Preparation method and application of an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multi-modal behavior disturbance

Abstract

This invention provides a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, belonging to the field of agricultural and forestry technology. The preparation method involves sequentially encapsulating a mixture of essential oils with β-cyclodextrin and chitosan to form a secondary composite encapsulation system, then adding a taste component to obtain a mixed liquid. A carrier dispersion is prepared using a starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer and sodium alginate, then an emulsifier and antioxidant are added, followed by the mixed liquid. The mixture is continuously emulsified in an intermittent mode. Guar gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium octenyl succinate starch, and potassium sorbate are added to the resulting emulsion system and mixed thoroughly to obtain the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference. The bird repellent is used to repel birds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural and forestry technology, and in particular to a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of agriculture and forestry, the harm caused by bird activity has become increasingly prominent. Birds peck at crop seeds and fruits, damage seedling growth, leading to reduced crop yields and losses in forestry seedling cultivation, resulting in huge economic losses. Currently, bird control methods on the market are mainly divided into two categories: physical bird control and chemical bird control. Physical bird control (such as bird nets and bird deterrents) has drawbacks such as limited applicability, high installation and maintenance costs, and the potential to cause physical harm to birds, making it difficult to meet the bird control needs of large-scale outdoor scenarios (such as farmland, orchards, and woodlands). Chemical bird repellents, due to their ease of use and high bird control efficiency, have become the most widely used bird control method.

[0003] However, existing chemical bird repellents still have many technical shortcomings that limit their widespread application. Most bird repellents rely solely on olfactory or gustatory repellency mechanisms, which birds easily adapt to, and their effectiveness decreases significantly with long-term use. Some bird repellents contain irritating or highly toxic chemical components, which can easily leave environmental residues and may pose potential risks to birds, non-target organisms, and human health. Lipid-soluble repellent components are volatile and easily washed away by rainwater, resulting in a short duration of effectiveness and requiring frequent application. Some formulation systems have poor stability and are prone to layering, precipitation, or clumping, which is not conducive to large-scale application.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a bird repellent with a comprehensive bird-repelling mechanism, eco-friendly properties, long-lasting effect, good product stability, and simple and controllable preparation process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference, the method comprising the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing Dissolve β-cyclodextrin in water, then slowly add a mixture of essential oils consisting of peppermint oil, clove oil, n-octanal, limonene, and turpentine, and stir to form a primary microencapsulation complex. After adjusting the pH of the primary microencapsulation complex, add water-soluble chitosan and disperse it by ultrasonication while stirring to form a secondary complex encapsulation system. S2, Dissolution of taste components Bitter melon extract, coptis extract and maltitol polyoxyethylene ether were dissolved in water and propylene glycol to obtain a taste component solution. S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion Add water to the starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, stir, then add glutaraldehyde and sodium alginate solution, and continue stirring to form a uniform carrier dispersion; S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification After adjusting the pH of the secondary composite encapsulation system, add the taste component solution and mix well to obtain a mixture. Add emulsifier and antioxidant to the carrier dispersion, then slowly add the mixture dropwise while stirring, and continue emulsifying in an intermittent mode of stirring and sonication. After emulsification is complete, the emulsion system is obtained. S5, Modification and Filtration Guar gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were added to the emulsion system, stirred and dispersed, and the pH was adjusted. Then, sodium octenyl succinate starch and potassium sorbate were added, stirred and mixed, and filtered to obtain the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference.

[0007] Furthermore, the weight ratio of peppermint oil, clove oil, n-octanal, limonene, and turpentine in the blended essential oil is 8:6.9~7.1:3.9~4.1:19.8~20.2:10.7~11.3.

