Land subsidence deformation monitoring and early warning device and use method thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device and its usage method. The ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device includes: a settlement tube, a settlement magnetic ring, and multiple sensing and correction components for correcting deviation and jamming of the settlement magnetic ring during settlement. The settlement magnetic ring is slidably sleeved on the settlement tube, and the multiple sensing and correction components are disposed between the inner wall of the settlement magnetic ring and the outer wall of the settlement tube. The settlement magnetic ring moves along the outer wall of the settlement tube as the soil settles. The sensing and correction components are used to automatically correct deviation or jamming of the settlement magnetic ring during settlement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of settlement monitoring technology, and in particular to a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] During the service of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines in coal mine goaf areas, it is necessary to monitor the ground subsidence in the goaf areas. Ground subsidence, also known as ground sinking or ground collapse, is a localized downward movement caused by the consolidation and compression of loose underground strata, resulting in a decrease in the elevation of the earth's crust surface. It can cause pipeline tilting and deformation, subjecting the pipeline to tensile, compressive, bending, and shear loads, which in turn leads to a series of problems such as pipeline stress concentration, pipeline deformation, and unstable support, causing potential safety hazards in pipeline service.

[0003] Settlement monitoring technology is based on settlement tubes and settlement magnetic rings. A vertical settlement tube is pre-buried in a borehole of the soil to be monitored, and multiple settlement magnetic rings with magnetic induction elements are coaxially sleeved on the outside of the settlement tube and fixed in soil layers at different depths. When the soil layer settles, the settlement magnetic rings sink with the soil. The position of the magnetic rings as they descend along the settlement tube is read by the detection equipment on the ground.

[0004] Existing patent CN218329901 discloses a layered settling tube structure and a layered settling meter. This layered settling tube structure includes a settling tube body and connecting components. The settling tube body extends vertically, and a settling magnetic ring can be fitted onto the settling tube body. A locking component is provided on the outer wall of the settling tube body, and the settling magnetic ring can abut against the lower end of the locking component, which is integrally formed with the settling tube body. Both ends of the connecting component in the vertical direction can be connected to the settling tube body. Each locking component on the settling tube body can limit the position of the settling magnetic ring on each settling tube body, ensuring that a certain distance is maintained between any two adjacent settling magnetic rings, thereby facilitating the acquisition of complete monitoring data. Simultaneously, the locking component is integrally formed with the settling tube body, thus preventing the locking component from falling off and affecting the position of the settling magnetic ring on the settling tube body. The principle of existing patent 1 is that the layered settling tube structure includes a settling tube body and connecting components. The settlement tube body extends vertically, and the settlement magnetic ring can be fitted onto the settlement tube body. Therefore, after the settlement tube body and the settlement magnetic ring are buried in the soil, synchronous settlement of the settlement magnetic ring and the strata can be achieved. This allows for subsequent measurement of the settlement amount, settlement rate, and thickness of the compressible layer in each soil layer. A locking device is installed on the outer wall of the settlement tube body, and the settlement magnetic ring can abut against the lower end of the locking device. This ensures that the locking device can vertically stop the settlement magnetic ring, preventing it from detaching directly from the upper end of the settlement tube body due to soil friction and the stopping action during installation. However, the existing patent does not disclose the correction component. When uneven settlement occurs in the stratum, the frictional force acting on the circumference of the settlement magnetic ring may become unbalanced, causing the settlement magnetic ring to deviate relative to the axis of the settlement tube as it slides down the settlement tube. If the deviation angle is too large, the inner wall of the settlement magnetic ring will come into local contact with or even be squeezed against the outer wall of the settlement tube, forming sliding friction. This friction will not only hinder the free sinking of the settlement magnetic ring, causing it to stop, but also seriously distort the continuity and authenticity of the settlement monitoring data.

[0005] Existing patent 2, CN114000489, discloses a ground settlement monitoring device after depressurization precipitation. It includes a settlement tube and several magnetic ring assemblies fitted onto the settlement tube. The inner wall of each magnetic ring assembly has a first connecting groove; the outer wall of the settlement tube has several second connecting grooves, each containing an expansion portion. When inflated, the expansion portion fills the gap between the magnetic ring assembly and the settlement tube and expands into the first connecting groove. This invention utilizes the inflatable expansion portion to fill the gap between the magnetic ring assembly and the settlement tube, thus constraining the magnetic ring assembly to the settlement tube. This not only prevents soil and impurities from entering the gap between the magnetic ring assembly and the settlement tube during the pre-embedding process, thus avoiding jamming of the magnetic ring assembly, but also ensures that the magnetic ring assembly does not shift on its own during the pre-embedding process, improving measurement accuracy. The principle of the existing patent 2 is that the inflatable part, after inflation, can fill the gap between the magnetic ring assembly and the settling pipe, thus constraining the magnetic ring assembly to the settling pipe. This not only prevents soil and impurities from entering the gap between the magnetic ring assembly and the settling pipe during the pre-embedding process, thus avoiding jamming of the magnetic ring assembly, but also ensures that the magnetic ring assembly will not shift on its own during the pre-embedding process, improving the accuracy of the measurement. However, the existing patent 2 does not disclose a correction component. When uneven settlement occurs in the stratum, the frictional force acting on the circumference of the settling magnetic ring may become unbalanced, causing the settling magnetic ring to deviate relative to the axis of the settling pipe as it slides down. If the deviation angle is too large, the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring will come into local contact or even be squeezed against the outer wall of the settling pipe, forming sliding friction. This friction not only hinders the free sinking of the settling magnetic ring, causing it to stagnate, but also seriously distorts the continuity and accuracy of the settlement monitoring data.

[0006] Existing patent three, CN114034282, discloses an embedded ground settlement monitoring device and its monitoring method. However, existing ground settlement monitoring equipment mainly relies on a single displacement sensor for detection, resulting in unverifiable ground settlement data measured simultaneously, thus failing to guarantee the accuracy of the detection data. Furthermore, some buried rod-type monitoring devices, when buried in the ground, are prone to tilting due to soil layer influence as they move downwards with ground settlement, making it difficult to effectively detect accurate ground settlement data. This invention uses a laser displacement sensor to detect the descent distance of the lower moving rod when the soil-carrying moving plate settles under the push of the soil layer. This data is compared with the downward movement of the moving ring of the detection component pulled by the soil-carrying moving plate. The difference between the two sets of data is used to determine the accuracy of the data. A correction component and a deflection component are used to push the tilted upper part of the device back to ensure its upright position for accurate detection. This invention offers high accuracy in soil settlement detection and is easy to operate. The principle of the existing patent three is as follows: a foundation pit is dug at the detection site, and the monitoring device is inserted and fixed in the pit using ground piles, keeping the monitoring device upright so that the detection component is exposed outside the pit port. Then, soil is filled into the pit to cover the auxiliary measuring cylinder to the adjacent position of the top port. The height of the soil-carrying moving plate is then raised by hand to maintain a distance between the soil-carrying moving plate and the auxiliary measuring cylinder port. However, the existing patent three does not disclose the correction component. When uneven settlement occurs in the stratum, the frictional force acting on the circumference of the settlement magnetic ring may become unbalanced, causing the settlement magnetic ring to deviate relative to the axis of the settlement pipe as it slides down the settlement pipe. If the deviation angle is too large, the inner wall of the settlement magnetic ring will come into local contact or even be squeezed with the outer wall of the settlement pipe, forming sliding friction. This friction will not only hinder the free sinking of the settlement magnetic ring, causing it to stop, but also seriously distort the continuity and accuracy of the settlement monitoring data.

