Fireproofing and extinguishing structure of electric vehicle carport charging area and fireproofing and extinguishing method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fire suppression and discloses a fire prevention and extinguishing structure and method for electric vehicle shed charging areas. The structure includes a device cabinet, a pump unit, a storage tank, a special extinguishing agent, a level gauge, a solenoid valve, a ball valve, a PLC electrical control component, prefabricated discharge pipelines, customized nozzles, pipeline connectors, a zone control box, and a distributed detection unit. The pump unit and storage tank are arranged in layers inside the device cabinet, with the storage tank outlet connected to the pump unit inlet pipeline. The level gauge is installed inside the storage tank. The zone control box has a reserved installation position for an alarm controller and is communicatively connected to the PLC electrical control component. By setting an environmental parameter acquisition module in conjunction with the PLC electrical control component, dynamic correction of the fire threshold is achieved. The judgment criteria are adjusted in real time based on actual working conditions such as on-site temperature, dust, and electromagnetic interference, adapting to the complex outdoor environmental conditions of the shed and realizing all-weather automatic fire prevention and extinguishing control of the shed charging area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing technology, specifically to a fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed and its fireproof and fire-extinguishing method. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of electric vehicles, centralized electric vehicle charging sheds have become an indispensable part of urban infrastructure. During the charging process, electric vehicles are prone to fires due to various factors such as battery aging, wiring faults, and poor-quality charging equipment. Once a fire breaks out, if it is not detected and effectively extinguished in time, it can spread rapidly, not only destroying a large number of electric vehicles and causing serious property damage, but also potentially endangering the lives of people in the surrounding area.

[0003] Most existing fire extinguishing systems employ a unified zoned, full-area spraying method, without distinguishing whether a vehicle is parked or charging in a parking space. Empty parking spaces are also sprayed simultaneously, resulting in unnecessary consumption of extinguishing agents. Traditional solutions rely solely on instantaneous detection values ​​to determine the fire severity, failing to characterize the speed of fire development and its spread. Their response models are simplistic and cannot match appropriate control actions to the actual development of the fire. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a fire prevention and extinguishing structure and method for electric vehicle shed charging areas, solving the problem of monitoring fire hazards in electric vehicle sheds at night and when unattended.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fire prevention and extinguishing structure for an electric vehicle shed charging area, comprising a device cabinet, a pump unit, a storage tank, a special extinguishing agent, a level gauge, a solenoid valve, a ball valve, a PLC electrical control component, prefabricated spray pipelines, customized nozzles, pipeline connectors, a zone control box, and a distributed detection unit. The pump unit and the storage tank are arranged in layers inside the device cabinet, with the outlet of the storage tank connected to the inlet pipeline of the pump unit, and the level gauge installed inside the storage tank. The prefabricated spray pipeline includes a main pipeline and multiple parking space branch pipelines. The main pipeline connects the pump unit and the storage tank via a ball valve and a solenoid valve, and each parking space branch pipeline is connected to a customized nozzle. The zone control box has a reserved installation position for an alarm controller, and the zone control box is communicatively connected to the PLC electrical control component.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution: the parking space condition acquisition module identifies the occupancy and charging status of each parking space, and the multi-condition linkage interlocking logic unit locks the solenoid valves of invalid parking spaces, allowing fire suppression linkage to be activated only for parking spaces with actual charging needs, eliminating the need for indiscriminate spraying across the entire area; at the same time, the device uses the parameter slope calculation unit and fire level determination unit to identify the speed and spread trend of fire development, and combines the coordinate information of image detectors to form dynamic fire suppression zones, and completes equipment status self-checks before fire suppression is initiated, making the device's fire situation judgment more consistent with the actual situation on site, the fire suppression actions are graded and controllable, the zones are precise, and the equipment's operational stability and environmental adaptability are improved.

