Elevator guide rail installation verticality real-time detection device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of elevator installation and testing, specifically relating to a real-time detection device for the verticality of elevator guide rail installation. The device includes a verticality detection plate, a reference shaft, and a fixing plate. The verticality detection plate comprises a left support plate and a right support plate, which are threaded together. A through hole is provided in the middle of the right support plate, through which it is sleeved onto the reference shaft. The upper and lower ends of the reference shaft are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the elevator shaft, serving as a reference surface. Two sets of detection components are installed above both the left and right support plates, and the two sets of detection components are symmetrically arranged. This invention can simultaneously detect dual guide rails, achieving real-time detection of each section installed, measured, and adjusted. It effectively suppresses the accumulation of deviations, has high detection accuracy, strong versatility, simple structure, and low cost, balancing detection accuracy and work efficiency, and is suitable for various elevator guide rail installation projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of elevator installation and testing, specifically relating to a real-time detection device for the verticality of elevator guide rail installation. Background Technology

[0002] Elevator guide rails are the core guiding components for elevator operation, and their installation verticality directly determines the smoothness, comfort, and safety of elevator operation. According to national standards, the verticality deviation of elevator guide rails must be controlled within 0.7mm for every 5 meters. Excessive deviation can easily cause elevator vibration, noise, and accelerated wear, and in severe cases, even lead to safety accidents. Therefore, achieving real-time, high-precision detection and adjustment of verticality during guide rail installation is a crucial step in ensuring the quality of elevator installation.

[0003] Currently, elevator guide rail verticality inspection in the industry is mainly divided into two categories: traditional methods and electronic inspection. Traditional methods often employ a plumb line measurement method, where a plumb line is suspended inside the shaft, and a steel tape measure is used manually to measure the distance between the guide rail and the plumb line point by point to determine verticality. This method is simple and low-cost, but it suffers from drawbacks such as low measurement accuracy, large human error, low efficiency, and inability to provide real-time readings, and it is difficult to meet high-precision installation requirements. With technological advancements, electronic inspection devices based on laser collimation, tilt sensors, or displacement sensors have emerged, improving inspection accuracy and automation levels to some extent.

[0004] In the prior art, disclosed elevator guide rail verticality detection devices, such as CN216206201U (an elevator guide rail verticality detection fixture), use a slider and pressure sensor to detect guide rail verticality. Although this can achieve automated measurement, it can only detect one side of the guide rail at a time and cannot simultaneously detect two guide rails. Installation and calibration require repeated operations, resulting in a large workload and low efficiency. Another prior art, CN114705134B (an automatic detection device for elevator guide rail verticality and parallelism), discloses an automatic detection device for guide rail verticality and parallelism that uses a multi-sensor fusion scheme to achieve automatic detection of guide rail parameters. However, the device has a complex structure, high cost, and lacks buffer control for the moving speed during the detection process. When moving manually, excessive speed can easily cause sensor response lag, affecting detection accuracy. Furthermore, it is difficult to adapt to guide rails with different spacings, resulting in insufficient versatility.

[0005] In summary, existing elevator guide rail verticality detection technologies suffer from several drawbacks, including the inability to simultaneously detect dual guide rails, susceptibility to speed-dependent accuracy issues, poor versatility, complex structures, and high costs. Furthermore, most technologies involve "comprehensive testing after installation," failing to achieve real-time closed-loop control of "installing, measuring, and adjusting sections," which can lead to error accumulation and significant challenges and costs associated with subsequent rectification. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a real-time elevator guide rail verticality detection device that can simultaneously detect dual guide rails, adaptively adjust detection pressure, possess a movement buffer function, and exhibit a simple and versatile structure to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a real-time detection device for the verticality of elevator guide rail installation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a real-time verticality detection device for elevator guide rail installation, comprising a verticality detection plate, a reference shaft, and a fixing plate. The verticality detection plate includes a left support plate and a right support plate, which are threadedly connected. A through hole is provided in the middle of the right support plate, and the reference shaft is sleeved through the through hole. The upper and lower ends of the reference shaft are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the elevator shaft, serving as a reference surface. Two sets of detection components are installed above both the left and right support plates, and the two sets of detection components are symmetrically arranged. The bottom surface of the fixing plate contacts the upper surface of the detection component and is fixed to the verticality detection plate by bolts. Each detection component includes a hydraulic chamber, a displacement sensor, a displacement shaft, and a detection rod. The displacement sensor is located inside the hydraulic chamber, and the displacement shaft passes through the displacement sensor. The detection rod is axially connected to the inner end of the displacement shaft and fits against the outer wall of the elevator guide rail. A photosensitive module is provided inside the displacement sensor. The photosensitive module is used to identify the displacement distance of the displacement shaft through photosensitive detection, thereby determining the verticality error of the elevator guide rail installation.

