A camera module and electronic device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of camera module technology, and more particularly to a camera module and electronic device, including a base, a movable lens, a carrier, a guide structure, and a drive assembly. The guide structure includes a first guide rod, a first guide member, and a second guide member. The drive assembly includes a piezoelectric block, a first piezoelectric ring, a second piezoelectric ring, and a controller. The controller is configured to control the DC energization state of the piezoelectric block, the first piezoelectric ring, and the second piezoelectric ring, so that when one of the first guide member and the second guide member is fixed relative to the first guide rod, the other is movable relative to the first guide rod. The piezoelectric block extends or retracts, driving the movable guide member relative to the first guide rod to move stepwise along the optical axis, thereby causing the carrier and the movable lens to reciprocate along the optical axis to achieve zooming, silent operation, and significantly improve the user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of camera module technology, and more particularly to a camera module and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In the design and manufacturing of camera modules, the accuracy, stability, and quiet operation of zoom functionality are among the core indicators affecting product competitiveness. Currently, the mainstream zoom drive solutions for camera modules in the industry include electromagnetic drive and piezoelectric drive solutions. Among them, the electromagnetic drive solution relies on the cooperation of coils and electromagnetic structures to achieve displacement adjustment of the mover. Although it can meet basic zoom requirements, there is still room for optimization in terms of structural miniaturization, response speed, and energy consumption control.

[0003] Piezoelectric drive solutions, with their advantages of compact structure, rapid response, and low power consumption, are gradually becoming an important development direction for zoom drives in miniaturized camera modules. However, in related technologies, piezoelectric drive solutions rely on AC power, resulting in the mover and piezoelectric block primarily operating through vibration. Since they are not in constant contact, the momentary collisions generate noise, which is more pronounced in high-frequency scenarios, severely impacting the user experience. Furthermore, piezoelectric drive solutions achieve actuation through friction between the clamp and the mover of the lens module; temperature changes alter the friction state, making it prone to failure due to the inability to adapt to the switching between dynamic and static friction, thus limiting their reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application discloses a camera module and electronic device that enables the camera module to operate silently under various zoom conditions, such as high frequency and low speed, greatly improving the user experience.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application discloses a camera module, comprising: A base having a receiving cavity; A movable lens, wherein the movable lens is disposed within the receiving cavity; The carrier, wherein the movable lens is disposed within the carrier and fixedly connected to the carrier, and the carrier can move relative to the base along the optical axis of the movable lens; A guiding structure is disposed between the carrier and the base. The guiding structure includes a first guide rod, a first guide member, and a second guide member. The first guide rod is fixed to the base and extends along the optical axis. The first guide member and the second guide member are arranged opposite to each other along the optical axis. The first guide rod passes through the first guide member and the second guide member. The first guide member and the second guide member are movable relative to the first guide rod along the optical axis. The carrier is fixed to at least one of the first guide member and the second guide member. The driver component includes: A piezoelectric block is disposed between the first guide and the second guide, and is connected to the first guide and the second guide respectively. The piezoelectric block is configured to extend or retract along the optical axis direction when the DC energization state changes, so as to change the distance between the first guide and the second guide in the optical axis direction. A first piezoelectric ring is fixed to the first guide member and sleeved on the first guide rod. The first piezoelectric ring is configured to be fixed relative to the first guide rod or to move relative to the optical axis direction when the DC energization state changes. The second piezoelectric ring is fixed to the second guide member and sleeved on the first guide rod. The second piezoelectric ring is configured to be fixed relative to the first guide rod or to move relative to the optical axis direction when the DC energization state changes. The controller is electrically connected to the piezoelectric block, the first piezoelectric ring, and the second piezoelectric ring. The controller is configured to control the DC energization state of the piezoelectric block, the first piezoelectric ring, and the second piezoelectric ring, so that when one of the first guide member and the second guide member is fixed relative to the first guide rod, the other is movable relative to the first guide rod. The piezoelectric block extends or retracts to drive the guide member movable relative to the first guide rod to step displacement along the optical axis, thereby driving the carrier and the movable lens to reciprocate along the optical axis to achieve zoom.

[0006] Optionally, the first guide has a first inner hole, and the first piezoelectric ring is disposed in the first inner hole; the second guide has a second inner hole, and the second piezoelectric ring is disposed in the second inner hole.

[0007] Optionally, both the first piezoelectric ring and the second piezoelectric ring are provided with a flexible element between themselves and the first guide rod. The flexible element includes multiple flexible elements, which are sleeved around the circumference of the first guide rod, and there is a gap between adjacent flexible elements.

[0008] Optionally, the first piezoelectric ring is configured to deform when energized to reduce the inner diameter of the first piezoelectric ring and to be tightly fixed to the first guide rod, and to reset when not energized to loosen the first guide rod; The second piezoelectric ring is configured to deform when energized to reduce the inner diameter of the second piezoelectric ring and tighten it onto the first guide rod, and to reset when not energized to loosen the first guide rod.

