A multi-scene laser window transmission performance test system and test evaluation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-scenario laser window performance testing system and evaluation method. The system uses a main control module as its core, establishing wired or wireless communication connections with a scenario simulation module, a laser emission module, a signal acquisition module, and a data processing and evaluation module to achieve command issuance and data interaction. The scenario simulation module constructs multi-dimensional test scenarios; the laser emission module is used for the installation and fixation of the laser device under test and the calibration of emission parameters; the signal acquisition module includes two sub-units: an objective parameter acquisition unit and a subjective image acquisition unit, used for comprehensive acquisition of test data; the data processing and evaluation module includes two sub-units: a data processing unit and a performance evaluation unit, responsible for data processing and comprehensive performance evaluation. This system achieves fully automatic switching between different application distances and different window media scenarios, comprehensively testing the window performance of laser devices through a combination of subjective and objective quantitative methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser performance testing technology, specifically to a multi-scenario laser window performance testing and evaluation scheme. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of laser technology in various fields such as security monitoring, intelligent transportation, and industrial inspection, the window penetration performance of laser equipment has become a key indicator affecting its application effectiveness. The laser window penetration distance and effect directly determine the range of action and detection accuracy of laser equipment in actual scenarios, especially in applications involving different window penetration media such as vehicle windows and laminated glass, where the differences in window penetration performance are even more significant.

[0003] Currently, existing laser window performance testing methods have many shortcomings: Firstly, the testing scenarios are limited, mostly only able to test glass at fixed distances and of fixed types, and cannot simulate complex scenarios in real-world applications with different distances and different window media (such as ordinary car windows, tempered glass, and glass with different film materials). Secondly, the testing process has a low degree of automation, relying heavily on manual adjustment of the testing distance and replacement of the window medium. This not only results in low testing efficiency but also makes the accuracy of the test results susceptible to human error. Third, there is a lack of unified and comprehensive evaluation methods. Existing tests mostly focus on single objective indicators (such as laser power and spot size after passing through the window), ignoring the evaluation of subjective visual effects. This makes it difficult to fully reflect the actual window-passing performance of laser equipment, resulting in a lack of comparability of the performance of laser equipment from different manufacturers and causing inconvenience for users in selecting models.

[0004] Therefore, providing a laser window performance testing system that can achieve fully automated multi-scene switching and take into account both subjective and objective quantitative testing, and formulating a set of scientific and standardized guiding evaluation methods, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in the current laser technology field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a multi-scenario laser window performance testing system and evaluation method, enabling fully automatic switching between different application distances and different window media scenarios. It comprehensively tests the window performance of laser equipment through a combination of subjective and objective quantitative methods, and also invents a unified evaluation method to provide a scientific basis for the performance evaluation and selection of laser window equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, the multi-scene laser window performance testing system provided by the present invention mainly includes a scene simulation module, a laser emission module, a signal acquisition module, a main control module, and a data processing and evaluation module; The scene simulation module includes a scene configuration unit and a window medium switching unit. The scene configuration unit includes a movable laser emitting platform and a fixed window medium mounting frame. The window medium mounting frame carries the window medium for testing. The laser emitting platform carries the laser emitting module and can move horizontally relative to the window medium mounting frame to adjust the test distance within a preset range. The window medium switching unit works in conjunction with the window medium mounting frame. The window medium switching unit stores multiple types of window media and can switch each type of window medium to the window medium mounting frame and place it in the test optical path. The laser emitting module is mounted on the laser emitting platform and is used to install the laser device under test. It enables the laser beam generated by the laser device under test to be incident perpendicularly on the center of the transparent medium placed in the transparent medium mounting frame. At least a portion of the signal acquisition module is fixedly disposed on the side of the transparent medium mounting bracket facing away from the laser emission platform and located on the laser transmission optical path, and is capable of acquiring objective performance data and image data required for subjective evaluation of the laser beam generated by the laser device under test after penetrating the transparent medium in real time. The data processing and evaluation module is configured to interact with the signal acquisition module, and can process the objective parameter data and subjective image data transmitted by the signal acquisition module, and complete the evaluation of the window performance of the laser device under test based on the processed data. The main control module is configured to control the connected scene simulation module, laser emission module, signal acquisition module, and data processing and evaluation module. It can coordinate the work among the scene simulation module, laser emission module, signal acquisition module, and data processing and evaluation module according to test instructions to complete the automatic test of the window performance of the laser device under test.

[0007] In some embodiments, the window medium switching unit includes a rotating medium rack and multiple window medium fixing stations. Each window medium fixing station can install different types of window media. The rotating medium rack can automatically switch the window media in different window medium fixing stations to the test optical path.

[0008] In some implementations, the scenario simulation module is also equipped with an environmental parameter control unit for adjusting and stabilizing the environmental parameters of the test environment.

[0009] In some embodiments, the laser emitting module includes a laser mount and an angle adjustment unit. The laser mount is used to mount the laser device to be tested, and the angle adjustment unit is used to adjust the emission angle of the laser device to ensure that the laser beam can be incident perpendicularly to the center of the transparent medium.

[0010] In some embodiments, the laser emitting module is further equipped with a laser power stabilization unit, which is configured to stabilize the output power of the laser device under test.

[0011] In some implementations, the signal acquisition module uses an objective parameter acquisition unit to acquire objective performance data of the laser beam generated by the laser device under test after penetrating the window medium. The objective parameter acquisition unit includes a laser power meter, a spot analyzer, and a distance sensor. The laser power meter is configured to acquire the power value of the laser after penetrating the window, the spot analyzer is configured to acquire the size, shape, and energy distribution parameters of the laser spot after penetrating the window, and the distance sensor is used to monitor the current test distance in real time.

[0012] In some embodiments, the signal acquisition module uses a subjective image acquisition unit to acquire the image data required for subjective evaluation. The subjective image acquisition unit includes a camera and an image acquisition card, which are installed on the other side of the window medium used for testing, opposite to the laser emission direction, to capture images of the light spot formed by the laser on the target plane after passing through the window or images of the target after the laser irradiates it. The image acquisition card is used to transmit the image data captured by the camera to the data processing and evaluation module.

[0013] In some implementations, the system further includes a human-computer interaction module and / or a security protection module.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-scene laser window performance testing and evaluation method, which includes the following steps: (1) Test preparation: The laser device to be tested was deployed in a multi-scenario laser window performance testing system, and the necessary debugging and settings were completed. (2) Test parameter configuration: The configuration includes test parameters such as test distance sequence, window media type sequence, test environment parameters, and number of tests. (3) Scene switching: According to the set test parameters, the test system controls the scene configuration unit of the scene simulation module to move the laser emission platform to the first test distance and calibrates the test distance through the distance sensor; it also controls the window medium switching unit of the scene simulation module to switch the first window medium into the test optical path to ensure that the window medium is perpendicular to the laser beam. (4) Data collection: The test system controls the laser emission module to start the laser device under test and emit laser. After the laser beam passes through the window medium, the signal acquisition module starts to collect data: the objective parameter acquisition unit collects objective parameters such as laser power value, spot size, shape, and energy distribution after passing through the window, and the subjective image acquisition unit captures the spot image of the laser on the target plane after passing through the window or the image after the laser irradiates the target. (5) Repeat steps (3)-(4) to complete the test data collection for all window media at the current test distance; (6) The test system controls the scene configuration unit to move the laser emission platform to the next test distance according to the set test parameters, and repeats steps (3)-(5) until all preset test distances and window medium scenes are completed and the test data are collected. (7) Data processing and performance evaluation: The data processing unit receives multiple sets of objective parameter data and subjective image data transmitted by the signal acquisition module, preprocesses the acquired data, and performs objective and subjective perspective performance evaluation based on the set objective and subjective evaluation indicators.