[0008] The present invention further illustrates that the interior of the hydraulic cavity is hollow, and the outer end of the displacement shaft is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic cavity. A pressing rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic cavity, and the outer end of the pressing rod extends out of the hydraulic cavity, forming a closed space between the inner end and the outer end of the displacement shaft.

[0009] The present invention further illustrates that the closed space formed between the inner end of the extrusion rod and the outer end of the displacement shaft is filled with hydraulic oil; the outer end of the hydraulic cavity is provided with a threaded hole, and the extrusion rod is threaded into the threaded hole.

[0010] The present invention further illustrates that a sleeve is integrally formed at the bottom of the right support plate, and the reference shaft is inserted into the sleeve; a speed reducer is rotatably connected inside the sleeve, the speed reducer is movably connected to the sleeve, and the reference shaft is inserted into the speed reducer.

[0011] The present invention further illustrates that the inner wall of the speed reducer is provided with symmetrically arranged spiral grooves and inclined grooves, and the spiral grooves and inclined grooves are connected to each other; the outer surface of the reference shaft is provided with a groove, and a ball is rolled in the groove, the ball being rolled in the spiral groove and inclined groove.

[0012] The present invention further illustrates that the upper interior of the sleeve is connected to the closed space formed between the inner end of the extrusion rod and the outer end of the displacement shaft via a pipe; a closed space is also formed between the upper surface of the speed reducer and the upper interior wall of the sleeve, and the closed space is also filled with hydraulic oil.

[0013] The present invention further explains that the rotation mode of the extrusion rod includes forward rotation and reverse rotation.

