An oil-water rapid separation device for environmental emergency

Abstract

This invention discloses a rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use, specifically relating to the field of environmental emergency technology. It includes a housing, with a filter assembly on the upper side of the housing and a buffer assembly on the lower side. A first separation assembly is located inside the housing, and a cleaning assembly is located behind the first separation assembly. An adjustment mechanism is located on the right side of the housing, and a second separation assembly is located on the lower side of the housing. Through the cooperation of these components, this invention first uses the filter assembly and buffer assembly to buffer the flow rate of the oil-water mixture, preventing damage to the first filter membrane. Then, the first separation assembly, the cleaning assembly, the adjustment mechanism, and the second separation assembly respectively achieve dynamic filtration of the oil-water mixture twice. Both components can achieve cleaning while filtering the oil-water mixture, realizing a cyclical operation of separation and cleaning, ensuring continuous operation of the device, and adapting to the high-efficiency processing needs of emergency scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental emergency technology, and in particular to a rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency applications. Background Technology

[0002] Environmental emergency scenarios (such as oil spills and sudden industrial wastewater discharges) urgently require rapid oil-water separation. Existing technologies mainly revolve around physical separation and membrane separation. In physical separation, gravity-fed devices rely on the density difference between water and oil to allow stratification, offering a simple structure and low cost, suitable for low-concentration, low-flow emergency treatment. Centrifugal devices use the centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation to accelerate stratification, offering higher efficiency and are mostly used for medium- to large-scale industrial oil spill emergencies. Membrane separation has become the mainstream in recent years, using hydrophilic-oleophobic or hydrophobic-oleophilic membranes as the core. It utilizes the selective permeability of the membrane for separation, combined with basic filter screens to pre-treat impurities, suitable for small- to medium-scale emergency rapid separation. Some also incorporate water flow distribution structures to improve membrane surface utilization.

[0003] However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings in emergency scenarios: First, efficiency and continuity are difficult to balance. Gravity separation is time-consuming and cannot cope with sudden large-scale leaks. Membrane separation is prone to pore blockage by impurities and oil adhering to the membrane surface, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning and replacement, thus interrupting the process. Second, adaptability is poor. Centrifugal equipment is large in size and relies on external power, making it inconvenient to deploy quickly on-site. Small devices have limited processing capacity and lack long-term membrane anti-clogging design, making it difficult to meet the demand for high-load uninterrupted operation and failing to meet the core requirements of high efficiency, stability, and environmental protection in emergency situations.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN218231969U discloses a rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use, including a water source tank with a concave slope on the inner bottom surface. An inlet pipe is connected to the outer side of the water source tank, and a drain pipe is connected to the bottom surface. The device also includes an oil scraping belt, a drive wheel, and a driven wheel. A housing is installed at the top of the water source tank, and the drive wheel is supported by bearings at the inner top of the housing. An oil scraping and conveying assembly is also installed on the housing. This environmental emergency oil-water separation device utilizes the different gravities and surface tensions between oil and water, employing a circulating oil scraping belt to scrape oil from wastewater. The concave slope on the inner bottom surface of the water source tank ensures that wastewater accumulates in the middle, guaranteeing reliable oil scraping from the wastewater by the oil scraping belt. Continuous and rapid oil-water separation can be achieved without stopping the machine, meeting environmental emergency needs and demonstrating high oil-water separation efficiency.

[0005] However, the aforementioned device cannot simultaneously clean the filter while rapidly separating the components, thus failing to guarantee continuous filtration. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An environmental emergency oil-water rapid separation device includes a housing. A water inlet pipe is provided on the left side of the housing, and an oil drain pipe is provided at the lower end of the housing. A filter assembly is provided on the upper side of the housing, and a buffer assembly is provided on the lower side of the filter assembly. A separation assembly I for preliminary rapid filtration of oil-water mixture is provided inside the housing. The separation assembly I includes a filter membrane. A cleaning assembly for cleaning the filter membrane is provided on the rear side of the separation assembly I. An adjustment mechanism is provided on the right side of the housing, and a separation assembly II for secondary filtration of oil-water mixture is provided on the lower side of the housing.

