Groundwater automatic monitoring super station and groundwater automatic monitoring method

Abstract

The embodiments of the present application disclose an automatic monitoring super station of underground water and an automatic monitoring method of underground water. A specific embodiment of the method comprises a water sampling device, a source water pipeline, a water distribution and pretreatment device, a water distribution pipeline, a monitoring and analyzing instrument and a control device, characterized in that the water sampling device is fixedly connected with the source water pipeline; the water distribution and pretreatment device is fixedly connected with the source water pipeline; the water distribution and pretreatment device is fixedly connected with the water distribution pipeline; the monitoring and analyzing instrument is fixedly connected with the water distribution pipeline; and the control device is electrically connected with the water sampling device, the water distribution and pretreatment device and the monitoring and analyzing instrument respectively, for controlling the water sampling device, the water distribution and pretreatment device and the monitoring and analyzing instrument. The embodiment realizes automatic and continuous monitoring of conventional parameters in underground water, provides high-efficiency, continuous and long-sequence water quality data, enables scientific and refined decision-making, and helps to move towards a new stage of ecological protection and sustainable utilization of water resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this application relate to the field of automatic groundwater monitoring, specifically to automatic groundwater monitoring superstations and automatic groundwater monitoring methods. Background Technology

[0002] Groundwater, as a vital water source for urban and rural areas, is a crucial strategic resource supporting sustainable social development and plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining social and ecological health. Groundwater pollution is highly insidious; therefore, groundwater environmental monitoring systems are of paramount importance in groundwater pollution prevention and environmental protection, serving as essential infrastructure for ecological civilization construction.

[0003] Currently, the development of automatic monitoring of groundwater quality lags behind that of automatic monitoring of surface water and atmosphere. First, groundwater quality monitoring still relies mainly on manual sampling, which has poor timeliness and limited existing automatic monitoring indicators, failing to meet the requirements of refined environmental management. Second, the automatic groundwater monitoring technology is not perfect, the monitoring standards and specifications are not sound, and a mature automatic groundwater monitoring system has not been formed. Third, the automatic monitoring capacity for groundwater is insufficient, making it difficult to meet the planning requirements for coordinated supervision of above-ground and underground water.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of the inventive concept, and therefore may contain information that does not form prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The summary section of this application is intended to provide a brief overview of the concepts, which will be described in detail in the detailed description section below. This summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed technical solutions, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed technical solutions.

[0006] Some embodiments of this application propose automatic groundwater monitoring methods, apparatus, computer equipment, and computer-readable storage media to solve one or more of the technical problems mentioned in the background section above.

[0007] In a first aspect, some embodiments of this application provide an automatic groundwater monitoring superstation, comprising: a water sampling device, a source water pipeline, a water distribution and pretreatment device, a water distribution pipeline, a monitoring and analysis instrument, and a control device, characterized in that: the water sampling device is fixedly connected to the source water pipeline; the water distribution and pretreatment device is fixedly connected to the source water pipeline; the water distribution and pretreatment device is fixedly connected to the water distribution pipeline; the monitoring and analysis instrument is fixedly connected to the water distribution pipeline; and the control device is electrically connected to the water sampling device, the water distribution and pretreatment device, and the monitoring and analysis instrument respectively, for controlling the water sampling device, the water distribution and pretreatment device, and the monitoring and analysis instrument.

[0008] Optionally, the aforementioned water sampling device includes: a water sampling pump, a water sampling pipeline, a water sampling structure, a cleaning auxiliary device, and a thermal insulation auxiliary device, wherein the water sampling pump is fixedly connected to the water sampling pipeline; the water sampling pipeline is fixedly connected to the water sampling structure; a high-pressure rubber hose is configured at the front end of the water sampling pipeline; the cleaning auxiliary device is fixedly connected to the water sampling pipeline for cleaning the water sampling pipeline; and the thermal insulation auxiliary device is fixedly connected to the water sampling pipeline.