[0009] Optionally, the first guide member is provided with a first support portion, the second guide member is provided with a second support portion, the first support portion and the second support portion are arranged opposite to each other along the optical axis direction, and the bottom of the piezoelectric block is attached to the first support portion and the second support portion.

[0010] Optionally, both the first guide and the second guide have an elastic element between them and the piezoelectric block. The extension and retraction direction of the elastic element is along the first direction and points to the first support portion or the second support portion. The first direction is perpendicular to the optical axis direction. Optionally, the first guide member is provided with a first fixing part, which is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric block away from the first support part in the first direction; the second guide member is provided with a second fixing part, which is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric block away from the second support part in the first direction, and the first fixing part and the second fixing part are disposed opposite to each other along the optical axis direction; The elastic element includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element. The two ends of the first elastic element abut against the first fixing part and the piezoelectric block, respectively, and the two ends of the second elastic element abut against the second fixing part and the piezoelectric block, respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the piezoelectric block is provided with a support member at its top, the support member extending along the optical axis, and the first fixing part and the second fixing part are both disposed opposite to the support member along the first direction; the two ends of the first elastic member abut against the first fixing part and the support member respectively, and the two ends of the second elastic member abut against the second fixing part and the support member respectively.

[0012] Optionally, the controller is configured to: When the first piezoelectric ring is fixed to the first guide rod and the second piezoelectric ring is released from the first guide rod, energize the piezoelectric block so that the piezoelectric block extends in the optical axis direction and drives the second guide member to move away from the first guide member along the optical axis direction; When the second piezoelectric ring is fixed to the first guide rod and the first piezoelectric ring is released from the first guide rod, the piezoelectric block is de-energized so that the piezoelectric block contracts in the optical axis direction and drives the first guide member to move closer to the second guide member along the optical axis direction.

[0013] Optionally, the number of carriers is two, and the two carriers are respectively fixed to the first guide and the second guide.

[0014] This application also discloses an electronic device, including a body and a camera module disposed within the body, wherein the camera module is any of the camera modules described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: In this application, the base has a receiving cavity to provide installation space for the movable lens, carrier, guide structure, and drive assembly. The movable lens is located inside the carrier and fixedly connected to it. The carrier can move relative to the base along the optical axis. The guide structure includes a first guide rod, a first guide member, and a second guide member. The first guide rod extends along the optical axis and is fixed to the base, limiting the carrier to move only along the optical axis. The first guide member and the second guide member are both movable and engaged with the first guide rod along the optical axis, and the two are arranged opposite each other along the optical axis. The carrier is fixed on at least one guide member, and the movement of the guide member directly and synchronously drives the carrier to complete the displacement, realizing zoom and focus operations.

[0016] The drive assembly employs a combined piezoelectric drive structure of a piezoelectric block and two piezoelectric rings, working in conjunction with a controller to achieve closed-loop drive. The piezoelectric block is installed between the first and second guide members and connected to both. When the DC energization state changes, it extends or contracts directionally along the optical axis, generating driving force through deformation, changing the distance between the two guide members, and providing a power source for the displacement of the carrier. The first and second piezoelectric rings are fixed to the first and second guide members respectively, both sleeved on the outside of the first guide rod. Under different DC energization states controlled by the controller, the two piezoelectric rings can be either fixed relative to the first guide rod or movable relative to it. The controller drives the piezoelectric block to extend, and supported by the fixed first guide member, the piezoelectric block pushes the second guide member to move along the first guide rod, thereby driving the carrier to complete displacement. After completing a single-step drive, the controller switches states: the first piezoelectric ring releases, the second piezoelectric ring locks, and the piezoelectric block retracts and resets. This cycle is repeated to achieve continuous directional displacement of the carrier.

[0017] This application employs a DC-driven, directionally extending piezoelectric block and a piezoelectric ring locking drive mode. The piezoelectric block only undergoes directional elongation and contraction deformation along the optical axis. Throughout the entire drive process, the piezoelectric block and the guide are rigidly connected, with no intermittent disengagement or collision, eliminating collision noise. The module can achieve silent operation under various zoom conditions, including high frequency and low speed, significantly improving the user experience. Moreover, power transmission relies on the rigid deformation of the piezoelectric element and the mechanical locking of the piezoelectric ring. Environmental and usage factors such as temperature, humidity, and slight wear will not significantly affect the locking structure and piezoelectric deformation, effectively avoiding drive failure and positioning drift caused by changes in friction conditions, significantly improving the reliability of the module in high and low temperature and long-term use scenarios.