[0007] Preferably, the device cabinet is equipped with an isolation partition, dividing it into an upper electrical compartment, a middle fluid equipment compartment, and a lower valve assembly installation compartment; the upper electrical compartment is equipped with PLC electrical control components, signal acquisition isolation modules, and power supply lightning protection and voltage stabilization assemblies; the middle fluid equipment compartment is equipped with a liquid storage tank and a pump assembly, with a shock-absorbing base at the bottom of the pump assembly; the lower valve assembly installation compartment is equipped with a main ball valve and a safety pressure relief valve, and the pipeline pressure acquisition module detection end is connected to the main pipeline.

[0008] Preferably, the distributed detection unit includes photoelectric smoke detectors, temperature detectors, flame detectors, image detectors, and composite smoke-temperature detectors, wherein each detector is installed on the top of the charging area in the carport, so that the signals of all detectors are connected to the corresponding zone control box.

[0009] Preferably, the prefabricated spray pipe is a galvanized anti-corrosion pipe, laid along the carport pillars and the inner side of the roof; each parking space branch pipe corresponds to one charging parking space, and a solenoid valve is installed between each parking space branch pipe and the main pipe; the customized nozzle has a built-in filter screen and a detachable protective cover on the outside, and the nozzle is positioned towards the electric vehicle battery compartment and flammable parts of the vehicle body.

[0010] Preferably, the partition control box is a sealed enclosure, wall-mounted on the carport column; the partition control box contains a partition signal relay board, a solenoid valve drive relay, and status indicator lights; the partition control box connects to local detectors and parking space condition acquisition module signals, and transmits data bidirectionally with the PLC electrical control components through a shielded bus.

[0011] Preferably, the PLC electrical control element stores a correction coefficient lookup table, enabling the PLC electrical control element to match temperature, dust, and electromagnetic interference sub-item correction coefficients based on environmental parameter acquisition module data, calculate the comprehensive environmental coupling correction coefficient, and correct the detector's basic fire threshold.

[0012] Preferably, the PLC electrical control component includes a dynamic partition matching module, which is connected to the level gauge, the pipeline pressure acquisition module, the solenoid valve status feedback contact, and the detector working status signal.

[0013] Preferably, the PLC electrical control component is equipped with a residual heat decay rate calculation and re-ignition judgment logic unit, which enables the re-ignition judgment logic unit to continuously collect the area temperature, calculate the temperature decay rate, determine the re-ignition risk based on the rate, and perform secondary spraying on the corresponding parking space.

[0014] Preferably, the device cabinet, pipe connectors, solenoid valve housing, and detector housing are all coated with anti-corrosion paint; the device cabinet doors, wiring and pipe locations are equipped with sealing strips, and the electrical contacts are equipped with waterproof junction boxes and waterproof aviation plugs.

[0015] Preferably, a fire prevention and extinguishing method for an electric vehicle shed charging area includes the following steps: After the device is powered on, it completes initialization and hardware self-test. The PLC electrical control components collect data on the carport environment, fire situation, parking space conditions, liquid level in the storage tank, and pipeline static pressure parameters at fixed intervals. PLC electrical control components are matched with the corresponding sub-item correction coefficients of the environment, the comprehensive environmental coupling correction coefficients are calculated, and the basic fire threshold of the detector is corrected. When the detector's continuous sampling values ​​exceed the corrected threshold for multiple cycles, a fire pre-judgment is triggered; based on parking space occupancy and charging parameters, the ineffective parking space solenoid valve is locked to determine the target fire engine position; The parameter slope calculation unit calculates the time-series rise slope of temperature and smoke concentration, and the fire level determination unit divides the fire level according to the slope interval, matching the audible and visual alarm, fixed-point discharge, and zone linkage discharge control modes. Dynamic fire extinguishing zones are delineated based on the open flame coordinates of the image detector; before discharge, the liquid level, pipeline pressure, solenoid valve, and detector status are self-checked. After the self-check is qualified, the pump group is started and the corresponding zone solenoid valve is opened, and the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed in a directional manner by the customized nozzle. During the firefighting process, the firefighting zones are adjusted according to the fire area; after the open flames are extinguished, a temperature reassessment cycle is entered to calculate the temperature decay rate and selectively spray secondary sprays at fixed points based on the risk of reignition. When there is no risk of reignition, close the solenoid valve, stop the pump unit, reset the system and alarm status, record the operating data, and restore the unit to the periodic inspection mode.

