Optical fiber vibration source positioning method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fiber optic vibration analysis technology, and particularly to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for locating fiber optic vibration sources. The method first acquires a first waveform data queue; then, it segments the first waveform data queue and extracts the frequency domain amplitude of multiple waveform segments based on each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector; next, it binarizes and concatenates the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors to obtain the waveform time; finally, it determines the transmission time of the first waveform's starting end based on the initial phase, truncation length, and waveform time, and determines the vibration source location based on the reception time and transmission time of the first waveform's starting end. This invention determines the optical signal transmission time by demodulating and modulating the laser optical signal and compensating for the demodulated duration. Compared to current methods that rely on backscattered Rayleigh laser pulse feature analysis, this method offers higher accuracy and better vibration source location.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber optic vibration analysis technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for locating fiber optic vibration sources. Background Technology

[0002] Fiber optic vibration source localization is a technology that uses fiber optic sensing to detect and determine the location of external vibration events. Its core advantages lie in distributed continuous monitoring, long-distance coverage, intrinsic safety (no electrical sensors), and resistance to electromagnetic interference.

[0003] Fiber optic vibration source localization is based on the scattering effect or interference phenomenon of light propagating in optical fibers. Localization is achieved by analyzing the changes in the optical signal caused by vibration. One method involves measuring the scattering effect of an optical fiber vibration source by detecting the phase / intensity changes of scattered light caused by external vibrations as a laser pulse propagates in the fiber. By measuring the return time t of the scattered signal, the vibration source is located based on the speed of light propagation in the fiber. Another method, utilizing the interference characteristics of light, calculates the return time based on the interference between the emitted light and the scattered light induced by the vibration source. This method offers higher accuracy, reaching sub-meter levels. However, this detection method requires highly precise measurement equipment, resulting in significant equipment investment. Furthermore, the monitoring distance is shorter than the former method, typically not exceeding ten kilometers.

[0004] Currently, the method for locating vibration sources by utilizing the phase sensitivity of backscattered Rayleigh light involves injecting laser pulses into an optical fiber, comparing the characteristics of the laser pulse itself with those of the backscattered Rayleigh light to determine the return time, and finally completing the location. However, the accuracy of this method needs to be improved.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for locating fiber optic vibration sources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for locating fiber optic vibration sources, which solves the problem that the positioning accuracy using the characteristics of backscattered Rayleigh light in the prior art needs to be improved.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for locating an optical fiber vibration source, comprising: Acquire a first waveform data queue, wherein the first waveform data queue is obtained based on a first waveform extracted from backscattered Rayleigh light; The first waveform data queue is segmented, and the frequency domain amplitude is extracted from the multiple waveform segments obtained according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector. Each frequency domain amplitude vector corresponds to a subcarrier frequency, and the frequency domain amplitude vector is constructed based on multiple frequency domain amplitudes. The waveform time is obtained by binarizing and concatenating the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors; Based on the starting phase, truncation length, and waveform time of the first waveform, the transmission time of the first waveform's starting end is determined, and based on the reception time and transmission time of the first waveform's starting end, the position of the vibration source is determined, wherein the truncation length is the length truncated at the front end when splicing the frequency domain amplitude vector.

[0008] In one possible implementation, segmenting the first waveform data queue and extracting the frequency domain amplitude of the obtained multiple waveform segments according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector includes: Obtain the modulation fundamental frequency, wherein the first waveform is obtained based on the synthesis of multiple subcarriers generated according to multiple harmonics of the modulation fundamental frequency; Starting from the beginning of the first waveform data queue, a waveform segment of a first length is slidably intercepted as the initial phase analysis waveform segment, and phase analysis is performed on the initial phase analysis waveform segment according to the modulation wave frequency, thereby determining the zero phase reference in the first waveform data queue; Starting from the zero-phase reference, the first waveform data queue is segmented according to the second length to obtain multiple first waveform segments; Using the modulation fundamental frequency and each harmonic coefficient, frequency domain amplitude is extracted from the plurality of first waveform segments respectively, and the extracted frequency domain amplitudes are constructed into a frequency domain amplitude vector, wherein each harmonic coefficient corresponds to a subcarrier.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the step of slidingly truncating a waveform segment of a first length as a starting phase analysis waveform segment from the beginning of the first waveform data queue, and performing phase analysis on the starting phase analysis waveform segment according to the modulation wave frequency to determine the zero-phase reference in the first waveform data queue includes: Obtain the starting point of the truncation and initialize the starting point of the truncation as the starting point of the first waveform data queue; According to the described starting point, a waveform segment of a first length is extracted from the first waveform data queue as the starting phase analysis waveform segment; Phase analysis is performed on the initial phase analysis waveform segment according to the first formula and the modulation wave frequency to obtain the phase angle, wherein the first formula is:

[0010] In the formula, The phase angle, It is the arctangent function in the fourth quadrant. The amplitude of the fundamental sine wave. The amplitude of the fundamental cosine wave. Pi For the modulation wave frequency, The sampling rate of the first waveform data queue. The first phase analysis waveform segment One data point, This represents the total number of data points in the initial phase analysis waveform segment. Add the phase angle to the phase angle queue; If the number of slips does not reach the slip count threshold, the starting point of the cutoff is offset, and the process jumps to the step of extracting a waveform segment of a first length from the first waveform data queue based on the starting point of the cutoff as the starting phase analysis waveform segment. Otherwise, the phase angle with the smallest absolute value in the phase angle queue is taken as the target phase angle, the starting point of the interception corresponding to the target phase angle is taken as the zero phase basis, and the first phase angle in the phase angle queue is taken as the starting phase.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the step of extracting the frequency domain amplitude of each of the plurality of first waveform segments using the modulation fundamental frequency and each harmonic coefficient includes: Using the second formula, the fundamental modulation frequency, and each harmonic coefficient, the frequency domain amplitude is extracted from each of the plurality of first waveform segments, wherein the second formula is:

[0012] In the formula, According to Frequency multiplication carrier frequency for the first The frequency domain amplitude extracted from the first waveform segment This represents the total number of data points in the first waveform segment. It is a natural constant. Pi The imaginary unit, For the harmonic coefficient, For the modulation wave frequency, The sampling rate is the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the binarization and concatenation of the plurality of frequency domain amplitude vectors to obtain the waveform time includes: Binarize each frequency domain amplitude vector to obtain the first binary vector; Based on the data interval marker, multiple first binary vectors are compared to determine the start and end points of the data in the first binary vector; Extract the data segment located between the data start bit and the data end bit from each first binary vector, and use it as the valid data segment; The length of the data preceding the effective data segment in the first binarized vector is taken as the truncation length. Multiple valid data segments are spliced ​​together in a predetermined order to obtain the waveform time.