[0008] Preferably, the filter assembly includes a filter plate fixedly installed on the inner surface of the housing, and a guide tube is fixedly connected to the lower end of the filter plate.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer assembly includes two bent pipes fixedly connected to both sides of the guide pipe, a wave seat fixedly connected to the inner surface of the box, the wave seat being wave-shaped and including two protrusions, the lower ends of the two bent pipes on the same side being fixedly connected to the protrusions at corresponding positions on the surface of the wave seat, a through groove 1 being provided on both sides of the two protrusions on the surface of the wave seat, three through grooves 2 being provided at the upper end of the wave seat, a water collection tank being fixedly connected to the lower end of the wave seat, and a drain pipe 1 being fixedly connected to the front end of the water collection tank.

[0010] Preferably, the separation component includes two outer shells symmetrically arranged with respect to the outer surface of the housing. Each of the two outer shells has a drain outlet on its lower side at the end closest to each other. Both outer shells have a winding roller rotatably connected to their inner surfaces. The winding roller on the right side is fixedly connected to an external motor. The two winding rollers are connected to each other via a belt drive mechanism. A traction cloth is wound around the outer surface of the right winding roller. A filter membrane is installed at the end of the traction cloth away from the right winding roller. The end of the filter membrane away from the traction cloth is wound around the left winding roller. The filter membrane is slidably connected to a corrugated seat.

[0011] Preferably, the inner surfaces of both outer shells are rotatably connected to guide rollers, the outer surfaces of the two guide rollers are rotatably connected to the filter membrane, and an oil drain pipe is provided at the rear end of the housing and above the wave seat.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes two outer shells, each with its rear end fixedly connected to a second outer shell. A bevel gear transmission mechanism is fixedly connected to the rear end of each of the two take-up rollers. A threaded rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of each of the two bevel gear transmission mechanisms. A sliding plate is threaded onto the outer surface of each of the two threaded rods. A limiting post is fixedly connected to the inner surface of each of the two outer shells to facilitate the limiting of the sliding plate. The outer surface of each of the two limiting posts is slidably connected to the sliding plate on the same side. Two bladders are installed on the inner surface of each of the two outer shells.

[0013] Preferably, each of the two bladders on the same side has a connecting tube at its front end, and each of the two connecting tubes on the same side has a nozzle installed at the end away from the bladder. The two nozzles on the same side are respectively fixedly connected to the outer shell on the same side.

[0014] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes guide wheels fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two sliding plates, a third outer shell fixedly connected to the right side of the housing, a fixed rod fixedly connected to the front side wall of the inner surface of the third outer shell, a rack slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed rod, a spring fixedly connected to the front end of the rack, a guide seat fixedly connected to the upper end of the rack, a gear meshing with the upper end of the rack, a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the left end of the gear, the outer surface of the rotating shaft rotatably connected to the housing, and the lower end of the guide wheel slidably connected to the upper end of the guide seat.

[0015] Preferably, the second separation component includes a rotating roller fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft. The outer surface of the rotating roller is provided with several guide grooves. Fixed columns are fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the inner surface of the box. Several adjusting blocks are slidably connected to the outer surface of each fixed column. Guide blocks are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the several adjusting blocks on the rear side. The outer surfaces of the several guide blocks are slidably connected to the guide grooves at appropriate positions. Connecting rods are fixedly connected to the sides of the several adjusting blocks located at the front and rear ends that are close to each other. Filter membranes are provided at the middle positions of two adjacent connecting rods.

[0016] Preferably, each of the two connecting rods located at the left and right ends is provided with a filter membrane three at one end, and the two filter membranes three are fixedly connected to the box body. Water boxes are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner surface of the box body, and drain pipe two is installed on the right end of the two water boxes.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through the cooperation of various components, firstly uses the filtration component and buffer component to buffer the flow rate of the water-oil mixture, avoiding damage to the first filter membrane. Then, through the separation component one, cleaning component, adjustment mechanism and separation component two, dynamic filtration of the water-oil mixture is achieved twice. Both can achieve the effect of cleaning while filtering the water-oil mixture, realizing the cyclic operation of separation and cleaning. The whole process does not require shutdown for cleaning, ensuring continuous operation of the device and adapting to the high-efficiency processing needs in emergency scenarios.