[0009] Optionally, the aforementioned water distribution and pretreatment device includes: a pretreatment device and a water sample distribution device, wherein the pretreatment device includes: a sedimentation component and a filtration component; the sedimentation component and the filtration component are fixedly connected; the pretreatment device and the water sample distribution device are fixedly connected; the water sample distribution device includes: a water distribution pipeline, an instrument water distribution branch pipe, at least one expansion interface, and a status monitoring and alarm component; the water distribution pipeline and the instrument water distribution branch pipe are fixedly connected; the water distribution pipeline is connected in series; the instrument water distribution branch pipe is connected in parallel; the at least one expansion interface is fixedly connected to the water distribution pipeline and the instrument water distribution branch pipe respectively; the status monitoring and alarm component is electrically connected to the water distribution pipeline and the instrument water distribution branch pipe respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the aforementioned water distribution and pretreatment device further includes: an automatic backwashing component and an automatic algae removal component, wherein the automatic backwashing component includes: an air compressor, an air tank, a solenoid valve, a pressure regulating valve, an air delivery pipeline, a check valve, and an air interface; the automatic backwashing component is connected to the aforementioned water distribution pipeline, the aforementioned pretreatment device, and the aforementioned water sampling device respectively through the air interface; the automatic algae removal component includes: an ozone algae removal device and a clean water backwashing device; the ozone algae removal device is fixedly connected to the aforementioned pretreatment device and the aforementioned water sample distribution device respectively; the clean water backwashing device is fixedly connected to the aforementioned pretreatment device and the aforementioned water sample distribution device respectively.

[0011] Secondly, some embodiments of this application provide an automatic groundwater monitoring method, which includes: controlling a water sampling pump to collect groundwater samples; transporting the groundwater samples to a water distribution and pretreatment device through a source water pipeline to pretreat the groundwater samples; transporting the pretreated groundwater samples to a monitoring and analysis instrument through a water distribution pipeline to obtain groundwater monitoring information; obtaining groundwater pollution information based on the groundwater monitoring information and a pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model; determining groundwater pollution early warning information based on the groundwater pollution information; and sending the groundwater pollution early warning information to an early warning device for early warning processing.

[0012] The above-described embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: First, modular integrated design enables fully automated operation. The modular design of each monitoring indicator allows for flexible expansion, enabling fully automated operation of at least 25 groundwater quality indicators throughout the "well washing-sampling-monitoring" process. The monitoring instruments have automatic fault alarm functions, enabling unattended operation. Timely data collection and real-time transmission to the information platform enable remote real-time monitoring of data, facilitating timely understanding of groundwater dynamics. Second, advanced and highly accurate monitoring and analysis methods ensure reliable and stable data. The monitoring and analysis instruments employ advanced monitoring methods with high detection accuracy and automatic quality control functions, guaranteeing the quality of monitoring data. Sample collection automatically adjusts the well washing time and water volume, resulting in good well washing effects, ensuring sample representativeness, and reliable test results. Third, integrated control facilitates convenient operation and maintenance. The system uses integrated data acquisition, transmission, and control software, enabling remote viewing of fault alarms, remote single-point control, and data viewing, reducing the frequency of on-site maintenance by operation and maintenance personnel and facilitating timely handling of site faults or emergency management. Finally, continuous real-time data provides more scientific decision-making. With its low cost and ease of deployment, the system significantly lowers the monitoring threshold and establishes a reliable groundwater data foundation through multi-point, long-term continuous sensing capabilities. By providing real-time, continuous, and reliable key data such as water level and quality, the equipment provides solid support for government supervision, enterprise management, and scientific research analysis, promoting a shift in groundwater resource management from passive response to proactive prevention. As an important technological tool in the modern environmental governance system, the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation is empowering more scientific and refined decision-making with its precise and efficient data capabilities, helping ecological protection and sustainable water resource utilization to reach a new stage. Furthermore, it can achieve groundwater monitoring and early warning in high-risk areas such as chemical industrial parks, landfills, and tailings ponds. It can also monitor the concentration of characteristic pollutants (such as VOCs, heavy metals, and ammonia nitrogen) downstream of high-risk pollution sources such as chemical industrial parks, landfills, and tailings ponds. Continuous monitoring of potential environmental risks and real-time capture of groundwater quality dynamics are crucial. In the event of an abnormal rise in water quality, immediate source tracing and alarms are triggered to control pollution to a minimum, preventing harm to downstream water sources or other sensitive targets. This provides data support for enterprise compliance management, risk warning, and green production transformation. For key soil and groundwater remediation projects, after the implementation of groundwater pollution remediation projects, the dense data from superstations allows for precise assessment of the effectiveness of remediation technologies and monitoring of pollution plume migration and reduction processes. It can also achieve groundwater monitoring and early warning in ecologically critical areas. Field observation bases in areas with close surface water-groundwater interaction utilize long-term real-time groundwater monitoring data to study the quantity and quality interaction between surface water and groundwater in key watersheds. Combined with surface water and water ecology monitoring, this achieves integrated monitoring of "water resources, water environment, and water ecology," providing a complete data chain for surface water-groundwater interaction research.Real-time monitoring of seawater intrusion in coastal cities involves deploying monitoring profiles perpendicular to the coastline within freshwater aquifers. This system monitors chloride ion concentration, conductivity, and groundwater level in real time. It accurately maps the dynamics of the brackish water interface, providing early warnings of the occurrence and development of seawater intrusion, and offering immediate data for adjusting extraction plans, implementing artificial barriers, or reinjection. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this application will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of some embodiments of the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation according to this application; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a water sampling device according to some embodiments of the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation of this application; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a water distribution and pretreatment device according to some embodiments of the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation of this application; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a water distribution and pretreatment device according to some other embodiments of the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring well pipeline connection according to some embodiments of the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation of this application; Figure 6 This is a construction diagram of the insulation measures for the water intake pipeline according to some embodiments of the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a groundwater automatic monitoring superstation system according to some embodiments of the groundwater automatic monitoring superstation of this application; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of some embodiments of the automatic groundwater monitoring method according to this application. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this application. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of this application are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0016] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0017] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this application are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules or units or their interdependencies.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this application are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0019] The names of the messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of this application are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of these messages or information.