[0014] In one possible implementation, determining the transmission time of the first waveform's start end based on the first waveform's initial phase, truncation length, and waveform time includes: Obtain the second length, wherein the second length is the length of the segmentation of the first waveform data queue; The truncation duration is determined based on the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length. The phase duration is determined based on the initial phase of the first waveform and the modulation fundamental frequency. The difference between the waveform time, the truncated duration, and the phase duration is taken as the transmission time of the first waveform start end.

[0015] In one possible implementation, determining the truncation duration based on the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length includes: The truncation duration is determined based on the third formula, the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length, wherein the third formula is:

[0016] In the formula, For the duration of the cutoff, For the second length, This is the truncated length. The sampling rate of the first waveform data queue; Determining the phase duration based on the initial phase of the first waveform and the modulation fundamental frequency includes: The phase duration is determined based on the fourth formula, the initial phase of the first waveform, and the modulation fundamental frequency, wherein the fourth formula is:

[0017] In the formula, For phase duration, Pi This represents the initial phase of the first waveform. The frequency of the modulation wave.

[0018] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an optical fiber vibration source positioning device for implementing the optical fiber vibration source positioning method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof, the optical fiber vibration source positioning device comprising: A scattered light waveform acquisition module is used to acquire a first waveform data queue, wherein the first waveform data queue is obtained based on a first waveform extracted from backscattered Rayleigh light; The waveform decomposition module is used to segment the first waveform data queue and extract the frequency domain amplitude of the obtained multiple waveform segments according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector, wherein each frequency domain amplitude vector corresponds to a subcarrier frequency, and the frequency domain amplitude vector is constructed based on multiple frequency domain amplitudes; The carrier time extraction module is used to perform binarization processing and splicing on the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors to obtain the waveform time. as well as, The vibration source location determination module is used to determine the transmission time of the first waveform starting end based on the starting phase, truncation length and waveform time of the first waveform, and to determine the vibration source location based on the reception time and transmission time of the first waveform starting end, wherein the truncation length is the length truncated at the front end when splicing the frequency domain amplitude vector.

[0019] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0020] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: This invention discloses a method for locating an optical fiber vibration source. First, a first waveform data queue is acquired, which is obtained based on a first waveform extracted from backscattered Rayleigh light. Then, the first waveform data queue is segmented, and frequency domain amplitude is extracted from the multiple waveform segments according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector. Each frequency domain amplitude vector corresponds to a subcarrier frequency, and the frequency domain amplitude vector is constructed based on multiple frequency domain amplitudes. Next, the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors are binarized and spliced ​​to obtain the waveform time. Finally, the transmission time of the first waveform's starting end is determined based on the starting phase, truncation length, and the waveform time. The vibration source location is determined based on the reception time and transmission time of the first waveform's starting end, where the truncation length is the length truncated at the front end when splicing the frequency domain amplitude vectors. This invention generates a modulated laser signal carrying the laser transmission time, and then uses demodulation and demodulated duration compensation to accurately locate the transmission time of the modulated laser signal. Compared with the current method of transmitting laser pulses and analyzing and comparing the characteristics of backscattered Rayleigh laser pulses, this method has higher accuracy and better vibration source localization effect. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the fiber optic vibration source localization method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the modulation laser signal formation principle provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a functional block diagram of the fiber optic vibration source positioning device provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] In the following description, specific details such as particular system structures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary detail.

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, specific embodiments will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. This example is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 A flowchart of the fiber optic vibration source localization method provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a flowchart illustrating the implementation of the fiber optic vibration source localization method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which is described in detail below: In step 101, a first waveform data queue is obtained, wherein the first waveform data queue is obtained based on the first waveform extracted from the backscattered Rayleigh light.

[0029] In step 102, the first waveform data queue is segmented, and the frequency domain amplitude is extracted from the multiple waveform segments obtained according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector. Each frequency domain amplitude vector corresponds to a subcarrier frequency, and the frequency domain amplitude vector is constructed based on multiple frequency domain amplitudes.

[0030] In some implementations, segmenting the first waveform data queue and extracting the frequency domain amplitude of the obtained multiple waveform segments according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector includes: Obtain the modulation fundamental frequency, wherein the first waveform is obtained based on the synthesis of multiple subcarriers generated according to multiple harmonics of the modulation fundamental frequency; Starting from the beginning of the first waveform data queue, a waveform segment of a first length is slidably intercepted as the initial phase analysis waveform segment, and phase analysis is performed on the initial phase analysis waveform segment according to the modulation wave frequency, thereby determining the zero phase reference in the first waveform data queue; Starting from the zero-phase reference, the first waveform data queue is segmented according to the second length to obtain multiple first waveform segments; Using the modulation fundamental frequency and each harmonic coefficient, frequency domain amplitude is extracted from the plurality of first waveform segments respectively, and the extracted frequency domain amplitudes are constructed into a frequency domain amplitude vector, wherein each harmonic coefficient corresponds to a subcarrier.

[0031] In some embodiments, the step of slidingly truncating a waveform segment of a first length as a starting phase analysis waveform segment from the beginning of the first waveform data queue, and performing phase analysis on the starting phase analysis waveform segment according to the modulation wave frequency to determine the zero-phase reference in the first waveform data queue includes: Obtain the starting point of the truncation and initialize the starting point of the truncation as the starting point of the first waveform data queue; According to the described starting point, a waveform segment of a first length is extracted from the first waveform data queue as the starting phase analysis waveform segment; Phase analysis is performed on the initial phase analysis waveform segment according to the first formula and the modulation wave frequency to obtain the phase angle, wherein the first formula is:

[0032] In the formula, The phase angle, It is the arctangent function in the fourth quadrant. The amplitude of the fundamental sine wave. The amplitude of the fundamental cosine wave. Pi For the modulation wave frequency, The sampling rate of the first waveform data queue. The first phase analysis waveform segment One data point, This represents the total number of data points in the initial phase analysis waveform segment. Add the phase angle to the phase angle queue; If the number of slips does not reach the slip count threshold, the starting point of the cutoff is offset, and the process jumps to the step of extracting a waveform segment of a first length from the first waveform data queue based on the starting point of the cutoff as the starting phase analysis waveform segment. Otherwise, the phase angle with the smallest absolute value in the phase angle queue is taken as the target phase angle, the starting point of the interception corresponding to the target phase angle is taken as the zero phase basis, and the first phase angle in the phase angle queue is taken as the starting phase.

[0033] In some embodiments, the step of extracting the frequency domain amplitude of the plurality of first waveform segments using the modulation fundamental frequency and each harmonic coefficient includes: Using the second formula, the fundamental modulation frequency, and each harmonic coefficient, the frequency domain amplitude is extracted from each of the plurality of first waveform segments, wherein the second formula is:

[0034] In the formula, According to Frequency multiplication carrier frequency for the first The frequency domain amplitude extracted from the first waveform segment This represents the total number of data points in the first waveform segment. It is a natural constant. Pi The imaginary unit, For the harmonic coefficient, For the modulation wave frequency, The sampling rate is the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue.