[0014] The present invention further illustrates that the photosensitive module is connected to an external terminal via a signal and transmits verticality error data to the external terminal.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: 1. Real-time segmented detection is achieved to avoid error accumulation. The detection method of "installing a section, measuring a section, and adjusting a section" is adopted to identify and correct verticality deviations in real time during the guide rail installation process. Errors are controlled at the installation stage, eliminating the accumulation of deviations in the later stage, greatly reducing rework costs, meeting national standard acceptance requirements, and ensuring elevator operation safety and ride comfort. 2. It can simultaneously detect dual guide rails, significantly improving construction efficiency. The detection components are symmetrically arranged on the left and right support plates, which can simultaneously detect the verticality of two elevator guide rails without the need for separate measurements. Compared with traditional single-sided detection devices, the work efficiency is greatly improved. 3. Adaptable to different guide rail spacings, with greater versatility. The left and right support plates are connected by threads, allowing for flexible adjustment of the overall length of the detection plate according to the spacing between the two guide rails on site. This ensures that the detection rod precisely fits the outer wall of the guide rail, making it suitable for elevator installation scenarios of different specifications and shaft sizes, with a wide range of applications. 4. Adjustable hydraulic preload for higher detection accuracy: By adjusting the hydraulic oil pressure through the extrusion rod, the contact pressure between the detection rod and the outer wall of the guide rail can be precisely controlled, ensuring tight contact and no overpressure deformation, reducing measurement gap errors, and improving the detection stability and accuracy of the displacement sensor. 5. Adaptive movement deceleration damping, balancing accuracy and efficiency, achieves automatic deceleration when the detection plate moves through the cooperation of a deceleration disc, spiral groove, inclined groove and ball bearings, avoiding sensor response lag caused by manual excessive sliding; at the same time, the deceleration disc cavity and the detection hydraulic cavity are linked, which can automatically adjust the displacement shaft damping according to the movement speed, increasing resistance for stable measurement at high speed and reducing resistance for wear at low speed, thus extending the life of the device while ensuring accuracy. 6. The structure is simple and easy to assemble and disassemble, with obvious advantages in cost and maintenance. The whole adopts a modular and detachable design, which has low manufacturing cost and is convenient for on-site installation, storage and maintenance. It can be widely used in various elevator guide rail installation projects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure above the left support plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe connection method between the two closed structures of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the structure above the left support plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve and the speed reducer of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the reference shaft, sleeve, and speed reducer of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speed reducer of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Reference shaft; 2. Left support plate; 3. Right support plate; 31. Sleeve; 32. Reducer; 321. Spiral groove; 322. Inclined groove; 4. Hydraulic chamber; 41. Extrusion rod; 5. Displacement sensor; 6. Displacement shaft; 7. Detection rod; 8. Fixing plate; 9. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following detailed, non-limiting description of the technical solution of the present invention, in conjunction with preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings, is provided. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a real-time detection device for the verticality of elevator guide rail installation, comprising a verticality detection plate, a reference shaft 1 and a fixing plate 8, characterized in that: the verticality detection plate comprises a left support plate 2 and a right support plate 3, and the left support plate 2 and the right support plate 3 are threadedly connected. The right support plate 3 has a through hole in the middle and is sleeved on the reference shaft 1 through the through hole. The upper and lower ends of the reference shaft 1 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the elevator shaft and are used as reference surfaces. Two sets of detection components are installed on the upper part of the left support plate 2 and the right support plate 3, and the two sets of detection components are symmetrically arranged. The bottom surface of the fixing plate 8 contacts the upper surface of the detection component and is fixed to the verticality detection plate by bolts. The detection components include a hydraulic cavity 4, a displacement sensor 5, a displacement shaft 6 and a detection rod 7. The displacement sensor 5 is located inside the hydraulic chamber 4, and the displacement shaft 6 is inserted inside the displacement sensor 5. The detection rod 7 is connected to the inner end of the displacement shaft 6 and is in contact with the outer wall of the elevator guide rail. A photosensitive module is provided inside the displacement sensor 5. The photosensitive module is used to identify the displacement distance of the displacement shaft 6 through photosensitive detection, thereby determining the verticality error of the elevator guide rail installation. The operator attaches the verticality testing plate onto the reference shaft 1, then installs the testing assembly onto the verticality testing plate using the fixing plate 8 and bolts. The testing rod 7 is then placed against the outer wall of the elevator guide rail. The upper and lower ends of the reference shaft 1 are fixed inside the elevator shaft, ensuring it is vertical, serving as a reference surface. After installing a section of the elevator guide rail, the operator moves the verticality testing plate up and down, causing the left support plate 2 and right support plate 3 to move up and down. This movement, via the displacement sensor 5, drives the displacement shaft 6 to move up and down, thereby causing the testing rod 7 to move up and down. When a verticality error occurs in the elevator guide rail, the outer wall of the elevator guide rail applies a force to the testing rod 7, causing it to move in the opposite direction. The moving displacement shaft 6 moves within the displacement sensor 5, and the photosensitive module senses the displacement distance of the displacement shaft 6. When the displacement distance exceeds the limit value, it indicates that the verticality error is out of range. At this time, the position of the elevator guide rail is readjusted to ensure the verticality of the elevator guide rail installation. Verticality is detected in real time by installing, measuring, and adjusting section by section. This prevents the accumulation of deviations, ensures safe operation, controls comfort and stability, reduces rework costs, and meets national standards. By detecting errors in real time, errors are nipped in the bud during the installation process and are not left for later use. At the same time, two guide rails can be installed simultaneously, and the verticality of both guide rails can be detected at the same time, which greatly improves work efficiency. Furthermore, before installing the verticality detection plate, based on the distance between the two elevator guide rails, one of the support plates can be rotated through the threaded connection between the left support plate 2 and the right support plate 3 to adjust the length of the verticality detection plate, so that the position of the detection rod 7 can be adapted to the position of the elevator guide rail. It has a wide range of applications and is easy to operate. The overall testing device has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and can be widely used in all elevator guide rail installations. It is also detachable, making maintenance relatively convenient and efficient, and easy to store.

[0019] The interior of the hydraulic chamber 4 is hollow, and the outer end of the displacement shaft 6 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber 4. The inner wall of the hydraulic chamber 4 is slidably connected to the extrusion rod 41, the outer end of the extrusion rod 41 extends out of the hydraulic chamber 4, and a closed space is formed between the inner end and the outer end of the displacement shaft 6.

