A method and system for controlling the temperature of hot pressing in three-way joints

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of forming temperature control technology, and discloses a method and system for controlling the temperature of hot pressing forming of a tee. The method includes: acquiring the material information, specification information, and target forming parameters of the tee blank to be processed; determining the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage; collecting temperature information from multiple regions and the operating status information of the hot press; determining the forming status parameters; and correcting the target temperature control parameters by combining the transfer time and the cumulative number of reheating cycles, and performing hot pressing forming operations or adjustment operations accordingly. This invention achieves dynamic correction of temperature control parameters through staged cyclic control of the tee hot pressing forming process, improving the stability of the hot pressing forming process and the consistency of forming quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forming temperature control technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for controlling the temperature of a three-way hot pressing forming process. Background Technology

[0002] Tee fittings are common connectors in piping systems, widely used in petroleum, chemical, power, gas, water supply and drainage, and equipment manufacturing industries. They are mainly used to achieve the branching, convergence, or conversion between main and branch pipes. For medium-thick-walled, high-strength, or large-diameter tee fittings, hot pressing is a common processing method because it can improve material plasticity and reduce forming resistance under higher temperature conditions, and is conducive to obtaining better overall structural strength.

[0003] Existing hot pressing processes for tee fittings typically include billet heating, heat preservation, transfer, mold placement, pressing, and subsequent shaping. In actual production, to ensure forming results, it is usually necessary to pre-set corresponding process parameters based on the billet material, specifications, and target dimensions, and organize the hot pressing process accordingly. Because tee fittings undergo temperature rise, heat loss, and continuous plastic deformation during hot pressing, the thermal state of the billet changes at different processing stages. These changes directly affect material flowability, forming resistance, and final forming quality.

[0004] However, current temperature control in the hot pressing process of tees typically relies on preset process parameters, equipment settings, or on-site experience. During the transfer, mold clamping, and continuous pressing of the billet after it exits the furnace, the billet temperature is prone to fluctuations. Furthermore, the tee fitting structure itself has a main pipe area and branch pipe forming areas, and the heating and cooling conditions of different parts during forming may vary. In this situation, if temperature control cannot promptly reflect the actual thermal state during hot pressing, it can easily lead to increased fluctuations in the hot pressing process, further affecting the dimensional accuracy and forming quality stability of the parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method and system for controlling the temperature of hot pressing forming of tee fittings, which aims to solve the problem that the control accuracy of the tube blank temperature state is insufficient in the hot pressing forming process of tee fittings, resulting in poor stability of the hot pressing forming process and further affecting the consistency of the forming quality of tee fittings.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention proposes a method for controlling the temperature of hot pressing in a three-way valve, comprising: Obtain the material information, specification information, and target forming parameters of the tee blank to be processed; based on the material information and specification information, determine the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage of the hot pressing forming of the tee, wherein the forming stage includes at least the flattening stage, the pre-pressing and positioning stage, the main pressing stage, and the branch pipe pulling stage; During the current forming stage, multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press are collected; Based on the multi-region temperature information and the operating status information, the forming status parameters of the current forming stage are determined; Based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee tube blank before entering the current forming stage, the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage are corrected to obtain the target temperature control parameters. Determine whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions; if it does, control the hot press to perform the hot pressing forming operation of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameters; if it does not meet the conditions, control the tee tube blank to perform temperature adjustment operation and / or pressing adjustment operation. Repeatedly execute the following steps: collecting forming information, determining forming state parameters, correcting temperature control parameters, judging forming execution conditions, and performing hot pressing forming or adjustment operations, until the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition. After the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition, switch to the next forming stage to continue execution until all forming stages are completed and the tee tube blank reaches the target forming parameters.

[0007] Furthermore, when determining the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage of the tee hot pressing process based on the material and specification information, the following are included: Based on the material information of the tee tube blank, determine the basic heating temperature range corresponding to the material information; Based on the main pipe specifications and branch pipe specifications of the tee tube blank, determine the stage division information corresponding to the flattening stage, pre-pressing and positioning stage, main pressing stage and branch pipe pulling stage. Based on the basic heating temperature range and the stage division information, the initial target temperature range corresponding to each forming stage is determined respectively; Based on the main pipe specifications, branch pipe specifications, and target forming parameters, determine the initial pressing speed and stage termination parameters corresponding to each forming stage. The initial target temperature range, initial pressing speed, and stage termination parameters corresponding to each forming stage are used as the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage.

[0008] Furthermore, during the current forming stage, when collecting multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press, the following information is collected: Real-time temperature values ​​of multiple preset regions of the tee tube blank during the current forming stage are collected. The multiple preset regions include at least the regions at both ends of the main pipe, the middle region of the main pipe, and the region to be formed of the branch pipe. Collect real-time pressure and displacement information of the hot press during the current forming stage; By associating the real-time temperature values, real-time pressure information, and real-time displacement information with the current forming stage, the collected data corresponding to the current forming stage is obtained.

[0009] Furthermore, when determining the forming state parameters of the current forming stage based on the multi-region temperature information and the operating state information, the following steps are included: Based on the temperature distribution differences of the multiple preset regions, a temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, which characterizes the temperature uniformity of the current forming stage, is determined. Based on the corresponding change relationship between the real-time pressure information and the real-time displacement information, the forming resistance coefficient, which characterizes the change of forming resistance in the current forming stage, is determined. The temperature field non-uniformity coefficient and the forming resistance coefficient are used as forming state parameters for the current forming stage.

[0010] Further, based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee tube blank before entering the current forming stage, the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage are corrected to obtain the target temperature control parameters of the current forming stage, including: Based on the aforementioned transfer time, determine the temperature drop compensation amount for the current forming stage; Based on the cumulative number of reheating cycles, determine the temperature correction constraint conditions for the current forming stage; Based on the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, the temperature drop compensation amount, and the temperature correction constraint, the initial target temperature range of the current forming stage is corrected to obtain the target temperature range of the current forming stage. Based on the forming resistance coefficient, determine the pressing adjustment parameters for the current forming stage; The target temperature range, the pressing adjustment parameters, and the stage termination parameters corresponding to the current forming stage are used as the target temperature control parameters for the current forming stage.

[0011] Furthermore, when determining whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions, the following are included: Determine whether the multi-region temperature information meets the temperature execution conditions corresponding to the current forming stage; Determine whether the forming state parameters meet the state execution conditions corresponding to the current forming stage; When both the temperature execution condition and the state execution condition are met, the hot press is controlled to perform a unit pressing action of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameter. When at least one of the temperature execution conditions and the state execution conditions is not met, the tee tube blank is controlled to perform at least one adjustment operation among reheating, reheating, or segmented pressing. After completing the unit pressing action or the adjustment operation, determine whether the stage forming parameters of the current forming stage have reached the stage termination parameters corresponding to that stage. If the phase termination parameter corresponding to this phase is not reached, the collection of the multi-region temperature information and the operating status information will be re-executed.

[0012] Furthermore, when determining the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage of the tee hot pressing process, the following also applies: Receive remote input information on the material, specifications, and target forming parameters of the tee tube blank; Send the remote input information to the control platform; Based on the remote input information, the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage are generated.

[0013] Furthermore, during the current forming stage, when collecting multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press, it also includes: The multi-region temperature information and the operating status information are uploaded to the control platform and processed to obtain the forming status parameters corresponding to the current forming stage. The multi-region temperature information, the operating status information, and the forming status parameters are sent to the remote control terminal for display.