[0015] Furthermore, during the testing process, the environmental parameter control unit monitors parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity of the test environment in real time. If the parameters deviate from the preset range, the environmental control equipment is automatically adjusted to ensure the stability of the test environment.

[0016] Furthermore, the test evaluation method also includes a repeatability verification step, in which the same laser device is tested multiple times under the same test scenario, and the relative standard deviation of the test results is calculated. If the relative standard deviation is ≤5%, the test results are considered to have good repeatability; otherwise, the test is repeated.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the laser window performance testing and evaluation scheme provided by this invention has the following advantages: 1. Achieve fully automatic switching between multiple scenarios: The scenario simulation module of this invention can achieve precise adjustment of the test distance and automatic switching between different window media. Combined with the environmental parameter control unit, it can simulate a variety of complex scenarios in actual applications without manual intervention, which greatly improves test efficiency and reduces human operation errors.

[0018] 2. Comprehensive and scientific testing methods: This invention adopts a testing method that combines subjective and objective quantitative methods. It obtains quantitative indicators such as power and spot size after laser transmission through the window through objective parameter acquisition units, and obtains visual effect indicators through subjective image acquisition and professional evaluation. This method can comprehensively reflect the actual transmission performance of the laser equipment and overcome the shortcomings of the single testing method in the past.

[0019] 3. Establish unified evaluation standards: This invention clarifies the scoring rules and comprehensive evaluation weights for objective and subjective evaluation indicators, and establishes a scientific and standardized method for evaluating the performance of laser windows, making the performance of laser equipment from different manufacturers and of different types comparable, and providing a unified reference for users to select models and for manufacturers to optimize their products.

[0020] 4. High security and strong practicality: This invention is equipped with a complete security protection module to ensure the safety and reliability of the testing process; at the same time, the system has human-computer interaction function, is easy to operate, and provides detailed test reports, which can be widely used in the testing of the window performance of laser equipment in security, transportation, industry and other fields. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the multi-scene laser window performance testing system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-scene laser window performance testing system of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an example diagram illustrating the cooperation between the laser emitting platform and the transparent medium mounting bracket in this invention; Figure 4 This is a structural example diagram of the transparent medium mounting bracket in this invention; Figure 5 This is a structural example diagram of the window medium switching unit in this invention; Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the cooperative setup between the scene simulation module, the laser emission module, and the signal acquisition module in this invention. Figure 7 This is a structural example diagram of the laser radiation safety testing component in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0024] See Figure 1 The figure shows a system structure example of the multi-scene laser window performance testing system provided by the present invention.

[0025] Based on the illustration, the multi-scene laser window performance testing system provided by the present invention is mainly composed of a scene simulation module 1, a laser emission module 2, a signal acquisition module 3, a main control module 4, a data processing and evaluation module 5, a human-computer interaction module 6, and a safety protection module 7, which are connected and cooperate with each other through wired or wireless communication.

[0026] Among them, the scenario simulation module 1 in this system is used to simulate different laser window application scenarios, thereby constructing multi-dimensional test scenarios.

[0027] The laser emission module 2 in this system works in conjunction with the scene simulation module to install the laser device under test and to project the laser beam generated by the laser device under test into the multi-dimensional test scene constructed by the scene simulation module 1.

[0028] The signal acquisition module 3 in this system, together with the scene simulation module, is used to acquire objective data and image data required for subjective evaluation of the laser beam generated by the laser device under test through a window.

[0029] The data processing and evaluation module 5 in this system is configured to interact with the signal acquisition module 3 to process the objective parameter data and subjective image data transmitted by the signal acquisition module, and to evaluate the window performance of the laser device under test from both objective and subjective perspectives based on the processed data.

[0030] The main control module 4 in this system serves as the core control unit. It establishes wired or wireless communication connections with the scene simulation module 1, laser emission module 2, signal acquisition module 3, data processing and evaluation module 5, human-computer interaction module 6, and safety protection module 7, respectively, to realize command issuance and data interaction, and coordinate the mutual assistance among the modules to complete the automatic testing of the window performance of the laser device under test.

[0031] This invention provides further explanation of the composition of each module in the system and the equipment that may be involved.

[0032] Combination Figure 2 The scenario simulation module 1 in this system mainly consists of three sub-units: scenario configuration unit 11, window medium switching unit 12, and window medium 13, which are used to construct multi-dimensional test scenarios.

[0033] The window medium 13 in the scenario simulation module 1 is used to construct application scenarios with different window media. For example, the window medium 13 mainly includes ordinary car window glass, laminated glass, heat-insulating glass, laminated glass, etc.

[0034] The scene configuration unit 11 in this module specifically consists of a movable laser emitting platform 15 and a window-mounted medium mounting bracket 14 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown, the transparent medium mounting frame 14, with its transparent medium 13 for testing, forms a test scenario. The laser emission platform carries the laser emission module 2, which, in conjunction with the laser device under test, projects the laser beam generated by the transparent medium mounting frame 14 and the transparent medium 13 into the constructed test scenario.

[0035] The window medium switching unit 12 in the scenario simulation module 1 is specifically configured in conjunction with the window medium mounting bracket 14 in the scenario configuration unit 11. The window medium switching unit 12 stores multiple types of window media and can switch each type of window media to the window medium mounting bracket 14 in the scenario configuration unit 11 and place it in the test optical path for constructing different multi-dimensional test scenarios.

[0036] See Figure 3 In this scenario configuration unit 11, the laser emitting platform 15 is further configured to move horizontally relative to the transparent medium mounting bracket 14 while carrying the laser emitting module 2, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the test distance. The platform changes the relative distance between the laser emitting module and the transparent medium mounting bracket by moving horizontally, simulating different application scenarios.

[0037] As further explanation, the laser emitting platform 15 is implemented as a rigid metal frame with a standard mounting interface on its surface for fixing the laser emitting module to a laser mounting base.

[0038] Furthermore, the laser emitting platform 15 is configured to slide smoothly on the guide rail as a whole, and a drive system is set at the bottom of the support, thereby enabling the laser emitting platform 15 to move precisely in the horizontal direction relative to the window medium mounting frame, realizing continuous or step adjustment of the test distance within a preset range, with adjustment accuracy reaching the millimeter level.

[0039] As an example, the drive system here can be implemented by using a servo motor to drive a precision ball screw or linear module, which moves the platform along the horizontal guide rail with a movement accuracy of millimeters.

[0040] The window media mounting bracket 14 configured in the scenario configuration unit 11 adopts a switchable window media mounting bracket structure. In conjunction with the window media switching unit 12, it can quickly disassemble and switch between different window media 13.

[0041] For example, see Figure 4 As shown, this illustrates one configuration of the transparent media mounting bracket 14, which includes a base and frame 141, a guide rail 142, a positioning pin 143, and a locking mechanism 144.