[0020] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figures 1 to 4 A structural schematic diagram 100 of some embodiments of an automatic groundwater monitoring superstation according to this application is shown. For example... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the automatic groundwater monitoring super station includes: a water sampling device 101, a source water pipeline 102, a water distribution and pretreatment device 103, a water distribution pipeline 104, a monitoring and analysis instrument 105, and a control device 106. The water sampling device 101 is fixedly connected to the source water pipeline 102.

[0022] Optionally, the water sampling device 101 includes: a water sampling pump 1011, a water sampling pipeline 1012, a water sampling structure 1013, a cleaning auxiliary device 1014, and a thermal insulation auxiliary device 1015. The water sampling pump 1011 is fixedly connected to the water sampling pipeline 1012. The water sampling pipeline 1012 is fixedly connected to the water sampling structure 1013. A high-pressure rubber hose is installed at the front end of the water sampling pipeline 1012. The cleaning auxiliary device 1014 is fixedly connected to the water sampling pipeline 1012 and is used to clean the water sampling pipeline 1012. The thermal insulation auxiliary device 1015 is fixedly connected to the water sampling pipeline 1012.

[0023] In practice, the water sampling device 101 can be configured with dual water sampling pumps and dual water sampling pipelines according to the "one in use, one on standby" principle. The water sampling pump 1011 can be configured according to the on-site water sampling distance and water level difference to meet the water volume and pressure requirements of the water station operation. The water sampling pipeline is made of chemically stable UPVC (Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride), PPR (Polypropylene Random Copolymer), or PE (Polyethylene), with a high-pressure rubber hose at the front end, equipped with heat tracing tape, insulation cotton, and other insulation and antifreeze measures. The water sampling cable is a waterproof cable. The cleaning system utilizes an air compressor to vent the water sampling pipeline and has algae removal and backwashing functions, effectively preventing sediment deposition, blockage, and algae growth in the water sampling head and intake pipeline.

[0024] The aforementioned water intake pipeline 1012 can be insulated using the following method: Considering the cold winters in northern regions, if the water intake pipeline is laid from the wellhead of the monitoring well, insulation measures in the field would be difficult. Since the on-site monitoring well has already been constructed with a cement base according to relevant specifications, to meet insulation requirements and facilitate future maintenance, a hole approximately 5 cm in diameter is drilled into the wall of the monitoring well from within the maintenance well to facilitate the lifting of the water pipe. A steel wire rope is then installed at the wellhead for traction to prevent the water pump from falling off. As an example, a cross-sectional diagram of the aforementioned monitoring well pipeline can be referenced. Figure 5 The diagram shows a schematic of the monitoring well pipeline connection of some embodiments of the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation according to this application. Figure 5 In this context, cm can represent centimeters.

[0025] In practice, heat tracing tape and insulation cotton can be used to insulate water sampling pipelines. For details, please refer to... Figure 6 The diagram shows a schematic flow chart of a groundwater automatic monitoring superstation system, representing some embodiments of such superstations. Figure 6 As shown, self-regulating heating cables (maintaining a temperature of 30~50℃) should be used, wound around the water intake / drainage pipeline at an appropriate density to ensure uniform heating of the entire surface. A certain gap should be left between adjacent heating cables, wound in a spiral pattern, and the direction should be consistent, such as clockwise or counterclockwise. After winding, the heating cables should be secured with suitable fixing materials (such as electrical tape, adhesive tape, etc.) to prevent loosening or displacement. Insulation cotton should then be added on the outside, with a thickness of not less than 10mm.