[0018] 2. This invention first reduces the impact of the water-oil mixture on the first filter membrane by using a filtration component and a buffer component. Then, the water-oil mixture is filtered twice by the first and second filter membranes. The first separation quickly processes a large amount of mixture, and the second filtration improves the purity of the oil, meeting the high requirements for separation effect in emergency scenarios. Simultaneously, by using the cleaning component, adjustment mechanism and separation component two in cooperation, the first filter membrane can be continuously cleaned by the gas and water sprayed from both sides during the movement, achieving dual protection of dynamic surface cleaning and deep pore cleaning of the first filter membrane. It also allows the second and third filter membranes to continuously unfold and wrinkle during the filtration process. When unfolded, it ensures the rapid passage of oil, and when wrinkled, it removes water droplets from the membrane surface, which is fully adapted to the processing requirements of non-stop and high load in emergency scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the separation component one of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second separation component of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the diagram; Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the second separation component of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 11. Water inlet pipe; 12. Oil drain pipe; 2. Filter assembly; 21. Filter plate; 22. Guide pipe; 3. Buffer assembly; 31. Bent pipe; 32. Wave seat; 321. Through groove one; 322. Through groove two; 33. Water collection tank; 34. Drain pipe one; 4. Separation assembly one; 41. Outer shell one; 411. Drain outlet; 42. Take-up roller; 43. Traction cloth; 44. Filter membrane one; 46. Guide roller; 47. Oil drain pipe; 5. Cleaning assembly; 51. Outer shell two; 52. Bevel gear transmission mechanism; 5 3. Threaded rod; 54. Sliding plate; 55. Limiting post; 56. Bag body; 57. Connecting pipe; 58. Nozzle; 6. Adjusting mechanism; 61. Guide wheel; 62. Outer shell three; 63. Fixing rod; 64. Spring; 65. Rack; 66. Guide seat; 67. Gear; 68. Rotating shaft; 7. Separation component two; 71. Rotating roller; 711. Guide groove; 72. Fixing post; 73. Adjusting block; 731. Guide block; 74. Connecting rod; 75. Filter membrane two; 76. Filter membrane three; 77. Water box; 78. Drain pipe two. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1, as Figure 1-2 As shown, an environmental emergency oil-water rapid separation device includes a housing 1, a water inlet pipe 11 on the left side of the housing 1, an oil drain pipe 12 at the lower end of the housing 1, a filter assembly 2 on the upper side inside the housing 1, a buffer assembly 3 on the lower side of the filter assembly 2, a separation assembly 4 inside the housing 1 for preliminary rapid filtration of the oil-water mixture, the separation assembly 4 including a filter membrane 44, a cleaning assembly 5 for cleaning the filter membrane 44 on the rear side of the separation assembly 4, an adjustment mechanism 6 on the right side of the housing 1, and a separation assembly 7 for secondary filtration of the oil-water mixture on the lower side inside the housing 1.

[0023] In the operation of this embodiment, through the cooperation of various components, the flow rate of the water-oil mixture is first buffered by the filter component 2 and the buffer component 3 to avoid damage to the filter membrane 44. Then, the water-oil mixture is dynamically filtered twice by the separation component 4, the cleaning component 5, the adjustment mechanism 6 and the separation component 7 respectively. Both can achieve the cleaning effect while filtering the water-oil mixture, realizing the cyclic operation of separation and cleaning. The whole process does not require shutdown for cleaning, ensuring continuous operation of the device and adapting to the high-efficiency processing needs in emergency scenarios.

[0024] Example 2, as Figure 2-10The filter assembly 2 includes a filter plate 21 fixedly installed on the inner surface of the housing 1, and a guide tube 22 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the filter plate 21.