[0020] The closed space formed between the inner end of the extrusion rod 41 and the outer end of the displacement shaft 6 is filled with hydraulic oil; The outer end of the hydraulic chamber 4 is provided with a threaded hole, and the extrusion rod 41 is threaded into the threaded hole; When installing the detection component, the detection rod 7 is in contact with the outer wall of the elevator guide rail. At the same time, the operator rotates the extrusion rod 41, which is driven by the threaded hole to achieve thread transmission, thereby moving left and right. The inner end of the extrusion rod 41 squeezes or releases the hydraulic oil, thereby causing the displacement shaft 6 to be stressed, which in turn drives the detection rod 7 to move left and right. This adjusts the pressure between the inner side of the detection rod 7 and the outer wall of the elevator guide rail, so that the displacement accuracy of the detection rod 7 is higher when performing verticality detection in the future, thereby improving the verticality detection accuracy. Operators can adjust the hydraulic oil pressure in the enclosed space by rotating the squeezing rod 41, thereby adjusting the pressure of the detection rod 7 on the outer wall of the elevator guide rail to improve the tightness between the two and further improve the verticality detection accuracy.

[0021] The bottom of the right support plate 3 is integrally formed with a sleeve 31, and the reference shaft 1 is inserted into the sleeve 31. The sleeve 31 is rotatably connected to a reduction gear 32, which is movably connected to the sleeve 31. The reference shaft 1 is inserted into the reduction gear 32.

[0022] The inner wall of the speed reducer 32 is provided with symmetrically arranged spiral grooves 321 and inclined grooves 322, and the spiral grooves 321 and inclined grooves 322 are connected to each other. The outer surface of the reference shaft 1 is provided with a groove, and a ball bearing 9 is rolled in the groove. The ball bearing 9 is rolled in the spiral groove 321 and the inclined groove 322. When the verticality detection plate moves up and down, it drives the sleeve 31 and the speed reducer 32 to slide up and down on the outer wall of the reference shaft 1. During the sliding process, the ball 9 rolls in the spiral groove 321 and the inclined groove 322, generating axial force, which causes the speed reducer 32 to rotate and provide resistance to the movement of the verticality detection plate, thus slowing down the movement speed. At the same time, the speed reducer 32 is affected by the axial force and moves upward while rotating. When the ball 9 rolls from the spiral groove 321 into the inclined groove 322, the speed reducer 32 quickly descends and resets. This makes the verticality detection plate move downward at varying speeds, which can slow down the movement speed of the verticality detection plate and avoid the displacement accuracy of the detection rod 7 due to excessive movement speed caused by manual operation, thereby affecting the verticality detection accuracy. It can also relatively ensure the movement speed, thus ensuring detection efficiency and work efficiency.

[0023] The sleeve 31 is connected to the closed space formed between the inner upper part of the sleeve 31 and the inner end of the extrusion rod 41 and the outer end of the displacement shaft 6 by a pipe. A closed space is also formed between the upper surface of the speed reducer 32 and the upper part of the inner wall of the sleeve 31, and the closed space is also filled with hydraulic oil. When the deceleration disc 32 moves upward under the action of axial force, the hydraulic oil in the enclosed space above it is squeezed and enters the enclosed space between the inner end of the extrusion rod 41 and the outer end of the displacement shaft 6 through the pipe, thereby increasing the resistance to the displacement shaft 6, thereby further slowing down the movement speed of the displacement shaft 6, thereby further improving the sensing accuracy of the photosensitive module, and avoiding the verticality detection accuracy being affected by the inability to sense due to the excessive movement speed. Example

[0024] When the verticality detection plate moves quickly during manual operation, the speed reduction plate 32 rotates and moves upwards and then resets downwards at a high frequency. At this time, the frequency of further increasing the resistance to the displacement shaft 6 is also relatively high, which fully slows down the displacement speed of the displacement shaft 6, thereby greatly improving the verticality detection accuracy. Example

[0025] When the verticality detection plate is moved slowly by manual operation, the movement speed and detection accuracy of the displacement shaft 6 can be stably controlled. The frequency of the process of the deceleration plate 32 rotating upward and moving upward and then resetting downward is low. At this time, the frequency of further increasing the resistance of the displacement shaft 6 is also relatively low. The displacement speed of the displacement shaft 6 is relatively increased, which ensures the detection accuracy, reduces the wear of the structure, and improves the service life of the detection device.