[0035] For example, as mentioned earlier, current technology involves sending laser pulses and then using various methods (such as wavelet transform, variational mode decomposition, etc.) to identify the backscattered Rayleigh light of the laser pulses. Based on the identification results, the return time difference of the laser pulses is determined, ultimately completing the localization of the vibration source. It can be seen that the identification of the backscattered Rayleigh light of the laser pulses is the key process for localization. Current technology is limited by the accuracy of the identification, resulting in low accuracy in vibration source localization.

[0036] The present invention aims to provide a method for transmitting modulated laser signals that carry time information. After receiving the laser signal, the modulated laser signal is analyzed to obtain the transmission time of the laser signal itself, thereby determining a more accurate return time difference and thus achieving more accurate positioning.

[0037] In this process, the modulated laser signal is generated by decomposing the time data into multiple sub-data, which are then modulated onto multiple subcarriers. These subcarriers are then combined into a composite light wave, which is the modulated laser signal that needs to be transmitted.

[0038] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the principle of modulated laser signal formation. sinx (the first subcarrier, also the modulation fundamental wave), sin2x, sin4x, and sin6x correspond to the four subcarriers. When the amplitude is 2 (e.g., 2sinx), the subcarrier represents the digit 0; when the amplitude is 4 (e.g., 4sinx), the subcarrier represents the digit 1. In the diagram, the four subcarriers carry the digits 0, 1, 1, and 0, respectively. The composite waveform of these subcarriers is shown as curve 201 in the figure.

[0039] As can be seen, by analyzing the modulated laser signal, the transmission time of the modulated laser signal can be obtained. Combined with the reception time, the return time difference and the location of the vibration source can be determined.

[0040] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for locating optical fiber vibration sources by analyzing modulated wave data.

[0041] Specifically, backscattered Rayleigh light is the naturally scattered light generated when an optical signal propagates in a transmission medium (such as optical fiber). It carries characteristic information such as phase and amplitude during the transmission of the optical signal. The backscattered Rayleigh light signal is captured and converted by a dedicated optical detection device. After preprocessing such as photoelectric conversion and analog-to-digital conversion, a continuous first waveform is extracted. The first waveform is then arranged according to the sampling time sequence to form an ordered first waveform data queue. Each data point in the queue corresponds to the amplitude information of the first waveform at a specific sampling time, providing basic data support for subsequent frequency domain analysis and processing.

[0042] The core purpose of segmentation here is to break down the continuous and large-volume first waveform data queue into multiple waveform segments of uniform length and independent characteristics, with each segment carrying one data bit. Frequency domain amplitude extraction is achieved by using frequency domain analysis algorithms to separate the amplitude information corresponding to each subcarrier frequency. Each subcarrier frequency corresponds to an independent frequency domain analysis dimension. By sequentially integrating the frequency domain amplitudes of all waveform segments under each subcarrier frequency, a frequency domain amplitude vector corresponding to that subcarrier can be formed. This vector can intuitively reflect the amplitude variation pattern of the subcarrier frequency in different time periods, providing core feature parameters for subsequent signal feature identification, anomaly detection, etc.

[0043] The first waveform data queue is segmented, and the frequency domain amplitude vector is extracted. The specific steps include the following detailed steps: The first step is to obtain the modulation fundamental frequency. The first waveform is obtained by synthesizing multiple subcarriers generated from multiple harmonics of the modulation fundamental frequency. The modulation fundamental frequency is the basic frequency signal for synthesizing the first waveform. Its frequency parameters are preset by the modulator at the signal transmitter, and it has stable frequency and amplitude characteristics. By multiplying the modulation fundamental frequency by different positive integer harmonics, multiple non-overlapping subcarriers with matching amplitudes can be generated. These subcarriers carry different signal information. By superimposing all the subcarriers according to preset synthesis rules, the first waveform for subsequent detection can be generated. Therefore, the accuracy of the modulation fundamental frequency directly determines the calculation accuracy of the subcarrier frequencies, thus affecting the reliability of frequency domain amplitude extraction. The modulation fundamental frequency needs to be acquired in real-time by a frequency detection module to ensure consistency with the modulation fundamental frequency at the signal transmitter.

[0044] The second step involves sliding a waveform segment of a first length from the beginning of the first waveform data queue as the starting phase analysis waveform segment. Phase analysis is then performed on this starting phase analysis waveform segment based on the modulation wave frequency to determine the zero-phase reference in the first waveform data queue. Since the first waveform data queue is obtained based on the synthesis of multiple subcarriers, its initial sampling phase may be zero-phase. Direct segmentation would lead to inconsistent phase references, introducing frequency domain analysis errors. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the zero-phase reference first.

[0045] In practice, sliding truncation refers to starting from the beginning of the first waveform data queue, truncating a waveform segment of length one at a time, then moving the starting point backward by a preset offset (such as one sampling point), and truncating another waveform segment of the same length. This process is repeated until the preset number of slides is completed. The setting of the first length needs to be determined in conjunction with the modulation fundamental frequency and the sampling rate, and is usually an integer multiple of the modulation fundamental period to ensure that the truncated initial phase analysis waveform segment can fully reflect the phase characteristics of the modulation fundamental. By performing phase calculations on each initial phase analysis waveform segment obtained from sliding truncation in conjunction with the modulation wave frequency, the initial phase of each waveform segment can be analyzed, and finally the zero phase reference (i.e., the sampling start position corresponding to a phase of 0) of the entire first waveform data queue can be determined.

[0046] The third step involves segmenting the first waveform data queue based on the zero-phase reference and the second length, resulting in multiple first waveform segments. Once the zero-phase reference is determined, it serves as a unified starting point for segmentation, ensuring that the phase reference of all first waveform segments is consistent and avoiding analysis errors caused by phase deviation. The second length is the carrier length of one data bit. For example, if four modulation fundamental cycles carry one data bit, then the second length is four times the modulation fundamental cycle. Its setting must balance analysis accuracy and computational efficiency, typically matching the first length and being an integer multiple of the modulation fundamental cycle. This ensures that each first waveform segment can completely contain at least one modulation fundamental cycle, thus accurately reflecting the frequency domain characteristics of the first waveform within that time period. Segmentation begins from the zero-phase reference, sequentially extracting waveform segments of the second length until the end of the first waveform data queue. If the remaining length of the queue is less than the second length, it can be processed according to preset rules (such as padding with zeros or discarding), ultimately resulting in multiple first waveform segments of uniform length and consistent phase reference.