[0018] The first guide rod provides a single, precise linear guide, strictly limiting the carrier's movement trajectory and eliminating radial and circumferential movement. The deformation accuracy of the piezoelectric element can be precisely controlled by the controller, and in conjunction with the step-by-step locking drive of the piezoelectric ring, micro-displacement control can be achieved, meeting the high-precision focusing and zooming requirements of high-definition camera modules. Simultaneously, the vibration-free and impact-free movement throughout the entire process avoids carrier jitter, improving imaging stability, reducing mechanical wear between components, and extending the module's lifespan. With high component integration, a simple overall structure, and a small footprint, it perfectly adapts to the miniaturization and ultra-thin design requirements of electronic devices for camera modules. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a camera module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a camera module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a top view of a camera module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view from the perspective of the AA (American Academy of Sciences). Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view from the perspective of the middle BB (Black-White) section; Figure 6 This is a first-view exploded view of the interior of a camera module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the interior of a camera module from a second perspective, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10-Base; 11-Receiving cavity; 20-Carrier; 30-Guide structure; 31-First guide rod; 32-First guide component; 321-First inner hole; 322-First support part; 323-First fixing part; 33-Second guide component; 331-Second inner hole; 332-Second support part; 333-Second fixing part; 34-Second guide rod; 40 - Drive component; 41 - Piezoelectric block; 411 - Support component; 42 - First piezoelectric ring; 43 - Second piezoelectric ring; 50 - Flexible components; 60 - Elastic element; 61 - First elastic element; 62 - Second elastic element; 100-Camera module. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0024] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the design and manufacturing of camera modules, the accuracy, stability, and quiet operation of zoom functionality are among the core indicators affecting product competitiveness. Currently, the mainstream zoom drive solutions for camera modules in the industry include electromagnetic drive and piezoelectric drive solutions. Among them, the electromagnetic drive solution relies on the cooperation of coils and electromagnetic structures to achieve displacement adjustment of the mover. Although it can meet basic zoom requirements, there is still room for optimization in terms of structural miniaturization, response speed, and energy consumption control.

[0028] Piezoelectric drive solutions, with their advantages of compact structure, rapid response, and low power consumption, are gradually becoming an important development direction for zoom drives in miniaturized camera modules. However, in related technologies, piezoelectric drive solutions rely on AC power, resulting in the mover and piezoelectric block primarily operating through vibration. Since they are not in constant contact, the momentary collisions generate noise, which is more pronounced in high-frequency scenarios, severely impacting the user experience. Furthermore, piezoelectric drive solutions achieve actuation through friction between the clamp and the mover of the lens module; temperature changes alter the friction state, making it prone to failure due to the inability to adapt to the switching between dynamic and static friction, thus limiting their reliability.

[0029] Based on this, this application discloses a camera module and electronic device. By adopting a DC-driven directional telescopic piezoelectric block and a piezoelectric ring-locked driving mode, the camera module can achieve silent operation under various zoom conditions such as high frequency and low speed, which greatly improves the user experience.

[0030] The following will describe specific embodiments and appendices. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 7 The technical solution of this application will be further explained.

[0031] This application provides a camera module 100, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a camera module 100 includes a base 10, a movable lens, a carrier 20, a guide structure 30, a drive assembly 40, and a controller. The base 10 has a receiving cavity 11, the movable lens is disposed in the receiving cavity 11, the movable lens is disposed in the carrier 20 and fixedly connected to the carrier 20, and the carrier 20 can move relative to the base 10 along the optical axis direction of the movable lens.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the guide structure 30 is disposed between the carrier 20 and the base 10. The guide structure 30 includes a first guide rod 31, a first guide member 32, and a second guide member 33. The first guide rod 31 is fixed on the base 10 and extends along the optical axis. The second guide member 33 is disposed opposite to the first guide member 32 along the optical axis. The first guide rod 31 passes through the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33. The first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33 can move relative to the first guide rod 31 along the optical axis. The carrier 20 is fixed to at least one of the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33. like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the drive assembly 40 includes a piezoelectric block 41, a first piezoelectric ring 42, and a second piezoelectric ring 43. The piezoelectric block 41 is disposed between the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33, and is connected to the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33 respectively. The piezoelectric block 41 is configured to extend or contract along the optical axis direction when the DC energization state changes, so as to change the distance between the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33 in the optical axis direction. The first piezoelectric ring 42 is fixed to the first guide member 32 and sleeved on the first guide rod 31. The first piezoelectric ring 42 is configured to be relatively fixed to the first guide rod 31 or relatively movable along the optical axis direction when the DC energization state changes. The second piezoelectric ring 43 is fixed to the second guide member 33 and sleeved on the first guide rod 31. The second piezoelectric ring 43 is configured to be relatively fixed to the first guide rod 31 or relatively movable along the optical axis direction when the DC energization state changes.

[0033] The piezoelectric block 41, the first piezoelectric ring 42, and the second piezoelectric ring 43 are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller is configured to control the DC energization state of the piezoelectric block 41, the first piezoelectric ring 42, and the second piezoelectric ring 43, so that when one of the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33 is fixed relative to the first guide rod 31, the other is movable relative to the first guide rod 31. The piezoelectric block 41 extends or retracts to drive the guide member that is movable relative to the first guide rod 31 to step displacement along the optical axis, thereby driving the carrier 20 and the movable lens to reciprocate along the optical axis to achieve zoom.