[0016] This invention provides a fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure and method for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses an environmental parameter acquisition module in conjunction with PLC electrical control components to dynamically correct fire thresholds. It combines on-site temperature, dust, and electromagnetic interference to adjust the judgment criteria in real time, adapting to the complex outdoor environment of the carport. This solves the problem of false triggering caused by environmental interference and electromagnetic influence of charging equipment, thereby improving the accuracy of fire judgment. It enables fire early warning and control in unmanned areas, suppressing the spread of fire sources and achieving 24 / 7 automatic fire prevention and extinguishing management in the carport charging area.

[0017] 2. This invention establishes parking space condition acquisition and linkage interlocking logic, combines temperature and smoke concentration temporal slopes to classify fire severity levels, and generates dynamic fire suppression zones based on image coordinates. The device only performs fire suppression operations on locations where vehicles are actually parked and charging, avoiding indiscriminate general spraying. It matches corresponding actions based on the fire's development, reducing ineffective consumption of extinguishing agents, and ensuring the fire suppression operation closely matches the actual fire distribution on site.

[0018] 3. This invention incorporates a multi-dimensional closed-loop self-check of equipment status before the discharge is initiated, and adds a residual heat decay rate calculation and reignition detection mechanism after fire extinguishing. The self-check process can proactively identify abnormalities in liquid level, pipeline pressure, valve assembly, and detection equipment, preventing the device from being put into use with faults; residual heat monitoring can identify the risk of reignition caused by heat accumulation, and eliminate the risk through targeted secondary spraying, thereby improving the reliability of equipment operation and the overall integrity of fire protection. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system architecture of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a fire control flowchart of the fire extinguishing structure of the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention provides a fire prevention and extinguishing method flow.

[0020] The components include: 1. Equipment cabinet; 101. Upper electrical compartment; 102. Middle fluid equipment compartment; 103. Lower valve assembly compartment; 2. Pump set; 3. Storage tank; 4. Level gauge; 5. Solenoid valve; 6. Ball valve; 7. PLC electrical control components; 8. Prefabricated spray pipeline; 801. Main pipeline; 802. Parking space branch pipeline; 9. Customized nozzles; 10. Zone control box; 11. Environmental parameter acquisition module; 12. Parking space operating condition acquisition module; 13. Pipeline pressure acquisition module; 14. Distributed detection unit; 15. Image detector. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1 Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2This invention provides a fire prevention and extinguishing structure for an electric vehicle charging area, including a device cabinet 1, a pump set 2, a storage tank 3, a special extinguishing agent, a level gauge 4, a solenoid valve 5, a ball valve 6, a PLC electrical control component 7, a prefabricated spray pipeline 8, customized nozzles 9, pipeline connectors, a zone control box 10, and a distributed detection unit 14. The pump set 2 and the storage tank 3 are arranged in layers inside the device cabinet 1. The outlet of the storage tank 3 is connected to the inlet pipeline of the pump set 2. The level gauge 4 is installed inside the storage tank 3. The prefabricated spray pipeline 8 includes a main pipeline 80. 