[0047] The fourth step involves extracting the frequency domain amplitude of each of the multiple first waveform segments using the fundamental modulation frequency and each harmonic factor. The extracted frequency domain amplitudes are then used to construct a frequency domain amplitude vector, where each harmonic factor corresponds to a subcarrier. Since the frequency of each subcarrier is the product of the fundamental modulation frequency and the corresponding harmonic factor, the frequency position of each subcarrier can be accurately located using the fundamental modulation frequency and the harmonic factor. For each first waveform segment, a frequency domain analysis algorithm (such as Fourier transform) is used, combined with the fundamental modulation frequency and the current harmonic factor, to extract the frequency domain amplitude of that waveform segment at the corresponding subcarrier frequency. For each subcarrier (i.e., each harmonic factor), the frequency domain amplitudes of all first waveform segments at that subcarrier frequency are arranged sequentially according to the time order of the waveform segments to construct the frequency domain amplitude vector corresponding to that subcarrier. Each element in this vector corresponds to the frequency domain amplitude of a first waveform segment, comprehensively reflecting the amplitude change trend of that subcarrier throughout the entire data acquisition period.

[0048] In some implementations, determining the zero-phase reference in the first waveform data queue specifically includes the following detailed steps: The first step is to obtain the truncation start point and initialize it as the start point of the first waveform data queue. The truncation start point is used to determine the starting position of the waveform segment for each sliding truncation. Initializing it as the start point of the first waveform data queue (i.e., the position corresponding to the first sampling point) ensures that phase analysis starts from the very beginning of the waveform data, avoiding the omission of phase characteristics in the initial stage and providing a basis for the accurate determination of the subsequent zero-phase reference.

[0049] The second step involves extracting a waveform segment of a first length from the first waveform data queue based on the stated starting point of the extraction, serving as the initial phase analysis waveform segment. During the extraction process, waveform data corresponding to a first length of sampling points is continuously extracted according to the position of the starting point of the extraction to form the initial phase analysis waveform segment. The preset length of this waveform segment must satisfy the following requirements: it must be able to completely cover at least one modulation fundamental frequency period to ensure that subsequent phase analysis can accurately capture the phase characteristics of the modulation fundamental frequency, while avoiding increased computational load and reduced analysis efficiency due to excessive length.

[0050] The third step involves performing phase analysis on the initial phase analysis waveform segment based on the first formula and the modulation wave frequency to obtain the phase angle, wherein the first formula is:

[0051] In the formula, The phase angle, It is the arctangent function in the fourth quadrant. The amplitude of the fundamental sine wave. The amplitude of the fundamental cosine wave. Pi For the modulation wave frequency, The sampling rate of the first waveform data queue. The first phase analysis waveform segment One data point, This represents the total number of data points in the initial phase analysis waveform segment.

[0052] The specific meanings of each parameter in the formula are as follows: This is the phase angle of the current initial phase analysis waveform segment, used to characterize the initial phase state of this waveform segment; It is a four-quadrant arctangent function. Compared with the ordinary arctangent function, it can accurately distinguish the quadrant in which the phase angle is located, avoid phase ambiguity problems, and ensure the accuracy of phase angle calculation. The amplitude of the fundamental sinusoid reflects the degree of correlation between the initial phase analysis waveform segment and the modulated fundamental sinusoidal component. The amplitude of the fundamental cosine reflects the degree of correlation between the initial phase analysis waveform segment and the modulated fundamental cosine component. Pi (approximately 3.14159). The modulation wave frequency (i.e., the modulation fundamental frequency obtained in the steps); The sampling rate of the first waveform data queue is the number of sampling points per unit time, which is used to convert the sampling index into the corresponding time coordinate. The first phase analysis waveform segment The data point, i.e., the first data point in the waveform segment. The amplitude corresponding to each sampling point; The total number of data points in the initial phase analysis waveform segment is equal to the first length, i.e., the number of sampling points in that waveform segment.

[0053] The core logic of phase analysis is as follows: by multiplying the data from each sampling point of the initial phase analysis waveform segment with the sine and cosine functions corresponding to the modulation fundamental frequency, and then summing all the product results, the final phase analysis is obtained. and Finally, the phase angle of the waveform segment is calculated using the four-quadrant arctangent function. This enables precise quantization of the initial phase.

[0054] The fourth step is to add the phase angles to the phase angle queue. The phase angle queue is an ordered set used to store the phase angles corresponding to all the initial phase analysis waveform segments obtained from the sliding truncation. After each initial phase analysis waveform segment's phase calculation is completed and the phase angle is obtained, the phase angle is added to the phase angle queue in the order of sliding truncation, ensuring that the order of the phase angles in the queue is consistent with the truncation order of the corresponding initial phase analysis waveform segments, thus providing ordered data support for the subsequent selection of target phase angles.

[0055] The fifth step is to determine whether the number of slides has reached the preset slide number threshold. If the number of slides has not reached the threshold, the starting end of the truncation is offset (the offset is a preset fixed value, usually one sampling point, but can be adjusted according to the actual analysis accuracy requirements), and the process jumps to the second step. That is, based on the offset starting end, a waveform segment of the first length is extracted from the first waveform data queue as a new starting phase analysis waveform segment, and the subsequent phase analysis and phase angle storage steps are repeated. If the number of slides has reached the slide number threshold, the slide truncation and phase analysis are stopped, and the process proceeds to the next step. The setting of the slide number threshold needs to be determined in combination with the length of the first waveform data queue, the first length, and the offset. Its core purpose is to ensure that the slide truncation can cover the beginning part of the first waveform data queue, so that the phase angle queue contains enough phase angle data, thereby accurately selecting the target phase angle closest to zero phase and avoiding zero phase reference deviation due to insufficient phase angle data.

[0056] The sixth step involves selecting the phase angle with the smallest absolute value in the phase angle queue as the target phase angle, using the starting point of the truncation corresponding to the target phase angle as the zero-phase reference, and using the first phase angle in the phase angle queue as the starting phase. Since the zero-phase reference is the unified phase reference for subsequent segmented processing, its phase should be as close to 0 as possible. Therefore, the phase angle with the smallest absolute value in the phase angle queue is selected as the target phase angle. The starting phase of the waveform segment corresponding to this phase angle is closest to the zero phase, and its corresponding starting point is the zero-phase reference for the entire first waveform data queue. Using the first phase angle in the phase angle queue as the starting phase is to record the phase state of the very beginning of the first waveform data queue for subsequent phase correction and error analysis, ensuring phase consistency throughout the entire waveform data processing process.

[0057] In some implementations, the frequency domain amplitude of multiple first waveform segments is extracted using a second formula, which is:

[0058] In the formula, According to Frequency multiplication carrier frequency for the first The frequency domain amplitude extracted from the first waveform segment This represents the total number of data points in the first waveform segment. It is a natural constant. Pi The imaginary unit, For the harmonic coefficient, For the modulation wave frequency, The sampling rate is the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue.