[0034] In this application, the base 10 has a receiving cavity 11, providing installation space for the movable lens, carrier 20, guide structure 30, and drive assembly 40, realizing the integration and positioning of each component and ensuring the stability of the overall module structure. The movable lens is disposed inside the receiving cavity 11 and inside the carrier 20, which can move relative to the base 10 along the optical axis. The guide structure 30 includes a first guide rod 31, a first guide member 32, and a second guide member 33. The first guide rod 31 extends along the optical axis and is fixed to the base 10, limiting the carrier 20 to move only along the optical axis, preventing radial and circumferential offsets, and ensuring the accuracy of the motion trajectory. The first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33 are both movable and cooperate with the first guide rod 31 along the optical axis, and the two are arranged opposite each other along the optical axis. The carrier 20 is fixed on at least one guide member, and the movement of the guide member directly and synchronously drives the carrier 20 to complete the displacement, realizing zoom and focus actions.

[0035] Furthermore, the drive assembly 40 adopts a combined piezoelectric drive structure of piezoelectric block 41 and dual piezoelectric rings, which works in conjunction with the controller to achieve closed-loop drive. The piezoelectric block 41 is installed between the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33, and is connected to both of them respectively. When the DC energization state changes, it elongates or contracts directionally along the optical axis, generating driving force through deformation, changing the distance between the two guide members, and providing a power source for the displacement of the carrier 20. The first piezoelectric ring 42 and the second piezoelectric ring 43 are respectively fixed on the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33, and are both sleeved on the outside of the first guide rod 31. The two piezoelectric rings utilize the piezoelectric effect to achieve two working modes under different DC energization states controlled by the controller: fixed relative to the first guide rod 31, i.e., a locked state, or movable relative to the first guide rod 31, i.e., a released sliding state.

[0036] The controller, as the core of the electrical control, is electrically connected to the piezoelectric block 41, the first piezoelectric ring 42, and the second piezoelectric ring 43. It controls one of the piezoelectric rings to be locked and fixed, and the other to be released and active, while driving the piezoelectric block 41 to extend or retract.

[0037] Specifically, the controller energizes and locks the first piezoelectric ring 42, fixing the first guide member 32 relative to the first guide rod 31; simultaneously, it de-energizes and releases the second piezoelectric ring 43, allowing the second guide member 33 to slide along the first guide rod 31. The controller drives the piezoelectric block 41 to extend, supported by the fixed first guide member 32, pushing the second guide member 33 to move along the first guide rod 31, thereby displacing the carrier 20. After completing a single-step drive, the controller switches states: the first piezoelectric ring 42 is released, the second piezoelectric ring 43 is locked, and the piezoelectric block 41 retracts and resets. This cycle is repeated to achieve continuous directional displacement of the carrier 20. Reverse movement can be achieved simply by switching the locking and releasing sequence of the piezoelectric rings and changing the deformation direction of the piezoelectric block 41.

[0038] Therefore, this application adopts a DC-driven directional telescopic piezoelectric block 41 and a piezoelectric ring locking drive mode. The piezoelectric block 41 only undergoes directional elongation and contraction deformation along the optical axis. Throughout the entire driving process, the piezoelectric block 41 is rigidly connected to the guide component without intermittent disengagement or collision, eliminating collision noise. The camera module 100 can achieve silent operation under various zoom conditions such as high frequency and low speed, significantly improving the user experience. Moreover, the power transmission in this application relies on the rigid deformation of the piezoelectric element and the mechanical locking of the piezoelectric ring. Environmental and usage factors such as temperature, humidity, and slight wear will not significantly affect the locking structure and piezoelectric deformation, effectively avoiding drive failure and positioning drift caused by changes in friction conditions, and significantly improving the reliability of the module in high and low temperature and long-term use scenarios.

[0039] Furthermore, the first guide rod 31 provides a single, precise linear guide, strictly limiting the movement trajectory of the carrier 20 without radial or circumferential movement. The deformation accuracy of the piezoelectric element can be precisely controlled by the controller, and with the step-by-step locking drive of the piezoelectric ring, micro-displacement control can be achieved, meeting the high-precision focusing and zooming requirements of the high-definition camera module 100. At the same time, the vibration-free and impact-free movement throughout the entire process avoids shaking of the carrier 20, which not only improves the stability of imaging but also reduces mechanical wear between components, extending the service life of the module.

[0040] Furthermore, the piezoelectric ring is directly fitted onto the first guide rod 31, and the piezoelectric block 41 is arranged between the two guide members. The components have a high degree of integration, the overall structure is simple, and it occupies little space, perfectly meeting the design requirements of electronic devices for miniaturization and ultra-thinness of the camera module 100.

[0041] It should be noted that the piezoelectric block 41 and the piezoelectric ring in this application are made of ceramic materials or other piezoelectric composite materials, and this application does not limit them here.

[0042] In the diagram, the X direction is the optical axis of the movable lens, and the Y direction is the first direction. The optical axis is the direction of lens zooming and focusing.

[0043] In addition, on both sides of the carrier 20 along the optical axis, there are prism components, graphic sensors, and flexible circuit boards, which are all conventional components in the camera module 100 and will not be described further in this application.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the first guide member 32 has a first inner hole 321, and the first piezoelectric ring 42 is disposed in the first inner hole 321; the second guide member 33 has a second inner hole 331, and the second piezoelectric ring 43 is disposed in the second inner hole 331.

