Cross-linking film-forming long-acting antistatic insulating cleaning agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent and its preparation method, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of basic cleaning solvent; 10-25 parts of film-forming resin; 3-10 parts of reactive antistatic agent; 0.1-0.8 parts of cross-linking catalyst; 0-5 parts of penetration aid; 0.5-3 parts of dispersion stabilizer; and 0.1-0.5 parts of leveling agent. This invention uses modified alcohol / ester compounds as the basic cleaning solvent, whose molecular structure contains both polar and non-polar groups, exhibiting excellent dissolving ability for both polar and non-polar dirt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cleaning agent technology, and in particular relates to a cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term operation, power systems, communication base stations, rail transit, and precision electronic equipment accumulate pollutants such as dust, oil, and salt spray on their surfaces. In humid environments, these pollutants can reduce the surface insulation resistance of the equipment, triggering flashover discharge. At the same time, the static charge generated during equipment operation will attract more dust, forming a vicious cycle of "contamination-static electricity-recontamination," which can lead to electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage to sensitive components in severe cases.

[0003] In existing technologies, insulating cleaning agents primarily use hydrocarbon solvents as the basic cleaning component. However, hydrocarbon solvents have the following inherent drawbacks: (1) Limitations of polarity matching: Hydrocarbon solvents are non-polar solvents, which are not strong enough to dissolve polar dirt (such as fingerprints, polar oil stains, and salt deposits), thus limiting the cleaning effect.

[0004] (2) Material compatibility risk: Long-term contact with certain non-polar polymer materials (such as rubber and some plastics) may lead to swelling or cracking.

[0005] (3) Flash point safety hazards: Most hydrocarbon solvents are flammable, posing certain safety risks in live cleaning scenarios.

[0006] (4) Poor compatibility of antistatic agents: Commonly used antistatic agents such as quaternary ammonium salts are polar compounds, which have poor dispersion stability in non-polar hydrocarbon solvents and are prone to precipitation or agglomeration.

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, those skilled in the art have attempted to develop alternative solvents such as hydrofluoroethers and fluorosilicones. However, the high cost of these solvents limits their large-scale application. Therefore, developing an alternative solvent system that is cost-effective, has adjustable polarity, good material compatibility, and is well-compatible with antistatic agents has become an important research direction in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent and its preparation method, so as to solve at least one technical problem in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: A cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent, comprising the following components in parts by weight: Basic cleaning solvent: 50-80 parts; 10-25 parts of film-forming resin; 3-10 parts of reactive antistatic agent; Crosslinking catalyst 0.1–0.8 parts; Penetration aid 0-5 parts; Dispersant stabilizer 0.5–3 parts; Leveling agent 0.1 to 0.5 parts.

[0010] Preferably, the mass fractions of each component are: Modified alcohol / ester base cleaning solvent: 60-75 parts Film-forming resin: 12-20 parts Reactive antistatic agent: 4-8 parts Crosslinking catalyst: 0.2–0.5 parts Penetration aid: 1-3 parts Dispersant stabilizer: 1-2 parts; Leveling agent: 0.2 to 0.4 parts.

[0011] This invention selects modified alcohol / ester compounds as the basic cleaning solvent. Its core feature is that the molecular structure contains both hydroxyl (-OH) and / or ester (-COO-) groups, which have moderate polarity and adjustable evaporation rate.

[0012] Selected from one or more combinations of the following compounds: Preferably, the basic cleaning solvent is dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 1,4-butanediol, and D-limonene, with a mass ratio of (15-30):(15-20):(10-20):(10-15):(5-10).

[0013] Film-forming polymers selected from those containing reactive functional groups (such as epoxy, hydroxyl, amino, and carboxyl groups) can undergo cross-linking reactions with reactive antistatic agents. The resulting film should be transparent, have strong adhesion, and exhibit good weather resistance.

[0014] 1) Hydroxy acrylic resin: hydroxyl value 30-100 mgKOH / g, molecular weight 5000-20000; 2) Epoxy-based silicone resins: such as epoxy-modified polysiloxanes, with an epoxy value of 0.1–0.5 mol / 100g; 3) Amino silicone oil: ammonia value of 0.1-0.6 mmol / g, capable of self-crosslinking or reacting with epoxy groups; 4) Waterborne polyurethane: Suitable for scenarios with high environmental protection requirements.

[0015] Further preferred, the present invention employs a modified alcohol / ester solvent system with moderate polarity, exhibiting optimal compatibility with hydroxyl acrylic resin. Preferably, the hydroxyl acrylic resin has a hydroxyl value of 50–80 mg KOH / g, exhibiting moderate reactivity with epoxy quaternary ammonium salt antistatic agents and resulting in uniform film formation. Commercially available products such as Mitsubishi Rayon LR-7605, DSM NeoCrylB-725, or other equivalent products known in the art can be used.