1. Multiple parking space branch pipelines 802; main pipeline 801 connects pump group 2 and liquid storage tank 3 via ball valve 6 and solenoid valve 5; each parking space branch pipeline 802 is connected to a customized nozzle 9; zone control box 10 has reserved installation positions for alarm controllers; zone control box 10 is communicatively connected to PLC electrical control element 7; the device cabinet 1 is equipped with an isolation partition, dividing it into an upper electrical compartment 101, a middle fluid equipment compartment 102, and a lower valve group installation compartment 103; the upper electrical compartment 101 houses the PLC electrical control element 7 and signal acquisition... The system includes a module, a power supply surge protection and voltage stabilization assembly; a middle-level fluid equipment compartment 102 with a fixed liquid storage tank 3 and a pump group 2, with a shock-absorbing base at the bottom of the pump group 2; a lower-level valve group installation compartment 103 with a main ball valve 6 and a safety relief valve; a pipeline pressure acquisition module 13 with its detection end connected to the main pipeline 801; and a distributed detection unit 14 including a photoelectric smoke detector, a temperature detector, a flame detector, an image detector 15, and a composite smoke-temperature detector, with each detector installed on the top of the charging area in the carport, allowing all detector signals to be connected to the corresponding zone control. Box 10, prefabricated spray pipe 8 is galvanized anti-corrosion pipe, laid along the carport columns and the inner side of the roof; each parking space branch pipe 802 corresponds to one charging parking space, so that each parking space branch pipe 802 is installed between the main pipe 801 and the main pipe 801; the customized nozzle 9 has a built-in filter screen and a detachable protective cover on the outside. The nozzle is laid facing the electric vehicle battery compartment and the flammable parts of the vehicle body. The zone control box 10 is a sealed box, wall-mounted on the carport column; the zone control box 10 contains a zone signal relay board, solenoid valve drive relay and status indicator light.The zone control box 10 connects to the local detector and parking space condition acquisition module 12, and transmits data bidirectionally with the PLC electrical control element 7 via a shielded bus. The PLC electrical control element 7 stores a correction coefficient lookup table, enabling it to match temperature, dust, and electromagnetic interference correction coefficients based on data from the environmental parameter acquisition module 11, calculate the comprehensive environmental coupling correction coefficient, and correct the detector's basic fire threshold. The PLC electrical control element 7 includes a dynamic zone matching module, which connects to the level gauge 4, pipeline pressure acquisition module 13, solenoid valve 5 status feedback contact, and detector operating status signal. The PLC electrical control element 7 has a built-in residual heat decay rate calculation and re-ignition judgment logic unit, which continuously collects the area temperature, calculates the temperature decay rate, determines the re-ignition risk based on the rate, and performs secondary spraying on the corresponding parking space. The device cabinet 1, pipeline connectors, solenoid valve 5 housing, and detector housing are all coated with anti-corrosion paint. Sealing strips are installed at the door, wiring, and conduit locations of the device cabinet 1, and waterproof junction boxes and waterproof aviation plugs are provided for electrical contacts.