[0008] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the mixed essential oils to β-cyclodextrin is 50:300~310; The weight ratio of the mixed essential oils to water-soluble chitosan is 50:4.5~5.0; The weight ratio of the mixed essential oil to bitter melon extract, coptis extract and maltitol polyoxyethylene ether is 50:62~63:24.5~25.5:34.5~35.5; The weight ratio of the mixed essential oil to starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer and sodium alginate is 50:34.5~35.5:0.48~0.52; The weight ratio of the blended essential oils to the emulsifier and antioxidant is 50:7.4~7.6:2.4~2.6; The weight ratio of the blended essential oils to sodium octenyl succinate starch is 50:0.48~0.52.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S1, the temperature for dissolving β-cyclodextrin is 42~48℃; The encapsulation temperature is 30~35℃ and the time is 25~35min; The adjusted pH value is 4.5~5.0; The temperature for ultrasonic dispersion while stirring is 30~35℃ and the power is 190~210W.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, the weight ratio of starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer to glutaraldehyde is 34.5~35.5:0.13~0.18; The concentration of glutaraldehyde is 25 wt%.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S4, the intermittent emulsification mode is performed by intermittent stirring for 30 seconds and sonication for 30 seconds.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S4, the pH of the secondary composite encapsulation system is adjusted to 5.8-6.2; The stirring speed during the dropwise addition of the mixture is 580~620 r / min; The stirring speed for continuous emulsification in intermittent mode is 580~620 r / min, the ultrasonic power is 180~200 W, the time is 25~30 min, and the temperature is 30~35℃.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S5, after adding guar gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and before adding sodium octenyl succinate starch and potassium sorbate, the pH is adjusted to 6.8-7.2.

[0014] Application of an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference: The above-mentioned eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference is applied to achieve the effect of repelling birds.

[0015] Furthermore, the application method of the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference is seed dressing and / or spraying.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the preparation method and application of the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference of the present invention are as follows: Based on the principle of multimodal behavioral interference, this invention solves the technical defects of existing bird repellents, such as single bird repelling mechanism, ecological unfriendliness, short duration of effect, and poor product stability, through reasonable component combination and process optimization. This invention employs a multimodal bird-repelling mechanism combining olfactory repellency and gustatory inhibition. An olfactory repellent component is formed by a combination of peppermint oil, clove oil, n-octanal, limonene, and turpentine terpenes, which generates a strong, irritating olfactory signal to birds, repelling them from approaching. Simultaneously, bitter melon extract and coptis extract provide bitter gustatory components, inhibiting birds' pecking behavior. This dual action synergistically enhances the effect. Compared to single-mechanism bird repellents, this provides a more comprehensive and longer-lasting bird-repelling effect. Furthermore, birds are unlikely to adapt to the dual stimulation, maintaining a stable bird-repelling effect even with long-term use, effectively reducing the harm birds cause to crops, seedlings, and power equipment. All components of this invention are made from food-grade raw materials, eliminating highly toxic and irritating chemical components found in existing technologies. Among them, β-cyclodextrin, water-soluble chitosan, sodium alginate, sodium octenyl succinate starch, and potassium sorbate are all eco-friendly materials that are biodegradable, low in toxicity, and environmentally friendly. After application, they will not leave residues on soil or crop surfaces, will not pollute the ecological environment, and will not harm birds, beneficial organisms, or human health. This aligns with current ecological and environmental protection development needs and can be widely applied in outdoor settings such as farmland, orchards, and woodlands. This invention utilizes β-cyclodextrin for primary encapsulation of olfactory repellent components, followed by secondary encapsulation with water-soluble chitosan, forming a gradient double encapsulation structure. The primary encapsulation uses its hydrophobic cavities to encapsulate the lipid-soluble olfactory components, inhibiting their volatilization. The secondary encapsulation forms a dense hydrophilic protective film on the surface of the primary microcapsules, preventing microcapsule aggregation and blocking direct rainwater runoff, thus enabling slow release of the components. Simultaneously, the hydrophobic protection provided by sodium octenyl succinate starch further enhances the system's resistance to rainwater runoff, significantly prolonging the bird-repelling effect, reducing the frequency of reapplication, and lowering usage costs. Furthermore, the double encapsulation structure protects the repellent components from external environmental influences (such as temperature and pH), improving component stability and ensuring consistent bird-repelling efficacy. This invention improves the dispersibility of fat-soluble components (essential oils, encapsulated microcapsules) by adding maltitol polyoxyethylene ether, and enhances the adhesion of the carrier to the crop surface by adding sodium alginate. The combination of these two ingredients solves the problem of poor compatibility among multiple components and provides a stable base for the subsequent addition of anti-desorption agents. Furthermore, the combination and modification of sodium alginate and maltitol polyoxyethylene ether forms a uniform and stable carrier dispersion, which can effectively disperse the encapsulation system and flavor components, preventing component aggregation. At the same time, the addition of guar gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as anti-desorption agents can enhance the adhesion of bird repellents to crop and equipment surfaces, further improving the rain washout resistance. The addition of soybean lecithin and vitamin E can enhance the stability of the emulsion system, protect the repellent components from oxidation, and extend the product's shelf life and efficacy. This invention optimizes the preparation process of bird repellent. By rationally adjusting the temperature, stirring speed, ultrasonic parameters, and feeding sequence of each step, it solves the problems of poor component compatibility, easy stratification, and agglomeration in existing processes, ensuring that the prepared bird repellent is a uniform and clear liquid without stratification, precipitation, or impurities, and exhibits excellent product stability. At the same time, the process parameters are precise and controllable, the operation is simple and convenient, and no complex production equipment is required. The dissolution, encapsulation, emulsification, and dispersion processes of each component are coordinated and orderly, enabling large-scale production, reducing production costs, and facilitating widespread application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 These are comparative photos of ear damage in each group in Example 1 of this invention; Figure 2 These are the corresponding food refusal rates in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-9 of this invention; Figure 3 These are the corresponding avoidance rate results in Embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples 1-9 of the present invention; Figure 4 These are the corresponding avoidance results from the spraying experiments in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-9 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] Example 1: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This embodiment describes a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing Take 8g of peppermint essential oil, 7g of clove essential oil, 4g of n-octanal, 20g of limonene and 11g of turpentine, homogenize for 3 minutes to obtain a mixed essential oil; Take 300g of β-cyclodextrin, add 1500mL of deionized water, stir at 45℃ for 10min at a stirring speed of 500r / min to completely dissolve the β-cyclodextrin, cool down to 35℃, and then slowly add all the mixed essential oils. Continue stirring at 35℃ for 30min at a stirring speed of 300r / min to form primary microencapsulation complexes.