[0025] The filter plate 21 can intercept solid impurities in the water-oil mixture, such as mud and debris, to prevent impurities from clogging the flow channels of the subsequent bend pipe 31. This protects the subsequent core components from the source, prevents impurities from scratching or abrading the subsequent flexible membrane material, extends the service life of the core filter unit, ensures the continuity of emergency separation, maintains the long-term smooth operation of the device, and reduces downtime maintenance caused by blockage in emergency scenarios.

[0026] The buffer assembly 3 includes two bent pipes 31 that are fixedly connected to both sides of the guide pipe 22. A wave seat 32 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing 1. The wave seat 32 is wave-shaped and includes two protrusions. The lower ends of the two bent pipes 31 on the same side are fixedly connected to the protrusions at corresponding positions on the surface of the wave seat 32. A through groove 321 is provided on both sides of the two protrusions on the surface of the wave seat 32. Three through grooves 322 are provided on the upper end of the wave seat 32. A water collection tank 33 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the wave seat 32. A drain pipe 34 is fixedly connected to the front end of the water collection tank 33.

[0027] Furthermore, by utilizing the density difference between water and oil, the flow path and residence time of the mixture are extended through the bend in the pipe 31, forming a preliminary water-oil pre-separation. The oil droplets slightly aggregate due to centrifugal force or gravity, reducing the instantaneous processing load on the subsequent filter membrane 44 and preventing the filter membrane 44 from becoming rapidly saturated due to excessive instantaneous oil droplets. At the same time, it buffers the water flow speed, preventing high-speed water flow from directly impacting the filter membrane 44 and causing damage, reducing the wear and tear on the filter membrane 44 caused by water flow impact, and maintaining the stability of the device operation.

[0028] Furthermore, the water flowing out of the bent pipe 31 will first contact the plane position of the through groove 321, guiding the water flow to be evenly distributed to both sides, overflowing from the through grooves 321 on both sides, dispersing the impact force of the water flow, avoiding the water flow from concentrating on impacting a certain local area of ​​the filter membrane 44, preventing the filter membrane 44 from being overloaded, deformed or damaged, and extending the service life of the membrane. The separation component 4 includes two outer shells 41 symmetrically arranged with respect to the outer surface of the housing 1. Each outer shell 41 has a drain outlet 411 on its lower side at the end closest to it. The inner surfaces of the two outer shells 41 are rotatably connected to a take-up roller 42. The take-up roller 42 on the right side is fixedly connected to an external motor. The two take-up rollers 42 are connected by a belt drive mechanism. A traction cloth 43 is wound around the outer surface of the right take-up roller 42. A filter membrane 44 is installed at the end of the traction cloth 43 away from the right take-up roller 42. The end of the filter membrane 44 away from the traction cloth 43 is wound around the left take-up roller 42. The filter membrane 44 is slidably connected to the wave seat 32.

[0029] Furthermore, the drain outlet 411 can re-transport the liquid after cleaning the filter membrane 44 back into the interior of the housing 1, where it will enter the next stage of separation along with the remaining water-oil mixture.

[0030] The filter membrane 44 mentioned above is composed of a hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane, a non-woven fabric support layer, and a flexible reinforcing membrane, which are arranged in the order of upper, middle, and lower. Among them, the hydrophilic properties of the hydrophilic membrane allow water to pass through smoothly, while the oleophobic properties strongly intercept the oil phase, directly realizing the core function of oil-water separation, ensuring the basic effectiveness of separation, and the oleophobic properties can reduce the amount of oil adhering to the membrane surface, reduce the risk of oil film clogging the membrane pores, and maintain the long-term water permeability of the membrane. The non-woven fabric support layer provides structural support for the thin and easily deformable hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane, preventing the hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane from wrinkling or collapsing when water flows or the membrane moves, ensuring that the membrane pores always maintain unobstructed filtration channels, and preventing the filtration effect from decreasing due to membrane deformation. The flexible reinforced membrane, with its flexible properties, adapts to the needs of left-right reciprocating movement, avoiding the breakage or damage of the hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane due to excessive rigidity during movement, ensuring the continuity of the dynamic separation process, enhancing the overall toughness and strength of the filter membrane 44, resisting the damage to the hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane under cleaning pressure during subsequent cleaning processes, and extending the service life of the hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane.