[0045] The first piezoelectric ring 42 and the second piezoelectric ring 43 are both sleeved on the first guide rod 31 and are coaxially arranged with the first guide rod 31.

[0046] Therefore, the inner hole provides radial positioning and protection for the piezoelectric ring, ensuring that the piezoelectric ring and the first guide rod 31 remain coaxial and preventing radial offset or tilting of the piezoelectric ring during operation. When the controller controls the piezoelectric ring to change its DC energization state, the piezoelectric ring, constrained by the inner hole of the guide member, stably achieves locking or releasing action with the first guide rod 31, thereby cooperating with the extension and retraction of the piezoelectric block 41 to complete the directional displacement of the guide member and the carrier 20. This avoids the problem of local stress concentration and uneven locking force between the piezoelectric ring and the first guide rod 31 due to assembly eccentricity or radial movement.

[0047] The piezoelectric ring is embedded in the inner hole of the guide member, making full use of the guide member's internal space. This eliminates the need for additional mounting brackets or fixing structures on the outside of the guide member, effectively reducing the radial and circumferential dimensions of the camera module 100 and making the overall structure more compact. Furthermore, it ensures that the contact force between the piezoelectric ring and the first guide rod 31 is evenly distributed when energized and locked, resulting in a stable and reliable locking state. During release, the sliding is smooth and without jamming, eliminating drive failures and movement stutters caused by coaxiality deviations, further improving the module's operational stability.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a flexible element 50 is provided between the first piezoelectric ring 42 and the second piezoelectric ring 43 and the first guide rod 31. The flexible element 50 includes multiple flexible elements, which are sleeved on the circumference of the first guide rod 31, and there is a gap between adjacent flexible elements 50.

[0049] When locking is required, the controller supplies power to the piezoelectric ring. Under the piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric ring undergoes radial contraction deformation, pressing inward against the circumferentially uniformly distributed flexible element 50. Under this force, the flexible element 50 adheres tightly to the outer wall of the first guide rod 31. The frictional force generated by the positive pressure between the flexible element 50 and the guide rod achieves relative fixation of the piezoelectric ring, the guide element, and the first guide rod 31, providing stable support for the extension and retraction of the piezoelectric block 41. Conversely, when the controller disconnects the power supply to the piezoelectric ring, the radial deformation of the piezoelectric ring disappears, and the flexible element 50 springs back to its original position. The positive pressure between the flexible element 50 and the first guide rod 31 disappears, and they return to a state where they can slide relative to each other. The guide element can then move smoothly along the first guide rod 31 under the drive of the piezoelectric block 41.

[0050] The gap between adjacent flexible components 50 provides deformation avoidance space for the radial deformation of the piezoelectric ring and the compression and rebound of the flexible components 50, avoiding mutual compression and interference of the flexible components 50 during the deformation process, and ensuring smooth execution of locking and releasing actions.

[0051] The multiple flexible components 50 are evenly distributed circumferentially, ensuring that the force applied by the piezoelectric ring is uniformly applied along the circumference of the first guide rod 31 when locked. This avoids problems such as localized stress concentration and uneven contact force caused by assembly coaxiality errors and microscopic unevenness of the guide rod surface. The flexible components 50 can adaptively conform to the surface of the first guide rod 31, ensuring uniform and stable frictional force when locked. This effectively prevents the guide components from slipping or deflecting during the driving process of the piezoelectric block 41, further improving the positioning accuracy of zooming and focusing.

[0052] The flexible component 50 possesses elastic deformation capability, playing a buffering and shock-absorbing role during the radial contraction and locking and rebound release of the piezoelectric ring. On one hand, it buffers the instantaneous impact force generated by the piezoelectric ring's deformation, preventing rigid collisions between the piezoelectric ring and the first guide rod 31, reducing component wear, and eliminating abnormal noises caused by rigid collisions, further enhancing the module's quietness. On the other hand, the flexible component 50 can offset some assembly tolerances and motion deviations, reducing the machining accuracy requirements of the piezoelectric ring and the first guide rod 31, and lowering the manufacturing difficulty.

[0053] The flexible component 50 can be made of materials such as rubber or elastic plastic, and this application does not limit it.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first piezoelectric ring 42 is configured to deform when energized to reduce the inner diameter of the first piezoelectric ring 42 and to be tightly fixed to the first guide rod 31, and to reset when not energized to loosen the first guide rod 31; The second piezoelectric ring 43 is configured to deform when energized to reduce the inner diameter of the second piezoelectric ring 43 and to be tightly fixed to the first guide rod 31, and to reset when not energized to loosen the first guide rod 31.

[0055] The controller outputs a suitable drive electrical signal to the piezoelectric ring, causing the piezoelectric ring to undergo radial contraction deformation, reducing its inner diameter. After the inner diameter shrinks, the piezoelectric ring directly compresses the inner flexible element 50, causing the flexible element 50 to fit tightly against the outer wall of the first guide rod 31. Relying on the friction between the flexible element 50 and the first guide rod 31, the piezoelectric ring, the corresponding guide element, and the first guide rod 31 form a rigid, relatively fixed relationship, providing a stable fixed support end for the telescopic movement of the piezoelectric block 41.