[0020] The above primary microencapsulation complex was adjusted to pH 5.0 by adding 0.5wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, and then 5g of water-soluble chitosan was added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed at 35℃ with stirring for 10min at a power of 200W and a stirring speed of 300r / min to form a secondary composite encapsulation system.

[0021] S2, Dissolution of taste components Take 62.5g of bitter melon extract, 25g of coptis extract, and 35g of maltitol polyoxyethylene ether, add 400mL of deionized water and 5g of propylene glycol, and sonicate at 45℃ for 8min at 200W to obtain a taste component solution.

[0022] S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion Add 0.5g of sodium alginate to 25mL of deionized water and pre-swell at 35℃ for 20min to obtain sodium alginate solution; Take 35g of starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, add 100mL of deionized water, stir at 45℃ for 10min at a stirring speed of 450r / min, then add 0.15g of 25wt% glutaraldehyde, stir for 5min, then add sodium alginate solution while stirring, stirring at a speed of 450r / min, continue stirring at 45℃ for 10min until the modified carrier is completely dissolved and a uniform carrier dispersion is formed, for later use.

[0023] S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification Take a small amount of 0.5wt% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 6.0 in the secondary complex encapsulation system, then add the taste component solution and mix well to obtain a mixture. Add 7.5g of soybean lecithin and 2.5g of vitamin E to the carrier dispersion, stir for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 600 rpm, then slowly add the mixture dropwise while stirring. Continue emulsifying for 30 minutes using an intermittent mode of stirring for 30 seconds followed by sonication for 30 seconds at a stirring speed of 600 rpm and a sonication power of 200W, maintaining a stable temperature of 30℃ throughout the process. After emulsification, a uniform, milky-white emulsion system without layering or sedimentation is obtained. Using an intermittent emulsification mode can prevent over-emulsification and loss of efficacy of the essential oils.