[0042] The base and frame 141 serve as the main body of the mounting bracket, used to support and fix the transparent medium. It includes a base portion and a frame portion fixedly mounted on the base portion. The frame portion is adapted to accommodate the transparent medium 13. The base and frame 141 together form a rigid structure, ensuring the transparent medium remains stable and does not shake during testing.

[0043] Guide rail 142 is mounted on the base to guide the transparent medium smoothly and accurately into or out of the mounting bracket, thereby ensuring quick and accurate positioning each time the medium is changed.

[0044] The positioning pin 143 works in conjunction with the guide rail 142. When the transparent medium 13 is fed in by the transparent medium switching unit 12 or manually placed in, the positioning pin 143 can ensure that the medium is accurately positioned in the center of the test optical path, ensuring that the laser beam can be incident perpendicularly to the center of the medium.

[0045] A locking mechanism 144 is mounted on the frame portion of the base and frame 141, used to securely lock the transparent medium to the mounting bracket during testing. As further explained, the locking mechanism 144 can employ a mechanical or pneumatic locking device to prevent medium displacement due to equipment vibration or external forces during testing, thereby affecting the accuracy of the test results. It should be noted that the configuration of the mechanical or pneumatic locking device is not limited here and can be determined according to actual needs.

[0046] As an improved embodiment that simultaneously solves the problems of thermal stress deformation of transparent media under long-term laser irradiation and the clamping of multi-layer media, this solution also provides an alternative configuration of a floating self-centering composite locking transparent media mounting rack. As an alternative, this transparent media mounting rack can be composed of a floating reference frame, an adaptive centering claw assembly, a pneumatic vacuum-assisted locking system, and an RFID identification module.

[0047] Among them, the floating reference frame 141 serves as the main body of the mounting frame for the transparent medium mounting bracket 14. It adopts a double-layer frame structure, with the outer layer being a high-rigidity fixed outer frame that is fixed to the optical platform, and the inner layer being a floating inner frame connected by precision cross roller guides.

[0048] The resulting floating inner frame can be finely adjusted by ±5mm along the laser optical axis. When the expansion and deformation of the medium due to the laser's thermal effect are detected, the displacement sensor can provide feedback to actively release thermal stress, preventing the glass from cracking or the surface from being distorted, thus ensuring test safety and optical path stability.

[0049] The adaptive centering jaw assembly includes four sets of lever-type jaws mounted on a floating inner frame for securing the transparent medium. Each of the four sets of jaws is driven by a stepper closed-loop motor via a rack and pinion mechanism, and all four stepper closed-loop motors are controlled by the same controller. This enables the four sets of lever-type jaws to work together, allowing the system to automatically find and clamp the geometric center of the medium, whether it is a circular glass or a square sample.

[0050] Furthermore, each claw has a stepped "finger" at its end, with each stepped surface embedded with a polyurethane buffer layer of different hardness, which can clamp multiple media (such as glass + film + heat insulation film) at one time, and ensure that there is no relative sliding between the media layers.

[0051] This solution, based on the gripper clamping mechanism, further incorporates a pneumatic vacuum-assisted locking system, introducing negative pressure adsorption as the final locking method.

[0052] The pneumatic vacuum-assisted locking system includes an annular vacuum suction cup groove and a miniature vacuum generator embedded in the annular vacuum suction cup groove. The annular vacuum suction cup groove is deployed on the contact surface between the floating inner frame and the medium, and the miniature vacuum generator is embedded in the annular vacuum suction cup groove.

[0053] Thus, after the chuck completes mechanical centering, the system initiates vacuum adsorption. This is a composite process of "mechanical centering first, followed by pneumatic locking." This composite flexible locking method completely eliminates the stress birefringence caused by traditional rigid clamping inside the glass, avoiding interference with the laser polarization state and spot energy distribution.

[0054] The RFID automatic identification and pairing module includes a reader built into the mounting bracket and an RFID chip that is set on each transparent medium 13.

[0055] When the media holder is pushed in, the system automatically reads parameters such as the media's ID, type, factory thickness, and refractive index.

[0056] See Figure 5 The diagram shows an example of one configuration of the window medium switching unit 12 in this scheme.

[0057] Based on the illustration, this transparent medium switching unit 12 is mainly composed of a rotating medium rack 121, a mounting base 122, and a stepper motor drive 123.

[0058] The rotating media rack 121 is cylindrical in shape, with multiple transparent media fixing stations 124 arranged circumferentially on its side. These stations are used to place the corresponding transparent media 13. Each station can install different types of transparent media, such as ordinary car window glass, tempered car window glass, and film glass of different thicknesses. For example, it can include transparent film, tinted film, reflective film, etc., which are not limited here.

[0059] The bottom of the rotating media holder 121 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 122 via a rotating shaft.

[0060] A stepper motor drive 123 is mounted in the mounting base 122 and drives the rotating shaft connected to the rotary media holder 121. In this way, the stepper motor drive 123 can drive the rotary media holder 121 to rotate, which can switch the window media set in multiple window media fixing positions to the window media mounting frame. This enables automatic switching of different window media to the test optical path according to test requirements, realizing fully automatic switching of window media scenarios.

[0061] As a further explanation, in order to improve the efficiency of window media switching, this solution preferably sets up a linkage mechanism between the window media mounting bracket 14 and the window media switching unit 12 to realize the coordinated work of the window media mounting bracket 14 and the window media switching unit 12, thereby realizing automatic switching of window media.

[0062] The linkage mechanism here can be implemented using devices such as push rods, robotic arms, or pneumatic devices. For example, a rodless cylinder is fixed to one side of the base of the transparent media mounting rack. An L-shaped push-pull plate is fixed to the cylinder slider, and the front end of the push-pull plate has an elastic buckle that matches the positioning groove of the transparent media frame. Each transparent media fixing station on the rotating media rack has a guide slot on its outer side that matches the thickness of the push-pull plate. When the target station rotates to the position aligned with the guide rail of the mounting rack, the rodless cylinder drives the push-pull plate to extend into the guide slot of the station. The elastic buckle engages with the positioning groove of the media frame, smoothly pushing the media into the mounting rack along the guide rail. After the positioning pin completes the positioning, the locking mechanism of the mounting rack pneumatically locks it. After the test is completed, the locking mechanism releases, the push-pull plate pulls the media back to the station, and the elastic buckle disengages and resets. The entire handover process is controlled in a closed loop by the main control module in conjunction with the cylinder solenoid valve and position sensor.

[0063] When the target station of the window medium switching unit 12 rotates into place, the window medium on the station is transferred into the window medium mounting frame through the linkage mechanism and fixed by the locking mechanism of the mounting frame. After completion, the medium is returned from the mounting frame to the station of the rotating frame.

[0064] As an example, the corresponding collaborative workflow is as follows: Receive instruction: The user sets the required transparent medium 13 through the human-machine interaction module. The main control device calculates which station (e.g., the film-coated glass of station 2) needs to be rotated to the working position according to the sequence.

[0065] Rotation and Positioning: The main control unit drives a stepper motor to rotate the rotating bracket until the corresponding workstation is precisely aligned with the transparent medium mounting bracket. The positioning sensor confirms that the device is in place.

[0066] Media handover: The linkage mechanism pushes out the transparent media at the corresponding station, smoothly feeds it into the fixed transparent media mounting bracket, and locks it in place. At this point, the media is officially located in the laser test optical path.