[0056] Conversely, when the controller cuts off the driving signal of the piezoelectric ring, the electric field applied to the piezoelectric ceramic disappears, and the inverse piezoelectric effect terminates. The piezoelectric ring, relying on the elasticity of its material, completes its deformation recovery, and its inner diameter returns to its initial size. At this point, the compressive force of the piezoelectric ring on the flexible component 50 disappears, and the flexible component 50 rebounds synchronously. The normal pressure and friction between the flexible component and the first guide rod 31 are significantly reduced, allowing the piezoelectric ring and guide component to slide freely along the first guide rod 31.

[0057] Thus, by adopting a direct power-on / off control mode, no additional mechanical transmission or electromagnetic actuator is required. Power on immediately causes the guide to contract and lock, while power off immediately resets and releases, with negligible action delay. Combined with the timing control of the controller, the fixed and moving states of the guide can be quickly switched, meeting the high-speed focusing and smooth zoom requirements of the camera module 100 and improving the overall shooting response performance. The piezoelectric ring, when energized, generates controllable radial contraction, achieving a tight clamping fixation of the first guide rod 31. This is an active mechanical locking method; the locking force is controllable and stable, preventing slippage or movement.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first guide member 32 is provided with a first support portion 322, and the second guide member 33 is provided with a second support portion 332. The first support portion 322 and the second support portion 332 are arranged opposite to each other along the optical axis direction, and the bottom of the piezoelectric block 41 is attached to the first support portion 322 and the second support portion 332. Both the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33 have an elastic member 60 between them and the piezoelectric block 41. The extension and retraction direction of the elastic member 60 is along the first direction pointing towards the first support part 322 or the second support part 332. The first direction is perpendicular to the optical axis direction.

[0059] The first guide member 32 can be integrally formed or the first support part 322 can be fixedly provided, and the second guide member 33 can be integrally formed or the second support part 332 can be fixedly provided.

[0060] The first support part 322 and the second support part 332 provide stable bottom support for the piezoelectric block 41, limit the first direction and circumferential position of the piezoelectric block 41, and prevent the piezoelectric block 41 from shifting, tilting or warping along the first direction when it is driven by telescopic movement, module vibration or drop impact, and ensure that the telescopic deformation of the piezoelectric block 41 is always along the optical axis direction and consistent with the driving direction of the module.

[0061] The elastic element 60 applies an elastic preload in a first direction perpendicular to the driving direction, stably pressing the piezoelectric block 41 against the first support portion 322 and the second support portion 332. When the piezoelectric block 41 is energized and extends or contracts along the optical axis, its two ends generate displacement in the optical axis direction relative to the first guide portion 32 and the second guide portion 33. The elastic element 60 maintains an elastic force only in the first direction and does not hinder the normal deformation of the piezoelectric block 41 along the optical axis. When there are assembly tolerances, temperature deformations, or external impacts, the elastic element 60 can adaptively expand and contract along the first direction to compensate for dimensional deviations, counteract external force disturbances, and always maintain the fit between the piezoelectric block 41 and the support portion.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the first guide member 32 is provided with a first fixing part 323, which is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric block 41 away from the first support part 322 in the first direction; the second guide member 33 is provided with a second fixing part 333, which is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric block 41 away from the second support part 332 in the first direction, and the first fixing part 323 and the second fixing part 333 are disposed opposite to each other along the optical axis direction; The elastic element 60 includes a first elastic element 61 and a second elastic element 62. The two ends of the first elastic element 61 abut against the first fixing part 323 and the piezoelectric block 41, respectively, and the two ends of the second elastic element 62 abut against the second fixing part 333 and the piezoelectric block 41, respectively.

[0063] By employing a combination of a support section, a fixing section, and double-sided elastic elements 60, symmetrical, bidirectional pre-tensioning of the piezoelectric block 41 along the first direction is achieved. This avoids problems such as tilting, swaying, and warping of the piezoelectric block 41 due to unilateral force, ensuring that the expansion and contraction deformation of the piezoelectric block 41 is strictly along the optical axis. The deformation of the piezoelectric block 41 can be completely and accurately converted into linear displacement of the guide element and the carrier 20, structurally eliminating driving force loss and positioning errors caused by lateral offset and attitude tilt, and significantly improving the displacement control accuracy of zooming and focusing.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the piezoelectric block 41 is provided with a support member 411 at the top. The support member 411 extends along the optical axis. The first fixing part 323 and the second fixing part 333 are both arranged opposite to the support member 411 in the first direction. The two ends of the first elastic member 61 abut against the first fixing part 323 and the support member 411 respectively. The two ends of the second elastic member 62 abut against the second fixing part 333 and the support member 411 respectively.