[0024] S5, Modification and Filtration Add 0.25g of guar gum to the emulsion system, stir at 30℃ for 15min, maintaining a stirring speed of 500r / min, then add 0.5g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, adjust the stirring speed to 600r / min, stir at 30℃ for 20min to completely disperse the anti-desorption agent, adjust the pH to 7.0 with a small amount of 0.5wt% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, stir at 30℃ for 5min, then add 0.5g of sodium octenyl succinate starch, stir at 30℃ for 10min, then add 0.8g of potassium sorbate, stir at 30℃ for 5min to mix well, finally cool the resulting system to 25℃, and filter successively through an 80-mesh coarse filter and a 0.45μm microporous filter membrane, collecting the clear liquid after filtration, which is the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference, labeled as N1.

[0025] S6, Application An eco-friendly bird repellent, N1, based on multimodal behavioral interference, was applied to rice to repel birds, as detailed below: S61, Seed dressing An eco-friendly bird repellent, N1, based on multimodal behavioral interference, was mixed with rice seeds at a weight ratio of 1:10, and then dried to serve as the experimental group seeds. 15g of a 50% anthraquinone wet seed dressing agent was mixed with 30mL of water to form a thin paste, and then mixed with 1kg of rice seeds, and dried to serve as the control group seeds. Untreated rice seeds served as the blank group seeds.

[0026] Before the experiment, spotted doves and white-rumped munias were fed in a greenhouse aviary for 30 days, and fasted for 24 hours the day before the test. After the 24-hour fast, they were randomly divided into three groups, with three replicates in each group. Each replicate contained 30 spotted doves and 50 white-rumped munias. The spotted doves were fed 150g of the corresponding seeds, and the white-rumped munias were fed 200g of the corresponding seeds. The mean values ​​of the refusal rate and avoidance rate for each group were recorded and calculated.

[0027] Feed intake rate (%) = (Initial feed weight - Remaining weight) / Initial feed weight × 100%; Refusal to eat rate (%) = 100% - Feeding rate; Avoidance rate (%) = (feeding rate of control group - feeding rate of treatment group) / feeding rate of control group × 100%.

[0028] Table 1 Summary of Ear Loss Rate for Each Group

[0029] S62, Spraying An eco-friendly bird repellent N1 based on multimodal behavioral interference was diluted 150 times with water and stirred thoroughly. The resulting diluted solution was used as the bird repellent for the experimental group. A 25% anthraquinone suspension was diluted 200 times with water and stirred thoroughly. The resulting diluted solution was used as the bird repellent for the control group. Water was used as the blank control group.

[0030] Experiments were conducted in rice experimental fields, with participants randomly divided into groups of one mu (approximately 0.16 acres) each. Each group was separated by a 50m isolation row, and each group was replicated three times. At the early heading stage of the rice plants, each group was sprayed with a bird repellent using a drone at a rate of 30L / mu. After spraying, 30 spotted doves and 50 white-rumped munias were released into each replicate. Five points were randomly selected from each replicate, with each replicate initially counting 100 panicles. The number of intact panicles at each point was counted. Statistics were collected at 7, 14, and 28 days after spraying, and the mean panicle loss rate was calculated. The panicle loss situation for each group after 28 days is shown in the figure below. Figure 1 .

[0031] Ear damage rate (%) = (original number of ears - number of intact ears) / original number of ears × 100%.

[0032] Table 2 Summary of Ear Loss Rate for Each Group (%)

[0033] As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, the multimodal behavior interference eco-friendly bird repellent N1 prepared by the present invention has a good bird repellent effect whether it is spraying to protect ears or coating seeds to prevent pecking, and the effectiveness of the multimodal behavior interference eco-friendly bird repellent N1 prepared by the present invention is more lasting.

[0034] Examples 2-5: Preparation methods of eco-friendly bird repellents based on multimodal behavioral interference Examples 2-5 are methods for preparing eco-friendly bird repellents based on multimodal behavioral interference. Their steps are basically the same as in Example 1, differing only in the amount of raw materials and some process parameters, as detailed in Table 3. Table 3. Summary of process parameters in Examples 2-5 ,

[0035] The contents and types of raw materials used in other parts of Examples 2 to 5 are the same as those in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0036] Comparative Example 1: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This comparative example demonstrates a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing Take 8g of peppermint essential oil, 7g of clove essential oil, 4g of n-octanal, 20g of limonene and 11g of turpentine, homogenize for 3 minutes to obtain a mixed essential oil; Take 300g of β-cyclodextrin, add 1500mL of deionized water, stir at 45℃ for 10min at a stirring speed of 500r / min to completely dissolve the β-cyclodextrin, cool down to 35℃, and then slowly add all the mixed essential oils. Continue stirring at 35℃ for 30min to form a primary microencapsulation complex.