[0007] The following problems exist in the existing technology that have not been well resolved: the settlement magnetic ring relies on the friction between its outer wall fins and the surrounding soil to sink synchronously with the soil. When uneven settlement occurs in the stratum, the friction force acting on the circumference of the settlement magnetic ring may become unbalanced, causing the settlement magnetic ring to deviate relative to the axis of the settlement tube during its sliding down the settlement tube. If the deviation angle is too large, the inner wall of the settlement magnetic ring will come into local contact or even be squeezed with the outer wall of the settlement tube, forming sliding friction. This friction will not only hinder the free sinking of the settlement magnetic ring, causing it to stop, but also seriously distort the continuity and authenticity of the settlement monitoring data. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device and its usage method, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device, comprising: a settlement tube, a settlement magnetic ring, and a plurality of sensing and correction components for correcting the deviation and jamming of the settlement magnetic ring during the settlement process. The settlement magnetic ring is slidably sleeved on the settlement tube, and the plurality of sensing and correction components are disposed between the inner wall of the settlement magnetic ring and the outer wall of the settlement tube.

[0010] The beneficial effect of adopting the technical solution of this invention is that the settlement magnetic ring moves along the outer wall of the settlement pipe as the soil settles. The sensing and correction component is used to automatically correct the deviation or jamming of the settlement magnetic ring during the settlement process.

[0011] Furthermore, the settling magnetic ring is coaxial with the settling pipe, and a plurality of the sensing and correction components are installed on the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring along the circumference of the settling magnetic ring. A protective cover is installed on the settling pipe, and the protective cover is located above the settling magnetic ring. A plurality of fins are installed on the outer wall of the sensing and correction components.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are that the settlement magnetic ring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the settlement tube, and moves downward along the outer wall of the settlement tube as the soil settles, relying on the friction between it and the surrounding soil. The protective cover prevents external soil debris from falling into the gap between the top of the settlement magnetic ring and the settlement tube, thus preventing interference with the normal operation of the sensing and correction components. Multiple fins are evenly arranged to increase the contact area between the settlement magnetic ring and the soil, ensuring the sensitivity and accuracy of the monitoring response. Enhanced coordinated deformation between the settlement magnetic ring and the surrounding soil ensures that ground settlement displacement can be reliably transmitted to the settlement magnetic ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the protective cover is equipped with multiple guide rails, and the guide rails are symmetrically provided with V-shaped guide grooves. The sensing and correction component is equipped with multiple mounting plates, and the mounting plates are symmetrically provided with holes on both sides. The holes have a converging structure and guide balls are embedded in the holes. The guide balls are rolled in the V-shaped guide grooves. The diameter of the protective cover is larger than the diameter of the settling magnetic ring. An elastic compression baffle is provided in the V-shaped guide groove.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are that the circumferential diameter of the protective cover is larger than the top circumferential diameter of the settlement magnetic ring; the protective cover completely covers the top area of ​​the settlement magnetic ring, isolating the soil above from interfering with the gap between the settlement magnetic ring and the settlement pipe. The mounting plate and the guide rail form an instantaneous lock, ensuring effective transmission of the correction force. The guide balls are respectively accommodated in the V-shaped guide grooves on both sides of the guide rail and can roll within them. The inner wall of the hole in the mounting plate used to accommodate the guide balls has a conical converging structure, so that when the mounting plate is subjected to a force towards the settlement pipe, its inner wall can exert a radial squeezing effect on the guide balls. During normal settlement monitoring, the settlement magnetic ring sinks uniformly along the axial direction of the settlement pipe. At this time, the sleeve moves down synchronously with the settlement magnetic ring through the mounting plate and the guide balls. The guide balls roll smoothly in the V-shaped guide groove, providing axial guidance while allowing the guide balls to have radial freedom of movement to accommodate small centering deviations. When the settling magnetic ring shows a tendency to deviate relative to the settling tube, the sensing and correction component is activated. Under the action of the push rod, the sleeve will drive the mounting plate to produce a slight angular displacement. This angular displacement causes the conical inner wall of the mounting plate to press against the guide balls on both sides, forcing the guide balls to embed into the bottom of the V-shaped guide groove, thus forming an instantaneous mechanical lock between the guide rail and the mounting plate. After the sleeve is restricted by the guide balls and the guide rail, its lateral position relative to the protective cover is temporarily fixed, becoming a reliable rigid fulcrum. The correction force applied to the settling magnetic ring by the compression spring through the push rod is transmitted to the fixed guide rail through the locked sleeve, and is ultimately borne by the protective cover and the settling tube. This prevents the correction force from being absorbed or dispersed during transmission due to the sleeve's own retraction, thus ensuring that most of the correction force can be effectively directed to the settling magnetic ring that needs to be pushed, improving the accuracy of the correction action. After the settling magnetic ring completes its correction action, the lateral force causing the deviation disappears, the squeezing effect of the mounting plate on the guide balls is released, and the guide balls resume free rolling in the V-shaped guide groove. An elastic compression baffle can be set in the V-shaped guide groove to assist the reset of the guide balls, without affecting the subsequent normal settling and the correction action of the settling magnetic ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the sensing and correction assembly includes: a sleeve, a push rod, a slider, a compression spring, and a locking mechanism for locking the slider. The settling magnetic ring has an annular mounting chamber inside. The sleeve is installed in the mounting chamber. One end of the push rod is slidably installed in the sleeve, and the other end of the push rod is connected to the inner wall of the mounting chamber. The slider is installed at one end of the push rod and is slidably installed in the sleeve. The two ends of the compression spring abut against the slider and the sleeve, respectively. The side wall of the slider is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves along the axial direction that are adapted to the locking mechanism. The locking mechanism is installed on the sleeve.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the slider and push rod move rapidly under the preload of the compression spring. The push rod generates an instantaneous corrective thrust on the settling magnetic ring, forcing it away from the outer wall of the settling tube, thereby correcting its tilted posture and preventing frictional contact between the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring and the outer wall of the settling tube, which could lead to settlement stagnation. The end of the locking mechanism engages with positioning grooves at different positions according to the deflection of the settling magnetic ring, thus locking the extension and retraction positions of the slider and push rod. During settlement monitoring, if the settling magnetic ring shows a tilting tendency relative to the settling tube due to uneven soil settlement, the locking mechanism immediately engages with the corresponding new positioning groove on the slider, locking the push rod in the new position. During this process, the compression spring applies a reverse corrective force to the housing of the settling magnetic ring's mounting chamber through the push rod, driving the settling magnetic ring to produce a slight rotation or displacement, thereby counteracting the tilting tendency of the settling magnetic ring towards the settling tube. After the lock is released, the slider and push rod move rapidly under the preload of the compression spring. The push rod generates an instantaneous corrective thrust on the settling magnetic ring, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling tube, thereby correcting its tilted posture and preventing the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring from forming frictional contact with the outer wall of the settling tube, which would cause the settling to stop.