[0026] The compression rod 41 can rotate in both forward and reverse directions. Example

[0027] When the verticality detection plate is moved quickly by manual operation, the resistance at the downward moving end of the verticality detection plate is greater, and the detection data can remain stable and accurate. At this time, the operator can rotate the squeezing rod 41 in the opposite direction to appropriately reduce the resistance of the hydraulic oil to the displacement shaft 6 and the reduction plate 32, thereby relatively improving the smoothness of verticality detection, which can further improve work efficiency without affecting the detection accuracy.

[0028] The photosensitive module establishes a signal connection with an external terminal and transmits verticality error data to the external terminal. The photosensitive module senses the displacement distance of displacement axis 6, measures the verticality error based on the displacement distance, and transmits the data to the terminal so that the operator can detect the verticality of the elevator guide rail during installation in real time.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features, and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elevator guide rail installation verticality real-time detection device, comprising a verticality detection plate, a reference shaft (1) and a fixed plate (8), characterized in that: The verticality detection plate includes a left support plate (2) and a right support plate (3), and the left support plate (2) and the right support plate (3) are threaded together; The right support plate (3) has a through hole in the middle and is sleeved on the reference shaft (1) through the through hole. The upper and lower ends of the reference shaft (1) are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the elevator shaft and are used as reference surfaces. Two sets of detection components are installed on the upper part of the left support plate (2) and the right support plate (3), and the two sets of detection components are symmetrically arranged. The bottom surface of the fixing plate (8) is in contact with the upper surface of the detection component and is fixed to the verticality detection plate by bolts. The detection components include a hydraulic cavity (4), a displacement sensor (5), a displacement shaft (6), and a detection rod (7). The displacement sensor (5) is located inside the hydraulic chamber (4), and the displacement shaft (6) is inserted inside the displacement sensor (5). The detection rod (7) is axially connected to the inner end of the displacement shaft (6) and fits against the outer wall of the elevator guide rail. A photosensitive module is provided inside the displacement sensor (5). The photosensitive module is used to identify the displacement distance of the displacement shaft (6) through photosensitive detection, thereby determining the verticality error of the elevator guide rail installation.

2. The real-time detection device for verticality of elevator guide rail installation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the hydraulic cavity (4) is hollow, and the outer end of the displacement shaft (6) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic cavity (4). The inner wall of the hydraulic cavity (4) is slidably connected to a pressing rod (41), the outer end of the pressing rod (41) extends out of the hydraulic cavity (4), and a closed space is formed between the inner end and the outer end of the displacement shaft (6).

3. The real-time detection device for verticality of elevator guide rail installation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The closed space formed between the inner end of the extrusion rod (41) and the outer end of the displacement shaft (6) is filled with hydraulic oil; The outer end of the hydraulic chamber (4) is provided with a threaded hole, and the extrusion rod (41) is threaded into the threaded hole.

4. The real-time detection device for verticality of elevator guide rail installation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the right support plate (3) is integrally formed with a sleeve (31), and the reference shaft (1) is inserted into the sleeve (31); The sleeve (31) is rotatably connected to a speed reducer (32), which is movably connected to the sleeve (31) and the reference shaft (1) is inserted into the speed reducer (32).

5. The real-time detection device for verticality of elevator guide rail installation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the speed reducer (32) is provided with symmetrically arranged spiral grooves (321) and inclined grooves (322), and the spiral grooves (321) and inclined grooves (322) are connected to each other; The outer surface of the reference shaft (1) is provided with a groove, and a ball (9) is rolled in the groove. The ball (9) is rolled in the spiral groove (321) and the inclined groove (322).

6. The real-time detection device for verticality of elevator guide rail installation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sleeve (31) is connected to the closed space formed between the upper interior and the inner end of the extrusion rod (41) and the outer end of the displacement shaft (6) by a pipe. The upper surface of the speed reducer (32) and the upper part of the inner wall of the sleeve (31) also form a closed space, and the closed space is also filled with hydraulic oil.

7. The real-time detection device for verticality of elevator guide rail installation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotation of the extrusion rod (41) includes forward rotation and reverse rotation.

8. The real-time detection device for verticality of elevator guide rail installation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photosensitive module is connected to an external terminal via a signal and transmits verticality error data to the external terminal.

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