[0037] S2, Dissolution of taste components The taste component solution was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0038] S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion The carrier dispersion was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0039] S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification The primary microencapsulation complex prepared in this comparative example was used to replace the secondary composite encapsulation system in Example 1, and the emulsion system was prepared according to the method of Example 1.

[0040] S5, Modification and Filtration An eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference was prepared entirely according to the method of Example 1 and labeled as DN1.

[0041] S6, Application The eco-friendly bird repellent DN1 based on multimodal behavioral interference was tested in seed dressing and spraying experiments according to the method in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 and 5. Figures 2 to 4 .

[0042] Comparative Example 2: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This comparative example demonstrates a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing The secondary composite encapsulation system was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0043] S2, Dissolution of taste components The taste component solution was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0044] S3, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification Take a small amount of 0.5wt% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 6.0 in the secondary complex encapsulation system, then add the taste component solution and mix well to obtain a mixture. Add 7.5g of soybean lecithin and 2.5g of vitamin E to the mixture, stir for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 600r / min, and then emulsify continuously for 30 minutes in an intermittent mode of stirring for 30 seconds and sonicating for 30 seconds at a stirring speed of 600r / min and a sonication power of 200W. During this period, keep the temperature stable at 30℃. After emulsification is completed, the emulsified system is obtained.

[0045] S4, Modification and Filtration An eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference was prepared entirely according to the method in step S5 of Example 1, and labeled as DN2.

[0046] S5, Application The eco-friendly bird repellent DN2 based on multimodal behavioral interference was tested in seed dressing and spraying experiments according to the method in step S6 of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 and 5. Figures 2 to 4 .

[0047] Comparative Example 3: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This comparative example demonstrates a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing The secondary composite encapsulation system was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0048] S2, Dissolution of taste components The taste component solution was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0049] S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion The carrier dispersion was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0050] S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification The emulsion system was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0051] S5, Modification and Filtration Add 0.25g of guar gum to the emulsion system, stir at 30℃ for 15min, maintaining a stirring speed of 500r / min, then add 0.5g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, adjust the stirring speed to 600r / min, stir at 30℃ for 20min to completely disperse the anti-desorption agent, adjust the pH to 7.0 with a small amount of 0.5wt% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, stir at 30℃ for 5min, then add 0.8g of potassium sorbate, stir at 30℃ for 5min to mix well, and finally cool the resulting system to 25℃, filter it sequentially through an 80-mesh coarse filter and a 0.45μm microporous filter membrane, collect the clear liquid after filtration, which is the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference, labeled as DN3.

[0052] S6, Application The eco-friendly bird repellent DN3, based on multimodal behavioral interference, was tested in seed dressing and spraying experiments according to the method in step S6 of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 and 5. Figures 2 to 4 .

[0053] Comparative Example 4: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This comparative example demonstrates a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing The secondary composite encapsulation system was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0054] S2, Carrier Modification and Dispersion The carrier dispersion was prepared exactly according to the method in step S3 of Example 1.

[0055] S3, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification Add a small amount of 0.5wt% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution to the secondary composite encapsulation system to adjust the pH to 6.0 to obtain a mixed solution; Add 7.5g of soybean lecithin and 2.5g of vitamin E to the carrier dispersion, stir for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 600r / min, then slowly add the mixture dropwise while stirring, and continue emulsifying for 30 minutes in an intermittent mode of stirring for 30 seconds and sonicating for 30 seconds at a stirring speed of 600r / min and a sonication power of 200W, keeping the temperature stable at 30℃ during the process. After emulsification is complete, the emulsion system is obtained.

[0056] S4, Modification and Filtration An eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference was prepared entirely according to the method in step S5 of Example 1, and labeled as DN4.

[0057] S5, Application The eco-friendly bird repellent DN4, based on multimodal behavioral interference, was tested in seed dressing and spraying experiments according to the method in step S6 of Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 and 5. Figures 2 to 4 .