[0017] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes: a locking pin, a sensor bracket, a reset mechanism, a contact plate, and a flexible pressure sensing plate. The locking pin is slidably mounted on the sleeve along the radial direction of the sleeve, and the position of the locking pin is adjacent to the position of the positioning groove. The sensor bracket is mounted on the sleeve, and the reset mechanism is mounted in the sensor bracket. The reset mechanism abuts against the contact plate, and both ends of the contact plate are respectively connected to the locking pin and the flexible pressure sensing plate. The position of the flexible pressure sensing plate is adjacent to the outer wall of the settling pipe.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the end of the locking mechanism engages with positioning grooves at different positions according to the deflection of the settlement magnetic ring, thereby locking the extension and retraction positions of the slider and push rod. During the settlement monitoring process, if the settlement magnetic ring shows a tendency to deviate relative to the settlement tube due to uneven soil settlement, the locking mechanism immediately engages with the corresponding new positioning groove on the slider, locking the push rod in the new position. When the settlement magnetic ring shows a tendency to deviate relative to the settlement tube due to uneven soil settlement, one side of the settlement magnetic ring gradually approaches the outer wall of the settlement tube. During this process, the flexible pressure sensing plate comes into contact with the outer wall of the settlement tube.

[0019] Furthermore, the reset mechanism includes: an inclined guide rail, a hinge pin, a trigger arm, an elastic leaf spring, and a guide roller. The inclined guide rail is disposed on the side wall of the locking pin. The sensor bracket has a mounting cavity. The trigger arm is mounted in the mounting cavity through the hinge pin and is connected to the contact plate. The elastic leaf spring is sleeved on the hinge pin, and its two ends abut against the contact plate and the sensor bracket, respectively. The guide roller is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the contact plate and rollably mounted in the inclined guide rail. A locking protrusion adapted to the positioning groove is installed on the side of the locking pin adjacent to the slider.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the elastic leaf spring is sleeved on the hinge pin, providing a restoring torque for the trigger arm. When the flexible pressure sensor is pressed, the trigger arm drives the locking pin to retract, releasing the lock on the slider. The small displacement generated by the pressure on the flexible pressure sensor is transmitted to the trigger arm through the contact plate. The trigger arm overcomes the resistance of the elastic leaf spring and rotates slightly around the hinge pin. This rotation acts on the inclined guide rail of the locking pin through the guide roller at the extension end of the contact plate, causing the locking pin to retract radially with the slider, and the locking protrusion disengages from the current positioning groove of the slider. At the instant the corrective thrust is applied, the skew tendency of the sinking magnetic ring is canceled out, the pressure on the flexible pressure sensor disappears, and the trigger arm resets under the restoring torque of the elastic leaf spring, driving the guide roller to move in the opposite direction along the inclined guide rail, causing the locking pin to extend radially again. At this time, since the slider may have undergone a small axial displacement during the correction process, the locking protrusion of the locking pin will automatically engage with the next adjacent positioning groove on the slider, realizing multi-level locking at the new equilibrium position.

[0021] In addition, the present invention also provides a method of using a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device. Based on the above-mentioned ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device, the method of using the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device includes: correcting the deviation and jamming of the settlement magnetic ring during the settlement process by using a sensing and correction component.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the technical solution of this invention is that the settlement magnetic ring moves along the outer wall of the settlement pipe as the soil settles. The sensing and correction component is used to automatically correct the deviation or jamming of the settlement magnetic ring during the settlement process.

[0023] Furthermore, the step of correcting the deviation and jamming of the settling magnetic ring during the settling process by sensing and correcting the deviation component includes: when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the axis of the settling pipe, the compression spring pushes the push rod to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling pipe.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the compression spring pushes the push rod to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring. The corrective thrust corrects the skewed posture of the settling magnetic ring and restores its coaxial state with the settling tube. Under the preload of the compression spring, the slider and the push rod move rapidly, generating an instantaneous corrective thrust on the settling magnetic ring through the push rod, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling tube, thereby correcting its skewed posture and avoiding frictional contact between the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring and the outer wall of the settling tube, which would lead to settling stagnation.

[0025] Furthermore, the step of applying a corrective force to the settling magnetic ring by pushing the push rod with the compression spring when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling pipe axis, thereby forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling pipe, includes: when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling pipe axis, the flexible pressure sensor is compressed, which drives the locking pin to retract through the trigger arm, thereby releasing the lock on the slider; the compression spring pushes the push rod to apply a corrective force to the settling magnetic ring, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling pipe; the mounting plate and the guide rail form a lock to ensure that the corrective force is effectively transmitted.

[0026] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the compression spring provides a continuous outward preload force to the slider and the push rod. The compression spring pushes the push rod to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring. The corrective thrust corrects the skewed posture of the settling magnetic ring and restores its coaxial state with the settling tube. The flexible pressure sensing plate is compressed, which drives the locking pin to retract through the trigger arm, releasing the lock on the slider. The mounting plate and the guide rail form an instantaneous lock to ensure effective transmission of the corrective force.

[0027] Furthermore, after the step of applying a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring by pushing the push rod with the compression spring when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling pipe axis, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling pipe, the following steps are taken: after the correction is completed, the locking pin is reset and engages with the adjacent positioning groove on the slider to achieve new position locking.

[0028] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that after the correction is completed, the locking pin is reset and engages with the adjacent positioning groove on the slider to achieve new position locking, so as to maintain the attitude and monitoring accuracy of the settling magnetic ring during long-term monitoring.