[0026] The water distribution and pretreatment device 103 is fixedly connected to the source water pipeline 102.

[0027] Optionally, the aforementioned water distribution and pretreatment device 103 includes a pretreatment device 1031 and a water sample distribution device 1032. The pretreatment device 1031 includes a sedimentation assembly 10311 and a filtration assembly 10322. The sedimentation assembly 10311 and the filtration assembly 10322 are fixedly connected. The pretreatment device 1031 and the water sample distribution device 1032 are also fixedly connected. The water sample distribution device 1032 includes an instrument water distribution branch pipe 10321, at least one expansion interface 10322, and a status monitoring and alarm component 10323. The water distribution pipeline 104 is fixedly connected to the instrument water distribution branch pipe 10321. The water distribution pipeline 104 is connected in series. The instrument water distribution branch pipe 10321 is connected in parallel. The at least one expansion interface 10322 is fixedly connected to both the water distribution pipeline 104 and the instrument water distribution branch pipe 10321. The aforementioned status monitoring and alarm component 10323 is electrically connected to the aforementioned water distribution pipeline 104 and the aforementioned instrument water distribution branch pipe 10321, respectively.

[0028] In practice, the water sample distribution device also includes: supporting control components (including valves, connectors, flow meters, and pressure control components to ensure that the water flow and pressure meet the instrument analysis requirements). The pretreatment device also includes: supporting components (including connecting pipelines, control valves, and sludge and sewage discharge outlets, facilitating maintenance and not affecting the water sample quality). The water sample distribution device can realize automatic water distribution for analytical instruments, automatic fault alarms, and functions such as monitoring the working status of each component and reverse control. The water distribution pipeline adopts a series connection, and the pipelines between instruments adopt a parallel connection, so that the failure of the water distribution pipeline of other instruments will not affect it. It has expansion capabilities and reserves water inlets and outlets for no less than four devices, as well as a manual water intake outlet for water sample comparison experiments. The pipeline materials have good mechanical strength and chemical stability, long service life, and are easy to install and maintain, and will not affect the water sample quality. The pipeline inner diameter, pressure, flow rate, and flow velocity all meet the needs of instrument analysis.

[0029] The pretreatment unit is mainly responsible for pretreating the water samples collected by the sampling pump through sedimentation and filtration. It can also perform sedimentation and filtration according to the needs of different monitoring projects, and has automatic backwashing (blowing) and automatic algae removal functions to meet the requirements of analytical instruments for water sample sedimentation time and filtration accuracy, ensuring that the pretreated water samples are both representative and meet the requirements of instrument analysis.

[0030] Optionally, the water distribution and pretreatment device 103 further includes an automatic backwashing component 1033 and an automatic algae removal component 1034. The automatic backwashing component 1033 includes an air compressor 10331, an air storage tank 10332, a solenoid valve 10333, a pressure regulating valve 10334, an air delivery pipeline 10335, a check valve 10336, and an air interface 10337. The automatic backwashing component 1033 is connected to the water distribution pipeline 104, the pretreatment device 1031, and the water sampling device 101 via the air interface 10337. The automatic algae removal component 1034 includes an ozone algae removal device 10341 and a clean water backwashing device 10342. The ozone algae removal device 10341 is fixedly connected to the pretreatment device 1031 and the water sample distribution device 1032, respectively. The aforementioned clean water backwashing device 10342 is fixedly connected to the aforementioned pretreatment device 1031 and the aforementioned water sample distribution device 1032, respectively.

[0031] In practice, the automatic backwashing component is installed within the water distribution and pretreatment unit, independent of the water sample pipeline. It is connected to the main water distribution pipeline, the pretreatment device pipeline, and the water sampling unit's drain pipeline via an air interface. Compressed air generated by the air compressor is pressurized by an air storage tank and then introduced into the pipeline at regular intervals or as needed, controlled by a solenoid valve. This high-pressure backwashing of the pipeline's inner walls, filter components, and sedimentation devices removes silt and sediment, achieving pipeline drainage and preventing blockage.

[0032] The clean water backwashing system consists of a clean water storage tank / pump, an ozone mixing / aeration device, a cleaning water delivery pipeline, and control valves. Both the ozone algae removal device and the clean water backwashing device are integrated within the water distribution and pretreatment unit, and are connected to the pretreatment unit and water sample distribution unit. The ozone device generates ozone to oxidize and remove algae and bacteria from the water sample pipeline and the interior of the pretreatment unit, inhibiting the growth of algae and microorganisms. The clean water backwashing device provides clean water to perform forward / reverse flushing of the filtration unit and water distribution branches, preventing sample contamination and pipeline blockage.