[0014] Furthermore, when performing hot pressing or adjustment operations based on the forming execution conditions of the current forming stage, the following are also included: Based on the results of the forming execution conditions at the current forming stage, generate corresponding control commands; The control command is sent to the heating furnace or hot press and the corresponding operation is executed. The control commands and their execution status are sent to the remote control terminal and displayed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By acquiring the material information, specification information, and target forming parameters of the tee blank to be processed, and accordingly determining the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to the flattening stage, pre-pressing and positioning stage, main pressing stage, and branch pipe drawing stage, the hot pressing forming process of the tee has a phased basic control basis; by collecting multi-region temperature information of the tee blank and the operating status information of the hot press in the current forming stage, and determining the forming state parameters of the current forming stage based on the multi-region temperature information and the operating status information, the actual thermal state and operating state of the tee blank in the current stage can be reflected; by combining the forming state parameters with the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee blank before entering the current forming stage, the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage can be adjusted. By correcting the parameters to obtain the target temperature control parameters, the control parameters of the current stage can be made more consistent with the actual forming conditions. By judging whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions, and executing hot pressing forming operation when it meets the conditions, and executing temperature adjustment operation and / or pressing adjustment operation when it does not meet the conditions, the targeting of the current stage control can be improved. By repeatedly executing forming information acquisition, forming state parameter determination, temperature control parameter correction, forming execution condition judgment and hot pressing forming operation or adjustment operation in each forming stage, and switching to the next forming stage after the stage termination condition is reached, staged cyclic control in the hot pressing forming process of tee fittings can be realized. This is beneficial to improving the control stability of the hot pressing forming process of tee fittings and improving the consistency of the forming quality of tee fittings.

[0016] On the other hand, this application also provides a three-way hot pressing forming temperature control system for implementing the above-mentioned three-way hot pressing forming temperature control method, including: The initial parameter determination module is configured to acquire the material information, specification information, and target forming parameters of the tee blank to be processed; based on the material information and specification information, determine the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage of the tee hot pressing forming, wherein the forming stage includes at least the flattening stage, the pre-pressing positioning stage, the main pressing stage, and the branch pipe pulling stage; The forming information acquisition module is configured to acquire multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press during the current forming stage. The forming state parameter determination module is configured to determine the forming state parameters of the current forming stage based on the multi-region temperature information and the operating state information. The temperature control parameter correction module is configured to correct the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee tube blank before entering the current forming stage, so as to obtain the target temperature control parameters. The forming execution control module is configured to determine whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions; if it does, it controls the hot press to perform the hot pressing forming operation of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameters; if it does not meet the conditions, it controls the tee tube blank to perform temperature adjustment operation and / or pressing adjustment operation. The stage switching termination control module is configured to repeatedly perform forming information acquisition, forming state parameter determination, temperature control parameter correction, forming execution condition judgment, and hot pressing forming operation or adjustment operation until the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition. After the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition, it switches to the next forming stage to continue execution until all forming stages are completed and the tee tube blank reaches the target forming parameters.

[0017] It is understandable that the above-mentioned three-way hot pressing forming temperature control system and method have the same beneficial effects, and will not be elaborated further here. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for controlling the temperature of a three-way hot pressing forming process provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram of a three-way hot pressing forming temperature control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] See Figure 1 As shown, this application proposes a method for controlling the temperature of a three-way hot pressing forming process, comprising: S1: Obtain the material information, specification information and target forming parameters of the tee blank to be processed; based on the material information and specification information, determine the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage of the hot pressing forming of the tee. The forming stages include at least the flattening stage, the pre-pressing and positioning stage, the main pressing stage and the branch pipe pulling stage. S2: During the current forming stage, collect multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press; S3: Based on multi-region temperature information and operating status information, determine the forming state parameters of the current forming stage; S4: Based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee tube blank before entering the current forming stage, the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage are corrected to obtain the target temperature control parameters. S5: Determine whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions; if it does, control the hot press to perform the hot pressing forming operation of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameters; if it does not meet the conditions, control the tee tube blank to perform temperature adjustment operation and / or pressing adjustment operation. S6: Repeatedly execute forming information acquisition, forming state parameter determination, temperature control parameter correction, forming execution condition judgment, and hot pressing forming operation or adjustment operation until the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition. After the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition, switch to the next forming stage to continue execution until all forming stages are completed and the tee tube blank reaches the target forming parameters.

[0021] Specifically, material information may include the material grade, material type, yield strength grade, and corresponding recommended hot working temperature range of the tube blank. Specification information may include the outer diameter of the main pipe, the wall thickness of the main pipe, the nominal size of the branch pipe, the location and length of the branch pipe opening. Target forming parameters may include the formed main pipe length, branch pipe height, branch pipe diameter, shoulder wall thickness, and port ovality control range—parameters used to characterize whether the part meets the predetermined quality requirements. After obtaining the above information, the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage of the tee hot pressing are determined based on the material and specification information. The initial temperature control parameters preferably include the initial target temperature range, initial pressing speed, and stage termination parameters for each stage. The initial target temperature range can be set according to the recommended hot working temperature range corresponding to the material grade, combined with the main pipe wall thickness, branch pipe specifications, and the deformation amount of that stage. For example, for the main pressing stage and the branch pipe pulling stage, which have large deformation amounts, the initial target temperature range can be higher than that of the flattening stage and the pre-pressing positioning stage. The initial pressing speed can be determined based on the equipment's rated capacity, the material's high-temperature plasticity, and the parameters of each stage. The deformation rate can be determined, and the stage termination parameters can be set according to the expected geometric change in each stage. For example, the flattening stage can use the flattening height or the mold closing displacement as the stage termination parameter; the pre-pressing and positioning stage can use the predetermined pre-pressing displacement or the initial bulge formation amount as the stage termination parameter; the main pressing stage can use the branch pipe area forming height, the mold pressing displacement, or the forming pressure reaching the preset range as the stage termination parameter; and the branch pipe pulling stage can use the final branch pipe height, the branch pipe opening size, or the corresponding displacement endpoint as the stage termination parameter. In the current forming stage, the multi-region temperature information of the tee pipe blank and the operating status information of the hot press are collected. The multi-region temperature information refers to the information that can reflect the thermal state differences of different parts of the tee pipe blank. Preferably, it includes at least the real-time temperature values ​​of the two ends of the main pipe, the middle area of ​​the main pipe, and the branch pipe forming area, so as to reflect the temperature distribution differences between the main pipe body and the branch pipe forming area. The operating status information includes at least the current real-time pressure information and real-time displacement information of the hot press. If necessary, it can also include displacement speed, holding time, or mold opening and closing status information.Subsequently, based on multi-region temperature information and operating status information, the forming state parameters for the current forming stage are determined. These parameters can include at least a temperature field non-uniformity coefficient characterizing the temperature distribution and a forming resistance coefficient characterizing the material's resistance to compressive deformation in the current stage. The temperature field non-uniformity coefficient can be determined based on the degree of difference between real-time temperature values ​​in multiple preset regions. For example, it can be characterized by the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures, the ratio of the temperature range to the average temperature, or the ratio of the temperature standard deviation to the median target temperature. The specific calculation method used only needs to effectively reflect the uniformity of the temperature distribution across multiple regions. The forming resistance coefficient can be determined based on the corresponding relationship between real-time pressure information and real-time displacement information. For example, it can be characterized by the pressure increment corresponding to a unit displacement, the ratio of the pressure change to the displacement change at adjacent sampling times, or the change in the slope of the pressure curve within a preset sampling window. After obtaining the forming state parameters, the initial temperature control parameters for the current forming stage are corrected based on the forming state parameters, the transfer time before the tee tube blank enters the current forming stage, and the cumulative number of reheating cycles. The target temperature control parameters are then obtained. The transfer time refers to the time since the tube blank entered the previous heating stage or the previous stage... The time from the end of the current stage to the effective pressing position is mainly used to characterize the degree of heat loss. It can be automatically obtained through the action time of the transfer mechanism, the difference in infrared temperature measurement timestamps, or the time recorded by the equipment control system. The cumulative number of reheating times refers to the number of reheating or reheating cycles that have occurred before entering the current stage. It is mainly used to constrain the adverse effects of excessive reheating on the material structure and surface quality. Therefore, the two have different functions. Preferably, the temperature drop compensation amount can be determined based on the transfer time. For example, the longer the transfer time, the greater the temperature compensation applied based on the initial target temperature range of this stage. This compensation amount can be determined according to... Based on historical trial production data, heat loss measurement results, or empirical calibration curves, if prior data is lacking, it can be estimated first based on the temperature drop per unit time. For example, the corresponding temperature compensation value can be increased for each extension of the preset time, and then corrected during the trial production process. At the same time, the temperature correction constraint is determined based on the cumulative number of reheating times. This constraint can be expressed as the upper limit of the maximum allowable reheating temperature, the maximum allowable holding time, or the threshold of the allowable number of reheating times. For example, after the cumulative number of reheating times reaches the predetermined number, the upper limit of the target temperature range is limited to no longer increase, or the holding time is shortened to avoid fluctuations in material properties due to repeated heating.Based on this, the initial target temperature range for the current stage is corrected according to the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, temperature drop compensation, and temperature correction constraints to obtain the target temperature range. Then, the pressing adjustment parameters are determined based on the forming resistance coefficient. These parameters may include the actual pressing speed, segmented pressing method, displacement per unit pressing action, or holding cycle time used in this stage. Generally, when the forming resistance coefficient is high, it indicates that the current material flow resistance is too high, and the pressing speed can be reduced, the displacement per unit pressing action decreased, or segmented pressing can be switched. When the forming resistance coefficient is within the normal range, the initial pressing speed is maintained or a small correction is made according to preset rules. Subsequently, it is determined whether the current forming stage meets the requirements. The corresponding forming execution conditions refer to the preconditions that allow entry into this round of pressing action. Preferably, these include at least temperature execution conditions and state execution conditions. Temperature execution conditions mean that the real-time temperature of multiple preset areas should be within the target temperature range. If necessary, the temperature of the branch pipe to be formed area can also be required not to be lower than the lower limit of the target temperature range for that stage. State execution conditions mean that the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient does not exceed a preset uniformity threshold and the forming resistance coefficient is within a preset allowable range. The above thresholds or allowable ranges are preferably determined through material testing, equipment debugging data, and statistical results of multiple batches of trial production. For example, historical sample data that meets the forming quality requirements can be selected to extract the temperature difference range and pressure-displacement of the corresponding stage. The range of variation and threshold are determined. If the initial sample size is insufficient, an initial value can be set based on process experience and then corrected through trial production. If the forming execution conditions are met, the hot press is controlled to perform the hot pressing operation of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameters. Preferably, one unit pressing action is performed, that is, only one predetermined displacement or one preset pressing cycle is performed in this control cycle, so as to continue to collect the latest status data and perform closed-loop adjustment in the next control cycle. The displacement or cycle of the unit pressing action is determined according to the pressing adjustment parameters. If the conditions are not met, the tee tube blank is controlled to perform temperature adjustment operation and / or pressing adjustment operation. The temperature adjustment operation may include reheating, reheating, and extending the heat preservation. While waiting for the temperature to equalize, the pressing and adjustment operations may include pausing pressing, reducing pressing speed, reducing the single pressing stroke, or switching to segmented pressing. After completing the above hot pressing forming operations or adjustment operations, the system re-enters the next control cycle and repeats the forming information acquisition, forming state parameter determination, temperature control parameter correction, forming execution condition judgment, and hot pressing forming operations or adjustment operations until the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination parameter. The stage termination parameter refers to the end criterion that the current stage has completed the predetermined forming task. It is different from the aforementioned forming execution conditions. The former is used to determine whether the current stage has ended, while the latter is used to determine whether the pressing action is allowed in this round. The two are logically independent of each other.Once the current forming stage reaches its corresponding termination parameter, the process switches to the next forming stage and continues until the flattening stage, pre-pressing and positioning stage, main pressing stage, and branch pipe pulling stage are all completed, and the actual forming parameters of the tee tube blank reach the preset target forming parameters, thus completing the tee hot pressing forming process.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, when determining the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage of the hot pressing of the tee, based on material information and specification information, the following methods are included: Based on the material information of the tee tube blank, determine the basic heating temperature range corresponding to the material information; Based on the main pipe and branch pipe specifications of the tee pipe blank, determine the corresponding stage division information for the flattening stage, pre-pressing and positioning stage, main pressing stage and branch pipe pulling stage. Based on the basic heating temperature range and stage division information, the initial target temperature range corresponding to each forming stage is determined respectively; Based on the main pipe specifications, branch pipe specifications, and target forming parameters, determine the initial pressing speed and stage termination parameters for each forming stage. The initial target temperature range, initial pressing speed, and stage termination parameters corresponding to each forming stage are used as the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage.