[0023] Specifically, the cabinet 1 adopts an integrated, sealed enclosure structure, suitable for long-term outdoor installation. The interior of cabinet 1 is divided into an upper electrical compartment 101, a middle fluid equipment compartment 102, and a lower valve assembly compartment 103 by partitions. These compartments are isolated from each other to prevent interference between electrical and fluid components. The upper electrical compartment 101 houses the PLC electrical control components 7, signal acquisition isolation modules, and a power supply surge protection and voltage stabilization assembly. All electrical components are fixedly installed and have shielded wiring. The middle fluid equipment compartment 102 houses the storage tank 3 and the pump assembly 2. The pump assembly 2 has a vibration-damping base at its bottom to reduce the impact of equipment vibration on pipeline sealing. The lower-level valve group is installed in compartment 103, which centrally arranges the main ball valve 6 and safety relief valve. The detection end of the pipeline pressure acquisition module 13 is connected to the inside of the main pipeline 81 to collect the pipeline medium pressure in real time. The pump group 2 and the liquid storage tank 3 are arranged in layers inside the device cabinet 1. The outlet of the liquid storage tank 3 is connected to the inlet pipeline of the pump group 2. The level gauge 4 is vertically installed on the side wall of the liquid storage tank 3 to monitor the amount of extinguishing agent in the tank in real time. The prefabricated discharge pipeline 8 uses galvanized anti-corrosion pipe material, which is prefabricated in the factory and then spliced ​​and laid on site. The pipeline is concealed and fixed along the columns of the carport and the inside of the roof. Each charging car position corresponds to a branch pipeline 82. Each branch pipeline 82 is equipped with a separate solenoid valve 5 between it and the main pipeline 81 to realize independent on / off control of a single car position. The customized nozzle 9 has a built-in filter and a removable protective cover. The nozzle 9 is installed at an angle aimed at the electric vehicle's battery compartment and flammable parts of the vehicle body. The zone control box 10 is a sealed enclosure, wall-mounted on the side wall of the carport pillar. Inside the zone control box 10 are zone signal relay boards, solenoid valve drive relays, and status indicator lights. The zone control box 10 connects to the area detectors and the parking space condition acquisition module 12, establishing bidirectional data transmission with the PLC electrical control element 7 via a shielded bus. The device also includes an environmental parameter acquisition module 11, a parking space condition acquisition module 12, and a pipeline pressure acquisition module 13. All three modules are connected to the PLC electrical control element 7. The PLC electrical control element 7 integrates a parameter slope calculation unit, a multi-condition linkage interlocking logic unit, a fire level determination unit, and a dynamic zone matching execution unit. The environmental parameter acquisition module 11 is located in an open area of ​​the carport, collecting ambient temperature, dust concentration, and electromagnetic interference intensity from charging piles. Parking space status acquisition module 12 is deployed on the side of each parking space to collect parking space occupancy status, charging pile operating current, and operating voltage. Pipeline pressure acquisition module 13 is connected to the main pipeline 81 to collect the static pressure of the medium inside the pipeline. The PLC electrical control component 7 internally stores a correction coefficient lookup table. Based on the data collected in real time by the environmental parameter acquisition module 11, it matches the temperature, dust, and electromagnetic interference sub-item correction coefficients, calculates the comprehensive environmental coupling correction coefficient, and corrects the detector's basic fire threshold. The parameter slope calculation unit calculates the temperature time-series rise slope and the smoke concentration time-series rise slope based on the continuously collected temperature and smoke concentration data.The fire severity level determination unit classifies fire severity levels based on two slope value ranges and matches them with a graded linkage control strategy. The device is also equipped with a distributed detection unit 14, which includes photoelectric smoke detectors, temperature detectors, flame detectors, image detectors 15, and composite smoke-temperature detectors. All detectors are uniformly installed on the top grid structure of the charging area in the carport, and all detector signals are connected to the corresponding zone control box 10. The dynamic zone matching execution unit is connected to the level gauge 4, the pipeline pressure acquisition module 13, the status feedback contact of the solenoid valve 5, and the detector working status signal. Before the discharge action is started, the liquid level of the storage tank 3, the pipeline static pressure, the on / off status of the solenoid valve 5, and the online working status of the detector are checked in sequence. If any parameter does not meet the set conditions, the automatic discharge process is locked and a fault alarm signal is output. The PLC electrical control element 7 has a built-in residual temperature decay rate calculation and re-ignition judgment logic unit. After the open flame is extinguished, the temperature of the protected area is continuously collected, the temperature decay rate is calculated, the risk of re-ignition is judged based on the rate, and a second fixed-point spray is performed on the car space with potential hazards. The device cabinet 1, pipe fittings, solenoid valve 5 housing, and detector housing are all treated with anti-corrosion spray coating. Sealing strips are installed at the gaps in the cabinet 1 door, as well as at the locations where wires and pipes pass through. Electrical contacts are equipped with waterproof junction boxes and waterproof aviation plugs to meet the requirements for outdoor waterproof, dustproof, and corrosion-resistant use.

