brick body 1 has two hanging nail mounting holes 1-3. The hanging nail mounting holes are countersunk holes. By passing a suitable hanging nail through the hole, the brick body 1 is hung and fixed to the inner wall steel structure of the rotary kiln, so as to achieve reliable anchoring between the brick body and the kiln body and prevent the brick body from falling off or shifting during the rotation of the kiln body.

[0023] The hanging nail mounting holes 1-3 opened on the arc-shaped brick body 1 are a special structure with a larger inner diameter and a smaller outer diameter.

[0024] The arc-shaped brick body 1 is made of silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide material. The arc-shaped brick body 1 made of silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide material has high fire resistance, and its load softening point reaches more than 2000°C. Moreover, silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide material also has high strength. Therefore, the brick body 1 made of silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide material has excellent wear resistance.

[0025] For this furnace type, the furnace cavity needs a stirring claw structure to stir the materials and promote material flow within the furnace. For this structure, we adopt... Figure 3 For details, please refer to the attached diagram.

[0026] A method for constructing a side-faced multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and a sealing structure: The method includes the following steps: 1. Pre-assembly of bricks: Align and attach two multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining bricks along the left and right sides, so that the grooves of adjacent bricks match each other.

[0027] 2. Graphite packing installation: Take graphite packing 2 and embed it into the truncated pyramidal groove surface where the side of the brick contacts the steel shell of the kiln. Extend graphite packing 2 along the axial direction and align it with the corresponding groove surface of the adjacent brick to ensure that the truncated pyramidal groove surface is completely filled to form a continuous elastic sealing layer.

[0028] 3. Brick anchoring and fixing: By passing hooks through the hook mounting holes 1-3 on the brick 1, the brick 1 is hooked and fixed to the steel structure of the inner wall of the rotary kiln.

[0029] 4. Assembly of the complete ring lining: Following the steps described above, multiple sets of arc-shaped refractory bricks are assembled and fixed to the inner wall of the furnace to form a complete ring lining structure, ensuring that the lining is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the furnace.

[0030] 5. Carbon felt filling and sealing: Carbon felt 3 is filled into the gaps between adjacent bricks 1 and the grooves under the frustum to ensure that the gaps are completely and densely filled, achieving heat insulation, buffering and sealing effects.

[0031] 6. External sealing treatment: Ordinary refractory concrete is poured at the outer edge of carbon felt 3, and the surface is smoothed and polished to complete the final sealing of the furnace body refractory masonry, further improving the overall sealing and structural integrity.

Claims

1. A side multiple-penetrated arc-shaped refractory brick and a construction seal structure, characterized in that: The refractory lining brick and masonry sealing structure has a wall composed of multiple arc-shaped brick units arranged and spliced ​​in a transverse direction; each arc-shaped brick unit has an arc-shaped brick body; the top and bottom surfaces of the arc-shaped brick body are arc surfaces adapted to the curvature of the inner wall of the cylindrical furnace; both ends of the arc-shaped brick body are provided with multiple raised ridges arranged vertically, and the lower raised ridge of two adjacent raised ridges is located outside the upper raised ridge; the multiple raised ridges arranged vertically together constitute a multi-ridge component for spatial division between adjacent arc-shaped brick units; after two adjacent arc-shaped brick bodies are attached, multiple interconnected upper, middle and lower sections are formed for filling different types of... The cavity of the sealing component, i.e., the arc-shaped brick is divided into three layers from the furnace shell to the furnace chamber. The layer closest to the furnace shell is the smallest, the layer closest to the furnace chamber is the largest, and the middle layer is in the middle, forming a stepped space that facilitates the installation of various sealing components. The sealing filling component includes graphite packing and carbon felt. The graphite packing fills the truncated pyramidal groove surface where the arc-shaped brick body contacts the kiln steel shell, i.e., the innermost cavity, forming an elastic sealing layer. The carbon felt fills the groove surface between the truncated pyramids and the gaps between adjacent lining bricks, i.e., the gaps between the brick joints, i.e., the other cavities except the innermost cavity, forming a continuous material sealing and stress buffer layer.

2. The side-sided multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its masonry sealing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon felt is 3-7mm thick, fully filling the irregular gaps between the grooves and the brick joints.

3. The side-sided multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its masonry sealing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The stepped surface of the multi-faceted component is chamfered.

4. The side-sided multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its masonry sealing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the graphite packing is 2-5 mm.

5. The side-faced multi-faceted arc-shaped refractory lining brick and its masonry sealing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The front of the arc-shaped brick body is provided with mounting holes for embedding and fixing bolts or anchors. The mounting holes are countersunk circular through holes.

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