[0031] Furthermore, the traction cloth 43 is used to connect the filter membrane 44. When the take-up roller 42 rotates clockwise, the traction cloth 43 can be taken in first and the filter membrane 44 can be moved as a whole to the right outer shell 41 for cleaning. At the same time, the part of the cleaned filter membrane 44 located in the left outer shell 41 will also be pulled out to filter the oil-water mixture.

[0032] Furthermore, when the filter membrane 44 moves left and right in the oil-water mixture, the oil-water mixture layer that is in close contact with the surface of the filter membrane 44 moves slower than the filter membrane 44 due to inertia. This allows the filter membrane 44 to continuously carry away or brush off the attached oil using the shearing force of the water flow during its movement, preventing it from clogging the membrane pores.

[0033] Furthermore, the belt drive mechanism described above belongs to the conventional technical field of the prior art, and consists of two pulleys and a belt.

[0034] The inner surfaces of the two outer shells 41 are rotatably connected to guide rollers 46, and the outer surfaces of the two guide rollers 46 are rotatably connected to the filter membrane 44. An oil drain pipe 47 is provided at the rear end of the housing 1 and above the wave seat 32.

[0035] Furthermore, the oil intercepted by the filter membrane 44 will be discharged from the oil drain pipe 47 to the lower space. Also, because the water-oil mixture is continuous, the liquid discharged by the oil drain pipe 47 will also contain water-oil mixture in the later stage, but it will still be mostly oil and less water. This part of the water-oil mixture will enter the next stage for filtration.

[0036] Then, the external motor is started to drive the take-up roller 42 to start reciprocating rotation. The wastewater mixture enters the interior of the tank 1 from the inlet pipe 11. It first passes through the filter plate 21 to filter the impurities inside, and then overflows from the through groove 321 through the bent pipe 31, flowing to the filter membrane 44 in the middle of the wave seat 32 for filtration. The water will directly pass through the filter membrane 44 into the water collection tank 33 and be discharged through the drain pipe 34. The oil will be transferred to the next area through the oil drain pipe 47 during the interception process. During the filtration process, the filter membrane 44 will move back and forth under the drive of the take-up roller 42. The filter membrane 44 and the flowing water will generate relative motion, forming a water flow shear force, which can actively peel off the oil layer attached to the surface of the filter membrane 44, reduce the accumulation of oil on the membrane surface, avoid the membrane being covered by oil and thus reduce the water permeability, and maintain the effective filtration area of ​​the filter membrane 44. When too much water and oil mixture accumulates on the surface of the wave seat 32, the overflowing water and oil mixture will also be discharged from the oil drain pipe 47 and enter the next stage together.

[0037] The cleaning component 5 includes two outer shells 41, each with its rear end fixedly connected to a second outer shell 51. The rear ends of two take-up rollers 42 are each fixedly connected to a bevel gear transmission mechanism 52. The lower ends of the two bevel gear transmission mechanisms 52 are each fixedly connected to a threaded rod 53. The outer surfaces of the two threaded rods 53 are each threadedly connected to a sliding plate 54. The inner surfaces of the two outer shells 51 are each fixedly connected to a limiting post 55 for limiting the sliding plate 54. The outer surfaces of the two limiting posts 55 are slidably connected to the sliding plate 54 on the same side. The inner surfaces of the two outer shells 51 are each equipped with two bladders 56.

[0038] The front ends of the two bladders 56 on the same side are provided with connecting pipes 57, and the ends of the two connecting pipes 57 on the same side away from the bladders 56 are each equipped with nozzles 58. The two nozzles 58 on the same side are respectively fixedly connected to the outer shell 41 on the same side.