[0024] The device is also equipped with an environmental parameter acquisition module 11, a parking space condition acquisition module 12, and a pipeline pressure acquisition module 13. All three types of acquisition modules are connected to the PLC electrical control element 7 via signal connections. The PLC electrical control element 7 integrates a parameter slope calculation unit, a multi-condition linkage interlocking logic unit, a fire level determination unit, and a dynamic zoning matching execution unit. The environmental parameter acquisition module 11 acquires the ambient temperature of the carport, dust concentration, and electromagnetic interference intensity of the charging piles; the parking space condition acquisition module 12 acquires the occupancy status of each charging parking space, the operating current of the charging piles, and the operating voltage; the pipeline pressure acquisition module 13 acquires the static pressure of the medium inside the prefabricated spray pipeline 8.

[0025] The multi-condition linkage interlocking logic unit, based on the parking space occupancy status and the charging pile's electrical operating parameters, performs interlocking control on solenoid valve 5 corresponding to vacant parking spaces and parking spaces without charging operation, granting fire suppression linkage permission only to areas where vehicles are parked and charging. The parameter slope calculation unit retrieves temperature and smoke concentration sampling data at continuous equal intervals to complete the slope calculation, using the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula: The slope of the temperature rise over time; , The ambient temperature at two adjacent time points; The slope of the time-series increase in smoke concentration; , The smoke concentration is between two adjacent time points; The sampling time step is fixed.

[0028] The fire severity level determination unit classifies fire severity levels based on the numerical ranges of the temperature and smoke concentration time-series rise slopes, and matches corresponding graded linkage control strategies. This device abandons the traditional fixed threshold single triggering method and introduces a multi-environmental parameter coupling correction mechanism. It calculates the comprehensive environmental coupling correction coefficient by matching real-time environmental parameters with sub-item correction coefficients, and then dynamically corrects the detector's basic fire severity determination threshold. The correction calculation formula is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula: This is a comprehensive environmental coupling correction coefficient; This is the temperature component correction factor; This refers to the correction factor for the dust concentration component; Electromagnetic interference component correction factor; The fire situation assessment threshold is dynamically adjusted. This is the detector's basic nominal threshold.

[0031] The dynamic zoning matching execution unit receives the open flame coordinate information output by the image detector 15 and, in conjunction with the topology of the prefabricated discharge pipeline 8, delineates dynamic fire extinguishing zones, no longer employing the fixed physical zone simultaneous discharge mode. Before executing the fire extinguishing action, the device synchronously completes a closed-loop self-check of the liquid level in the storage tank 3, the static pressure in the pipeline, the on / off status of the solenoid valve 5, and the online status of the detectors; if any parameter fails to meet the set conditions, the automatic discharge process is locked and a fault alarm signal is output.

[0032] The PLC electrical control element 7 also integrates a residual heat decay rate calculation and reignition judgment logic unit. After the open flame signal disappears, this unit continuously collects regional temperature data, calculates the temperature decay rate, judges the reignition risk based on the decay rate, and performs a secondary targeted spraying operation on the corresponding parking space according to the judgment result. The device cabinet 1, pipeline connections, electrical and detection peripherals are all treated with anti-corrosion and sealing structures. The hardware in the cabinet 1 is arranged in a compartmentalized manner to meet the waterproof, dustproof and environmental adaptability requirements under outdoor installation conditions.

[0033] Example 2 Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2This invention provides a fire prevention and extinguishing method for electric vehicle shed charging areas. This method relies on the device hardware architecture and the built-in computing logic of the PLC electrical control element 7 to complete the fully automated management and control, and can be adapted to the daily fire protection operation of the shed without human intervention.

[0034] After power-on, the device automatically completes system initialization and hardware self-test. The PLC electrical control element 7 collects parallel data on the carport environment, fire detection parameters, parking space occupancy status, charging pile electrical parameters, liquid level in storage tank 3, and pipeline static pressure parameters at fixed intervals. Based on the collected ambient temperature, dust concentration, and charging pile electromagnetic interference intensity, the system matches corresponding sub-item correction coefficients to calculate the comprehensive environmental coupling correction coefficient. This dynamically corrects the detector's basic fire threshold, reducing the numerical drift caused by outdoor environment and charging electromagnetic interference on the detection data.

[0035] When the sampling values ​​of the detector exceed the dynamically corrected fire judgment threshold for multiple consecutive sampling cycles, the system triggers a fire pre-judgment. Combining the parking space occupancy status and the electrical condition of the charging pile, the system locks the solenoid valve 5 corresponding to vacant parking spaces and parking spaces without charging status, thus locking the effective working parking spaces as the fire extinguishing target area.

[0036] The system retrieves continuous time-series temperature and smoke concentration sampling data, calculates the time-series rise slope of temperature and smoke concentration respectively, and classifies the fire level according to the slope value range, corresponding to three response methods: on-site audible and visual alarm, fixed-point zoned spraying, and linked zoned spraying. Based on the open flame coordinate information of image detector 15, dynamic fire extinguishing zones are delineated. Before spraying, a self-check is performed on the liquid level, pipeline pressure, solenoid valve 5, and detector working status. After passing the self-check, pump unit 2 is started, the corresponding zone solenoid valve 5 is opened, and the extinguishing agent is sprayed directionally towards the fire area through customized nozzles 9.