[0065] The elastic preload of the elastic element 60 no longer acts directly on the brittle piezoelectric block 41, but first acts on the support element 411. The support element 411 converts the concentrated point load into a uniform surface load, which is then smoothly transmitted to the top of the piezoelectric block 41. Under uniform pressure, the piezoelectric block 41 always fits against the bottom support, ensuring assembly stability.

[0066] When energized, the piezoelectric block 41 extends or contracts along the optical axis, causing relative displacement of the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33. The support member 411 moves synchronously with the piezoelectric block 41 along the optical axis. The elastic member 60 provides preload and buffering only in the first direction, without generating resistance along the optical axis, and does not interfere with the normal deformation and driving stroke of the piezoelectric block 41. When there are machining and assembly tolerances, thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature fluctuations, or external impact in the first direction, the first elastic member 61 and the second elastic member 62 adaptively expand and contract, and the support member 411 synchronously transmits buffering force to compensate for dimensional deviations, absorb impact loads, and maintain the stable positioning of the piezoelectric block 41.

[0067] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to: When the first piezoelectric ring 42 is fixed to the first guide rod 31 and the second piezoelectric ring 43 is released from the first guide rod 31, energize the piezoelectric block 41 so that the piezoelectric block 41 extends in the optical axis direction and drives the second guide member 33 to move away from the first guide member 32 along the optical axis direction. When the second piezoelectric ring 43 is fixed to the first guide rod 31 and the first piezoelectric ring 42 is released from the first guide rod 31, the piezoelectric block 41 is de-energized, so that the piezoelectric block 41 contracts in the optical axis direction and drives the first guide member 32 to move closer to the second guide member 33 along the optical axis direction.

[0068] Specifically, the controller outputs a drive signal, energizing the first piezoelectric ring 42, which undergoes radial contraction deformation and is tightly fixed to the first guide rod 31 by the flexible component 50. The first guide rod 32 and the first guide rod 31 form a rigid relative fixation, serving as the fixed support end for the entire drive action. Simultaneously, the second piezoelectric ring 43 is de-energized, its deformation resets, and the first guide rod 31 is released. The second guide rod 33 can then slide freely along the first guide rod 31, serving as the motion execution end. The controller supplies power to the piezoelectric block 41, which, under the action of the inverse piezoelectric effect, elongates directionally along the optical axis. With the locked first guide rod 32 as a fixed fulcrum, the thrust generated by the elongation of the piezoelectric block 41 acts directly on the second guide rod 33, overcoming the sliding resistance of the guide structure 30, and driving the second guide rod 33 and the carrier 20 to move away from the first guide rod 32 along the optical axis, completing the forward focusing or zoom displacement of the lens.

[0069] Then, the controller cuts off the power supply to the first piezoelectric ring 42, causing it to reset and release the first guide rod 31, transforming the first guide member 32 into a motion actuator. Simultaneously, the controller energizes the second piezoelectric ring 43, causing it to radially contract and tightly clamp onto the first guide rod 31, making the second guide member 33 a fixed support end. The controller then cuts off the power supply to the piezoelectric block 41, depriving it of electric field excitation. Relying on its own material elasticity and internal residual stress, the piezoelectric block 41 resets and contracts, shortening along the optical axis. With the locked second guide member 33 as a fixed fulcrum, the contraction of the piezoelectric block 41 generates tension on the first guide member 32, causing the first guide member 32 and the carrier 20 to move closer to the second guide member 33 along the optical axis, completing the lens's return-to-focus or zoom displacement.

[0070] The continuous drive enables the controller to cyclically execute the above two actions, alternately switching the locking and releasing states of the two piezoelectric rings. In conjunction with the energized extension and de-energized contraction of the piezoelectric block 41, the carrier 20 can achieve continuous and directional reciprocating motion, meeting the requirements of continuous zoom and precise focusing of the camera module 100.

[0071] This controller features a simple timing control scheme. By alternately locking a single guide element, and coordinating with the piezoelectric block 41 to extend when energized and retract when de-energized, it achieves efficient and stable linear drive. This not only reduces control complexity and overall energy consumption, but also improves drive response speed and positioning accuracy. Furthermore, it avoids drive failure issues caused by vibration noise and temperature sensitivity at the control level, allowing the module to operate stably and quietly in diverse scenarios and complex environments. It also meets the miniaturization and low-power design requirements of portable electronic devices.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, there are two carriers 20, which are fixed to the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33 respectively.

[0073] There are two carriers 20, which can carry two sets of lens components with different optical parameters, respectively mounted on the two carriers 20, such as a wide-angle lens and a telephoto lens, or a main camera lens and a macro lens.

[0074] The dual-carrier 20 shares the same drive and guide structure 30, which effectively simplifies the module structure, reduces costs and space occupation, and adapts to the needs of miniaturization design while expanding functions.

[0075] In other embodiments, the carrier 20 may be provided only in one of the first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33, as needed.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the camera module 100 also includes a second guide rod 34, which is fixed on the base 10 and extends along the optical axis. The first guide member 32 and the second guide member 33 are both movably arranged with the second guide rod 34 along the optical axis.