[0039] Furthermore, the two bladders 56 are filled with clean water and gas respectively, and are respectively delivered to the corresponding nozzles 58 through the connecting pipes 57. The outer surfaces of the two bladders 56 are provided with one-way valves that are connected to the external water source and gas. The one-way valve can only allow air / water to enter, while the one-way valve connected to the connecting pipes 57 can only allow air / water to exit.

[0040] The bevel gear transmission mechanism 52 mentioned above is composed of two meshing bevel gears. When the take-up roller 42 rotates and drives the filter membrane 44 into the outer shell 41 on the right side, it can drive the bevel gear transmission mechanism 52 and the threaded rod 53 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the sliding plate 54 to descend. During the descent, the sliding plate 54 will continuously squeeze the two bladders 56, so that the nozzles 58 at the corresponding positions will simultaneously clean the filter membrane 44.

[0041] It is important to note that both gas and water are sprayed from the flexible reinforced membrane toward the hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane. This can push out residual oil embedded in the gaps of the hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane, remove blockages in the membrane pores, restore the membrane's water permeability, and the synergistic effect of gas and water can both carry away light residual oil through airflow and wash away stubborn oil stains through water flow, resulting in a more comprehensive cleaning effect and preventing residual oil from clogging the membrane pores for a long time and causing the membrane to become unusable.

[0042] Furthermore, the threads on the surfaces of the two threaded rods 53 are in opposite directions, and the initial positions of the two sliding plates 54 are opposite. When one sliding plate 54 is descending, the other sliding plate 54 is rising. Therefore, when one bladder 56 is squeezed, the other bladder 56 will be replenished with gas and water through another outlet.

[0043] The adjustment mechanism 6 includes guide wheels 61 fixedly connected to the lower ends of two sliding plates 54. A housing 62 is fixedly connected to the right side of the housing 1. A fixing rod 63 is fixedly connected to the front side wall of the inner surface of the housing 62. A rack 65 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixing rod 63. A spring 64 is fixedly connected to the front end of the rack 65. A guide seat 66 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rack 65. A gear 67 is meshed with the upper end of the rack 65. A rotating shaft 68 is fixedly connected to the left end of the gear 67. The outer surface of the rotating shaft 68 is rotatably connected to the housing 1. The lower end of the guide wheel 61 is slidably connected to the upper end of the guide seat 66.

[0044] Furthermore, the rear end of the fixing rod 63 does not contact the inner wall of the guide wheel 61, and there is a certain distance between them, which will not hinder the lifting and lowering of the guide wheel 61.

[0045] The separation component 7 includes a rotating roller 71 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 68. The outer surface of the rotating roller 71 is provided with several guide grooves 711. The front and rear sides of the inner surface of the housing 1 are fixedly connected to fixed columns 72. Several adjusting blocks 73 are slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed columns 72. The rear ends of the several adjusting blocks 73 are fixedly connected to guide blocks 731. The outer surfaces of the several guide blocks 731 are slidably connected to the guide grooves 711 at the appropriate positions. The sides of the several adjusting blocks 73 located at the front and rear ends that are close to each other are fixedly connected to connecting rods 74. A filter membrane 75 is provided in the middle of two adjacent connecting rods 74.

[0046] Both the second filter membrane 75 and the third filter membrane 76 mentioned above are composed of an oleophilic and hydrophobic membrane, a non-woven fabric support layer, and a flexible reinforcing membrane, which are arranged in the order of upper, middle, and lower, respectively. They can perform secondary filtration on the water-oil mixture after primary separation, intercept the small amount of water mixed in the oil, improve the purity of the final collected oil, prevent oil and water from mixing again, and ensure the stability of the separation effect.

[0047] Furthermore, the bottoms of both water containers 77 are inclined towards the drain pipe 78 to facilitate water drainage.