[0029] The advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 The third schematic diagram of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 The fourth schematic diagram of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 The fifth schematic diagram of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is the sixth schematic diagram of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 The seventh schematic diagram of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is the eighth schematic diagram of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is the ninth structural schematic diagram of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 10 This is the tenth structural schematic diagram of the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Reference numerals: 1. Settling pipe; 11. Protective cover plate; 12. Settling magnetic ring; 13. Fin; 14. Mounting chamber; 2. Sensing and correction assembly; 21. Sleeve; 22. Push rod; 23. Slider; 24. Positioning groove; 25. Compression spring; 3. Locking mechanism; 31. Locking pin; 32. Locking protrusion; 33. Inclined guide rail; 34. Sensor bracket; 35. Mounting cavity; 36. Hinge pin; 37. Trigger arm; 38. Contact plate; 39. Elastic leaf spring; 310. Flexible pressure sensor plate; 311. Guide roller; 4. Guide slide rail; 41. V-shaped guide groove; 42. Mounting support plate; 43. Guide ball; 44. Elastic compression baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0044] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0045] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device, including: a settlement tube 1, a settlement magnetic ring 12, and a plurality of sensing and correction components 2 for correcting the deviation and jamming of the settlement magnetic ring 12 during the settlement process. The settlement magnetic ring 12 is slidably sleeved on the settlement tube 1, and the plurality of sensing and correction components 2 are disposed between the inner wall of the settlement magnetic ring 12 and the outer wall of the settlement tube 1.

[0049] The beneficial effect of adopting the technical solution of this invention is that the settlement magnetic ring moves along the outer wall of the settlement pipe as the soil settles. The sensing and correction component is used to automatically correct the deviation or jamming of the settlement magnetic ring during the settlement process.

[0050] This invention relates to the field of settlement monitoring, specifically to a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device and its usage method. During the sliding process along a settlement tube, the settlement magnetic ring becomes skewed relative to the tube axis. If the skew angle is too large, the inner wall of the magnetic ring will come into partial contact or even be compressed against the outer wall of the settlement tube, forming sliding friction. This friction not only hinders the free sinking of the magnetic ring, causing it to stagnate, but also severely distorts the continuity and accuracy of the settlement monitoring data. The slider and push rod move rapidly under the preload of the compression spring, generating an instantaneous corrective thrust on the magnetic ring through the push rod. This forces the magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settlement tube, thereby correcting its skewed posture and preventing frictional contact between the inner wall of the magnetic ring and the outer wall of the settlement tube, which would otherwise cause settlement stagnation.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device, comprising: Settlement pipe 1 is vertically embedded in the soil to be monitored; The settlement magnetic ring 12 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the settlement pipe 1 and moves along the outer wall of the settlement pipe 1 as the soil settles. The sensing and correction component 2 consists of four sets arranged in a circle between the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring 12 and the outer wall of the settling pipe 1. The protective cover plate 11 is fixedly installed on the settling pipe 1 and located above the settling magnetic ring 12; Fins 13 are arranged around the outer wall of the settling magnetic ring 12; The sensing and correction component 2 is used to automatically correct the deviation or jamming of the settling magnetic ring 12 during the settling process.

[0052] Furthermore, the settling magnetic ring 12 has an annular mounting chamber 14 inside; the sensing and correction assembly 2 includes a sleeve 21, which is located inside the mounting chamber 14. The push rod 22 is slidably disposed along the inner radial direction of the sleeve 21, and the outer end of the push rod 22 is connected to the housing of the mounting chamber 14; The slider 23 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the push rod 22 and slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the sleeve 21. A compression spring 25 is disposed between the slider 23 and the inner wall of the sleeve 21; Multiple positioning grooves 24 are equally spaced along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the slider 23; The locking mechanism 3 is mounted on the sleeve 21 and is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the slider 23.

[0053] Furthermore, the locking mechanism 3 includes a locking pin 31, which is radially slidably disposed within the sleeve 21; The locking protrusion 32 is located at the end of the locking pin 31 facing the slider 23 and matches the positioning groove 24; An inclined guide rail 33 is machined on the side of the locking pin 31; The sensor bracket 34 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 21; The trigger arm 37 is mounted in the mounting cavity 35 of the sensor bracket 34 via the hinge pin 36; Contact plate 38 is connected to one end of trigger arm 37 and extends into locking pin 31; The elastic leaf spring 39 is sleeved on the hinge pin 36 and provides a restoring torque for the trigger arm 37; A flexible pressure sensor 310 is attached to the contact plate 38 on the side facing the outer wall of the settling tube 1. The guide roller 311 is located at the extended end of the contact plate 38 and is embedded in the inclined guide rail 33 to form a rolling fit.

[0054] Furthermore, the guide rail 4 is longitudinally fixed at the bottom of the protective cover plate 11; V-shaped guide grooves 41 are symmetrically opened on both sides of the guide rail 4; Mounting support plate 42 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of sleeve 21 of sensing and correction component 2; Guide balls 43 are symmetrically embedded on both sides of the mounting plate 42 and accommodated in the V-shaped guide groove 41; The inner wall of the hole in the mounting plate 42 for accommodating the guide balls 43 has a tapered converging structure.

[0055] Furthermore, the circumferential diameter of the protective cover plate 11 is larger than the top circumferential diameter of the settling magnetic ring 12; The protective cover 11 completely covers the top area of ​​the settling magnetic ring 12.

[0056] Furthermore, multiple fins 13 are evenly arranged to increase the contact area between the settlement magnetic ring 12 and the soil.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, further, the settling magnetic ring 12 is coaxial with the settling pipe 1, and a plurality of sensing and correction components 2 are installed on the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring 12 along the circumference of the settling magnetic ring 12. A protective cover plate 11 is installed on the settling pipe 1, and the protective cover plate 11 is located above the settling magnetic ring 12. A plurality of fins 13 are installed on the outer wall of the sensing and correction components 2.

[0058] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are that the settlement magnetic ring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the settlement tube, and moves downward along the outer wall of the settlement tube as the soil settles, relying on the friction between it and the surrounding soil. The protective cover prevents external soil debris from falling into the gap between the top of the settlement magnetic ring and the settlement tube, thus preventing interference with the normal operation of the sensing and correction components. Multiple fins are evenly arranged to increase the contact area between the settlement magnetic ring and the soil, ensuring the sensitivity and accuracy of the monitoring response. Enhanced coordinated deformation between the settlement magnetic ring and the surrounding soil ensures that ground settlement displacement can be reliably transmitted to the settlement magnetic ring.

[0059] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, further, a plurality of guide rails 4 are installed at the bottom of the protective cover plate 11, and V-shaped guide grooves 41 are symmetrically opened on the guide rails 4. A plurality of mounting plates 42 are installed on the sensing and correction component 2, and holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the mounting plates 42. The holes have a conical converging structure, and guide balls 43 are embedded in the holes. The guide balls 43 are rolled in the V-shaped guide grooves 41. The diameter of the protective cover plate 11 is larger than the diameter of the settling magnetic ring 12. An elastic compression baffle 44 is provided in the V-shaped guide grooves 41.