[0023] Specifically, when determining the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage of the tee hot pressing process, the material and specification information of the tee blank to be processed can be read first. The material information may include the material grade, material type, yield strength grade, recommended hot working temperature range, and corresponding high-temperature plasticity characteristics. The specification information may include the outer diameter of the main pipe, the wall thickness of the main pipe, the nominal size of the branch pipe, the size of the connection between the branch pipe and the main pipe, and the original length of the blank. When determining the basic heating temperature range corresponding to the material information based on the material information of the tee blank, it is preferable to call the recommended hot working temperature range of the corresponding material grade from the pre-established material process database. In this context, the data in the materials and processes database can originate from materials handbooks, production process specifications, historical trial production results, or verified process parameter tables. For example, for materials with good plasticity and a wide hot working window, a wider basic heating temperature range can be used; for materials with high strength or high temperature sensitivity, a narrower basic heating temperature range can be used. Based on this, according to the main pipe and branch pipe specifications of the tee tube blank, the stage division information corresponding to the flattening stage, pre-pressing and positioning stage, main pressing stage, and branch pipe drawing stage is determined. The stage division information can be understood as a set of stage parameters used to characterize the processing tasks, deformation degree, and control focus of each forming stage. The process can include the target deformation location, expected deformation amount, priority control area, and stage sequence for each stage. For example, the flattening stage mainly targets the initial deformation of the main pipe's local area; the pre-compression positioning stage is mainly used to form the initial geometric basis for subsequent branch pipe forming; the main compression stage is mainly used for large deformation plastic forming of the branch pipe area; and the branch pipe pulling stage is mainly used for further pulling out and final shape control of the branch pipe. When determining the initial target temperature range for each forming stage based on the base heating temperature range and stage division information, different stage temperature zones can be allocated within the base heating temperature range, taking into account the deformation difficulty and thermal state requirements of each stage. In general, for the main pressing stage and the branch tube pulling stage, which have larger deformation and higher material flow requirements, the initial target temperature range can be set relatively close to the middle and upper part of the basic heating temperature range. The initial target temperature range for the flattening stage and the pre-pressing and positioning stage can be set to a relatively flat range within the basic heating temperature range. The upper and lower limits of the initial target temperature range can be obtained based on the temperature distribution statistics of qualified samples in historical trial production. If there is a lack of sample data in the early stage, it can also be divided proportionally according to the upper and lower limits of the basic heating temperature range, for example, by allocating different temperature margins according to the deformation difficulty of each stage, and then corrected through trial production.Based on the main pipe specifications, branch pipe specifications, and target forming parameters, the initial pressing speed and stage termination parameters for each forming stage are determined. The initial pressing speed mainly reflects the initial cycle time of the hot press performing the pressing action in the corresponding stage. It can be comprehensively determined based on the high-temperature plasticity of the material, the wall thickness of the main pipe, the size of the branch pipe, the rated load of the equipment, and the target deformation rate. For example, if the wall thickness of the main pipe is large, the size of the branch pipe is large, or the deformation resistance in the main pressing stage is high, the initial pressing speed can be appropriately reduced to avoid excessive deformation per unit time leading to local instability. The stage termination parameters are used to determine when each forming stage ends. They should match the forming target of the corresponding stage. For example, the stage termination parameter for the flattening stage can be the target height after flattening, the mold closing displacement, or the local cross-sectional shape reaching a preset value. The stage termination parameter for the pre-pressing and positioning stage can be... The termination parameters can be pre-pressure displacement, initial bulge height, or the pre-forming amount of the branch pipe area reaching a set value. The termination parameters for the main pressing stage can be the forming height of the branch pipe area, the die pressing depth, the forming pressure entering a stable range, or the key contour dimensions reaching a preset range. The termination parameters for the branch pipe pulling stage can be the final branch pipe height, branch pipe diameter, branch pipe length, or the terminal displacement reaching a target value. The values ​​of these termination parameters can be derived from the target forming parameters, or determined from product drawing dimensions, die structure dimensions, process trial production records, or equipment calibration data. Finally, the initial target temperature range, initial pressing speed, and termination parameters corresponding to each forming stage are associated and stored, serving as the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage, for subsequent real-time correction and execution control within the corresponding forming stage.