[0067] Testing and Recovery: After the medium is tested, the locking mechanism is released, and the medium is pushed or pulled back to the corresponding station on the rotating frame.

[0068] Switching to the next medium: The main control module controls the rotating bracket to rotate to the next target station (such as the tempered glass at station 5), repeating the above process to achieve fully automatic, sequential switching.

[0069] Based on the above scheme, the scenario simulation module 1 can be further configured with an environmental parameter control unit. This environmental parameter control unit is set to adjust and stabilize parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity of the test environment to avoid interference from environmental factors on the test results and ensure the reliability of the test data.

[0070] Specifically, this environmental parameter control unit adopts a closed-loop architecture, with its core consisting of monitoring, control, and execution modules: the monitoring module collects real-time data through high-precision temperature, humidity, and light sensors; the control host compares the data with preset parameters, generates adjustment commands, and displays and alarms; the execution module precisely adjusts the parameters through heating / cooling, humidification / dehumidification, and shading / supplementary lighting components. The overall structure is simple and can be linked with a testing system to achieve stable parameter control.

[0071] The laser emission module 2 in this system mainly includes three sub-units: laser mounting base 21, angle adjustment unit 22, and laser power stabilization unit (not shown in the figure), which are used for the installation and fixation of the laser device under test and the calibration of emission parameters.

[0072] The laser mounting base 21 enables the stable installation of the laser device 8. The laser mounting base 21 is set on the laser emission platform in the scene simulation module 1, serving as the physical support foundation of the module.

[0073] Specifically, the laser mounting base 21 preferably adopts a metal (such as aluminum alloy) structure, which has high rigidity and vibration resistance, ensuring that the laser equipment does not shift or shake during the test; at the same time, it is installed on the laser emitting platform by bolts or quick-release interfaces, and can move precisely with the platform.

[0074] Furthermore, the upper part of the laser mounting base 21 is equipped with a multi-dimensional adjustable clamping assembly 24, including dovetail groove slides in the horizontal and vertical directions and a telescopic arm along the optical axis, which can be adapted to laser equipment of different shapes and sizes (such as cylindrical and box-shaped). The clamping surface is lined with polyurethane vibration damping pads, and the clamping force is calibrated by a torque wrench to avoid over-positioning and deformation of the equipment.

[0075] The angle adjustment unit 22 in the laser emitting module 2 is located between the laser mounting base 21 and the laser emitting platform. It is used to adjust the emission angle of the laser device to ensure that the laser beam can be incident perpendicularly to the center of the transparent medium.

[0076] Specifically, the angle adjustment unit 22 is used to precisely adjust the emission angle (pitch angle and yaw angle) of the laser device to ensure that the laser beam emitted by it can be incident perpendicularly to the center of the window medium in the window medium mounting bracket.

[0077] Furthermore, the angle adjustment unit 22 preferably employs a high-precision two-dimensional adjustment frame (pitch-yaw) or a three-dimensional adjustment stage, based on a precision threaded pair, worm gear mechanism, or piezoelectric ceramic actuator, enabling micron-level or arcsecond-level fine-tuning. The specific configuration of the angle adjustment unit 22 is not limited here and can be determined according to actual needs. For example, existing stable and reliable two-dimensional adjustment frames or three-dimensional adjustment stages can be used.

[0078] As an example, the angle adjustment unit 22 can also adopt a dual-axis orthogonal pitch / yaw adjustment stage series structure, with the yaw stage below and the pitch stage above. The rotation centers of both axes pass through the light output port of the laser device under test, avoiding translational coupling during adjustment. Each axis is driven by a servo motor, achieving a large reduction ratio and high torque transmission through a worm gear pair and harmonic reducer, and is equipped with an electromagnetic brake to maintain the attitude after power failure.

[0079] The laser power stabilization unit in laser emission module 2 is used to stabilize the output power of the laser device under test, so as to avoid the power fluctuation of the laser itself becoming an interference factor in the test results, and to ensure that the acquired window performance data reflects the influence of the medium itself, rather than the instability of the light source.

[0080] The laser power stabilization unit mainly consists of a stable power supply, a temperature control component, and an active feedback control component. The stable power supply provides constant current or constant power drive to the laser device under test, reducing power fluctuations at the circuit level. The temperature control component includes a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) and a temperature sensor, used for temperature-sensitive lasers (such as semiconductor lasers) to stabilize their output characteristics. The active feedback control component includes a beam splitter and a fast photodetector, which samples a portion of the laser output power in real time, forming a closed-loop feedback control that dynamically adjusts the drive current to maintain a constant output power.

[0081] Based on the above scheme, the laser emitting module 2 can also be configured with an aiming telescope 23 and a laser rangefinder 25 as needed. The configured aiming telescope 23 is mounted on the laser emitting platform corresponding to the laser mounting base 21 and is used to adjust the aiming point position; the configured laser rangefinder 25 is mounted on the laser emitting platform corresponding to the laser mounting base 21 and can display the distance to the transparent medium in real time.

[0082] Based on the above scheme, the laser emission module 2 can also be configured with a subjective evaluation unit for laser window image quality as needed. This subjective evaluation unit for laser window image quality acquires the imaging image by connecting to the device under test and displays the target images such as the resolution test card and grayscale test card output by the device on the display, thereby conducting subjective quality evaluation.

[0083] The signal acquisition module 3 in this system is mainly composed of two sub-units: an objective parameter acquisition unit 31 and a subjective image acquisition unit 32. It is used to comprehensively acquire test data, including objective data after laser penetration and image data required for subjective evaluation.

[0084] See Figure 6 The subjective image acquisition unit 32 in this signal acquisition module 3 mainly includes a transmissive uniform light box 321, a high-definition camera (not shown in the figure), a video image test card 322, and an image acquisition card (not shown in the figure).

[0085] The uniform backlight box 321 is used to provide uniform, stable, and adjustable backlight illumination for the video image test card 322, which constitutes the premise for subjective image quality (such as resolution and contrast) evaluation and ensures that the test card is under the same lighting conditions in different tests.

[0086] Specifically, this transmissive uniform light box 321 mainly includes a sealed enclosure, a light source, a diffuser plate, and a control component. LED strips or surface light sources are evenly arranged inside the sealed enclosure as the light source. Multiple layers of high-quality diffuser plates (such as milky white acrylic sheets) are placed in front of the light source to fully scatter the light, thus forming a highly uniform surface light source on the light-emitting surface. The control component controls the light source and integrates a constant current drive circuit, which can be controlled by the main control module or manually to adjust and stabilize the output brightness to simulate different ambient lighting conditions.

[0087] When this transmissive uniform light box 321 is deployed, its light-emitting surface faces the camera, and the video image test card is attached to or installed on the light-emitting surface of the light box.

[0088] The video image test card 322 in this signal acquisition module 3 serves as a standardized target for image quality evaluation. This video image test card 322 is flatly fixed on the light-emitting surface of the transmissive uniform light box, ensuring it is uniformly backlit. The video image test card 322 forms a common target plane for both laser illumination and camera capture. The laser penetrates the window medium and illuminates the test card, while the camera captures the image. Evaluators subjectively assess the resolution, sharpness, contrast, distortion, and other indicators of the laser imaging by observing the image.