[0060] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are that the circumferential diameter of the protective cover is larger than the top circumferential diameter of the settlement magnetic ring; the protective cover completely covers the top area of ​​the settlement magnetic ring, isolating the soil above from interfering with the gap between the settlement magnetic ring and the settlement pipe. The mounting plate and the guide rail form an instantaneous lock, ensuring effective transmission of the correction force. The guide balls are respectively accommodated in the V-shaped guide grooves on both sides of the guide rail and can roll within them. The inner wall of the hole in the mounting plate used to accommodate the guide balls has a conical converging structure, so that when the mounting plate is subjected to a force towards the settlement pipe, its inner wall can exert a radial squeezing effect on the guide balls. During normal settlement monitoring, the settlement magnetic ring sinks uniformly along the axial direction of the settlement pipe. At this time, the sleeve moves down synchronously with the settlement magnetic ring through the mounting plate and the guide balls. The guide balls roll smoothly in the V-shaped guide groove, providing axial guidance while allowing the guide balls to have radial freedom of movement to accommodate small centering deviations. When the settling magnetic ring shows a tendency to deviate relative to the settling tube, the sensing and correction component is activated. Under the action of the push rod, the sleeve will drive the mounting plate to produce a slight angular displacement. This angular displacement causes the conical inner wall of the mounting plate to press against the guide balls on both sides, forcing the guide balls to embed into the bottom of the V-shaped guide groove, thus forming an instantaneous mechanical lock between the guide rail and the mounting plate. After the sleeve is restricted by the guide balls and the guide rail, its lateral position relative to the protective cover is temporarily fixed, becoming a reliable rigid fulcrum. The correction force applied to the settling magnetic ring by the compression spring through the push rod is transmitted to the fixed guide rail through the locked sleeve, and is ultimately borne by the protective cover and the settling tube. This prevents the correction force from being absorbed or dispersed during transmission due to the sleeve's own retraction, thus ensuring that most of the correction force can be effectively directed to the settling magnetic ring that needs to be pushed, improving the accuracy of the correction action. After the settling magnetic ring completes its correction action, the lateral force causing the deviation disappears, the squeezing effect of the mounting plate on the guide balls is released, and the guide balls resume free rolling in the V-shaped guide groove. An elastic compression baffle can be set in the V-shaped guide groove to assist the reset of the guide balls, without affecting the subsequent normal settling and the correction action of the settling magnetic ring.

[0061] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, the sensing and correction assembly 2 further includes: a sleeve 21, a push rod 22, a slider 23, a compression spring 25, and a locking mechanism 3 for locking the slider 23. The settling magnetic ring 12 has an annular mounting chamber 14 inside. The sleeve 21 is installed in the mounting chamber 14. One end of the push rod 22 is slidably installed in the sleeve 21, and the other end of the push rod 22 is connected to the inner wall of the mounting chamber 14. The slider 23 is installed at one end of the push rod 22 and is slidably installed in the sleeve 21. The two ends of the compression spring 25 abut against the slider 23 and the sleeve 21, respectively. The side wall of the slider 23 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 24 adapted to the locking mechanism 3 along the axial direction. The locking mechanism 3 is installed on the sleeve 21.

[0062] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the slider and push rod move rapidly under the preload of the compression spring. The push rod generates an instantaneous corrective thrust on the settling magnetic ring, forcing it away from the outer wall of the settling tube, thereby correcting its tilted posture and preventing frictional contact between the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring and the outer wall of the settling tube, which could lead to settlement stagnation. The end of the locking mechanism engages with positioning grooves at different positions according to the deflection of the settling magnetic ring, thus locking the extension and retraction positions of the slider and push rod. During settlement monitoring, if the settling magnetic ring shows a tilting tendency relative to the settling tube due to uneven soil settlement, the locking mechanism immediately engages with the corresponding new positioning groove on the slider, locking the push rod in the new position. During this process, the compression spring applies a reverse corrective force to the housing of the settling magnetic ring's mounting chamber through the push rod, driving the settling magnetic ring to produce a slight rotation or displacement, thereby counteracting the tilting tendency of the settling magnetic ring towards the settling tube. After the lock is released, the slider and push rod move rapidly under the preload of the compression spring. The push rod generates an instantaneous corrective thrust on the settling magnetic ring, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling tube, thereby correcting its tilted posture and preventing the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring from forming frictional contact with the outer wall of the settling tube, which would cause the settling to stop.

[0063] The push rod 22 is slidably disposed in the sleeve 21. The bottom of the push rod 22, which is the part that abuts against the settling magnetic ring 12 during correction, is the mounting chamber 14 inside the settling magnetic ring 12 (i.e., the settling magnetic ring 12). The push rod 22 is connected to a slider 23 at one end of the sleeve 21. The slider 23 is limited by the locking mechanism of the locking mechanism 3, which in turn limits the push rod 22 by the compression spring 25.

[0064] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, the locking mechanism 3 further includes: a locking pin 31, a sensor bracket 34, a reset mechanism, a contact plate 38, and a flexible pressure sensing piece 310. The locking pin 31 is slidably mounted on the sleeve 21 along the radial direction of the sleeve 21. The position of the locking pin 31 is adjacent to the position of the positioning groove 24. The sensor bracket 34 is mounted on the sleeve 21. The reset mechanism is mounted in the sensor bracket 34 and abuts against the contact plate 38. The two ends of the contact plate 38 are respectively connected to the locking pin 31 and the flexible pressure sensing piece 310. The position of the flexible pressure sensing piece 310 is adjacent to the outer wall of the settling pipe 1.

[0065] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the end of the locking mechanism engages with positioning grooves at different positions according to the deflection of the settlement magnetic ring, thereby locking the extension and retraction positions of the slider and push rod. During the settlement monitoring process, if the settlement magnetic ring shows a tendency to deviate relative to the settlement tube due to uneven soil settlement, the locking mechanism immediately engages with the corresponding new positioning groove on the slider, locking the push rod in the new position. When the settlement magnetic ring shows a tendency to deviate relative to the settlement tube due to uneven soil settlement, one side of the settlement magnetic ring gradually approaches the outer wall of the settlement tube. During this process, the flexible pressure sensing plate comes into contact with the outer wall of the settlement tube.