[0059] The specific meanings of each parameter in the formula are as follows: According to Frequency multiplication carrier frequency for the first The frequency domain amplitude extracted from the first waveform segment, i.e. the first... The first waveform segment in Quantized values ​​of amplitude characteristics at frequency doubling subcarrier frequencies; The total number of data in the first waveform segment is equal to the second length, which is the number of sampling points in each first waveform segment. It is a natural constant (with a value of approximately 2.71828); The imaginary unit ( ); These are frequency multiplication factors, with each multiplication factor corresponding to one subcarrier. The value of k is a positive integer (such as 1, 2, 3...), and different k values ​​correspond to different subcarrier frequencies; The frequency of the modulated wave; This is the data index in the first waveform segment, with values ​​ranging from 0 to... , corresponding to each sampling point in the first waveform segment; for The period of the frequency-doubled subcarrier is equal to the sampling rate. and Frequency doubling subcarrier frequency The ratio is used to adjust the sampling index. Convert to the corresponding time coordinates; For the first The first waveform segment The data point, i.e., the first data point in the waveform segment. The amplitude corresponding to each sampling point.

[0060] The core logic of frequency domain amplitude extraction is: based on the frequency domain analysis principle of Fourier transform, through the complex exponential function ( The frequency domain conversion factor is constructed using the negative exponential form of the time domain sampled data of each first waveform segment. Convert to frequency domain data; for each harmonic coefficient (i.e., each subcarrier), multiply the data of each sampling point of the first waveform segment by the corresponding frequency domain conversion factor, and then sum all the product results to obtain the first waveform segment in the frequency domain conversion factor. Frequency domain amplitude at frequency doubling subcarrier frequency Repeat this process to extract the frequency domain amplitude for each of the first waveform segments, and finally extract the amplitude of each waveform segment. All frequency domain amplitudes corresponding to the frequency multiplication factor (subcarrier) ( (The index of the first waveform segment) can be arranged in the time sequence of the waveform segments to construct the frequency domain amplitude vector corresponding to the subcarrier, thus realizing the complete capture of the frequency domain amplitude characteristics of each subcarrier.

[0061] In step 103, the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors are binarized and spliced ​​to obtain the waveform time.

[0062] In some implementations, the binarization and concatenation of the plurality of frequency domain amplitude vectors to obtain the waveform time includes: Binarize each frequency domain amplitude vector to obtain the first binary vector; Based on the data interval marker, multiple first binary vectors are compared to determine the start and end points of the data in the first binary vector; Extract the data segment located between the data start bit and the data end bit from each first binary vector, and use it as the valid data segment; The length of the data preceding the effective data segment in the first binarized vector is taken as the truncation length. Multiple valid data segments are spliced ​​together in a predetermined order to obtain the waveform time.

[0063] For example, as described in the preceding technical process, step 102 has obtained the corresponding frequency domain amplitude vector for each subcarrier frequency. These vectors reflect the frequency domain amplitude changes of different subcarriers in different time periods. However, each vector is still independent and contains redundant information and noise interference, making it unsuitable for direct use in subsequent waveform timing analysis. Therefore, the core purpose of step 103 is to integrate the data information of all subcarriers through binarization and splicing operations, ultimately generating a waveform time that fully reflects the time dimension characteristics of the first waveform. Here, waveform time refers to the time when the first waveform was transmitted (the time when the modulated laser signal was transmitted).

[0064] In some implementations, multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors are binarized and concatenated to obtain the waveform time, specifically including the following detailed steps: The first step is to binarize each frequency domain amplitude vector to obtain the first binarized vector. Binarization is a crucial step in converting continuously changing frequency domain amplitude data into discrete binary data (usually 0 and 1). In practice, a binarization threshold must first be preset. This threshold should be determined by considering the overall distribution characteristics of the frequency domain amplitude vector, the noise level of the actual detection scenario, and the amplitude range of the effective signal. Statistical methods (such as the mean method or threshold segmentation method) are typically used to calculate the optimal threshold to avoid losing effective signals due to an excessively high threshold or introducing excessive noise interference due to an excessively low threshold. Subsequently, each frequency domain amplitude element in each frequency domain amplitude vector is compared with the preset binarization threshold: if a frequency domain amplitude element is greater than the threshold, it is considered a valid signal and assigned a value of 1; if a frequency domain amplitude element is less than or equal to the threshold, it is considered an invalid signal (or noise signal) and assigned a value of 0 (the binarization assignment rule can be adjusted according to actual needs, such as assigning 0 to valid signals and 1 to invalid signals). Through the above processing, each frequency domain amplitude vector is converted into a discrete vector of the same length containing only 0 and 1, namely the first binarized vector. Each first binarized vector still corresponds to a subcarrier frequency, and the temporal order of its elements is consistent with the original frequency domain amplitude vector.

[0065] The second step involves comparing multiple first binary vectors based on the data interval marker to determine the start and end positions of the data in each first binary vector. Since the start and end positions of the effective signal in the first binary vectors corresponding to different subcarrier frequencies may differ (the first bit of the first binary vector might be the end of the previous byte; for example, if a subcarrier carries 8 bits of effective data, or one byte, the resulting first binary vector is 15 bits, where the first two bits are the end and end markers of the previous byte, followed by the start, effective, and end positions of the current byte), direct concatenation would lead to timing discrepancies. Therefore, it is necessary to synchronously compare all first binary vectors using the data interval marker to determine a unified start and end position, ensuring the timing consistency of the subsequently extracted effective data segments. The data interval marker is a pre-defined feature marker used to identify the boundaries of effective data. It is pre-set based on the modulation fundamental frequency, subcarrier frequency multiplication coefficients, and sampling rate, accurately reflecting the time interval pattern of the effective signal and can be understood as a "timing reference marker" for the effective data. During the specific comparison process, all first binary vectors are synchronously compared with preset data interval markers one by one. The starting position of all first binary vectors that commonly contains a valid signal is selected as the unified data start position (for example, if the interval marker is 0, then only when a certain bit of all first binary vectors is 0 is it designated as the start position; for example, if the third bit of all first binary vectors is 0, then the third bit can be used as the interval position). At the same time, the ending position of all first binary vectors that commonly contains a valid signal is selected as the unified data stop position. The determination of the data start position and the data stop position can effectively eliminate invalid data at the beginning and end of each first binary vector (such as phase transition data at the beginning and noise data at the end), providing a unified boundary reference for the subsequent extraction of valid data segments.

[0066] The third step is to extract the data segment located between the data start bit and the data stop bit from each first binary vector, as the valid data segment. The valid data segment is the core part of the first binary vector that can truly reflect the timing characteristics of the corresponding subcarrier's effective signal. The extraction process must strictly follow the determined data start bit and data stop bit to ensure that the boundaries of each valid data segment are uniform and the timing is synchronized. In specific operation, for each first binary vector, starting from the element corresponding to the data start bit and ending at the element corresponding to the data stop bit, all binary data within this interval are continuously extracted to form the valid data segment corresponding to the first binary vector. It should be noted that the length of the valid data segments extracted from all first binary vectors must be consistent (because the data start bit and data stop bit are uniformly set), which is a prerequisite for the subsequent splicing operation to proceed smoothly.