[0089] Specifically, the video image test chart 322 includes, but is not limited to, the ISO 12233 resolution test chart (for evaluating spatial frequency response and sharpness), the grayscale test chart (for evaluating contrast and dynamic range), and the distortion test chart (for evaluating geometric distortion).

[0090] The high-definition camera is fixedly mounted on the other side of the transparent medium, facing and parallel to the target plane (i.e., the test card or the light spot projection surface).

[0091] Specifically, the high-definition camera is preferentially mounted on a three-axis adjustable gimbal to precisely adjust its position and angle, ensuring that the image is centered and distortion-free.

[0092] The image acquisition card is connected to the high-definition camera to receive the raw image data signal output by the camera and transmit the image data captured by the camera to the data processing and evaluation module.

[0093] The specific configuration of the high-definition camera and image acquisition card is not limited here and can be determined according to actual needs.

[0094] When the subjective image acquisition unit 32 thus constitutes this, the transmissive uniform light box is first lit as a background light source, and the video image test card is attached to it, together forming a "luminous target board". This assembly is placed on the other side of the transparent medium, opposite to the laser emission direction.

[0095] Based on this, after the laser penetrates the medium under test, it shines on the test card; a high-definition industrial camera is precisely focused on the plane of the test card and captures an image of the test card illuminated by the laser.

[0096] At the same time, the captured images are transmitted in real time to the data processing and evaluation module via the image acquisition card.

[0097] Based on this, evaluators observe these images on a monitor and subjectively score the imaging quality after laser transmission through the window based on factors such as the clarity of lines and the distinguishability of grayscale on the test card.

[0098] In the subjective image acquisition unit 32, the high-definition industrial camera and image acquisition card are the data acquisition end; the transmissive uniform light box and video image test card together form the standardized evaluation target end. The four work together to construct a complete acquisition and evaluation environment that can quantify subjective visual perception, ensuring the objectivity and comparability of the evaluation results.

[0099] The objective parameter acquisition unit 31 in this signal acquisition module 3 is used to synchronously and accurately acquire quantifiable physical parameters after the laser penetrates the window medium, providing an objective data basis for performance evaluation. This unit is a multi-sensor integrated system, and all components are deployed in a controlled test environment (such as an environmental test chamber) to ensure that the data is not affected by external interference.

[0100] Specifically, this objective parameter acquisition unit 31 mainly includes a laser power meter 311, a spot analyzer 312, a distance sensor 313, and an environmental test chamber 314.

[0101] Among them, the environmental test chamber 314 constitutes a controlled test environment, which is used to carry the relevant components in the window medium switching unit 12, the objective parameter acquisition unit 31 and the subjective image acquisition unit 32 in the scene simulation module 1.

[0102] The specific composition of the environmental test chamber 314 is not limited here and can be determined according to actual needs.

[0103] The laser power meter 311 in this unit is placed in an environmental test chamber to collect the power value of the laser after it passes through the window.

[0104] Specifically, the laser power meter 311 includes a high-precision photoelectric detection probe, which is fixed at the center of the main laser path behind the window by a bracket 315; and the receiving surface of the probe must be strictly perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser, and ensure that the beam completely covers the receiving surface to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0105] The laser spot analyzer 312 in this unit is placed in an environmental test chamber and is used to collect parameters such as the size, shape, and energy distribution of the laser spot after it is passed through the window.

[0106] Specifically, the spot analyzer 312 includes an area array sensor (such as CCD or CMOS) and a matching optical system and analysis software. The support 315 is used to arrange the light spot and the power meter probe 311 coaxially and in the same plane, or closely adjacent to each other, ensuring that the acquired light spot is consistent with the power measurement area, thus achieving synchronous detection of the light spot size, shape, and energy distribution.

[0107] The distance sensor 313 in this unit is used to monitor the current test distance in real time to ensure the accuracy of the test distance.

[0108] Specifically, the distance sensor 313 is a laser rangefinder sensor, which is installed on the side of the spot analyzer or laser power meter to upload distance data to the control system for correcting test conditions and ensuring test repeatability.

[0109] The objective parameter acquisition unit 31 thus comprises a laser power meter 311, a spot analyzer 312, and a distance sensor 313, which are mechanically integrated into a compact measurement module. The laser power meter is located at the front, directly receiving the laser beam, followed closely by the spot analyzer, while the distance sensor is located to the side. The entire module is rigidly fixed to ensure that their relative positions remain unchanged.

[0110] Meanwhile, this objective parameter acquisition unit 31 is configured to execute the following workflow: Trigger: When the laser penetrates the medium, the main control module sends a synchronous trigger signal to the objective parameter acquisition unit 31.

[0111] Synchronous acquisition: Three sensors start immediately and complete the measurement at the same time: the distance sensor records the real-time distance, the laser power meter records the instantaneous power, and the spot analyzer captures the current spot image.

[0112] Data transmission: The acquired raw data (distance value, power value, spot image matrix) is packaged in real time and transmitted to the data processing unit in the data processing and evaluation module 5 via a data cable for subsequent filtering, analysis and calculation.

[0113] Based on the above configuration, the signal acquisition module 3 can be further configured with a laser radiation safety testing unit 33 as needed. This laser radiation safety testing unit 33 is used to complete the detection and compliance assessment of laser photobiological safety indicators after the laser device under test is viewed through a window.

[0114] See Figure 7 Specifically, the laser radiation safety testing component 33 is constructed entirely in accordance with GB / T 7247.13 "Laser Product Safety Part 13: Classification Measurement of Laser Products" and is a supporting component of a laser radiation safety detection system that meets the standard requirements. For example, this component includes the laser measurement probe 331 specified in the standard, and dedicated supporting components for Conditions 1, 2, and 3. It is a technologically mature dedicated detection device that can be seamlessly integrated into an integrated testing system.

[0115] The data processing and evaluation module 5 in this system includes two sub-units: a data processing unit 51 and a performance evaluation unit 52, which are responsible for data processing and comprehensive performance evaluation.

[0116] The data processing unit 51 is configured to process the objective parameter data and subjective image data transmitted by the signal acquisition module. It performs filtering, calibration and other processing on the objective parameter data to remove interference signals and improve data accuracy. At the same time, it performs preprocessing on the subjective image data (including image enhancement, noise reduction, cropping and other processing) and extracts the image feature parameters (such as the gray value, contrast and sharpness of the light spot).

[0117] As further explained, this data processing unit 51 is configured to perform the following processing steps for objective parameter data: Multi-dimensional synchronous alignment processing: Data from the laser power meter, spot analyzer and distance sensor under the same test scenario are synchronized and aligned based on timestamps to form a multi-dimensional data set; Environmental compensation calibration process: Measurement error compensation models for the optical power meter and spot analyzer are established in advance under different ambient temperatures and humidity. After acquiring the measured data, the error compensation model is called to dynamically compensate the measured laser power value and spot size value according to the real-time environmental parameters recorded by the environmental parameter control unit, so as to eliminate the influence of environmental factors on the accuracy of the sensor itself. Window feature vector generation: Based on the compensated data, calculate and generate a set of "window feature vectors", which must contain at least the following dimensions: Energy transfer dimension: Laser transmittance = Compensated power after windowing / Raw calibration power × 100%; Spatial distortion dimension: Rate of change of spot ellipticity = (Ellipticity of spot after window - Ellipticity of naked spot) / Ellipticity of naked spot; Energy distribution dimension: Energy concentration offset = Radius of 80% energy encirclement when naked - Radius of 80% energy encirclement after windowing; Beam quality dimension: M 2 Factor increment = M after windowing 2 Factor - Naked M 2 factor.