[0058] Comparative Example 5: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This comparative example demonstrates a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing Take 8.12g of clove essential oil, 4.64g of n-octanal, 23.2g of limonene and 12.76g of turpentine, homogenize for 3 minutes to obtain a mixed essential oil; Take 300g of β-cyclodextrin, add 1500mL of deionized water, stir at 45℃ for 10min at a stirring speed of 500r / min to completely dissolve the β-cyclodextrin, cool down to 35℃, and then slowly add all the mixed essential oils. Continue stirring at 35℃ for 30min to form a primary microencapsulation complex.

[0059] The above primary microencapsulation complex was adjusted to pH 5.0 by adding 0.5wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, and then 5g of water-soluble chitosan was added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed for 10min while stirring at a power of 200W and a stirring speed of 300r / min to form a secondary composite encapsulation system.

[0060] S2, Dissolution of taste components The taste component solution was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0061] S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion The carrier dispersion was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0062] S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification The emulsion system was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0063] S5, Modification and Filtration An eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference was prepared entirely according to the method of Example 1 and labeled as DN5.

[0064] S6, Application The eco-friendly bird repellent DN5, based on multimodal behavioral interference, was tested in seed dressing and spraying experiments according to the method in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 and 5. Figures 2 to 4 .

[0065] Comparative Example 6: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This comparative example demonstrates a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing Take 9.12g of peppermint essential oil, 4.56g of n-octanal, 22.8g of limonene and 12.54g of turpentine, homogenize for 3 minutes to obtain a mixed essential oil; Take 300g of β-cyclodextrin, add 1500mL of deionized water, stir at 45℃ for 10min at a stirring speed of 500r / min to completely dissolve the β-cyclodextrin, cool down to 35℃, and then slowly add all the mixed essential oils. Continue stirring at 35℃ for 30min to form a primary microencapsulation complex.

[0066] The above primary microencapsulation complex was adjusted to pH 5.0 by adding 0.5wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, and then 5g of water-soluble chitosan was added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed for 10min while stirring at a power of 200W and a stirring speed of 300r / min to form a secondary composite encapsulation system.

[0067] S2, Dissolution of taste components The taste component solution was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0068] S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion The carrier dispersion was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0069] S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification The emulsion system was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0070] S5, Modification and Filtration An eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference was prepared entirely according to the method of Example 1 and labeled as DN6.

[0071] S6, Application The eco-friendly bird repellent DN6, based on multimodal behavioral interference, was tested in seed dressing and spraying experiments according to the method in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 and 5. Figures 2 to 4 .

[0072] Comparative Example 7: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This comparative example demonstrates a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing Take 8.64g of peppermint essential oil, 7.56g of clove essential oil, 21.6g of limonene and 11.88g of turpentine, homogenize for 3 minutes to obtain a mixed essential oil; Take 300g of β-cyclodextrin, add 1500mL of deionized water, stir at 45℃ for 10min at a stirring speed of 500r / min to completely dissolve the β-cyclodextrin, cool down to 35℃, and then slowly add all the mixed essential oils. Continue stirring at 35℃ for 30min to form a primary microencapsulation complex.

[0073] The above primary microencapsulation complex was adjusted to pH 5.0 by adding 0.5wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, and then 5g of water-soluble chitosan was added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed for 10min while stirring at a power of 200W and a stirring speed of 300r / min to form a secondary composite encapsulation system.

[0074] S2, Dissolution of taste components The taste component solution was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0075] S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion The carrier dispersion was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0076] S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification The emulsion system was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0077] S5, Modification and Filtration An eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference was prepared entirely according to the method of Example 1 and labeled as DN7.

[0078] S6, Application The eco-friendly bird repellent DN7, based on multimodal behavioral interference, was tested in seed dressing and spraying experiments according to the method in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 and... Figures 2 to 4 .

[0079] Comparative Example 8: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This comparative example demonstrates a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing Take 11.2g of peppermint essential oil, 9.8g of clove essential oil, 5.6g of n-octanal and 15.4g of turpentine, homogenize for 3 minutes to obtain a mixed essential oil; Take 300g of β-cyclodextrin, add 1500mL of deionized water, stir at 45℃ for 10min at a stirring speed of 500r / min to completely dissolve the β-cyclodextrin, cool down to 35℃, and then slowly add all the mixed essential oils. Continue stirring at 35℃ for 30min to form a primary microencapsulation complex.