[0067] The fourth step is to use the length of the data preceding the valid data segment in the first binary vector as the truncation length. The truncation length is a parameter used to quantify the length of invalid data (the portion preceding the valid data segment) in each first binary vector; its value is equal to the number of elements between the beginning of the first binary vector and the start of the data segment. For example, if the length of a first binary vector is N and the index corresponding to the start of the data segment is m (counting from 0), then the truncation length of this vector is m. Recording the truncation length is important: firstly, it can be used for subsequent data correction; if a timing deviation is subsequently found in the valid data segment, it can be compensated for by adjusting the truncation length.

[0068] The fifth step involves concatenating multiple valid data segments in a predetermined order to obtain the waveform time. The core of this concatenation operation is integrating all valid data segments corresponding to all subcarriers into a complete time-series data sequence, i.e., the waveform time. The key is ensuring the rationality of the concatenation order and the consistency of the timing. Specifically, the predetermined order must generally be consistent with the subcarrier order corresponding to the frequency multiplication coefficients in step 102 (i.e., in ascending or descending order of the frequency multiplication coefficients, corresponding to the generation order of the frequency domain amplitude vector), to avoid the waveform time failing to reflect the true timing characteristics of the first waveform due to a disordered concatenation order.

[0069] In step 104, the transmission time of the first waveform's starting end is determined based on the starting phase, truncation length, and waveform time. The position of the vibration source is determined based on the reception time and transmission time of the first waveform's starting end. The truncation length is the length truncated at the front end when splicing the frequency domain amplitude vector.

[0070] In some implementations, determining the transmission time of the first waveform's start end based on the first waveform's start phase, truncation length, and waveform time includes: Obtain the second length, wherein the second length is the length of the segmentation of the first waveform data queue; The truncation duration is determined based on the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length. The phase duration is determined based on the initial phase of the first waveform and the modulation fundamental frequency. The difference between the waveform time, the truncated duration, and the phase duration is taken as the transmission time of the first waveform start end.

[0071] In some implementations, determining the truncation duration based on the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length includes: The truncation duration is determined based on the third formula, the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length, wherein the third formula is:

[0072] In the formula, For the duration of the cut-off, For the second length, This is the truncated length. The sampling rate of the first waveform data queue; Determining the phase duration based on the initial phase of the first waveform and the modulation fundamental frequency includes: The phase duration is determined based on the fourth formula, the initial phase of the first waveform, and the modulation fundamental frequency, wherein the fourth formula is:

[0073] In the formula, For phase duration, Pi This represents the initial phase of the first waveform. The frequency of the modulation wave.

[0074] For example, as can be seen from the preceding text, steps 101-103 have completed the acquisition, frequency domain processing, binarization, and splicing of the first waveform data, obtaining the waveform time, starting phase, and truncation length. The core purpose of step 104 is to deduce the transmission time of the first waveform starting end (i.e., the time when the vibration source emits the first waveform) based on these acquired feature parameters. Then, by using the difference between the transmission time and the reception time, combined with the propagation characteristics of the optical signal in the transmission medium, the specific location of the vibration source is finally determined. This is also one of the core application goals of the entire waveform data processing flow (such as fiber optic fault vibration source location).

[0075] It needs to be clarified that the reception time is the time when the optical detection device actually captures the signal at the beginning of the first waveform. It is recorded and stored by the detection device in real time and can be directly called up. The truncation length is essentially the length of the invalid data truncated at the front end before splicing the frequency domain amplitude vector. Its core function is to eliminate the interference of invalid data on the calculation of the transmission time and ensure the accuracy of the calculation.

[0076] Determining the transmission time of the first waveform's start point involves the following detailed steps: The first step is to obtain the second length. As discussed in step 8, the second length is the length used in step 102 when segmenting the first waveform data queue starting from the zero-phase reference. It is an integer multiple of the modulation fundamental period, ensuring that each first waveform segment completely contains at least one modulation fundamental period. The core reason for obtaining the second length here is that the truncation length represents the number of invalid data segments truncated at the front end, and the length of each data segment is the second length (number of sampling points). Therefore, the truncation length (number of data segments) needs to be converted into the corresponding number of sampling points using the second length, and then combined with the sampling rate to convert it into the duration in the time domain, providing the basic parameters for the subsequent calculation of the truncation duration. When obtaining the second length, the preset and stored second length parameters in step 102 can be directly called to ensure complete consistency with the length used during segmentation, avoiding subsequent calculation errors due to parameter deviations.

[0077] The second step involves determining the truncation duration based on the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length. The truncation duration is the time-domain time corresponding to the truncation length, i.e., the time occupied by invalid data before the valid data segment in the first waveform data queue. Its core function is to deduct the interference of this invalid time when calculating the transmission time, ensuring that the transmission time accurately corresponds to the actual transmission time of the valid start of the first waveform. Since the truncation length is the number of invalid data segments, and the number of sampling points for each invalid data segment is the second length, the total number of sampling points corresponding to the truncation must first be calculated. Then, combined with the sampling rate (the number of sampling points per unit time), the total number of sampling points is converted into the truncation duration in the time domain. The calculation logic must strictly follow the preset quantization rules to ensure accurate correspondence between the time-domain and frequency-domain data.

[0078] The third step is to determine the phase duration based on the initial phase of the first waveform and the fundamental modulation frequency. The initial phase of the first waveform (the first phase angle of the previously determined phase angle queue) is... The phase offset () is the phase deviation of the first waveform's starting point relative to the zero-phase reference. This phase offset causes a time deviation in the time domain, which, if not compensated for, directly affects the accuracy of the transmission time calculation. Therefore, the phase offset needs to be converted into the phase duration in the time domain, i.e., the time deviation corresponding to the phase offset, for subsequent transmission time correction. The modulation fundamental frequency is the basic frequency for synthesizing the first waveform, and its period and phase have a fixed quantization relationship (one complete modulation fundamental period corresponds to...). (The phase change), therefore, by using the initial phase and the modulation fundamental frequency, the phase duration corresponding to the phase shift can be accurately calculated, thus achieving time-domain compensation for the phase deviation.

[0079] The fourth step involves using the difference between the waveform time, the truncation duration, and the phase duration as the transmission time of the first waveform's starting point. The waveform time, obtained in step 103, reflects the timing of the effective portion of the first waveform and corresponds to the relative timing of the effective starting point of the first waveform. The truncation duration corresponds to the time of invalid data, and the phase duration is the time deviation corresponding to the phase shift; both are interference factors affecting the accuracy of the transmission time. Therefore, the truncation duration (to eliminate invalid time interference) and the phase duration (to compensate for the time deviation caused by the phase shift) need to be subtracted from the waveform time. The resulting difference is the actual transmission time of the first waveform's starting point. This transmission time accurately corresponds to the moment when the vibration source emits the effective starting point of the first waveform, providing core time parameter support for subsequent vibration source position calculations.