[0118] Drift analysis processing: Time series analysis is performed on the spot center position data collected multiple times in the same scene to calculate the standard deviation and maximum drift of the spot center position, which are used as characteristic parameters of beam pointing stability.

[0119] This data processing unit 51, by establishing a "window feature vector," overcomes the limitations of traditional methods that only focus on a single indicator, achieving multi-dimensional and deep decoupling of the optical effects of the window medium. In particular, the introduction of environmental compensation calibration eliminates the drift of the test system itself due to environmental changes, enabling the "window feature vector" obtained in long-term, multi-scenario testing to truly reflect the characteristics of the medium itself, greatly improving the consistency and comparability of data under different test scenarios.

[0120] As a further explanation, this data processing unit 51 is also configured to perform the following processing steps for subjective image data: Intelligent segmentation and alignment of target regions: Using template matching algorithms, specific regions of interest (ROIs) in video image test cards are identified and segmented, such as the wedge-shaped region of the ISO 12233 resolution test card. Based on the positioning marks on the test card, perspective transformation correction and sub-pixel alignment of the image are performed to ensure that the same physical area is compared in different scenes.

[0121] Modulation transfer function generation: For the segmented hypotenuse or wedge-shaped region, the modulation transfer function curve of the image is calculated using the hypotenuse method, and the MTF value (MTF50P) and area under the MTF curve at the Nyquist frequency are further extracted as quantitative substitute indicators of sharpness.

[0122] Artifact Quantification Analysis: The acquired image is compared with the ideal reference image by performing a difference operation to separate the artifact components such as stray light and ghosting caused by the laser window medium, and the total area and average gray intensity of the artifact region are calculated to generate the "artifact interference index".

[0123] This processing method transforms the traditional subjective feelings that rely on the experience of evaluators into objective and reproducible quantitative indicators. Even if manual scoring is still used in the final stage, the evaluators are faced with image sequences that have undergone standardized preprocessing and are accompanied by reference data such as MTF values ​​and artifact interference indices. This fundamentally improves the robustness of the weighted fusion of multiple evaluations and ensures the scientific nature of "subjective assessment" from the source.

[0124] The performance evaluation unit 52 is configured to interact with the data processing unit 51, and can combine the objective data processed by the data processing unit 51 and the subjective image feature parameters to comprehensively evaluate the window performance of the laser device according to the preset evaluation standards and generate an evaluation report.

[0125] Specifically, this performance evaluation unit 52 has a built-in subjective-objective correlation mapping model and a hierarchical decision engine, and is configured to perform the following processes: Construction and iteration of the subjective-objective correlation mapping model: Training data accumulation: In the early stages of system use or during periodic calibration, a large amount of objective feature vector data of typical window media at typical distances is collected, and at the same time, subjective scores of the corresponding images by multiple senior evaluators are obtained (as standard answers).

[0126] Model establishment: Using the objective feature vectors (such as laser transmittance, spot ellipticity change rate, MTF50P value, etc.) as input and subjective evaluation scores as output, a "subjective-objective correlation mapping model" that can directly predict subjective scores based on objective data is trained and generated using regression analysis or neural network algorithms.

[0127] Model-based hierarchical decision making: Objective indicator evaluation: The objective feature vector of the current device under test is received from the data processing unit 51 and scored directly by comparing it with the preset objective indicator threshold standard table.

[0128] Subjective effect prediction: Input the objective feature vector of the current device under test into the pre-trained "subjective-objective correlation mapping model" to predict an "estimated subjective score".

[0129] Actual subjective evaluation: The evaluation team scores the subjective images to obtain the "actual subjective score".

[0130] Deviation verification and comprehensive evaluation: The "estimated subjective score" is compared with the "measured subjective score". If the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined that the subjective evaluation may be abnormal, and a review or retest is prompted. If the deviation is within the threshold, the final score is calculated, for example: Final comprehensive score = (objective index score × W1) + (measured subjective score × W2) + (estimated subjective score × W3), where W1 + W2 + W3 = 1.

[0131] This performance evaluation unit introduces a closed-loop verification mechanism of "prediction → measurement," forming a system with self-diagnosis and intelligent decision-making capabilities. By establishing a subjective-objective correlation mapping model, on the one hand, the reliability of human subjective evaluations can be cross-validated, and abnormal scores can be eliminated in a timely manner; on the other hand, as the model accuracy improves, it may even be possible to provide high-confidence subjective effect predictions based solely on objective measurement data in the future, greatly shortening the testing cycle and reducing reliance on professional evaluators. This hybrid intelligent evaluation mode of "using objective data to predict subjective data and using subjective data to verify objective data" is something that traditional solutions do not possess.

[0132] The human-computer interaction module 6 in this system provides users with an interface for setting parameters, controlling tests, and viewing results.

[0133] Specifically, the human-computer interaction module 6 uses a touch screen or host computer software, which allows users to set test parameters such as test distance range, window medium type, number of tests, start / stop tests, view test data and evaluation reports, and export and print test data.

[0134] The security protection module 7 in this system is used to provide security for the testing process.

[0135] Specifically, the safety protection module 7 includes a laser protective cover, an emergency stop button, and an alarm unit. The laser protective cover is used to prevent laser leakage from causing injury to operators. The emergency stop button can immediately stop the system operation in an emergency. The alarm unit will issue an audible and visual alarm when an abnormality occurs during the test (such as abnormal laser power, equipment failure, etc.).

[0136] The main control module 4 in this system serves as the core control unit. It adopts an industrial-grade microcontroller or PLC controller to receive user test instructions (including test scene parameters, test items, etc.) and control the distance adjustment and window medium switching of the scene simulation module, the laser emission and angle adjustment of the laser emission module, and the parameter acquisition and data transmission of the signal acquisition module according to the instructions.

[0137] Based on this, the main control module 4 also integrates a data caching function, which can temporarily store the collected test data to avoid data loss.

[0138] Specifically, the main control module 4 is equipped with a multi-target collaborative control mechanism, which enables test scenario self-calibration and precise positioning, active maintenance of environmental stability, and automatic verification and anomaly recovery functions.

[0139] Furthermore, this main control module 4 is configured to achieve self-calibration and precise positioning of the test scenario through the following scheme: Step A: Closed-loop calibration of laser ranging for testing distance.

[0140] After receiving the target test distance (e.g., 10.00m) instruction, the main control module 4 first performs coarse positioning and drives the servo motor to move the laser emission platform to the coarse positioning position.

[0141] Then, the precise positioning closed loop is initiated: the main control module reads the distance data from the laser ranging module installed at the transmitter in real time and calculates the deviation from the target value.

[0142] A PID control algorithm is employed, using the deviation as the control input to output fine-tuning pulses to the servo driver, driving the platform to smoothly approach the target position. This closed-loop process continues until the deviation is less than the set distance tolerance (e.g., ±0.5mm), at which point the system determines that distance calibration is complete. This process is fully automatic and adaptive, requiring no manual intervention.

[0143] Step B: Automated vertical alignment of the laser optical axis with the transparent medium.