[0080] The above primary microencapsulation complex was adjusted to pH 5.0 by adding 0.5wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, and then 5g of water-soluble chitosan was added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed for 10min while stirring at a power of 200W and a stirring speed of 300r / min to form a secondary composite encapsulation system.

[0081] S2, Dissolution of taste components The taste component solution was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0082] S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion The carrier dispersion was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0083] S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification The emulsion system was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0084] S5, Modification and Filtration An eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference was prepared entirely according to the method of Example 1 and labeled as DN8.

[0085] S6, Application The eco-friendly bird repellent DN8, based on multimodal behavioral interference, was tested in seed dressing and spraying experiments according to the method in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 and 5. Figures 2 to 4 .

[0086] Comparative Example 9: A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application. This comparative example demonstrates a method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference and its application, specifically including the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing Take 9.76g of peppermint essential oil, 8.54g of clove essential oil, 4.88g of n-octanal and 24.4g of limonene, homogenize for 3 minutes to obtain a mixed essential oil; Take 300g of β-cyclodextrin, add 1500mL of deionized water, stir at 45℃ for 10min at a stirring speed of 500r / min to completely dissolve the β-cyclodextrin, cool down to 35℃, and then slowly add all the mixed essential oils. Continue stirring at 35℃ for 30min to form a primary microencapsulation complex.

[0087] The above primary microencapsulation complex was adjusted to pH 5.0 by adding 0.5wt% acetic acid aqueous solution, and then 5g of water-soluble chitosan was added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed for 10min while stirring at a power of 200W and a stirring speed of 300r / min to form a secondary composite encapsulation system.

[0088] S2, Dissolution of taste components The taste component solution was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0089] S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion The carrier dispersion was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0090] S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification The emulsion system was prepared exactly according to the method in Example 1.

[0091] S5, Modification and Filtration An eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference was prepared entirely according to the method of Example 1 and labeled as DN9.

[0092] S6, Application The eco-friendly bird repellent DN9, based on multimodal behavioral interference, was tested in seed dressing and spraying experiments according to the method in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 and 5. Figures 2 to 4 .

[0093] Table 4. Summary of Bird Repelling Results for Each Comparative Example

[0094] From Table 4 and Figures 2 to 4It can be seen that the eco-friendly bird repellent N1 based on multimodal behavioral interference prepared in Example 1 has significantly better antifeeding rate, avoidance rate, and ear protection efficacy than the comparative examples. Comparative Example 1, without secondary chitosan encapsulation, showed decreased sustained-release performance, significantly shortened duration of effect, and a substantial increase in ear damage rate 28 days after application. Comparative Example 2, lacking maltitol polyoxyethylene ether and sodium alginate carrier, exhibited decreased system dispersibility and adhesion, resulting in a significant reduction in bird repellency. Comparative Example 3, without sodium octenyl succinate starch, showed weakened film-forming properties and erosion resistance, leading to a significant decline in efficacy in the later stages. Comparative Example 4, lacking bitter melon extract and coptis extract, lacked gustatory antifeeding effects, resulting in a significant decrease in antifeeding and avoidance rates, and the most severe bird damage. Comparative Examples 5-9 lacked one olfactory component from peppermint oil, clove oil, n-octanal, limonene, and turpentine, respectively, resulting in incomplete olfactory repellency signals and varying degrees of decreased bird repellency. It is evident that each essential oil component significantly contributes to the bird-repelling effect, with varying contribution rates, ranked as follows: octanal > peppermint oil > clove oil > turpentine > limonene. Octalal, peppermint oil, and clove oil have relatively high contribution rates and are the core components for the bird-repelling effect. Their function is mainly manifested in olfactory interference; their absence significantly reduces the bird-repelling effect (feed rejection rate, avoidance rate) and increases the ear damage rate, indicating that these three components are key olfactory factors for achieving multimodal behavioral interference. Turpentine and limonene have relatively low contribution rates, but their absence still significantly reduces the bird-repelling effect. The combination of these components can effectively enhance the olfactory interference effect of the core components, prolong the bird-repelling duration, and form a synergistic effect with the core components.