[0033] Therefore, water distribution and pretreatment devices can prevent microorganisms such as bacteria and algae from contaminating samples or adversely affecting system operation, thereby reducing secondary pollution to the environment.

[0034] The water distribution and pretreatment device 103 is fixedly connected to the water distribution pipeline 104.

[0035] The aforementioned monitoring and analysis instrument 105 is fixedly connected to the aforementioned water distribution pipeline 104.

[0036] In practice, monitoring and analysis instruments may include, but are not limited to, instruments for detecting 25 indicators such as turbidity, pH (acidity and alkalinity), total hardness, dissolved solids, sulfate, chloride, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, aluminum, volatile phenols, permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen (as N), sulfide, sodium, nitrite, nitrate, cyanide, fluoride, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, and lead.

[0037] The monitoring and analysis unit has an extended monitoring interface and can expand the monitoring factors as needed. The monitoring frequency is generally twice a day, but can be adjusted according to different application scenarios.

[0038] The monitoring and analysis instrument employs advanced monitoring methods, achieving high detection accuracy. It features automatic quality control functions such as low-concentration and high-concentration standard sample verification, blank calibration, and standard sample calibration, ensuring the quality of monitoring data. It is characterized by switchable measurement ranges, low failure rate, minimal maintenance, low reagent consumption, and high cost-effectiveness. It possesses intelligent fault self-diagnosis and alarm functions, including alarms for component failure, exceeding limits, and reagent shortages, facilitating instrument management and maintenance. The water quality monitoring cycle is no more than 60 minutes.

[0039] The control device 106 is electrically connected to the water sampling device 101, the water distribution and pretreatment device 103, and the monitoring and analysis instrument 105, respectively, and is used to control the water sampling device 101, the water distribution and pretreatment device 103, and the monitoring and analysis instrument 105.

[0040] In practice, the control device is responsible for controlling the water sampling device, water distribution and pretreatment device, monitoring and analysis device, and auxiliary device. The control device may include, but is not limited to: industrial control computer, field data acquisition and transmission and control software, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), instrument cabinet, complete set of electrical equipment, etc.

[0041] The on-site data acquisition, transmission, and control software features a user-friendly interface, supports Chinese display, and is easy to operate. It allows for the display of monitoring results, status parameters, and operational smoothness from various instruments on a unified software interface. It automatically adds data validity markers, automatically identifies abnormal monitoring data, and uploads it to the central platform. It has single-point control capabilities, enabling debugging of individual control points (valves, pumps, etc.), and can send emergency test commands to equipment in emergencies. It includes parameter setting functions, allowing for adjustments to decimal places, units, instrument measurement limits, and alarm (over-limit) limits. It features automatic alarm functionality for data exceeding limits and can save alarm information for more than one month. It also has a monitoring data query function, capable of storing more than one year of raw historical data, and allows for categorized querying of water quality periodic data, quality control data, and system and instrument logs and process information for each data point within the corresponding time period.

[0042] The PLC controller has expandable functionality, supports at least 4 interface controllers, has lightning protection and anti-interference capabilities, and its electrical components meet standards.

[0043] Optionally, the aforementioned automatic groundwater monitoring superstation may also include auxiliary devices. These auxiliary devices are responsible for monitoring the station environment and power consumption to ensure system safety. They mainly include temperature and humidity sensors, UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply), voltage stabilizers, lightning protection and grounding systems, automatic fire suppression systems, water purifiers, refrigerators, desks, and laboratory benches.

[0044] The station building is equipped with air conditioning and winter heating equipment. The indoor temperature should be maintained between 18 and 28 degrees Celsius, and the humidity below 60%. The air conditioning system has an automatic reset function upon power restoration. Automatic waste liquid treatment devices or waste liquid tanks will be configured according to the actual project requirements, sufficient to collect more than two weeks' worth of waste liquid.