[0037] During firefighting, fire parameters are continuously collected, and the dynamic firefighting zone boundaries are adjusted according to the fire spread range. After the open flame characteristic signal disappears, the system enters a temperature reassessment cycle, continuously collecting the area temperature and calculating the decay rate. Based on the decay rate, potential reignition hazards are identified, and if a hazard is found, a targeted secondary spraying operation is performed. After confirming that there is no risk of reignition, the zone solenoid valve 5 is closed sequentially, pump group 2 is shut down, the system control logic and alarm status are reset, and equipment operating data is recorded. After the device completes the reset, it enters a periodic inspection and monitoring mode to achieve 24 / 7 closed-loop fire prevention and firefighting control.

[0038] Working Principle: During operation, the device powers on, completes initialization and hardware self-test, and the PLC electrical control component 7 synchronously collects various environmental, operating condition, and equipment status parameters at fixed intervals. The fire judgment threshold is updated through a multi-parameter coupling correction method, reducing judgment bias caused by external environmental factors and electromagnetic interference. When the detection data meets the pre-judgment conditions, the target protected parking space is locked by combining the parking space occupancy and charging status with the ineffective area solenoid valve 5. The slope of temperature and smoke concentration changes is calculated using continuous time-series data, and the fire level is classified based on the slope range, matching corresponding alarm, fixed-point discharge, or zone-linked discharge strategies.

[0039] Using image detector 15 to determine the coordinates of open flames, dynamic fire suppression zones are delineated. Before spraying, a self-check of the entire system is performed. After passing the self-check, pump unit 2 and the corresponding solenoid valve 5 are activated, and customized nozzles 9 perform directional fire suppression spraying. During the fire suppression process, the zone boundaries are adjusted according to the fire area. After the open flames are extinguished, a residual temperature reassessment process is initiated, and the need for secondary spraying is determined based on the temperature decay rate. Once it is confirmed that there is no risk of reignition, the equipment is shut down, the logic is reset, and the operating data is recorded. The device then re-enters the periodic inspection working state, cyclically achieving all-weather automatic fire prevention and suppression control of the carport charging area.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fireproof and extinguishing structure for an electric vehicle shed charging area, comprising a device cabinet (1), a pump set (2), a storage tank (3), a special extinguishing agent, a level gauge (4), a solenoid valve (5), a ball valve (6), a PLC electrical control component (7), a prefabricated spray pipeline (8), a customized nozzle (9), pipeline connectors, a zone control box (10), and a distributed detection unit (14), characterized in that: The pump set (2) and the storage tank (3) are arranged in layers inside the device cabinet (1). The outlet of the storage tank (3) is connected to the inlet pipe of the pump set (2). The level gauge (4) is installed inside the storage tank (3). The prefabricated spray pipeline (8) includes a main pipeline (801) and multiple parking space branch pipelines (802). The main pipeline (801) is connected to the pump set (2) and the storage tank (3) via a ball valve (6) and a solenoid valve (5). Each parking space branch pipeline (802) is connected to a customized nozzle (9). The partition control box (10) has a reserved installation position for an alarm controller. The partition control box (10) is communicatively connected to the PLC electrical control element (7).

2. The fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device cabinet (1) is equipped with an isolation partition, which divides it into an upper electrical compartment (101), a middle fluid equipment compartment (102), and a lower valve assembly installation compartment (103). The upper electrical compartment (101) is equipped with PLC electrical control components (7), a signal acquisition isolation module, and a power supply lightning protection and voltage stabilization assembly. The middle fluid equipment compartment (102) is equipped with a liquid storage tank (3) and a pump group (2), and the bottom of the pump group (2) is equipped with a shock-absorbing base. The lower valve assembly installation compartment (103) is equipped with a main ball valve (6) and a safety pressure relief valve, and the detection end of the pipeline pressure acquisition module (13) is connected to the main pipeline (801).