[0024] In some embodiments of this application, when collecting multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press during the current forming stage, the process includes: Collect real-time temperature values ​​of multiple preset areas of the tee tube blank at the current forming stage. The multiple preset areas include at least the areas at both ends of the main pipe, the middle area of ​​the main pipe, and the area to be formed of the branch pipe. Collect real-time pressure and displacement information of the hot press during the current forming stage; By associating the real-time temperature values, real-time pressure information, and real-time displacement information with the current forming stage, the collected data corresponding to the current forming stage can be obtained.

[0025] Specifically, when collecting multi-region temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press during the current forming stage, temperature acquisition devices located at the heating discharge position, near the hot press mold, or at the hot press forming station can acquire real-time temperature values ​​of multiple preset regions of the tee tube blank. These preset regions are monitoring areas pre-defined to reflect the differences in thermal state of different parts of the tee tube blank during the current forming stage, and at least include the areas at both ends of the main pipe, the middle area of ​​the main pipe, and the area to be formed of the branch pipe. The areas at both ends of the main pipe are mainly used to reflect the heat dissipation generated after the tube blank comes into contact with the external environment during transfer, clamping, and pressing. The middle area of ​​the main pipe is mainly used to reflect the overall thermal state of the main pipe body, while the area to be formed of the branch pipe is... The temperature state of critical areas where significant plastic deformation occurs subsequently directly affects material flowability and branch pipe forming quality, and therefore is usually prioritized for monitoring. In specific layout, each preset area can correspond to one or multiple temperature measurement points. If multiple temperature measurement points are used, the average, maximum, minimum, or a representative value calculated according to preset weights can be taken as the real-time temperature value of that area. Preferably, to ensure the comparability of the collected results, the installation position or field of view of each temperature measurement point should be pre-calibrated during the equipment debugging phase and kept consistent in subsequent batch processing. The temperature acquisition device can be an infrared thermometer, thermocouple, thermal imaging equipment, or other sensors capable of acquiring the surface temperature of high-temperature workpieces. If infrared thermometry is used, it is preferable to pre-set the emissivity parameters based on the billet material and surface condition to reduce measurement errors. Simultaneously, real-time pressure and displacement information of the hot press during the current forming stage should be collected. Real-time pressure information can be obtained from pressure sensors, hydraulic system detection units, or press load detection units, characterizing the stress applied to the tee billet by the hot press during the current pressing process. Real-time displacement information can be obtained from displacement sensors, encoders, or slider stroke detection devices, characterizing the current pressing stroke, die closure degree, and deformation propulsion. If necessary, the sampling timestamps corresponding to pressure and displacement can also be recorded simultaneously to ensure a one-to-one correspondence between the two in subsequent analysis. To ensure the accuracy of the collected data... To accurately reflect the current forming stage, it is preferable to pre-set stage switching identification rules in the system. That is, when entering the flattening stage, pre-pressing and positioning stage, main pressing stage, and branch pipe pulling stage, a stage identifier is added to the data corresponding to the acquisition channel, or the data is automatically assigned according to the stage start and end time window. This associates each real-time temperature value, real-time pressure information, and real-time displacement information with the current forming stage, and obtains the acquisition data corresponding to the current forming stage. Association can be understood as a combined dataset of temperature values, pressure values, and displacement values ​​collected from multiple areas within the same stage and the same control cycle after time synchronization and stage marking, so that the forming state parameters can be further determined based on the actual thermal state and stress state of the stage.In some implementations, the data sampling period can be set according to the hot pressing cycle. For example, the sampling period can be shortened when the pressing action is fast, and appropriately extended during the heat preservation or pause pressing stages. The initial setting value of the sampling period can be determined based on the equipment response speed, sensor refresh frequency, and process control accuracy requirements. For example, it can be selected after comparing the data fluctuation and control effect under different sampling periods through multiple trials, so as to ensure that the collected data can accurately reflect the state changes of the current forming stage, without causing lag in state judgment due to sparse sampling, or causing excessive redundant data due to excessive sampling.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, determining the forming state parameters of the current forming stage based on multi-region temperature information and operating status information includes: Based on the temperature distribution differences in multiple preset regions, the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, which characterizes the temperature uniformity of the current forming stage, is determined. Based on the corresponding change relationship between real-time pressure information and real-time displacement information, the forming resistance coefficient, which characterizes the change of forming resistance in the current forming stage, is determined. The temperature field non-uniformity coefficient and the forming resistance coefficient are used as forming state parameters for the current forming stage.

[0027] Specifically, when determining the forming state parameters of the current forming stage based on multi-region temperature information and operating status information, the current forming process can be characterized from two dimensions: temperature distribution state and stress-deformation state. The temperature distribution state mainly reflects the thermal uniformity between different regions of the tee tube blank in the current forming stage, while the stress-deformation state mainly reflects the change in deformation resistance of the material during the pressing process. Specifically, the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, which characterizes the temperature uniformity of the current forming stage, can be determined based on the temperature distribution differences of multiple preset regions. The temperature distribution differences can be calculated based on the real-time temperature values ​​corresponding to the two ends of the main pipe, the middle region of the main pipe, and the branch pipe to be formed region. For example, the real-time temperature of each region can be used. The difference between the highest and lowest values ​​is taken as the temperature range. The temperature range is then compared to the median of the initial target temperature range or the average temperature of each region in the current forming stage to obtain the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient. In other embodiments, the temperature standard deviation, the ratio of the maximum temperature difference to the median target temperature, or the weighted temperature difference value can also be used to characterize the temperature uniformity, as long as it can accurately reflect the dispersion of the temperature distribution in multiple regions during the current forming stage. Preferably, the larger the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, the more obvious the temperature difference between regions of the tee tube blank in the current stage, the more uneven the local thermal state, and the more detrimental it is to the consistency of material flow during subsequent pressing. Simultaneously, the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient can be determined based on the corresponding changes in real-time pressure information and real-time displacement information. The forming resistance coefficient, which characterizes the change in forming resistance during the current forming stage, corresponds to the matching relationship between pressure and displacement changes within the same or adjacent sampling periods. For example, the forming resistance coefficient can be determined by calculating the ratio of pressure increment to displacement increment between adjacent sampling points, the pressure increase per unit displacement, or the slope change of the pressure-displacement curve within a preset sampling window. A large forming resistance coefficient generally indicates a rapid increase in pressure required for unit displacement propulsion, suggesting significant material flow resistance or difficulty in local deformation at the current stage. A small forming resistance coefficient indicates relatively stable plastic flow of the material at the current stage. To improve the stability of parameter calculations, in practical applications... Real-time pressure and displacement information can be filtered, denoised, or averaged before the forming resistance coefficient is calculated. The filtering or sampling window can be determined based on the hot press cycle, sensor sampling frequency, and process response requirements. For example, several consecutive sampling points can be selected to form a calculation window to reduce the impact of single-point fluctuations on the results. After obtaining the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient and the forming resistance coefficient, they can be used together as forming state parameters for the current forming stage. The former characterizes the temperature distribution state of the current stage, and the latter characterizes the stress deformation state of the current stage, thus providing a basis for subsequent correction of temperature control parameters and for judging whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, when correcting the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee tube blank before entering the current forming stage, to obtain the target temperature control parameters of the current forming stage, the following steps are taken: Determine the temperature drop compensation amount for the current forming stage based on the transfer time; Based on the cumulative number of reheating cycles, determine the temperature correction constraints for the current forming stage; Based on the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, temperature drop compensation amount, and temperature correction constraint, the initial target temperature range of the current forming stage is corrected to obtain the target temperature range of the current forming stage. Determine the pressing adjustment parameters for the current forming stage based on the forming resistance coefficient; The target temperature range, pressing adjustment parameters, and the stage termination parameters corresponding to the current forming stage are used as the target temperature control parameters for the current forming stage.