[0144] After the distance calibration is completed, the main control module 4 starts the laser to emit an indicator light in low-power mode.

[0145] The two-dimensional angle adjustment unit in the laser emission module is controlled to drive the pitch axis and yaw axis to perform small angle scans within a predetermined range.

[0146] During this scanning process, the main control module acquires image data from the spot analyzer in the signal acquisition module in real time, and calls the built-in spot ellipticity fast calculation function to calculate the ellipticity of the current spot in real time.

[0147] The main control module executes an extreme value search algorithm to find the angle position that minimizes the ellipticity of the laser spot. When the ellipticity of the laser spot reaches the global minimum, the main control module immediately stops angle scanning and sends a "position lock" command to the angle adjustment unit. This "automatic alignment method with laser spot morphology as the final criterion" creatively introduces optical measurement into mechanical positioning control, completely eliminating the problem of non-perpendicular laser incidence caused by machining and assembly errors.

[0148] Furthermore, this main control module 4 is configured to actively maintain environmental stability through the following scheme: The main control module continuously reads the historical temperature and humidity data streams recorded by the environmental control unit and runs a lightweight time-series prediction model (such as an exponential smoothing or autoregressive model suitable for embedded environments) to predict the environmental change trend in real time over the next few minutes.

[0149] When the predictive model determines that the temperature inside the test chamber will exceed the preset precision allowable range (e.g., ±0.5℃) after a period of time due to the heat accumulation generated by the laser working for a long time, the main control module will send a weak feedforward control command to the cooling / heating execution component in the environmental parameter control unit in advance to offset the upcoming thermal shock.

[0150] Accordingly, the main control module 4 can control the stability of the test environment (especially the temperature) within a narrower fluctuation range, providing unprecedented background consistency assurance for high-precision, long-cycle window testing.

[0151] Furthermore, this main control module 4 is configured to achieve automatic verification and anomaly recovery through the following scheme: During test execution, the main control module 4 simultaneously performs online diagnostics of data quality and system status. After each data acquisition step is completed, the main control module immediately performs a rapid screening of the acquired core data packets. For example, it checks whether the laser power value is a valid reading (non-zero, non-saturated) and whether the laser spot is completely centered in the analyzer's field of view. If an anomaly is detected, the main control module will automatically trigger an immediate retest of the current test step without waiting for manual judgment after the entire sequence is completed.

[0152] When system-level faults such as motor stall or communication timeout occur, the main control module, based on its built-in fault tree model, first attempts a preset recovery strategy, such as resetting the communication node or returning the motion axis to its origin and then retrying. Only after the self-healing attempt fails does it execute an orderly safety shutdown procedure and generate an error log containing detailed fault snapshot information, greatly facilitating problem localization.

[0153] Based on the above scheme, this invention further provides a multi-scenario laser window performance testing and evaluation method. This method, based on the established multi-scenario laser window performance testing system scheme, further constructs objective quantitative evaluation methods and standards, subjective visual evaluation methods and standards, and comprehensive evaluation methods and standards. This enables fully automatic switching between different application distances and different window media scenarios. By combining subjective and objective quantitative methods, the window performance of laser equipment is comprehensively tested, providing a scientific basis for the performance evaluation and selection of laser window equipment.

[0154] Specifically, the multi-scene laser window performance testing and evaluation method provided in this invention is implemented through the following steps, combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 6 .

[0155] Step 1: Preparation before testing: (1-1) Check whether each module of the test system is working properly, including the distance adjustment and window medium switching functions of the scene simulation module, the laser emission function of the laser emission module, and the parameter acquisition function of the signal acquisition module; (1-2) According to the test requirements, install the required transparent medium at different work positions of the transparent medium switching unit, and clean the transparent medium to remove dust and stains from the surface to avoid affecting the transparent effect; (1-3) Install the laser device to be tested on the laser mounting base of the laser emitting module, and adjust the laser emission angle through the angle adjustment unit so that the laser beam is perpendicularly incident on the center of the transparent medium; (1-4) Set test parameters through the human-computer interaction module, including test distance sequence (such as different test distances such as 1m, 3m, 5m, 10m, etc.), window medium type sequence, test environment parameters (such as temperature 25℃, humidity 50%, light intensity ≤50lux), and number of tests (each test is repeated 3-5 times and the average value is taken). (1-5) Activate the safety protection module and close the laser protective cover to ensure test safety.

[0156] Step 2: Scene Switching and Data Acquisition (2-1) The main control module in the system controls the scene configuration unit of the scene simulation module according to the set test parameters, moves the laser emission platform to the first test distance, and calibrates the test distance through the distance sensor to ensure distance accuracy; (2-2) The main control module in the system controls the window medium switching unit to switch the first window medium into the test optical path, ensuring that the window medium is perpendicular to the laser beam; (2-3) The main control module in the system controls the laser emission module to start the laser device under test and emit laser light. After the laser beam passes through the transparent medium, the signal acquisition module begins to collect data: The objective parameter acquisition unit acquires objective parameters such as laser power value, spot size, shape, and energy distribution through the window; the subjective image acquisition unit captures images of the laser spot on the target plane through the window or images of the target after laser irradiation. (2-4) Repeat steps (2-2) to (2-3) to complete the test data collection for all window media at the current test distance; (2-5) The main control module in the system controls the scene configuration unit to move the laser emission platform to the next test distance, repeating steps (2-1) to (2-4) until all preset test distances and window medium scenes have been completed and test data acquisition is completed. In each test scene, the test is repeated 3-5 times to collect multiple sets of data.

[0157] Step 3: Data Processing The data processing unit in the system receives multiple sets of objective parameter data and subjective image data transmitted by the signal acquisition module: The objective parameter data is filtered to remove outliers, and statistical parameters such as the mean and standard deviation are calculated for each test scenario. Subjective image data is preprocessed, including image enhancement, noise reduction, cropping, and other operations, to extract image feature parameters such as the gray value, contrast, sharpness, and uniformity of light spots.

[0158] Step 4: Performance Evaluation (4-1) Objective and quantitative evaluation: Based on the processed objective parameter data, set objective evaluation indicators, including window power retention rate (the ratio of laser power after the window to laser power before the window), spot expansion rate (the ratio of spot area after the window to spot area before the window), and energy concentration (the ratio of energy in the center area of ​​the spot to the total energy). Each objective indicator is scored according to the preset threshold standards. For example, a window power retention rate ≥80% is excellent (10 points), 60%-80% is good (8 points), 40%-60% is qualified (6 points), and <40% is unqualified (0 points). (4-2) Subjective visual evaluation: Organize professional evaluators to conduct visual evaluation of the preprocessed subjective images, set subjective evaluation indicators, including spot clarity, visual recognition, degree of absence of stray light interference, etc., use a 10-point scoring system, and take the average score of multiple evaluators as the subjective evaluation score. (4-3) Comprehensive evaluation: Set the weights of objective evaluation indicators and subjective evaluation indicators (e.g., 60% for objective indicators and 40% for subjective indicators), calculate the comprehensive evaluation score, and classify the laser equipment window performance level according to the comprehensive score. For example, a comprehensive score ≥8.5 is excellent, 7-8.5 is good, 6-7 is qualified, and <6 is unqualified.