[0045] As an example, the aforementioned automatic groundwater monitoring superstation 100 can also be referenced. Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic flowchart of a groundwater automatic monitoring superstation system according to some embodiments of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the sampling cup may also include sampling cup 2, sampling cup 3, sampling cup 4, sampling cup 5, and sampling cup 6. Sampling cup 2 can be connected to a CODMn monitoring analyzer, a nitrate monitoring analyzer, and a nitrite monitoring analyzer, respectively. Sampling cup 3 can be connected to a total manganese monitoring analyzer, a total copper monitoring analyzer, and a total iron monitoring analyzer, respectively. Sampling cup 4 can be connected to a total aluminum monitoring analyzer, a hexavalent chromium monitoring analyzer, and a volatile phenol monitoring analyzer, respectively. Sampling cup 5 can be connected to a total cadmium monitoring analyzer, a total lead monitoring analyzer, and a sulfide monitoring analyzer, respectively. Sampling cup 6 can be connected to a fluoride monitoring analyzer, a sulfate monitoring analyzer, and a total zinc monitoring analyzer, respectively. The blue line in the figure (… () can represent the source water. The green line () () can represent cleaning water. The red line () () can represent ozone. The purple line () () can represent compressed air. The yellow line () () can represent discharged water. The automatic groundwater monitoring super station system can be used to execute monitoring procedures and pipeline cleaning procedures. The monitoring procedure can be as follows: the source water pump draws groundwater into the monitoring station through the source water pipeline. The monitoring system distributes the source water to the total hardness monitor and the flow tank through the water distribution pipeline, and monitors five parameters: total hardness, pH, chloride, total dissolved solids, and turbidity. At the same time, the water sample is distributed to the sampling cup of the equipment through the outlet of the flow tank. Water quality analyzers such as total mercury, cyanide, total arsenic, potassium permanganate index, nitrate, nitrite, total manganese, total copper, total iron, total aluminum, hexavalent chromium, volatile phenols, total cadmium, total lead, sulfide, fluoride, sulfate, total zinc, ammonia nitrogen, and sodium ions take water from the corresponding sampling cup for water quality analysis. The pipeline cleaning process can be as follows: Cleaning water (tap water) is pumped through a clean water booster pump, and compressed gas from an air compressor and ozone gas from an ozone generator are switched via electric valves to enter the water distribution pipeline, flow tank, and sampling cup for sterilization and cleaning. Specifically, VD can represent an electric ball valve. YW can represent a level sensor. Vs can represent a manual regulating valve, and DX can represent a check valve. CODMn can represent the permanganate index.

[0046] Next reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 A flowchart 800 of some embodiments of the automatic groundwater monitoring method according to this application is shown. This automatic groundwater monitoring method, applied to the aforementioned automatic groundwater monitoring superstation 100, is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 801: Control the water sampling pump to collect groundwater samples.

[0047] In some embodiments, the control device included in the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation can control the water sampling pump to collect groundwater samples.

[0048] Step 802: The groundwater sample is transported to the water distribution and pretreatment device through the source water pipeline to pretreat the groundwater sample.

[0049] In some embodiments, the control device can transport the groundwater sample to a water distribution and pretreatment device through a source water pipeline to pretreat the groundwater sample.

[0050] Step 803: The pretreated groundwater sample is transported to the monitoring and analysis instrument through the water distribution pipeline to obtain groundwater monitoring information.

[0051] In some embodiments, the control device described above can transport pretreated groundwater samples to a monitoring and analysis instrument via a water distribution pipeline to obtain groundwater monitoring information. The monitoring and analysis instrument can analyze the pretreated groundwater samples to obtain groundwater monitoring information. This groundwater monitoring information can characterize the concentrations of various substances in the pretreated groundwater samples.

[0052] Step 804: Obtain groundwater pollution information based on groundwater monitoring information and a pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model.

[0053] In some embodiments, the control device can obtain groundwater pollution information based on the groundwater monitoring information and a pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model. The groundwater pollution information can characterize the type of groundwater pollution.

[0054] As an example, the above-mentioned groundwater pollution types can be, but are not limited to: no pollution, industrial discharge pollution, domestic sewage pollution, or landfill leachate pollution.

[0055] In some optional implementations of certain embodiments, the control device obtains groundwater pollution information based on the groundwater monitoring information and a pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model, which may include the following steps: The first step is to perform data cleaning on the aforementioned groundwater monitoring information to obtain pre-processed groundwater monitoring information. This can be achieved using a preset data cleaning algorithm.

[0056] As an example, the aforementioned preset data cleaning algorithm may be, but is not limited to, median filling, box plotting, or one-hot coding.

[0057] The second step is to standardize the pre-processed groundwater monitoring information to obtain standard groundwater monitoring information. This standardization can be achieved using a pre-defined standardization algorithm.

[0058] As an example, the above-mentioned preset standardization algorithm may be, but is not limited to: max-min standardization algorithm, zero-mean standardization algorithm, or vector normalization algorithm.