[0048] Furthermore, when the sliding plate 54 descends, it drives the guide wheel 61 to descend synchronously, causing the guide seat 66 to be squeezed and move forward. This pushes the rack 65 to mesh with the gear 67, causing the rotating shaft 68 and the rotating roller 71 to rotate synchronously. When the rotating roller 71 rotates, the guide groove 711 on its surface will drive several guide blocks 731, connecting rods 74 and filter membrane 75 to converge towards the center synchronously, pulling the filter membrane 76 on both sides to unfold. When the guide wheel 61 continues to descend and disengages from the upper end of the guide seat 66, the guide seat 66 is pushed forward by the guide wheel. The guide wheel 61 will remain stationary until it rises and completely disengages from the guide seat 66. The rack 65 will reset under the elastic push of the spring 64, thereby driving the rotating roller 71 to rotate in the opposite direction. This will cause the second filter membrane 75 in the middle to unfold, while the third filter membranes on both sides will wrinkle. This cycle repeats, and the blocked water will overflow from the front and rear ends of the second and third filter membranes 75 and enter the water collection box 77. Finally, it will be drained out through the second drain pipe 78, while the oil will accumulate at the bottom of the box 1 and eventually be discharged from the first oil drain pipe 12.

[0049] Two connecting rods 74 located at the left and right ends are each provided with a filter membrane 76 at their far ends. The two filter membranes 76 are fixedly connected to the box body 1. Water boxes 77 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner surface of the box body 1. Drain pipes 78 are installed on the right ends of the two water boxes 77.

[0050] When filter membrane 2 75 unfolds, the membrane is stretched, the membrane pores open fully, increasing the oil passage area and improving the oil permeation efficiency; when filter membrane 2 75 wrinkles, the membrane sheet bends and shakes violently, which can peel off the small water droplets attached to the membrane surface, reduce the amount of water attached to the membrane surface, avoid water droplets clogging the membrane pores and affecting the oil permeation efficiency, and at the same time prevent water and oil from mixing again.

[0051] Therefore, this solution first reduces the impact of the water-oil mixture on the filter membrane 44 by using filter component 2 and buffer component 3. Then, the water-oil mixture is filtered twice by filter membrane 44 and filter membrane 75. The first separation quickly processes a large amount of mixture, and the second filtration improves the purity of the oil, meeting the high requirements for separation effect in emergency scenarios. Simultaneously, by using the cleaning component 5, the adjusting mechanism 6 and the separation component 7, the filter membrane 44 can be continuously cleaned by the gas and water sprayed from both sides during the movement, achieving dual protection of dynamic surface cleaning and deep pore cleaning of filter membrane 44. It also allows filter membrane 75 and filter membrane 76 to continuously unfold and wrinkle during the filtration process. When unfolded, it ensures the rapid passage of oil, and when wrinkled, it removes water droplets from the membrane surface, fully adapting to the non-stop, high-load processing requirements in emergency scenarios.

[0052] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An environmental emergency oil-water rapid separation device, comprising a housing (1), wherein a water inlet pipe (11) is provided on the left side of the housing (1), and an oil drain pipe (12) is provided at the lower end of the housing (1), characterized in that: A filter assembly (2) is provided on the upper side of the inside of the box (1), and a buffer assembly (3) is provided on the lower side of the filter assembly (2). A separation assembly (4) is provided inside the box (1) to perform preliminary and rapid filtration of the oil-water mixture. The separation assembly (4) includes a filter membrane (44). A cleaning assembly (5) is provided on the rear side of the separation assembly (4) to clean the filter membrane (44). An adjustment mechanism (6) is provided on the right side of the box (1). A separation assembly (7) is provided on the lower side of the inside of the box (1) to perform secondary filtration of the oil-water mixture.

2. The rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (2) includes a filter plate (21) fixedly installed on the inner surface of the housing (1), and a guide tube (22) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the filter plate (21).

3. The rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (3) includes two bent pipes (31) fixedly connected to both sides of the guide pipe (22). A wave seat (32) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the box (1). The wave seat (32) is wave-shaped and includes two protrusions. The lower ends of the two bent pipes (31) on the same side are fixedly connected to the protrusions at corresponding positions on the surface of the wave seat (32). A through groove (321) is provided on both sides of the two protrusions on the surface of the wave seat (32). Three through grooves (322) are provided at the upper end of the wave seat (32). A water collection tank (33) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the wave seat (32). A drain pipe (34) is fixedly connected to the front end of the water collection tank (33).