3. The fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed detection unit (14) includes a photoelectric smoke detector, a temperature detector, a flame detector, an image detector (15), and a composite smoke-temperature detector. Each detector is installed on the top of the charging area of ​​the carport, so that all detector signals are connected to the corresponding partition control box (10).

4. The fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated spray pipe (8) is a galvanized anti-corrosion pipe, which is laid along the carport pillars and the inner side of the roof; each parking space branch pipe (802) corresponds to one charging parking space, so that each parking space branch pipe (802) is connected to the main pipe (801) with a solenoid valve; the customized nozzle (9) has a built-in filter screen and a detachable protective cover on the outside, and the nozzle is arranged facing the electric vehicle battery compartment and the flammable parts of the vehicle body.

5. The fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition control box (10) is a sealed box that is wall-mounted on the carport column; the partition control box (10) contains a partition signal relay board, a solenoid valve drive relay and a status indicator light; the partition control box (10) is connected to the signals of the local detector and the parking space condition acquisition module (12) and transmits data bidirectionally with the PLC electrical control element (7) through the shielded bus.

6. The fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC electrical control element (7) stores a correction coefficient lookup table, so that the PLC electrical control element (7) matches the temperature, dust and electromagnetic interference sub-item correction coefficients according to the data of the environmental parameter acquisition module (11), calculates the environmental comprehensive coupling correction coefficient, and corrects the basic fire threshold of the detector.

7. The fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC electrical control element (7) includes a dynamic partition matching module, which is connected to the level gauge (4), the pipeline pressure acquisition module (13), the status feedback contact of the solenoid valve (5), and the working status signal of the detector.

8. The fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC electrical control component (7) is equipped with a residual heat decay rate calculation and re-ignition judgment logic unit, which enables the re-ignition judgment logic unit to continuously collect the area temperature, calculate the temperature decay rate, determine the re-ignition risk based on the rate, and perform secondary spraying on the corresponding parking space.

9. The fireproof and fire-extinguishing structure for the charging area of ​​an electric vehicle shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device cabinet (1), pipe connectors, solenoid valve (5) housing, and detector housing are all coated with anti-corrosion spray; the device cabinet (1) door, wiring and pipe positions are equipped with sealing strips, and the electrical contacts are equipped with waterproof junction boxes and waterproof aviation plugs.

10. A fire prevention and extinguishing method for an electric vehicle shed charging area, comprising a fire prevention and extinguishing structure for an electric vehicle shed charging area according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: After the device is powered on, it completes initialization and hardware self-test. The PLC electrical control component (7) collects the carport environment, fire situation, parking space conditions, liquid level of storage tank (3), and pipeline static pressure parameters at a fixed cycle. PLC electrical control components (7) match the corresponding sub-item correction coefficients of the environment, calculate the comprehensive environmental coupling correction coefficients, and correct the basic fire threshold of the detector; When the detector's continuous sampling values ​​exceed the corrected threshold for multiple cycles, a fire pre-judgment is triggered; based on the parking space occupancy and charging parameters, the invalid parking space solenoid valve (5) is locked to determine the target fire extinguishing position; The parameter slope calculation unit calculates the time-series rise slope of temperature and smoke concentration, and the fire level determination unit divides the fire level according to the slope interval, matching the audible and visual alarm, fixed-point discharge, and zone linkage discharge control modes. Dynamic fire extinguishing zones are defined based on the open flame coordinates of the image detector (15); before spraying, the liquid level, pipeline pressure, solenoid valve (5), and detector status are self-checked. After the self-check is qualified, the pump group (2) is started and the corresponding zone solenoid valve (5) is opened, and the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed in a directional manner by the customized nozzle (9). During the firefighting process, the firefighting zones are adjusted according to the fire area; after the open flames are extinguished, a temperature reassessment cycle is entered to calculate the temperature decay rate and selectively spray secondary sprays at fixed points based on the risk of reignition. When there is no risk of reignition, close the solenoid valve (5), stop the pump group (2), reset the system and alarm status, record the operating data, and restore the device to the periodic inspection mode.

Images