[0066] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the reset mechanism further includes: an inclined guide rail 33, a hinge pin 36, a trigger arm 37, an elastic leaf spring 39, and a guide roller 311. The inclined guide rail 33 is disposed on the side wall of the locking pin 31. The sensor bracket 34 is provided with a mounting cavity 35. The trigger arm 37 is mounted in the mounting cavity 35 through the hinge pin 36. The trigger arm 37 is connected to the contact plate 38. The elastic leaf spring 39 is sleeved on the hinge pin 36. The two ends of the elastic leaf spring 39 abut against the contact plate 38 and the sensor bracket 34, respectively. The guide roller 311 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the contact plate 38 and is rolled in the inclined guide rail 33. The locking pin 31 has a locking protrusion 32 adapted to the positioning groove 24 on the side adjacent to the slider 23.

[0067] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the elastic leaf spring is sleeved on the hinge pin, providing a restoring torque for the trigger arm. When the flexible pressure sensor is pressed, the trigger arm drives the locking pin to retract, releasing the lock on the slider. The small displacement generated by the pressure on the flexible pressure sensor is transmitted to the trigger arm through the contact plate. The trigger arm overcomes the resistance of the elastic leaf spring and rotates slightly around the hinge pin. This rotation acts on the inclined guide rail of the locking pin through the guide roller at the extension end of the contact plate, causing the locking pin to retract radially with the slider, and the locking protrusion disengages from the current positioning groove of the slider. At the instant the corrective thrust is applied, the skew tendency of the sinking magnetic ring is canceled out, the pressure on the flexible pressure sensor disappears, and the trigger arm resets under the restoring torque of the elastic leaf spring, driving the guide roller to move in the opposite direction along the inclined guide rail, causing the locking pin to extend radially again. At this time, since the slider may have undergone a small axial displacement during the correction process, the locking protrusion of the locking pin will automatically engage with the next adjacent positioning groove on the slider, realizing multi-level locking at the new equilibrium position.

[0068] The flexible pressure sensor 310 is connected to the contact plate 38. The two ends of the elastic leaf spring 39 are connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 35 and the contact plate 38, respectively. The elastic leaf spring 39 applies a pre-tightening force to the flexible pressure sensor 310. During the correction stage, the flexible pressure sensor 310 abuts against the outer wall of the settling tube 1. Since the flexible pressure sensor 310 is located in the settling magnetic ring 12, it is triggered when the settling magnetic ring 12 is deflected and contacts the outer wall of the settling tube 1.

[0069] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device, including a sensing and correction component 2, which is suitable for the settlement monitoring process in the long-term ground monitoring process.

[0070] The settlement monitoring process mainly includes a settlement tube 1 and a settlement magnetic ring 12. The settlement tube 1 is vertically embedded in the soil to be monitored. The settlement magnetic ring 12 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the settlement tube 1 and moves downward along the outer wall of the settlement tube 1 as the soil settles, relying on the friction between it and the surrounding soil.

[0071] Specifically, in order to automatically correct any possible deviation or jamming of the settling magnetic ring 12 during the settling process, the sensing and correction component 2 is provided in four sets, arranged in a circle between the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring 12 and the outer wall of the settling pipe 1.

[0072] To prevent external soil debris from falling into the gap between the top of the settlement magnetic ring 12 and the settlement pipe 1 and interfering with the normal operation of the sensing and correction component 2, a protective cover plate 11 is fixedly installed on the settlement pipe 1 and above the settlement magnetic ring 12.

[0073] The circumferential diameter of the protective cover plate 11 is larger than the top circumferential diameter of the settlement magnetic ring 12, which can completely cover the top area of ​​the settlement magnetic ring 12 and isolate the soil above from interfering with the gap between the settlement magnetic ring 12 and the settlement pipe 1.

[0074] To enhance the coordinated deformation of the settlement magnetic ring 12 with the surrounding soil and ensure that the ground settlement displacement can be reliably transmitted to the settlement magnetic ring 12, a plurality of radially protruding fins 13 are uniformly arranged around its circumference on the outer wall of the settlement magnetic ring 12.

[0075] The fins 13 increase the contact area between the settlement magnetic ring 12 and the soil, ensuring the sensitivity and accuracy of the monitoring response.

[0076] In this embodiment, the settling magnetic ring 12 has an annular mounting chamber 14 inside, and the sensing and correction component 2 includes a sleeve 21 disposed in the mounting chamber 14. A push rod 22 is slidably disposed in the sleeve 21 along its radial direction, and the outer end of the push rod 22 is connected to the shell of the mounting chamber 14.

[0077] A slider 23 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the push rod 22, and a compression spring 25 is provided between the slider 23 and the inner wall of the sleeve 21. The compression spring 25 provides a continuous outward preload force for the slider 23 and the push rod 22. Multiple positioning grooves 24 are equally spaced along the axial direction on the outer circumferential surface of the slider 23.

[0078] A locking mechanism 3 is provided on the sleeve 21 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the slider 23. The end of the locking mechanism 3 engages with the positioning groove 24 at different positions according to the deflection of the sinking magnetic ring 12, so as to lock the extension and retraction positions of the slider 23 and the push rod 22.

[0079] During settlement monitoring, if the settlement magnetic ring 12 shows a tendency to deviate relative to the settlement tube 1 due to uneven soil settlement, the locking mechanism 3 immediately engages with the corresponding new positioning groove 24 on the slider 23, locking the push rod 22 in the new position. During this process, the compression spring 25 applies a reverse correction force to the housing of the installation chamber 14 of the settlement magnetic ring 12 through the push rod 22, causing the settlement magnetic ring 12 to produce a small rotation or displacement, thereby counteracting the tendency of the settlement magnetic ring 12 to deviate towards the settlement tube 1.

[0080] In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 3 includes a locking pin 31 that is radially slidably disposed in the sleeve 21. The locking pin 31 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the slider 23 and has a locking protrusion 32 that matches the positioning groove 24 on the slider 23 at the end of the slider 23. An inclined guide rail 33 is machined on the side of the locking pin 31.

[0081] A sensor bracket 34 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 21. The sensor bracket 34 has a mounting cavity 35 inside. A rotatable trigger arm 37 is installed in the mounting cavity 35 through a hinge pin 36. One end of the trigger arm 37 is connected to a contact plate 38, which extends to the area of ​​the locking pin 31. An elastic leaf spring 39 is sleeved on the hinge pin 36. The two ends of the elastic leaf spring 39 are connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 35 and the contact plate 38, respectively, to provide a restoring torque for the trigger arm 37. A flexible pressure sensing sheet 310 is attached to the side of the contact plate 38 facing the outer wall of the settling pipe 1. A guide roller 311 is provided at the extended end of the contact plate 38. The guide roller 311 is embedded in the inclined guide rail 33 of the locking pin 31 to form a rolling fit.

[0082] When the settlement magnetic ring 12 tends to deviate relative to the settlement pipe 1 due to uneven soil settlement, one side of the settlement magnetic ring 12 gradually approaches the outer wall of the settlement pipe 1. During this process, the flexible pressure sensing plate 310 comes into contact with the outer wall of the settlement pipe 1.