[0029] Specifically, when correcting the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times before the tee tube blank enters the current forming stage, the factors affecting the forming state of the current stage can be classified into heat loss factors, repeated heating constraint factors, and instant forming resistance factors, and the temperature control and pressing control parts can be corrected accordingly. The transfer time refers to the length of time that the tee tube blank takes from the end of the previous heating, the end of the previous stage, or the end of the most recent reheating to the effective pressing position of entering the current forming stage. It can be automatically obtained through the timestamp difference recorded by the control system, the start and end time of the transfer mechanism's action, or the tube blank arrival detection signal. The longer the transfer time, the more heat is lost during the transfer and pressing process of the tube blank. Therefore, the temperature drop compensation amount for the current forming stage can be determined based on the transfer time. Preferably, the surface temperature drop pattern of different materials and specifications of tee tube blanks under different transfer times can be determined in advance through trial production to establish a correspondence table, empirical curve, or fitting model between transfer time and temperature drop compensation amount. For example, it can be estimated based on the average temperature drop per unit time. When the transfer time exceeds the preset reference time, the temperature drop compensation amount is determined by multiplying the excess time by the temperature drop coefficient per unit time. The temperature drop coefficient per unit time can be calibrated based on the temperature measurement results of tube blanks of the same material and similar specifications in historical trial production. If sufficient data has not been accumulated in the early stage, it can also be determined based on... Initial values ​​are set based on on-site process experience, such as increasing the corresponding temperature compensation value for each additional second, and then gradually corrected based on trial production data. Meanwhile, the cumulative reheating count refers to the cumulative number of times the tee tube blank has undergone reheating or reflow from initial heating until entering the current forming stage. This parameter is mainly used to constrain the potential for microstructure fluctuations, increased surface oxidation, or localized overheating risks caused by repeated heating. Therefore, the temperature correction constraints for the current forming stage can be determined based on the cumulative reheating count. These constraints can be specifically expressed as the maximum allowable increase in the target temperature range, the maximum holding time, the maximum duration of a single reheating cycle, or the maximum number of reheating cycles allowed in the current stage. For example, the cumulative reheating count can be... The number of reheating cycles is divided into low reheating, medium reheating, and high reheating intervals. When the cumulative number of reheating cycles is in the low reheating interval, the target temperature range can be increased normally according to the temperature drop compensation. When the cumulative number of reheating cycles is in the medium reheating interval, the increase in the upper limit of the target temperature range is limited. When the cumulative number of reheating cycles is in the high reheating interval, the upper limit of the target temperature range is limited. It is preferable to maintain the forming stability by extending the short-term heat preservation, reducing the pressing cycle, or segmented pressing. The above interval division thresholds can be determined based on the test data of the material's resistance to repeated thermal cycles, production specifications, or statistical results of multiple batches of trial production. If there are no clear specifications, the preset number of reheating cycles can be used as an empirical threshold and corrected after production verification.After obtaining the temperature drop compensation and temperature correction constraints, the initial target temperature range for the current forming stage can be corrected based on the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, temperature drop compensation, and temperature correction constraints to obtain the target temperature range for the current forming stage. The temperature field non-uniformity coefficient mainly reflects the consistency of temperature distribution in multiple regions at the current stage. When the coefficient is within the preset uniform range, it indicates that the temperature distribution in each region meets the equilibrium requirement, and the correction of the target temperature range can be mainly based on the temperature drop compensation. When the coefficient exceeds the preset uniform range, it indicates that there is a significant temperature difference between the two ends of the main pipe, the middle of the main pipe, and the branch pipe to be formed area. In this case, in addition to considering temperature drop compensation... In addition, a uniformity correction rule should be added to the temperature correction process. This could include appropriately raising the lower limit of the target temperature range, narrowing the target temperature range width, extending the temperature uniformity holding time, or prioritizing ensuring that the temperature of the branch pipe's forming area reaches the predetermined requirements. This is to avoid situations where the average temperature requirement is met but the temperature in some local areas is still insufficient. The preferred correction rule for the target temperature range is to add a temperature drop compensation amount to the initial target temperature range, subject to temperature correction constraints. That is, the temperature drop compensation amount is used to correct the baseline level of the target temperature range, and the temperature correction constraints are used to limit the upper and lower limits or the range width after correction, preventing overheating due to excessive compensation. For example, the corrected target temperature... The lower limit of the range is set as the lower limit of the initial target temperature range plus the temperature drop compensation amount. The upper limit of the corrected target temperature range is set as the upper limit of the initial target temperature range plus the temperature drop compensation amount. However, when the corrected upper limit exceeds the allowable upper limit corresponding to the temperature correction constraint, the aforementioned allowable upper limit is used as the final upper limit. Simultaneously, based on the forming resistance coefficient, the pressing adjustment parameters for the current forming stage are determined. These pressing adjustment parameters mainly characterize the adjustment strategy of the hot press during the pressing action in the current stage. They may include parameters such as pressing speed, single-unit pressing displacement, holding pressure cycle time, pause pressing duration, and whether to switch to segmented pressing. When the forming resistance coefficient exceeds the preset resistance threshold, typically... This indicates that the plastic flow resistance of the material is too high at the current stage. To avoid excessive local deformation, abnormal equipment load, or increased defects in the parts during the pressing process, the pressing speed can be reduced, the single unit pressing displacement can be reduced, or segmented pressing can be switched. When the forming resistance coefficient is within the preset normal range, the initial pressing speed can be maintained or only adjusted according to the preset correction rules. The grading range of the forming resistance coefficient can be set based on the pressure-displacement test curve, equipment debugging data, and historical samples corresponding to qualified parts. For example, the statistical range of the resistance coefficient when the forming is stable can be used as the normal range, and the part higher than this range can be set as the speed limit or segmented pressing trigger range.Ultimately, the target temperature range, pressing adjustment parameters, and the stage termination parameters corresponding to the current forming stage are collectively used as the target temperature control parameters for the current forming stage. The stage termination parameters typically retain the pre-determined stage termination criteria for the current stage and are only invoked in subsequent stage switching decisions. They are not involved in the calculation of temperature compensation and pressing adjustment amounts. This ensures that the target temperature control parameters for the current stage reflect the real-time thermal and stress states, while also guaranteeing the stability of the stage termination judgment criteria.

[0030] In some embodiments of this application, determining whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions includes: Determine whether the temperature information of multiple regions meets the temperature execution conditions corresponding to the current forming stage; Determine whether the forming state parameters meet the state execution conditions corresponding to the current forming stage; When both the temperature execution condition and the state execution condition are met, the hot press is controlled to perform one unit pressing action of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameters. If at least one of the temperature execution conditions and the state execution conditions is not met, control the tee tube blank to perform at least one of the following adjustment operations: reheating, reheating, or segmented pressing. After completing the unit pressing action or adjustment operation, determine whether the stage forming parameters of the current forming stage have reached the corresponding stage termination parameters. If the phase termination parameters corresponding to this phase are not reached, the collection of multi-region temperature information and operating status information will be re-executed.