[0059] The third step involves adding the aforementioned standard groundwater monitoring information to the pre-acquired historical groundwater monitoring information sequence to obtain the standard groundwater monitoring information sequence. The historical groundwater monitoring information in this sequence can be groundwater monitoring information from a historical time period, processed through data cleaning and standardization. The historical time period can be a preset duration prior to the current moment.

[0060] As an example, the preset duration can be, but is not limited to: 30 minutes, one hour, or two hours.

[0061] The fourth step involves obtaining groundwater pollution information based on the aforementioned standard groundwater monitoring information sequence and the pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model. The pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model can be composed of a multi-scale decomposition model, a seasonal mixture model, a trend mixture model, a multi-scale time series alignment model, a self-attention mechanism, and a multi-scale time series prediction model.

[0062] The multi-scale decomposition model consists of an average pooling layer and an embedding layer to decompose the standard groundwater monitoring information in the standard groundwater monitoring information sequence into feature information at multiple scales. It further decomposes the feature information at each scale into seasonal and trend components. The seasonal mixing model consists of two linear layers and an activation function to mix the feature information of each seasonal component. The trend mixing model consists of two linear layers and an activation function to mix the feature information of each trend component. The multi-scale temporal alignment model is a linear layer used to fuse the mixed seasonal and trend features to obtain feature information at each time scale. The self-attention mechanism includes a query vector used to perform a dot product on the feature information at each time scale to obtain attention weight values. The multi-scale temporal prediction model consists of a fully connected layer and a linear layer used to weight the feature information at each time scale according to the attention weight values, and then performs a linear transformation on the weighted sequence to obtain the predicted groundwater pollution information.

[0063] In some optional implementations of certain embodiments, the control device obtains groundwater pollution information based on the standard groundwater monitoring information and a pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model, which may include the following steps: The first step is to decompose the standard groundwater monitoring information sequence using the multi-scale decomposition model described above, and obtain the groundwater seasonal decomposition feature information set and the groundwater trend decomposition feature information set.

[0064] The second step involves using the aforementioned seasonal mixing model to process the aforementioned set of groundwater seasonal decomposition feature information to obtain groundwater seasonal mixed feature information.

[0065] The third step is to use the aforementioned trend mixing model to perform mixing processing on the above groundwater trend decomposition feature information set to obtain groundwater trend mixed feature information.

[0066] The fourth step involves aligning the aforementioned groundwater seasonal mixing characteristics and groundwater trend mixing characteristics using the multi-scale temporal alignment model to obtain groundwater mixing characteristics.

[0067] The fifth step involves weighting the groundwater mixing characteristic information using the self-attention mechanism described above to obtain groundwater characteristic weight information.

[0068] The sixth step involves transforming the groundwater mixing characteristic information using the aforementioned multi-scale time-series prediction model and the aforementioned groundwater characteristic weight information to obtain the aforementioned groundwater pollution information.

[0069] Therefore, based on current groundwater quality information and groundwater quality information over a certain historical period, the seasonal and trend characteristics of water quality changes can be analyzed, taking into account the multi-scale temporal characteristics of water quality changes. This improves the accuracy of water quality change prediction, thereby enhancing the timeliness of groundwater pollution early warning and enabling timely control of groundwater pollution.

[0070] Step 805: Based on the groundwater pollution information, determine the groundwater pollution early warning information and send the groundwater pollution early warning information to the early warning equipment for early warning processing.

[0071] In some embodiments, the control device can determine groundwater pollution early warning information based on groundwater pollution information, and send the groundwater pollution early warning information to an early warning device for early warning processing. Specifically, the groundwater pollution type information characterized by the groundwater pollution information can be determined as the groundwater pollution early warning information. Here, the early warning device can be a device that displays warning text or emits a prompt sound in response to receiving the groundwater pollution early warning information.

[0072] Computer program code for performing operations of some embodiments of this disclosure can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0073] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0074] The functions described above in this document can be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, exemplary types of hardware logic components that can be used, without limitation, include: field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-a-chip (SoCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and so on.

[0075] The above description is merely a selection of preferred embodiments of this disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of this disclosure is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-described features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A groundwater automatic monitoring superstation, comprising: Water sampling device, source water pipeline, water distribution and pretreatment device, water distribution pipeline, monitoring and analysis instruments and control device, characterized in that: The water sampling device is fixedly connected to the source water pipeline; The water distribution and pretreatment device is fixedly connected to the source water pipeline; The water distribution and pretreatment device is fixedly connected to the water distribution pipeline; The monitoring and analysis instrument is fixedly connected to the water distribution pipeline; The control device is electrically connected to the water sampling device, the water distribution and pretreatment device, and the monitoring and analysis instrument, respectively, and is used to control the water sampling device, the water distribution and pretreatment device, and the monitoring and analysis instrument.