[0083] The small displacement generated by the pressure on the flexible pressure sensor 310 is transmitted to the trigger arm 37 through the contact plate 38. The trigger arm 37 overcomes the resistance of the elastic leaf spring 39 and rotates slightly around the hinge pin 36. This rotation acts on the inclined guide rail 33 of the locking pin 31 through the guide roller 311 at the extension end of the contact plate 38, causing the locking pin 31 to retract radially with the slider 23, and the locking protrusion 32 disengages from the current positioning groove 24 of the slider 23.

[0084] After the lock is released, the slider 23 and the push rod 22 move rapidly under the preload of the compression spring 25. The push rod 22 generates an instantaneous corrective thrust on the settling magnetic ring 12, forcing the settling magnetic ring 12 away from the outer wall of the settling tube 1, thereby correcting its tilted posture and preventing the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring 12 from forming frictional contact with the outer wall of the settling tube 1, which would cause the settling to stop.

[0085] At the instant the corrective thrust is applied, the skew tendency of the settling magnetic ring 12 is canceled out, the pressure on the flexible pressure sensing plate 310 disappears, the trigger arm 37 is reset under the restoring torque of the elastic leaf spring 39, driving the guide roller 311 to move in the opposite direction along the inclined guide rail 33, causing the locking pin 31 to extend radially again. At this time, since the slider 23 may have undergone a slight axial displacement during the correction process, the locking protrusion 32 of the locking pin 31 will automatically engage with the next adjacent positioning groove 24 on the slider 23, realizing multi-level locking at the new equilibrium position.

[0086] In this embodiment, the bottom of the protective cover plate 11 corresponds to the orientation of each sensing and correction component 2, and a longitudinal guide rail 4 is fixedly provided. V-shaped guide grooves 41 are symmetrically opened on both sides of the guide rail 4.

[0087] The outer wall of the sleeve 21 of each sensing and correction component 2 is fixedly connected to the corresponding guide rail 4 with a mounting plate 42. Guide balls 43 are symmetrically embedded on both sides of the mounting plate 42. The guide balls 43 are respectively accommodated in the V-shaped guide grooves 41 on both sides of the guide rail 4 and can roll in them. The inner wall of the hole of the mounting plate 42 for accommodating the guide balls 43 has a concave structure, so that when the mounting plate 42 is subjected to a force towards the settling pipe 1, its inner wall can exert a radial squeezing effect on the guide balls 43.

[0088] During normal settlement monitoring, the settlement magnetic ring 12 sinks uniformly along the axial direction of the settlement pipe 1. At this time, the sleeve 21 moves down synchronously with the settlement magnetic ring 12 through the mounting support plate 42 and the guide ball 43. The guide ball 43 rolls smoothly in the V-shaped guide groove 41, providing axial guidance while allowing the guide ball 43 to have radial freedom of movement to adapt to small centering deviations.

[0089] When the settling magnetic ring 12 shows a tendency to deviate relative to the settling pipe 1, the sensing and correction component 2 is activated. Under the action of the push rod 22, the sleeve 21 will drive the mounting plate 42 to produce a small angular displacement. The angular displacement causes the conical inner wall of the mounting plate 42 to squeeze the guide balls 43 on both sides, forcing the guide balls 43 to embed into the bottom of the V-shaped guide groove 41, thereby forming an instantaneous mechanical lock between the guide slide rail 4 and the mounting plate 42.

[0090] When the sleeve 21 is restricted by the guide ball 43 and the guide rail 4, its lateral position relative to the protective cover plate 11 is temporarily fixed, becoming a reliable rigid fulcrum.

[0091] At this time, the compression spring 25 applies a corrective force to the settling magnetic ring 12 through the push rod 22. Its reaction force is transmitted to the fixed guide rail 4 through the locked sleeve 21, and is finally borne by the protective cover plate 11 and the settling tube 1. This prevents the correction force from being absorbed or dispersed during transmission due to the retraction of the sleeve 21 itself, thereby ensuring that most of the correction force can be effectively directed to the settling magnetic ring 12 that needs to be pushed, thus improving the accuracy of the correction action.

[0092] After the settling magnetic ring 12 completes its correction action, the lateral force causing the deviation disappears, the squeezing effect of the mounting plate 42 on the guide ball 43 is released, and the guide ball 43 resumes its free rolling state in the V-shaped guide groove 41. An elastic compression baffle 44 can be set in the V-shaped guide groove 41 to assist the reset of the guide ball 43, without affecting the subsequent normal settling and the correction action of the settling magnetic ring 12.

[0093] In addition, the present invention also provides a method of using a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device. Based on the above-mentioned ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device, the method of using the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device includes: correcting the deviation and jamming of the settlement magnetic ring 12 during the settlement process by using the sensing and correction component 2.

[0094] The beneficial effect of adopting the technical solution of this invention is that the settlement magnetic ring moves along the outer wall of the settlement pipe as the soil settles. The sensing and correction component is used to automatically correct the deviation or jamming of the settlement magnetic ring during the settlement process.

[0095] Furthermore, the step of correcting the deviation and jamming of the settling magnetic ring 12 during the settling process by sensing and correcting the deviation component 2 includes: when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the axis of the settling pipe, the compression spring 25 pushes the push rod 22 to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring 12, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling pipe.

[0096] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the compression spring pushes the push rod to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring. The corrective thrust corrects the skewed posture of the settling magnetic ring and restores its coaxial state with the settling tube. Under the preload of the compression spring, the slider and the push rod move rapidly, generating an instantaneous corrective thrust on the settling magnetic ring through the push rod, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling tube, thereby correcting its skewed posture and avoiding frictional contact between the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring and the outer wall of the settling tube, which would lead to settling stagnation.

[0097] Furthermore, the step of applying a corrective force to the settling magnetic ring 12 by the compression spring 25 pushing the push rod 22 when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling pipe axis, thereby forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling pipe, includes: when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling pipe axis, the flexible pressure sensor 310 is compressed, which drives the locking pin 31 to retract through the trigger arm 37, thereby releasing the lock on the slider 23; the compression spring 25 pushes the push rod 22 to apply a corrective force to the settling magnetic ring 12, thereby forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling pipe; the mounting plate 42 and the guide rail 4 are locked together to ensure that the corrective force is effectively transmitted.

[0098] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that the compression spring provides a continuous outward preload force to the slider and the push rod. The compression spring pushes the push rod to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring. The corrective thrust corrects the skewed posture of the settling magnetic ring and restores its coaxial state with the settling tube. The flexible pressure sensing plate is compressed, which drives the locking pin to retract through the trigger arm, releasing the lock on the slider. The mounting plate and the guide rail form an instantaneous lock to ensure effective transmission of the corrective force.