[0031] Specifically, when determining whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions, the forming execution conditions can be divided into two parts: temperature execution conditions and state execution conditions. Preferably, the order is "first determine whether the temperature meets the basic pressing requirements, then determine whether the current forming state meets the pressing stability requirements." The temperature execution conditions are used to determine whether the tee tube blank has the thermal state basis to enter this round of pressing in the current forming stage. The state execution conditions are used to determine whether the tee tube blank has the deformation stability basis to enter this round of pressing in the current forming stage. Specifically, when determining whether the temperature information of multiple regions meets the temperature execution conditions corresponding to the current forming stage, the real-time temperature values ​​corresponding to the two ends of the main pipe, the middle region of the main pipe, and the branch pipe to be formed region can be compared with the target temperature range in the target temperature control parameters corresponding to the current forming stage. When the real-time temperature values ​​of each preset region fall within the target temperature range, it can be determined that the temperature execution conditions are met. In some embodiments, hierarchical judgment rules can also be set according to the importance of the region. For example, the branch pipe to be formed region can be set as a key temperature monitoring region, requiring that the real-time temperature of this region must be within the target temperature range. The deviation between the real-time temperature at both ends and the middle of the main tube and the target temperature range shall not exceed the preset allowable deviation. The preset allowable deviation can be determined based on the forming stable temperature range corresponding to different materials during the trial production process, thermal imaging acquisition results, or statistical results of multi-region temperature distribution corresponding to historical qualified parts. For example, the temperature deviation range of each region before each stage of pressing of multiple batches of qualified parts can be statistically analyzed, and the deviation range covering the main qualified samples can be used as the allowable deviation range. At the same time, when judging whether the forming state parameters meet the state execution conditions corresponding to the current forming stage, it can be judged whether the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient is within the preset uniformity threshold range and whether the forming resistance coefficient is within the preset resistance allowable range. The preset uniformity threshold range can be determined based on the forming quality results under different temperature difference distribution states during the trial production process. It is preferable to select the statistical range of temperature field non-uniformity coefficient in historical samples that meet the forming quality requirements as the threshold setting basis. The preset resistance allowable range can be determined based on the change range of the pressure-displacement curve under the stable forming state. For example, by extracting the relationship between the pressure increment and displacement increment of qualified samples in the corresponding stage, the allowable range of forming resistance coefficient can be established.When both temperature and state execution conditions are met, it indicates that the tee tube blank in the current stage meets the pressing requirements of this round in terms of both thermal and stress states. At this time, the hot press is controlled to execute a unit pressing action of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameters. A unit pressing action refers to a single limited pressing behavior executed within a control cycle, which can be expressed as a fixed pressing displacement, a fixed pressing time, a fixed pressing cycle, or a corresponding single segmented pressing step size. Preferably, the parameter values ​​of the unit pressing action can be determined based on the process requirements of the current forming stage, the equipment response capability, and historical trial production results. For example, a unit pressing action with a shorter displacement step size can be used in the flattening stage. During the pressing action, in the main pressing stage and the branch pipe pulling stage, a unit pressing displacement or unit pressing cycle corresponding to the branch pipe forming advance amount can be adopted so that the state data can be re-acquired and closed-loop correction can be performed after each unit pressing action. If at least one of the temperature execution conditions and state execution conditions is not met, the current round of unit pressing action will not be entered. Instead, the tee billet will be controlled to perform at least one adjustment operation of reheating, reheating, or segmented pressing. If the unmet condition corresponds to the temperature execution condition, such as the temperature of the branch pipe to be formed area is lower than the lower limit of the target temperature range, or the real-time temperature of multiple preset areas fails to enter the target temperature range at the same time, then reheating and reheating can be performed first. The process involves warming the tee tube blank to restore its temperature to the target temperature control range. If the conditions corresponding to the specified conditions are not met, such as the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient exceeding the preset uniformity threshold or the forming resistance coefficient exceeding the preset allowable resistance range, then segmented pressing, pausing pressing and waiting for temperature equalization, reducing the single pressing step size, or adjusting the pressing cycle can be prioritized. In some implementations, adjustment priority rules can be established based on the type of non-met condition, such as prioritizing temperature anomalies before addressing resistance anomalies, or directly switching to segmented pressing mode when the temperature condition is met but the resistance condition is not, to reduce the impact on the overall forming cycle. After the pressing action or adjustment operation, it is further determined whether the stage forming parameters of the current forming stage have reached the corresponding stage termination parameters. The stage forming parameters refer to the parameters used to reflect the degree of forming completed in the current stage. These parameters may include the current pressing displacement, the current branch pipe height, the current flattening height, the current mold closing position, the current local contour dimensions, or the current pressure stability parameters. The specific parameter(s) used can be determined according to the forming objectives of each stage. The stage termination parameters are the end criteria that are preset before the start of the corresponding stage. They can be derived from the product drawing dimensions, mold structure stroke, the corresponding measurement values ​​of the qualified trial parts, or the equipment calibration values.For example, during the flattening stage, it can be determined whether the current flattening height has reached the preset termination height; during the pre-pressing and positioning stage, it can be determined whether the predetermined displacement or pre-forming bulge amount has reached the set value; during the main pressing stage, it can be determined whether the forming height or key pressing displacement of the branch pipe area has reached the corresponding endpoint; during the branch pipe pulling stage, it can be determined whether the final branch pipe height, branch pipe length, or terminal displacement has reached the target value. When the stage forming parameter reaches the corresponding stage termination parameter, the current forming stage can be determined to be over, and the process can switch to the next forming stage. If the corresponding stage termination parameter is not reached, the collection of multi-region temperature information and operating status information is re-executed, thus entering the next control cycle, continuing to judge the forming execution conditions, execute unit pressing actions, or adjust operations until the current stage is completed. This achieves closed-loop control based on real-time temperature and operating status within the current forming stage.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, when determining the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage of the tee hot pressing forming, the method further includes: Receive remote input information on the material, specifications, and target forming parameters of the tee tube blank; Send remote input information to the control platform; Based on remote input information, the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage are generated.

[0033] Specifically, when determining the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage of the tee hot pressing process, a remote input and platform processing mechanism can be introduced to improve the centralization and standardization of process parameter configuration. Receiving remote input information on the material, specifications, and target forming parameters of the tee blank refers to the operator being able to input or retrieve basic process information corresponding to the currently processed tee blank via a remote control terminal. The remote control terminal can be an industrial control host computer, a touch screen terminal, a workshop scheduling terminal, or a mobile terminal connected to the control platform. Remote input information can include material grade, main pipe outer diameter, main pipe wall thickness, branch pipe specifications, target branch pipe height, target main pipe length, and the corresponding product model number. Preferably, remote input information is not entirely entered manually item by item. It can also be obtained automatically by scanning work order codes, reading production task sheets, calling historical process files, or from the manufacturing execution system to reduce manual input errors. After receiving the remote input information, it is sent to the control platform. The control platform can be an industrial control server, PLC collaborative control unit, or process control host with data processing capabilities deployed at the production line control layer or workshop management layer. Its main function is to uniformly verify, match parameters, and calculate rules for the input basic process information. During the transmission process, it is preferable to format and encapsulate the remote input information and verify the integrity of its fields, such as verifying whether the material information matches the data. The system checks for specification information matching, whether the target forming parameters are within the equipment's allowable processing range, and whether there are any missing or outlier values ​​in the input fields. If any items are missing or exceed limits, a prompt message is generated and the system returns to the remote control terminal for correction. After receiving the verified remote input information, the control platform generates initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage. This generation process includes three steps: process parameter matching, stage parameter allocation, and initial control value output. Specifically, it first calls the basic heating temperature range corresponding to the material based on the material information, then determines the parameter allocation rules for the flattening stage, pre-pressing and positioning stage, main pressing stage, and branch pipe pulling stage based on the main pipe and branch pipe specifications, and then combines the target forming parameters with the output parameters. The forming parameters are calculated or matched to the initial target temperature range, initial pressing speed and stage termination parameters corresponding to each forming stage. The control platform can pre-store a process parameter database and a parameter generation rule library. The process parameter database can be derived from material manuals, trial production process records, historical process data corresponding to qualified products and equipment debugging results. The parameter generation rule library can be established based on the process adaptation relationship under different materials, different main pipe specifications and different branch pipe specifications. For example, under the same material conditions, if the wall thickness of the main pipe increases, the initial target temperature range and initial pressing speed of the main pressing stage and the branch pipe pulling stage can be adjusted according to preset rules. If the branch pipe specifications change, the stage termination parameters of the corresponding stage can be adjusted synchronously.In some implementations, after generating the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage, the control platform can also provide a visual output of the generation results or a parameter confirmation interface for remote control terminal to review and confirm. The confirmed initial temperature control parameters then enter the execution flow of subsequent forming stages, thus ensuring that the initial parameter determination process for each forming stage of the tee hot pressing has a clear data source, unified generation logic, and a traceable parameter formation path.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, when collecting multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press during the current forming stage, the method further includes: The temperature information and operating status information of multiple regions are uploaded to the control platform and processed to obtain the forming status parameters corresponding to the current forming stage. The system sends multi-zone temperature information, operating status information, and forming status parameters to a remote control terminal for display.