4. The rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separation component 1 (4) includes two outer shells 1 (41) symmetrically arranged with respect to the outer surface of the box body (1). Each of the two outer shells 1 (41) has a drain outlet (411) on the lower side of one end close to the other. Each of the two outer shells 1 (41) has a take-up roller (42) rotatably connected to the inner surface of the two outer shells 1 (41). The take-up roller (42) on the right side is fixedly connected to an external motor. The two take-up rollers (42) are connected by a belt drive mechanism. The outer surface of the take-up roller (42) on the right side is wrapped with a traction cloth (43). A filter membrane 1 (44) is installed at the end of the traction cloth (43) away from the right take-up roller (42). The end of the filter membrane 1 (44) away from the traction cloth (43) is wrapped with the take-up roller (42) on the left side. The filter membrane 1 (44) is slidably connected to the wave seat (32).

5. The rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner surfaces of the two outer shells (41) are rotatably connected to guide rollers (46), and the outer surfaces of the two guide rollers (46) are rotatably connected to filter membrane (44). An oil drain pipe (47) is provided at the rear end of the housing (1) and on the upper side of the wave seat (32).

6. The rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning component (5) includes two outer shells (41) whose rear ends are fixedly connected to each other. The rear ends of the two take-up rollers (42) are fixedly connected to bevel gear transmission mechanisms (52). The lower ends of the two bevel gear transmission mechanisms (52) are fixedly connected to threaded rods (53). The outer surfaces of the two threaded rods (53) are threadedly connected to sliding plates (54). The inner surfaces of the two outer shells (51) are fixedly connected to limiting posts (55) to facilitate limiting the sliding plates (54). The outer surfaces of the two limiting posts (55) are slidably connected to the sliding plates (54) on the same side. The inner surfaces of the two outer shells (51) are each equipped with two bladders (56).

7. The rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front ends of the two bladders (56) on the same side are provided with connecting pipes (57), and the ends of the two connecting pipes (57) on the same side away from the bladders (56) are each equipped with nozzles (58). The two nozzles (58) on the same side are respectively fixedly connected to the outer shell (41) on the same side.

8. The rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (6) includes guide wheels (61) fixedly connected to the lower ends of two sliding plates (54), a third outer shell (62) fixedly connected to the right side of the housing (1), a fixed rod (63) fixedly connected to the front side wall of the inner surface of the third outer shell (62), a rack (65) slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed rod (63), a spring (64) fixedly connected to the front end of the rack (65), a guide seat (66) fixedly connected to the upper end of the rack (65), a gear (67) meshing with the upper end of the rack (65), a rotating shaft (68) fixedly connected to the left end of the gear (67), the outer surface of the rotating shaft (68) rotatably connected to the housing (1), and the lower end of the guide wheel (61) slidably connected to the upper end of the guide seat (66).

9. The rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The separation component 2 (7) includes a rotating roller (71) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft (68). The outer surface of the rotating roller (71) is provided with several guide grooves (711). Fixed columns (72) are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner surface of the box (1). Several adjusting blocks (73) are slidably connected to the outer surface of the fixed columns (72). The rear ends of several adjusting blocks (73) are fixedly connected to guide blocks (731). The outer surfaces of several guide blocks (731) are slidably connected to the guide grooves (711) at the appropriate positions. Connecting rods (74) are fixedly connected to the side of several adjusting blocks (73) located at the front and rear ends that are close to each other. Filter membrane 2 (75) is provided in the middle position of two adjacent connecting rods (74).

10. The rapid oil-water separation device for environmental emergency use according to claim 9, characterized in that: Two connecting rods (74) located at the left and right ends are provided with filter membrane three (76) at their far ends. The two filter membrane three (76) are fixedly connected to the box body (1). Water boxes (77) are fixedly connected to the front and back sides of the inner surface of the box body (1). Drain pipe two (78) is installed on the right end of the two water boxes (77).

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