2. The automatic groundwater monitoring superstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water sampling device includes: a water sampling pump, a water sampling pipeline, a water sampling structure, a cleaning support device, and a thermal insulation support device, wherein, The water pump is fixedly connected to the water collection pipeline; The water intake pipeline is fixedly connected to the water intake structure; The water intake pipeline is equipped with a high-pressure rubber hose at its front end. The cleaning device is fixedly connected to the water collection pipeline and is used to clean the water collection pipeline. The insulation device is fixedly connected to the water intake pipeline.

3. The automatic groundwater monitoring superstation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution and pretreatment device includes: a pretreatment device and a water sample distribution device, wherein... The pretreatment device includes: a sedimentation assembly and a filtration assembly; The sedimentation component is fixedly connected to the filtration component; The pretreatment device is fixedly connected to the water sample distribution device; The water sample distribution device includes: an instrument water distribution branch pipe, at least one expansion interface, and a status monitoring and alarm component; The water distribution pipeline is fixedly connected to the water distribution branch pipe of the instrument; The water distribution pipeline is connected in series. The water distribution branch pipes of the instrument are connected in parallel. The at least one expansion interface is fixedly connected to the water distribution pipeline and the instrument water distribution branch pipe respectively; The status monitoring and alarm component is electrically connected to the water distribution pipeline and the instrument water distribution branch pipe, respectively.

4. The automatic groundwater monitoring superstation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water distribution and pretreatment device further includes: an automatic backwashing component and an automatic algae removal component, wherein... The automatic backwashing assembly includes: an air compressor, an air tank, a solenoid valve, a pressure regulating valve, an air delivery pipeline, a check valve, and an air interface. The automatic backwashing component is connected to the water distribution pipeline, the pretreatment device and the water sampling device respectively through the air interface; The automatic algae removal component includes: an ozone algae removal device and a clean water backwashing device; The ozone algae removal device is fixedly connected to the pretreatment device and the water sample distribution device, respectively. The clean water backwashing device is fixedly connected to the pretreatment device and the water sample distribution device, respectively.

5. An automatic groundwater monitoring method, applied to the automatic groundwater monitoring superstation described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: Control the water sampling pump to collect groundwater samples; The groundwater sample is transported to the water distribution and pretreatment device through the source water pipeline for pretreatment of the groundwater sample; The pretreated groundwater samples are transported to the monitoring and analysis instruments through the water distribution pipeline to obtain groundwater monitoring information; Groundwater pollution information is obtained based on the groundwater monitoring information and the pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model; Based on groundwater pollution information, groundwater pollution early warning information is determined, and the groundwater pollution early warning information is sent to early warning equipment for early warning processing.

6. The automatic groundwater monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of obtaining groundwater pollution information based on the groundwater monitoring information and a pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model includes: The groundwater monitoring information is cleaned to obtain pre-processed groundwater monitoring information; The pre-processed groundwater monitoring information is standardized to obtain standard groundwater monitoring information; The standard groundwater monitoring information is added to a pre-acquired historical groundwater monitoring information sequence to obtain a standard groundwater monitoring information sequence. Groundwater pollution information is obtained based on the standard groundwater monitoring information sequence and the pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model.

7. The automatic groundwater monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The groundwater pollution detection model comprises a multi-scale decomposition model, a seasonal mixture model, a trend mixture model, a multi-scale time series alignment model, a self-attention mechanism, and a multi-scale time series prediction model. The step of obtaining groundwater pollution information based on the standard groundwater monitoring information sequence and the pre-trained groundwater pollution detection model includes: The standard groundwater monitoring information sequence is decomposed using the multi-scale decomposition model to obtain a groundwater seasonal decomposition feature set and a groundwater trend decomposition feature set. The seasonal mixing model is used to mix the set of seasonal decomposition features of groundwater to obtain seasonal mixed feature information of groundwater. The groundwater trend decomposition feature information set is mixed using the trend mixing model to obtain groundwater trend mixed feature information. The groundwater seasonal mixing feature information and the groundwater trend mixing feature information are aligned using the multi-scale temporal alignment model to obtain groundwater mixing feature information. The groundwater mixing feature information is weighted by the self-attention mechanism to obtain groundwater feature weight information. The groundwater pollution information is obtained by transforming the groundwater mixing feature information using the multi-scale time-series prediction model and the groundwater feature weight information.

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