[0035] Specifically, during the current forming stage, after collecting multi-region temperature information and hot press operating status information of the tee tube blank, the multi-region temperature information and operating status information can be uploaded to the control platform to achieve centralized processing and remote monitoring of the process status of the current forming stage. Uploading can be understood as packaging the real-time temperature values ​​corresponding to the two ends of the main pipe, the middle area of ​​the main pipe, and the branch pipe to be formed area, as well as the real-time pressure and displacement information of the hot press according to the preset data format and sending them to the control platform. Preferably, the sampling timestamp, equipment number, current forming stage identifier, and current control cycle identifier are also added during packaging to ensure that various types of data within the same stage and the same control cycle can be processed in subsequent processing. Data synchronization and matching are performed. The control platform can be a production line control server, an industrial control host, or a higher-level control unit with data processing capabilities. After receiving temperature information and operating status information from multiple regions, it can first preprocess the raw data. Preprocessing can include outlier removal, missing value completion, time alignment, signal filtering, and stage classification. Outlier removal refers to removing abrupt changes in data that significantly deviate from the current operating condition range. Missing value completion can be achieved using the most recent valid sampled value, interpolation results from adjacent sampled points, or preset default values. Time alignment refers to associating temperature, pressure, and displacement data within the same control cycle according to the sampling timestamp. Signal filtering can employ moving average, amplitude limiting filtering, or median filtering. Methods such as wave analysis are used to reduce the impact of instantaneous fluctuations on subsequent judgment results. Stage classification refers to classifying the received data into the corresponding stage among the flattening stage, pre-pressing and positioning stage, main pressing stage, or branch tube extraction stage based on the current forming stage identifier. After preprocessing, the control platform can process multi-region temperature information and operating status information to obtain the forming state parameters corresponding to the current forming stage. The processing can include determining the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient based on the temperature distribution differences of multiple preset regions, and determining the forming resistance coefficient based on the corresponding changes of real-time pressure information and real-time displacement information. If necessary, the calculation results of the current sampling period can also be comprehensively analyzed with the results of several previous sampling periods to suppress... Misjudgment caused by fluctuations at a single sampling point; after obtaining the forming state parameters corresponding to the current forming stage, the temperature information, operating status information and forming state parameters of multiple regions can be sent to the remote control terminal for display. The remote control terminal can be an industrial host computer, workshop scheduling terminal, monitoring display terminal or a mobile terminal that communicates with the control platform. The display can adopt numerical display, curve display, table display or graphical interface display. For example, the display interface can display the real-time temperature values ​​of the two ends of the main pipe, the middle area of ​​the main pipe and the forming area of ​​the branch pipe, the current real-time pressure value and real-time displacement value of the hot press, and simultaneously display the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient and forming resistance coefficient processed by the control platform.In some implementations, status prompts can be added to the displayed content. For example, when the temperature of any preset area exceeds the target temperature range for the current stage, a temperature anomaly prompt is displayed on the remote control terminal. When the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient exceeds a preset uniformity threshold range or the forming resistance coefficient exceeds a preset allowable resistance range, corresponding status warning information is displayed. This facilitates operators in remotely monitoring the thermal and operational status of the current forming stage and provides data support for subsequent temperature adjustment and / or pressing adjustments.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, when performing hot pressing or adjustment operations based on the forming execution conditions of the current forming stage, the method further includes: Based on the results of the forming execution conditions at the current forming stage, generate corresponding control commands; Send control commands to the heating furnace or hot press and execute the corresponding operations; The control commands and their execution status are sent to the remote control terminal and displayed.

[0037] Specifically, when performing hot pressing or adjustment operations based on the forming execution conditions of the current forming stage, the judgment results can be further converted into control commands that can be directly recognized and executed by the equipment, thereby achieving linkage control between the control platform, heating furnace, hot press, and remote control terminal. The forming execution condition judgment results can include two categories: those that meet the execution conditions and those that do not. If necessary, these can be further subdivided into different scenarios such as temperature execution conditions not being met, state execution conditions not being met, or both temperature and state execution conditions not being met. Based on this, when generating corresponding control commands based on the forming execution condition judgment results of the current forming stage, the control platform can generate commands according to pre-established command mapping rules. The equipment control command that matches the current judgment result is mapped according to the command rules, which refer to the correspondence between different judgment results and different equipment actions. For example, when the judgment result is that the execution conditions are met, a hot press pressing execution command is generated. The pressing execution command can carry the target temperature control parameters corresponding to the current forming stage, including the target temperature range, pressing adjustment parameters, and execution-related parameters in the stage termination parameters, so that the hot press can execute a unit pressing action according to the pressing speed, unit pressing displacement, holding pressure cycle, or segmented pressing method set for the current stage. When the judgment result is that the temperature execution conditions are not met, a reheating command or heat preservation command can be generated and sent to the heating furnace. The reheating command can include the target reheating temperature, reheating duration, heating rate, and reheating... The start time and other information, and the heat preservation command can include heat preservation temperature, heat preservation time, heat preservation end conditions, etc.; when the judgment result is that the state execution conditions are not met, a pause pressing command, a speed limit pressing command, a shortening of single displacement command, or a segmented pressing switching command can be generated and sent to the hot press to avoid continuing to execute the pressing action when the stability requirements are not met in the current stage; when neither the temperature execution condition nor the state execution condition is met, a temperature adjustment command can be generated first according to the preset priority rules, and then a pressing adjustment command can be generated. The priority rules can be set according to process experience and trial production results. For example, the temperature state of the branch pipe to be formed area can be restored first, and then the pressing cycle can be adjusted to ensure that the tee pipe blank has a basic hot state before entering the pressing stage. Control: After generating control commands, the commands are sent to the heating furnace or hot press and the corresponding operations are executed. The sending process can be completed using industrial Ethernet, fieldbus, serial communication, or other industrial communication methods. Preferably, the equipment number, current forming stage identifier, command type, parameter value, sending time, and execution priority are appended to the sent data message so that the equipment side can accurately identify and execute the commands. After receiving the control commands, the heating furnace or hot press can start the corresponding execution logic according to the command content. For example, after receiving the reheating command, the heating furnace performs heating and holding operations. After receiving the pressing execution command, the hot press drives the slider to complete the corresponding unit pressing action. After receiving the segmented pressing command, the hot press advances the pressing process in stages according to the preset step size and interval.To ensure the traceability of control command execution, status feedback can be provided on the equipment execution results. The execution status can include at least the following information: command sent, received, executing, completed, execution error, or execution interruption. Execution errors can include situations such as not receiving a response from the equipment within a preset time, inconsistencies between the equipment's execution feedback parameters and the sent parameters, or the equipment being in a fault state and unable to execute the current command. After acquiring the control command and its execution status, the control command and its execution status can be sent to a remote control terminal for display. The display content on the remote control terminal can include the current forming stage, the judgment result corresponding to the current control cycle, the type of control command generated, the key parameter values ​​in the control command, and the corresponding execution status. If necessary, historical command records can also be displayed in chronological order so that operators can remotely view the control status of the current tee hot pressing forming process. In some embodiments, abnormal prompt rules can be set on the remote control terminal. For example, when the execution status is execution error or execution interruption, the corresponding alarm information can be output on the display interface, and the corresponding equipment number, abnormal occurrence time, and abnormality type can be displayed simultaneously, enabling operators to promptly grasp the control decisions made by the control platform for the current forming stage and the actual execution status of the equipment.

[0038] In another preferred embodiment based on the above embodiments, see [reference] Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a three-way hot pressing forming temperature control system, including: The initial parameter determination module is configured to acquire the material information, specification information, and target forming parameters of the tee blank to be processed; based on the material information and specification information, determine the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage of the tee hot pressing forming, and the forming stage includes at least the flattening stage, the pre-pressing positioning stage, the main pressing stage, and the branch pipe pulling stage; The forming information acquisition module is configured to acquire multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press during the current forming stage. The forming state parameter determination module is configured to determine the forming state parameters of the current forming stage based on multi-region temperature information and operating status information. The temperature control parameter correction module is configured to correct the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee tube blank before entering the current forming stage, so as to obtain the target temperature control parameters. The forming execution control module is configured to determine whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions; if it does, it controls the hot press to perform the hot pressing forming operation of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameters; if it does not meet the conditions, it controls the tee tube blank to perform temperature adjustment operation and / or pressing adjustment operation. The stage switching termination control module is configured to repeatedly perform forming information acquisition, forming state parameter determination, temperature control parameter correction, forming execution condition judgment, and hot pressing forming operation or adjustment operation until the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition. After the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition, it switches to the next forming stage to continue execution until all forming stages are completed and the tee tube blank reaches the target forming parameters.