[0080] The truncation duration is determined based on the third formula, the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length. The third formula is as follows:

[0081] The specific meanings of each parameter in the formula are as follows: The truncation duration is the time domain time corresponding to invalid data in the first waveform data queue. The larger the value, the longer the invalid data in the front end occupies, and the greater the interference with the calculation of the transmission time. The second length is the length used when segmenting the first waveform data queue in step 102, which is the number of sampling points for each first waveform segment. It has been clearly stated earlier that it is an integer multiple of the modulation fundamental frequency period. The truncation length, which is the data length of the first binary vector before the valid data segment as determined in step 103, is essentially the number of invalid data segments at the front end; The sampling rate of the first waveform data queue is the number of waveform data sampling points collected per unit time, which is clearly defined.

[0082] The core logic of this formula is: Firstly, through and The product of these factors is used to calculate the total number of sampling points corresponding to the truncation (each invalid data segment). There are 10 sampling points, totaling 100 sampling points. (1 invalid data segment), then divide the total number of sampling points by the sampling rate. This allows the number of sampling points to be converted into the truncation duration in the time domain. This enables precise conversion of the truncation length from "number of data segments" to "time domain time," providing accurate invalid time parameters for subsequent transmission time calculations.

[0083] The phase duration is determined based on the fourth formula, the initial phase of the first waveform, and the fundamental modulation frequency. The fourth formula is:

[0084] The specific meanings of each parameter in the formula are as follows: The phase duration is the time-domain time deviation corresponding to the initial phase offset of the first waveform, which is used to compensate for the impact of the phase offset on the transmission time calculation. The starting phase of the first waveform is the first phase angle in the phase angle queue, which reflects the phase offset of the starting end of the first waveform relative to the zero phase reference. The modulation frequency, also known as the fundamental modulation frequency, is the basic frequency for synthesizing the first waveform, and it is related to the fundamental modulation frequency period. The relationship is .

[0085] The core logic of this formula is: one complete cycle of the modulated fundamental wave ( )correspond The phase change, therefore the phase offset ( The corresponding time in the time domain is the time corresponding to the phase offset and "the time corresponding to a unit phase" ( The ratio of ) to, then divided by After normalization, the phase duration is finally obtained. .

[0086] This formula can accurately convert the phase domain offset into the time domain deviation. By subtracting this phase duration when calculating the transmission time, the error caused by the initial phase offset can be compensated, thus ensuring the accuracy of the transmission time calculation at the beginning of the first waveform.

[0087] It should be noted that the formula uses... As a phase offset, it is because when When it is not zero, the actual effective phase at the beginning of the first waveform needs to start from... Compensation to (That is, the phase corresponding to the zero-phase reference), and the corresponding time deviation is the phase duration. This compensation method can eliminate the interference of phase offset on transmission time to the greatest extent and ensure the accuracy of subsequent source position calculation.

[0088] Additional explanation: The reception time at the beginning of the first waveform is acquired and stored in real time by the optical detection device. It is the actual moment when the detection device captures the signal at the beginning of the first waveform and can be directly retrieved. The determination of the vibration source position is based on the difference between the transmission time and the reception time at the beginning of the first waveform (i.e., the time it takes for the optical signal to propagate from the vibration source to the detection device), combined with the propagation speed of the optical signal in the transmission medium (such as optical fiber), and is calculated through the quantitative relationship of "distance = propagation speed × time difference". This calculation process must ensure the accuracy of the transmission time and reception time, as well as the matching of the propagation speed and the transmission medium, so as to achieve accurate positioning of the vibration source and complete the core application goal of the entire waveform data processing.

[0089] The fiber optic vibration source localization method of the present invention first acquires a first waveform data queue, wherein the first waveform data queue is obtained based on a first waveform extracted from backscattered Rayleigh light; then, the first waveform data queue is segmented, and frequency domain amplitude is extracted from the multiple waveform segments obtained according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector, wherein each frequency domain amplitude vector corresponds to a subcarrier frequency, and the frequency domain amplitude vector is constructed based on multiple frequency domain amplitudes; next, the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors are binarized and spliced ​​to obtain the waveform time; finally, the transmission time of the first waveform's starting end is determined according to the starting phase, truncation length, and waveform time of the first waveform, and the vibration source location is determined according to the reception time and transmission time of the first waveform's starting end, wherein the truncation length is the length truncated at the front end when splicing the frequency domain amplitude vectors. This invention generates a modulated laser signal carrying the laser transmission time, and then uses demodulation and demodulated duration compensation to accurately locate the transmission time of the modulated laser signal. Compared with the current method of transmitting laser pulses and analyzing and comparing the characteristics of backscattered Rayleigh laser pulses, this method has higher accuracy and better vibration source localization effect.

[0090] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0091] The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention. For details not described in detail, please refer to the corresponding method embodiments described above.

[0092] Figure 3 This is a functional block diagram of the fiber optic vibration source positioning device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 3 The fiber optic vibration source positioning device includes: a scattered light waveform acquisition module 301, a waveform decomposition module 302, a carrier time extraction module 303, and a vibration source location determination module 304, wherein: The scattered light waveform acquisition module 301 is used to acquire a first waveform data queue, wherein the first waveform data queue is obtained based on the first waveform extracted from the backscattered Rayleigh light; The waveform decomposition module 302 is used to segment the first waveform data queue and extract the frequency domain amplitude of the multiple waveform segments obtained according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector, wherein each frequency domain amplitude vector corresponds to a subcarrier frequency, and the frequency domain amplitude vector is constructed based on multiple frequency domain amplitudes; The carrier time extraction module 303 is used to perform binarization processing and splicing on the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors to obtain the waveform time; as well as, The vibration source location determination module 304 is used to determine the transmission time of the first waveform starting end based on the starting phase, truncation length and waveform time of the first waveform, and to determine the vibration source location based on the reception time and transmission time of the first waveform starting end, wherein the truncation length is the length truncated at the front end when splicing the frequency domain amplitude vector.

[0093] Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 4 of this embodiment includes a processor 400 and a memory 401, wherein the memory 401 stores a computer program 402 that can run on the processor 400. When the processor 400 executes the computer program 402, it implements the steps of the various fiber optic vibration source positioning methods and embodiments described above, for example... Figure 1 Steps 101 to 104 are shown.

[0094] For example, the computer program 402 may be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 401 and executed by the processor 400 to complete the present invention.

[0095] The electronic device 4 can be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, cloud server, or other computing device. The electronic device 4 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 400 and a memory 401. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 4 This is merely an example of electronic device 4 and does not constitute a limitation on electronic device 4. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, electronic device 4 may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0096] The processor 400 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0097] The memory 401 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 4, such as a hard disk or memory. The memory 401 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 4, such as a plug-in hard disk, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or Flash Card. Furthermore, the memory 401 can include both internal and external storage units of the electronic device 4. The memory 401 is used to store the computer program 402 and other programs and data required by the electronic device 4. The memory 401 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0098] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0100] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0101] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / electronic devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0102] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0103] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0104] If the integrated module / unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the above-described embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various methods and apparatus embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc.