[0099] Furthermore, after the step of the compression spring 25 pushing the push rod 22 to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring 12 when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling tube axis, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling tube, the following steps are taken: after the correction is completed, the locking pin 31 is reset and engages with the adjacent positioning groove 24 on the slider 23 to achieve new position locking.

[0100] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution is that after the correction is completed, the locking pin is reset and engages with the adjacent positioning groove on the slider to achieve new position locking, so as to maintain the attitude and monitoring accuracy of the settling magnetic ring during long-term monitoring.

[0101] The present invention provides a method for using a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device, comprising the following steps: S1. Settlement magnetic ring 12 is fitted onto the pre-embedded settlement pipe 1; S2. During soil settlement, the settlement magnetic ring 12 moves down along the wall of the settlement pipe 1 for monitoring; S3. When the settling magnetic ring 12 is deflected, its inner side approaches the wall of the settling pipe 1, triggering the sensing and correction component 2. S4. When the flexible pressure sensor 310 is pressed, the locking pin 31 is retracted through the trigger arm 37, thereby releasing the lock on the slider 23. S5. Compression spring 25 pushes push rod 22 to apply corrective thrust to sinking magnetic ring 12; S6. The mounting plate 42 and the guide rail 4 form an instantaneous lock to ensure effective transmission of the correction force; S7. Correct the thrust to correct the skewed attitude of the settling magnetic ring 12 and restore its coaxial state with the settling tube 1; S8. After the correction is completed, the locking pin 31 is reset and engages with the adjacent positioning groove 24 on the slider 23 to lock the new position, so as to maintain the attitude and monitoring accuracy of the settling magnetic ring 12 during long-term monitoring.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that, include: The settling pipe (1), the settling magnetic ring (12), and a plurality of sensing and correction components (2) for correcting the deviation and jamming of the settling magnetic ring (12) during the settling process are provided. The settling magnetic ring (12) is slidably sleeved on the settling pipe (1), and the plurality of sensing and correction components (2) are disposed between the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring (12) and the outer wall of the settling pipe (1).

2. The ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The settling magnetic ring (12) is coaxial with the settling tube (1). Multiple sensing and correction components (2) are installed on the inner wall of the settling magnetic ring (12) along the circumference of the settling magnetic ring (12). A protective cover plate (11) is installed on the settling tube (1). The protective cover plate (11) is located above the settling magnetic ring (12). Multiple fins (13) are installed on the outer wall of the sensing and correction components (2).

3. The ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the protective cover plate (11) is equipped with multiple guide rails (4), and V-shaped guide grooves (41) are symmetrically opened on the guide rails (4). Multiple mounting plates (42) are installed on the sensing and correction component (2). Holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the mounting plate (42). The holes have a conical converging structure. Guide balls (43) are embedded in the holes. The guide balls (43) are rolled in the V-shaped guide grooves (41). The diameter of the protective cover plate (11) is larger than the diameter of the settling magnetic ring (12). An elastic compression baffle (44) is provided in the V-shaped guide grooves (41).

4. The ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing and correction component (2) includes: a sleeve (21), a push rod (22), a slider (23), a compression spring (25), and a locking mechanism (3) for locking the slider (23). The settling magnetic ring (12) has an annular mounting chamber (14) inside. The sleeve (21) is installed in the mounting chamber (14). One end of the push rod (22) is slidably installed in the sleeve (21), and the other end of the push rod (22) is connected to the inner wall of the mounting chamber (14). The slider (23) is installed at one end of the push rod (22) and is slidably installed in the sleeve (21). The two ends of the compression spring (25) abut against the slider (23) and the sleeve (21) respectively. The side wall of the slider (23) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves (24) that are adapted to the locking mechanism (3) along the axial direction. The locking mechanism (3) is installed on the sleeve (21).

5. A ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking mechanism (3) includes: a locking pin (31), a sensor bracket (34), a reset mechanism, a contact plate (38), and a flexible pressure sensing plate (310). The locking pin (31) is slidably mounted on the sleeve (21) along the radial direction of the sleeve (21). The position of the locking pin (31) is adjacent to the position of the positioning groove (24). The sensor bracket (34) is mounted on the sleeve (21). The reset mechanism is mounted in the sensor bracket (34). The reset mechanism abuts against the contact plate (38). The two ends of the contact plate (38) are respectively connected to the locking pin (31) and the flexible pressure sensing plate (310). The position of the flexible pressure sensing plate (310) is adjacent to the outer wall of the settling pipe (1).

6. A ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reset mechanism includes: an inclined guide rail (33), a hinge pin (36), a trigger arm (37), an elastic leaf spring (39), and a guide roller (311). The inclined guide rail (33) is disposed on the side wall of the locking pin (31). The sensor bracket (34) has a mounting cavity (35). The trigger arm (37) is mounted in the mounting cavity (35) through the hinge pin (36). The trigger arm (37) is connected to the contact plate (38). A leaf spring (39) is sleeved on the hinge pin (36). The two ends of the elastic leaf spring (39) abut against the contact plate (38) and the sensor bracket (34) respectively. The guide roller (311) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the contact plate (38) and is rolled in the inclined guide rail (33). The locking pin (31) has a locking protrusion (32) adapted to the positioning groove (24) on the side adjacent to the slider (23).

7. A method for using a ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that, Based on any one of claims 1 to 6, the method of using the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device includes: The settling magnetic ring (12) is corrected for deviation and jamming during the settling process by the sensing and correction component (2).

8. The method of using the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of correcting the deviation and jamming of the settling magnetic ring (12) during the settling process by the sensing and correction component (2) includes: when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling pipe axis, the compression spring (25) pushes the push rod (22) to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring (12), forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling pipe.

9. The method of using the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of the compression spring (25) pushing the push rod (22) to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring (12) when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling tube axis, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling tube, includes: when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling tube axis, the flexible pressure sensor (310) is pressed, and the locking pin (31) is driven to retract through the trigger arm (37) to release the lock on the slider (23); The compression spring (25) pushes the push rod (22) to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring (12), forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling tube; The mounting plate (42) and the guide rail (4) are locked together to ensure that the correction force is effectively transmitted.

10. The method of using the ground settlement deformation monitoring and early warning device according to claim 9, characterized in that, After the step of the compression spring (25) pushing the push rod (22) to apply a corrective thrust to the settling magnetic ring (12) when the settling magnetic ring is deviated relative to the settling pipe axis, forcing the settling magnetic ring away from the outer wall of the settling pipe, the following steps are included: after the correction is completed, the locking pin (31) is reset and engages with the adjacent positioning groove (24) on the slider (23) to achieve new position locking.

Images