[0039] It is understandable that by setting up an initial parameter determination module, a forming information acquisition module, a forming state parameter determination module, a temperature control parameter correction module, a forming execution control module, and a stage switching termination control module, this implementation can modularly organize the parameter determination, state acquisition, state analysis, control correction, execution control, and stage switching in the tee hot pressing forming process, making the logical relationship between each functional link clearer. Specifically, the initial parameter determination module is used to form the basic control parameters corresponding to each stage before forming begins, while the forming information acquisition module and the forming state parameter determination module are used to continuously acquire and analyze the real-time heat of the tee blank during the current forming stage. The system includes a status and operating status module. The temperature control parameter correction module is used to dynamically correct the initial control parameters based on the transfer time, cumulative reheating times, and current forming status. The forming execution control module is used to implement hot pressing forming or adjustment operations based on the corrected target temperature control parameters. The stage switching termination control module is used to switch to the next stage after the current stage is completed. This allows the hot pressing forming process of the tee to no longer rely solely on pre-set fixed process parameters for control, but can be adjusted in a targeted manner based on the actual forming status of the current stage. This helps to improve the control stability of the hot pressing forming process of the tee and enhance the consistency of the forming quality of the tee fittings.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope defined by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the temperature of a three-way hot pressing forming process, characterized in that, include: Obtain the material information, specifications, and target forming parameters of the tee blank to be processed; Based on the material and specification information, the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage of the hot pressing forming of the tee are determined. The forming stage includes at least the flattening stage, the pre-pressing and positioning stage, the main pressing stage, and the branch tube pulling stage. During the current forming stage, multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press are collected; Based on the multi-region temperature information and the operating status information, the forming status parameters of the current forming stage are determined; Based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee tube blank before entering the current forming stage, the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage are corrected to obtain the target temperature control parameters. Determine whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions; If the target temperature is met, the hot press is controlled to perform the hot pressing operation of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameters. If the conditions are not met, the tee tube blank will be controlled to perform temperature regulation and / or pressing regulation operations. Repeatedly execute the following steps: collecting forming information, determining forming state parameters, correcting temperature control parameters, judging forming execution conditions, and performing hot pressing forming or adjustment operations, until the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition. After the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition, switch to the next forming stage to continue execution until all forming stages are completed and the tee tube blank reaches the target forming parameters.

2. The method for controlling the temperature of hot pressing forming of a three-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, When determining the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage of the tee hot pressing process based on the material and specification information, the following parameters are included: Based on the material information of the tee tube blank, determine the basic heating temperature range corresponding to the material information; Based on the main pipe specifications and branch pipe specifications of the tee tube blank, determine the stage division information corresponding to the flattening stage, pre-pressing and positioning stage, main pressing stage and branch pipe pulling stage. Based on the basic heating temperature range and the stage division information, the initial target temperature range corresponding to each forming stage is determined respectively; Based on the main pipe specifications, branch pipe specifications, and target forming parameters, determine the initial pressing speed and stage termination parameters corresponding to each forming stage. The initial target temperature range, initial pressing speed, and stage termination parameters corresponding to each forming stage are used as the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage.

3. The method for controlling the temperature of hot pressing in a three-way valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, During the current forming stage, when collecting multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press, the following information is collected: Real-time temperature values ​​of multiple preset regions of the tee tube blank during the current forming stage are collected. The multiple preset regions include at least the regions at both ends of the main pipe, the middle region of the main pipe, and the region to be formed of the branch pipe. Collect real-time pressure and displacement information of the hot press during the current forming stage; By associating the real-time temperature values, real-time pressure information, and real-time displacement information with the current forming stage, the collected data corresponding to the current forming stage is obtained.

4. The method for controlling the temperature of hot pressing in a three-way valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, When determining the forming state parameters of the current forming stage based on the multi-region temperature information and the operating status information, the following are included: Based on the temperature distribution differences of the multiple preset regions, a temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, which characterizes the temperature uniformity of the current forming stage, is determined. Based on the corresponding change relationship between the real-time pressure information and the real-time displacement information, the forming resistance coefficient, which characterizes the change of forming resistance in the current forming stage, is determined. The temperature field non-uniformity coefficient and the forming resistance coefficient are used as forming state parameters for the current forming stage.

5. The method for controlling the temperature of hot pressing in a three-way valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee tube blank before entering the current forming stage, the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage are corrected to obtain the target temperature control parameters of the current forming stage, including: Based on the aforementioned transfer time, determine the temperature drop compensation amount for the current forming stage; Based on the cumulative number of reheating cycles, determine the temperature correction constraint conditions for the current forming stage; Based on the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient, the temperature drop compensation amount, and the temperature correction constraint, the initial target temperature range of the current forming stage is corrected to obtain the target temperature range of the current forming stage. Based on the forming resistance coefficient, determine the pressing adjustment parameters for the current forming stage; The target temperature range, the pressing adjustment parameters, and the stage termination parameters corresponding to the current forming stage are used as the target temperature control parameters for the current forming stage.

6. The method for controlling the temperature of hot pressing forming of a three-way valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, When determining whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions, the following are included: Determine whether the multi-region temperature information meets the temperature execution conditions corresponding to the current forming stage; Determine whether the forming state parameters meet the state execution conditions corresponding to the current forming stage; When both the temperature execution condition and the state execution condition are met, the hot press is controlled to perform a unit pressing action of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameter. When at least one of the temperature execution conditions and the state execution conditions is not met, the tee tube blank is controlled to perform at least one adjustment operation among reheating, reheating, or segmented pressing. After completing the unit pressing action or the adjustment operation, determine whether the stage forming parameters of the current forming stage have reached the stage termination parameters corresponding to that stage. If the phase termination parameter corresponding to this phase is not reached, the collection of the multi-region temperature information and the operating status information will be re-executed.

7. The method for controlling the temperature of hot pressing in a three-way valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, When determining the initial temperature control parameters for each forming stage of the tee hot pressing process, the following also applies: Receive remote input information on the material, specifications, and target forming parameters of the tee tube blank; Send the remote input information to the control platform; Based on the remote input information, the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage are generated.

8. The method for controlling the temperature of hot pressing in a three-way valve according to claim 7, characterized in that, During the current forming stage, when collecting multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press, the following is also included: The multi-region temperature information and the operating status information are uploaded to the control platform and processed to obtain the forming status parameters corresponding to the current forming stage. The multi-region temperature information, the operating status information, and the forming status parameters are sent to the remote control terminal for display.

9. The method for controlling the temperature of hot pressing forming of a three-way valve according to claim 8, characterized in that, When performing hot pressing or adjustment operations based on the forming execution conditions of the current forming stage, the following are also included: Based on the results of the forming execution conditions at the current forming stage, generate corresponding control commands; The control command is sent to the heating furnace or hot press and the corresponding operation is executed. The control commands and their execution status are sent to the remote control terminal and displayed.

10. A temperature control system for hot pressing of a tee joint, used to implement the temperature control method for hot pressing of a tee joint as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The initial parameter determination module is configured to acquire the material information, specification information, and target forming parameters of the tee blank to be processed; Based on the material and specification information, the initial temperature control parameters corresponding to each forming stage of the hot pressing forming of the tee are determined. The forming stage includes at least the flattening stage, the pre-pressing and positioning stage, the main pressing stage, and the branch tube pulling stage. The forming information acquisition module is configured to acquire multi-zone temperature information of the tee tube blank and the operating status information of the hot press during the current forming stage. The forming state parameter determination module is configured to determine the forming state parameters of the current forming stage based on the multi-region temperature information and the operating state information. The temperature control parameter correction module is configured to correct the initial temperature control parameters of the current forming stage based on the forming state parameters and the transfer time and cumulative reheating times of the tee tube blank before entering the current forming stage, so as to obtain the target temperature control parameters. The forming execution control module is configured to determine whether the current forming stage meets the corresponding forming execution conditions; If the target temperature is met, the hot press is controlled to perform the hot pressing operation of the current forming stage according to the target temperature control parameters. If the conditions are not met, the tee tube blank will be controlled to perform temperature regulation and / or pressing regulation operations. The stage switching termination control module is configured to repeatedly perform forming information acquisition, forming state parameter determination, temperature control parameter correction, forming execution condition judgment, and hot pressing forming operation or adjustment operation until the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition. After the current forming stage reaches the corresponding stage termination condition, it switches to the next forming stage to continue execution until all forming stages are completed and the tee tube blank reaches the target forming parameters.

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