[0105] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for locating an optical fiber vibration source, characterized in that, include: Acquire a first waveform data queue, wherein the first waveform data queue is obtained based on a first waveform extracted from backscattered Rayleigh light; The first waveform data queue is segmented, and the frequency domain amplitude is extracted from the multiple waveform segments obtained according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector. Each frequency domain amplitude vector corresponds to a subcarrier frequency, and the frequency domain amplitude vector is constructed based on multiple frequency domain amplitudes. The waveform time is obtained by binarizing and concatenating the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors; Based on the starting phase, truncation length, and waveform time of the first waveform, the transmission time of the first waveform's starting end is determined, and based on the reception time and transmission time of the first waveform's starting end, the position of the vibration source is determined, wherein the truncation length is the length truncated at the front end when splicing the frequency domain amplitude vector.

2. The fiber optic vibration source localization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of segmenting the first waveform data queue and extracting the frequency domain amplitude of the obtained multiple waveform segments according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector includes: Obtain the modulation fundamental frequency, wherein the first waveform is obtained based on the synthesis of multiple subcarriers generated according to multiple harmonics of the modulation fundamental frequency; Starting from the beginning of the first waveform data queue, a waveform segment of a first length is slidably intercepted as the initial phase analysis waveform segment, and phase analysis is performed on the initial phase analysis waveform segment according to the modulation wave frequency, thereby determining the zero phase reference in the first waveform data queue; Starting from the zero-phase reference, the first waveform data queue is segmented according to the second length to obtain multiple first waveform segments; Using the modulation fundamental frequency and each harmonic coefficient, frequency domain amplitude is extracted from the plurality of first waveform segments respectively, and the extracted frequency domain amplitudes are constructed into a frequency domain amplitude vector, wherein each harmonic coefficient corresponds to a subcarrier.

3. The fiber optic vibration source localization method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of slidingly selecting a waveform segment of a first length as the starting phase analysis waveform segment from the beginning of the first waveform data queue, and performing phase analysis on the starting phase analysis waveform segment according to the modulation wave frequency to determine the zero-phase reference in the first waveform data queue includes: Obtain the starting point of the truncation and initialize the starting point of the truncation as the starting point of the first waveform data queue; According to the described starting point, a waveform segment of a first length is extracted from the first waveform data queue as the starting phase analysis waveform segment; Phase analysis is performed on the initial phase analysis waveform segment according to the first formula and the modulation wave frequency to obtain the phase angle, wherein the first formula is: In the formula, The phase angle, It is the arctangent function in the fourth quadrant. The amplitude of the fundamental sine wave. The amplitude of the fundamental cosine wave. Pi For the modulation wave frequency, The sampling rate of the first waveform data queue. The first phase analysis waveform segment One data point, This represents the total number of data points in the initial phase analysis waveform segment. Add the phase angle to the phase angle queue; If the number of slips does not reach the slip count threshold, the starting point of the cutoff is offset, and the process jumps to the step of extracting a waveform segment of a first length from the first waveform data queue based on the starting point of the cutoff as the starting phase analysis waveform segment. Otherwise, the phase angle with the smallest absolute value in the phase angle queue is taken as the target phase angle, the starting point of the interception corresponding to the target phase angle is taken as the zero phase basis, and the first phase angle in the phase angle queue is taken as the starting phase.

4. The fiber optic vibration source localization method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of extracting the frequency domain amplitude of the plurality of first waveform segments using the modulation fundamental frequency and each harmonic coefficient includes: Using the second formula, the fundamental modulation frequency, and each harmonic coefficient, the frequency domain amplitude is extracted from each of the plurality of first waveform segments, wherein the second formula is: In the formula, According to Frequency multiplication carrier frequency for the first The frequency domain amplitude extracted from the first waveform segment This represents the total number of data points in the first waveform segment. It is a natural constant. Pi The imaginary unit, For the harmonic coefficient, For the modulation wave frequency, The sampling rate is the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue.

5. The fiber optic vibration source localization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveform time obtained by binarizing and concatenating the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors includes: Binarize each frequency domain amplitude vector to obtain the first binary vector; Based on the data interval marker, multiple first binary vectors are compared to determine the start and end points of the data in the first binary vector; Extract the data segment located between the data start bit and the data end bit from each first binary vector, and use it as the valid data segment; The length of the data preceding the effective data segment in the first binarized vector is taken as the truncation length. Multiple valid data segments are spliced ​​together in a predetermined order to obtain the waveform time.

6. The fiber optic vibration source localization method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Determining the transmission time of the first waveform's starting end based on its initial phase, truncation length, and waveform time includes: Obtain the second length, wherein the second length is the length of the segmentation of the first waveform data queue; The truncation duration is determined based on the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length. The phase duration is determined based on the initial phase of the first waveform and the modulation fundamental frequency. The difference between the waveform time, the truncated duration, and the phase duration is taken as the transmission time of the first waveform start end.

7. The fiber optic vibration source localization method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining the truncation duration based on the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length includes: The truncation duration is determined based on the third formula, the sampling rate of the first waveform data queue, the second length, and the truncation length, wherein the third formula is: In the formula, For the duration of the cut-off, For the second length, This is the truncated length. The sampling rate of the first waveform data queue; Determining the phase duration based on the initial phase of the first waveform and the modulation fundamental frequency includes: The phase duration is determined based on the fourth formula, the initial phase of the first waveform, and the modulation fundamental frequency, wherein the fourth formula is: In the formula, For phase duration, Pi This represents the initial phase of the first waveform. The frequency of the modulation wave.

8. A fiber optic vibration source positioning device, characterized in that, For implementing the fiber optic vibration source positioning method as described in any one of claims 1-7, the fiber optic vibration source positioning device comprises: A scattered light waveform acquisition module is used to acquire a first waveform data queue, wherein the first waveform data queue is obtained based on a first waveform extracted from backscattered Rayleigh light; The waveform decomposition module is used to segment the first waveform data queue and extract the frequency domain amplitude of the obtained multiple waveform segments according to each subcarrier frequency to obtain a frequency domain amplitude vector, wherein each frequency domain amplitude vector corresponds to a subcarrier frequency, and the frequency domain amplitude vector is constructed based on multiple frequency domain amplitudes; The carrier time extraction module is used to perform binarization processing and splicing on the multiple frequency domain amplitude vectors to obtain the waveform time. as well as, The vibration source location determination module is used to determine the transmission time of the first waveform starting end based on the starting phase, truncation length and waveform time of the first waveform, and to determine the vibration source location based on the reception time and transmission time of the first waveform starting end, wherein the truncation length is the length truncated at the front end when splicing the frequency domain amplitude vector.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 above.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 above.

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