[0095] In summary, this invention achieves multimodal interference and long-term control of rice pests through gradient double encapsulation of β-cyclodextrin and chitosan, multi-component olfactory compounding, bitter taste repellency, and synergistic effect of modified carrier. The components and preparation process have significant synergistic effects, and the resulting bird repellent has outstanding effect, long duration of action, and is eco-friendly, demonstrating significant inventiveness and practicality.

[0096] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: S1, Gradient Double Embedding Preprocessing Dissolve β-cyclodextrin in water, then slowly add a mixture of essential oils (peppermint oil, clove oil, n-octanal, limonene, and turpentine) in a weight ratio of 8:6.9~7.1:3.9~4.1:19.8~20.2:10.7~11.3) and stir to form a primary microencapsulation complex. After adjusting the pH of the primary microencapsulation complex, add water-soluble chitosan and disperse it by ultrasonication while stirring to form a secondary complex encapsulation system. The weight ratio of the mixed essential oils to β-cyclodextrin is 50:300~310, and the weight ratio of the mixed essential oils to water-soluble chitosan is 50:4.5~5.

0. S2, Dissolution of taste components Bitter melon extract, coptis extract, and maltitol polyoxyethylene ether were dissolved in water and propylene glycol to obtain a flavor component solution; wherein the weight ratio of the mixed essential oil to bitter melon extract, coptis extract, and maltitol polyoxyethylene ether was 50:62~63:24.5~25.5:34.5~35.

5. S3, Carrier Modification and Dispersion Add water to the starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, stir, then add glutaraldehyde and sodium alginate solution, and continue stirring to form a uniform carrier dispersion; wherein, the weight ratio of the mixed essential oil to the starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer and sodium alginate is 50:34.5~35.5:0.48~0.52; S4, Low-temperature ultrasonic emulsification After adjusting the pH of the secondary composite encapsulation system, add the taste component solution and mix well to obtain a mixture. Emulsifier and antioxidant were added to the carrier dispersion, and then the mixture was slowly added dropwise while stirring. Emulsification was carried out continuously in an intermittent mode of stirring and sonication. After emulsification, an emulsion system was obtained. The weight ratio of the mixed essential oil to the emulsifier and antioxidant was 50:7.4~7.6:2.4~2.

6. The temperature for continuous emulsification in the intermittent mode was 30~35℃. S5, Modification and Filtration Guar gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were added to the emulsion system, stirred and dispersed, and the pH was adjusted. Then sodium octenyl succinate starch and potassium sorbate were added, stirred and mixed, and filtered to obtain the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference. The weight ratio of the mixed essential oil to sodium octenyl succinate starch is 50:0.48~0.

52.

2. The preparation method of the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the temperature for dissolving β-cyclodextrin is 42~48℃; The encapsulation temperature is 30~35℃ and the time is 25~35min; The adjusted pH value is 4.5~5.0; The temperature for ultrasonic dispersion while stirring is 30~35℃ and the power is 190~210W.

3. The method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the weight ratio of starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer to glutaraldehyde is 34.5~35.5:0.13~0.18; The concentration of glutaraldehyde is 25 wt%.

4. The method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the intermittent emulsification mode is performed by intermittent stirring for 30 seconds and sonication for 30 seconds.

5. The method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the pH of the secondary composite encapsulation system is adjusted to 5.8-6.2; The stirring speed during the dropwise addition of the mixture is 580~620 r / min; The stirring speed for continuous emulsification in intermittent mode is 580~620 r / min, the ultrasonic power is 180~200 W, and the time is 25~30 min.

6. The method for preparing an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, after adding guar gum and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and before adding sodium octenyl succinate starch and potassium sorbate, the pH is adjusted to 6.8-7.

2.

7. The application of an eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference, characterized in that, Apply the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference as described in any one of claims 1-6 to achieve the effect of repelling birds.

8. The application of the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference according to claim 7, characterized in that, The application method of the eco-friendly bird repellent based on multimodal behavioral interference is seed dressing and / or spraying.

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