[0077] This application also discloses an electronic device, including a body and a camera module 100 disposed within the body, wherein the electronic device may be a mobile phone, an action camera, or a drone, etc.

[0078] The camera module 100 in this electronic device is the same as the camera module 100 described above. Therefore, the electronic device in this embodiment has roughly the same technical effects as the camera module 100 described above. Since the technical effects of the camera module 100 have been fully explained, they will not be repeated here.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A camera module, characterized in that, include: A base having a receiving cavity; A movable lens, wherein the movable lens is disposed within the receiving cavity; The carrier, wherein the movable lens is disposed within the carrier and fixedly connected to the carrier, and the carrier can move relative to the base along the optical axis of the movable lens; A guiding structure is provided between the carrier and the base. The guiding structure includes a first guide rod, a first guide member, and a second guide member. The first guide rod is fixed on the base and extends along the optical axis. The first guide member and the second guide member are arranged opposite to each other along the optical axis, and the first guide rod passes through the first guide member and the second guide member. The first guide member and the second guide member can move relative to the first guide rod along the optical axis. The carrier is fixed to at least one of the first guide and the second guide; The driver component includes: A piezoelectric block is disposed between the first guide and the second guide, and is connected to the first guide and the second guide respectively. The piezoelectric block is configured to extend or retract along the optical axis direction when the DC energization state changes, so as to change the distance between the first guide and the second guide in the optical axis direction. A first piezoelectric ring is fixed to the first guide member and sleeved on the first guide rod. The first piezoelectric ring is configured to be fixed relative to the first guide rod or to move relative to the optical axis direction when the DC energization state changes. The second piezoelectric ring is fixed to the second guide member and sleeved on the first guide rod. The second piezoelectric ring is configured to be fixed relative to the first guide rod or to move relative to the optical axis direction when the DC energization state changes. The controller is electrically connected to the piezoelectric block, the first piezoelectric ring, and the second piezoelectric ring. The controller is configured to control the DC energization state of the piezoelectric block, the first piezoelectric ring, and the second piezoelectric ring, so that when one of the first guide member and the second guide member is fixed relative to the first guide rod, the other is movable relative to the first guide rod. The piezoelectric block extends or retracts to drive the guide member movable relative to the first guide rod to step displacement along the optical axis, thereby driving the carrier and the movable lens to reciprocate along the optical axis to achieve zoom.

2. The camera module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide member has a first inner hole, and the first piezoelectric ring is disposed in the first inner hole; the second guide member has a second inner hole, and the second piezoelectric ring is disposed in the second inner hole.

3. The camera module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first piezoelectric ring and the second piezoelectric ring have a flexible element between them and the first guide rod. The flexible element includes multiple flexible elements, which are sleeved around the circumference of the first guide rod, and there is a gap between adjacent flexible elements.

4. The camera module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first piezoelectric ring is configured to deform when energized to reduce the inner diameter of the first piezoelectric ring and to be tightly fixed to the first guide rod, and to reset when not energized to loosen the first guide rod; The second piezoelectric ring is configured to deform when energized to reduce the inner diameter of the second piezoelectric ring and tighten it onto the first guide rod, and to reset when not energized to loosen the first guide rod.

5. The camera module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide member is provided with a first support portion, and the second guide member is provided with a second support portion. The first support portion and the second support portion are arranged opposite to each other along the optical axis direction, and the bottom of the piezoelectric block is attached to the first support portion and the second support portion.

6. The camera module according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first guide and the second guide have an elastic element between them and the piezoelectric block. The extension and retraction direction of the elastic element is along the first direction and points to the first support or the second support. The first direction is perpendicular to the optical axis direction.

7. The camera module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first guide member is provided with a first fixing part, which is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric block away from the first support part in the first direction; the second guide member is provided with a second fixing part, which is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric block away from the second support part in the first direction, and the first fixing part and the second fixing part are disposed opposite to each other along the optical axis direction; The elastic element includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element. The two ends of the first elastic element abut against the first fixing part and the piezoelectric block, respectively, and the two ends of the second elastic element abut against the second fixing part and the piezoelectric block, respectively.

8. The camera module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The piezoelectric block is provided with a support member at its top, which extends along the optical axis. The first fixing part and the second fixing part are both arranged opposite to the support member along the first direction. The two ends of the first elastic member abut against the first fixing part and the support member, respectively, and the two ends of the second elastic member abut against the second fixing part and the support member, respectively.

9. The camera module according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The controller is configured to: When the first piezoelectric ring is fixed to the first guide rod and the second piezoelectric ring is released from the first guide rod, energize the piezoelectric block so that the piezoelectric block extends in the optical axis direction and drives the second guide member to move away from the first guide member along the optical axis direction; When the second piezoelectric ring is fixed to the first guide rod and the first piezoelectric ring is released from the first guide rod, the piezoelectric block is de-energized so that the piezoelectric block contracts in the optical axis direction and drives the first guide member to move closer to the second guide member along the optical axis direction.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a body and a camera module disposed within the body, wherein the camera module is the camera module according to any one of claims 1-9.

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