[0159] Step 5: Generate a test report: The data processing and evaluation module in the system generates a detailed test report based on the test data and comprehensive evaluation results. The report includes test system parameters, test scenario information, raw test data, processed data, scores of each evaluation indicator, overall performance level, and improvement suggestions. Users can view, export, or print the test report through the human-computer interaction module.

[0160] As further explanation, during the test, the environmental parameter control unit in the system monitors parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity of the test environment in real time. If the parameters deviate from the preset range, the environmental control equipment is automatically adjusted to ensure the stability of the test environment.

[0161] As a further explanation, the test evaluation method provided by the present invention also includes a repeatability verification step, which involves performing multiple tests on the same laser device under the same test scenario, calculating the relative standard deviation of the test results, and considering the test results to have good repeatability if the relative standard deviation is ≤5%; otherwise, the test is repeated.

[0162] As can be seen from the above, the solution provided by this invention can achieve precise adjustment of the test distance and automatic switching of different window media. Combined with the environmental parameter control unit, it can simulate a variety of complex scenarios in actual applications without manual intervention, which greatly improves test efficiency and reduces human error.

[0163] Based on this, a testing method combining subjective and objective quantitative methods is adopted. It obtains quantitative indicators such as power and spot size after laser transmission through the window through the objective parameter acquisition unit, and obtains visual effect indicators through subjective image acquisition and professional evaluation. This method can comprehensively reflect the actual transmission performance of the laser equipment and overcome the shortcomings of the single testing method.

[0164] At the same time, the scoring rules and comprehensive evaluation weights of objective and subjective evaluation indicators were clarified, and a scientific and standardized method for evaluating the performance of laser windows was established, making the performance of laser equipment from different manufacturers and of different types comparable, and providing a unified reference for users to select models and for manufacturers to optimize their products.

[0165] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-scene laser window performance testing system, characterized in that, It includes a scene simulation module, a laser emission module, a signal acquisition module, a main control module, and a data processing and evaluation module; The scene simulation module includes a scene configuration unit and a window medium switching unit. The scene configuration unit includes a movable laser emitting platform and a fixed window medium mounting frame. The window medium mounting frame carries the window medium for testing. The laser emitting platform carries the laser emitting module and can move horizontally relative to the window medium mounting frame to adjust the test distance within a preset range. The window medium switching unit works in conjunction with the window medium mounting frame. The window medium switching unit stores multiple types of window media and can switch each type of window medium to the window medium mounting frame and place it in the test optical path. The laser emitting module is mounted on the laser emitting platform and is used to install the laser device under test. It enables the laser beam generated by the laser device under test to be incident perpendicularly on the center of the transparent medium placed in the transparent medium mounting frame. At least a portion of the signal acquisition module is fixedly disposed on the side of the transparent medium mounting bracket facing away from the laser emission platform and located on the laser transmission optical path, and is capable of acquiring objective performance data and image data required for subjective evaluation of the laser beam generated by the laser device under test after penetrating the transparent medium in real time. The data processing and evaluation module is configured to interact with the signal acquisition module, and can process the objective parameter data and subjective image data transmitted by the signal acquisition module, and complete the evaluation of the window performance of the laser device under test based on the processed data. The main control module is configured to control the connected scene simulation module, laser emission module, signal acquisition module, and data processing and evaluation module. It can coordinate the work among the scene simulation module, laser emission module, signal acquisition module, and data processing and evaluation module according to test instructions to complete the automatic test of the window performance of the laser device under test.

2. The multi-scene laser window performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transparent medium switching unit includes a rotating medium rack and multiple transparent medium fixing stations. Each transparent medium fixing station can install different types of transparent media. The rotating medium rack can automatically switch the transparent media in different transparent medium fixing stations to the test optical path.

3. The multi-scene laser window performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scenario simulation module is also equipped with an environmental parameter control unit, which is used to adjust and stabilize the environmental parameters of the test environment.

4. The multi-scene laser window performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser emitting module includes a laser mounting base and an angle adjustment unit. The laser mounting base is used to mount the laser device to be tested, and the angle adjustment unit is used to adjust the emission angle of the laser device to ensure that the laser beam can be incident perpendicularly to the center of the transparent medium.

5. The multi-scene laser window performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser emission module is also equipped with a laser power stabilization unit, which is configured to stabilize the output power of the laser device under test.

6. The multi-scene laser window performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module uses an objective parameter acquisition unit to collect objective performance data of the laser beam generated by the laser device under test after penetrating the window medium. The objective parameter acquisition unit includes a laser power meter, a spot analyzer, and a distance sensor. The laser power meter is configured to collect the power value of the laser after penetrating the window. The spot analyzer is configured to collect the size, shape, and energy distribution parameters of the laser spot after penetrating the window. The distance sensor is used to monitor the current test distance in real time.

7. The multi-scene laser window performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module uses a subjective image acquisition unit to acquire the image data required for subjective evaluation. The subjective image acquisition unit includes a camera and an image acquisition card, which are installed on the other side of the window medium used for testing, opposite to the laser emission direction. It is used to capture the image of the light spot formed by the laser on the target plane after the window is opened, or the image after the laser irradiates the target. The image acquisition card is used to transmit the image data captured by the camera to the data processing and evaluation module.

8. A method for testing and evaluating the performance of laser window penetration in multiple scenarios, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Test preparation: The laser device to be tested was deployed in a multi-scenario laser window performance testing system, and the necessary debugging and settings were completed. (2) Test parameter configuration: The configuration includes test parameters such as test distance sequence, window media type sequence, test environment parameters, and number of tests. (3) Scene switching: According to the set test parameters, the test system controls the scene configuration unit of the scene simulation module to move the laser emission platform to the first test distance and calibrates the test distance through the distance sensor; it also controls the window medium switching unit of the scene simulation module to switch the first window medium into the test optical path to ensure that the window medium is perpendicular to the laser beam. (4) Data collection: The test system controls the laser emission module to start the laser device under test and emit laser. After the laser beam passes through the window medium, the signal acquisition module starts to collect data: the objective parameter acquisition unit collects objective parameters such as laser power value, spot size, shape, and energy distribution after passing through the window, and the subjective image acquisition unit captures the spot image of the laser on the target plane after passing through the window or the image after the laser irradiates the target. (5) Repeat steps (3)-(4) to complete the test data collection for all window media at the current test distance; (6) The test system controls the scene configuration unit to move the laser emission platform to the next test distance according to the set test parameters, and repeats steps (3)-(5) until all preset test distances and window medium scenes are completed and the test data are collected. (7) Data processing and performance evaluation: The data processing unit receives multiple sets of objective parameter data and subjective image data transmitted by the signal acquisition module, preprocesses the acquired data, and performs objective and subjective perspective performance evaluation based on the set objective and subjective evaluation indicators.

9. The multi-scene laser window performance testing and evaluation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, During the test, the environmental parameter control unit monitors parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity of the test environment in real time. If the parameters deviate from the preset range, the environmental control equipment is automatically adjusted to ensure the stability of the test environment.

10. The multi-scene laser window performance testing and evaluation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The test evaluation method also includes a repeatability verification step, in which the same laser device is tested multiple times under the same test scenario, and the relative standard deviation of the test results is calculated. If the relative standard deviation is ≤5%, the test results are considered to have good repeatability; otherwise, the test is repeated.

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