[0016] Reactive antistatic agents Antistatic agents selected from those containing functional groups that can chemically react with film-forming resins are fixed in a three-dimensional network through chemical bonds during film formation, achieving long-lasting antistatic effects.

[0017] Preferred options are: 1) epoxy quaternary ammonium salts, such as glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (CAS: 3033-77-0) and glycidyltriethylammonium hydroxide; 2) Amino-modified quaternary ammonium salts: such as N-(3-aminopropyl)cocamide, N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; 3) Reactive polyether esters: Polyether-type antistatic agents containing hydroxyl or carboxyl groups; 4) Ionic liquid derivatives: such as imidazolium salts containing vinyl groups; Further optimization: The modified alcohol / ester solvent system used in this invention has excellent solubility and dispersion capabilities for polar antistatic agents, avoiding the precipitation problem of antistatic agents commonly found in hydrocarbon systems. Glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (CAS: 3033-77-0) is preferred, as it has high solubility in alcohol / ester solvents, moderate reactivity with hydroxyl acrylic resins, and is commercially available.

[0018] Crosslinking catalysts are used to promote the crosslinking reaction between film-forming resins and reactive antistatic agents.

[0019] Preferred options are: 1) Organotin compounds: Dibutyltin dilaurate (CAS: 77-58-7), Stannous octoate (CAS: 301-10-0) 2) Titanate esters: Tetraisopropyl titanate (CAS: 546-68-9), Tetrabutyl titanate (CAS: 5593-70-4) 3) Organic bismuth derivatives: Bismuth neodecanoate (CAS: 34364-26-6), environmentally friendly. 4) Tertiary amines: Triethylamine (CAS: 121-44-8), DMP-30 (CAS: 90-72-2) Further optimization: Dibutyltin dilaurate (CAS: 77-58-7), in an amount of 0.2 to 0.5 parts, can effectively catalyze the epoxy-hydroxyl reaction in the range of room temperature to 60°C.

[0020] Since modified alcohol / ester solvents already possess good penetrability, this component can be reduced or omitted as appropriate. For further enhancement of penetration into stubborn dirt, the following can be selected: 1) Ethylene glycol phenyl ether (CAS: 122-99-6); 2) Isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether (such as Dow Chemical's Tergitol 15-S series); 3) Polyether-modified polysiloxanes (such as BYK-348 from BYK Chemicals). Dispersing stabilizers are used to ensure that the components are uniform and stable, and to prevent stratification or precipitation during storage.

[0021] The dispersant stabilizer is selected from one or more of high molecular weight block copolymer dispersants and polyester-type superdispersants.

[0022] The high molecular weight block copolymer dispersant includes, but is not limited to: 1) High molecular weight block copolymer solutions containing amine groups: such as BYK-163 (40%~50% active ingredient), BYK-9076, BYK-2000 series from BYK Chemicals. 2) Polyurethane-based polymeric dispersants: such as Lubrizol Solsperse 20000 series and Solsperse 30000 series 3) Acrylic block copolymers: such as BASF EFKA4300 series The polyester-type hyperdispersant includes, but is not limited to: 4) Polyester-polyamine condensates: such as Lubrizol Solsperse 6000 series and Solsperse 7000 series. 5) Polyester-type polymeric dispersants: such as Kusunoki Chemical's DISPARLON 2150 Preferred: Amine-containing high molecular weight block copolymer dispersants, such as BYK-163 or equivalent products from BYK Chemical. Their chemical composition is an amine-containing high molecular weight block copolymer solution, exhibiting excellent dispersion and stabilization effects on both polar and non-polar systems, and showing the best compatibility with the modified alcohol / ester solvent systems of this invention.

[0023] Leveling agents are used to improve film uniformity and prevent defects such as pinholes and orange peel.

[0024] The leveling agent is selected from one or more of polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, polyacrylate leveling agents, and fluorocarbon surfactants.

[0025] The polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane includes, but is not limited to: Polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane: such as BYK-333, BYK-307, and BYK-378 from BYK Chemicals; Polyester-modified polydimethylsiloxane: such as BYK-310 and BYK-370 from BYK Chemicals; The polyacrylate leveling agents include, but are not limited to: Polyacrylate solutions: such as BYK-354 and BYK-361N from BYK Chemicals; Fluorinated modified acrylates: such as DuPont Capstone FS series; Preferred: Polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, such as BYK-333 or equivalent products from BYK Chemical. Its chemical composition is polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, which can significantly reduce surface tension, improve film uniformity, and has good compatibility with the system of this invention.

[0026] Furthermore, the protective film formed by the cleaning agent after drying on the surface of the cleaned object has the following characteristics: Initial surface resistance < 1 × 10 9 Ω; After 100 dry wiping cycles, the surface resistivity is still <1×10⁻⁶. 9 Ω; After 24 hours of simulated rain washing, the surface resistivity is still <1×10 9 Ω; The breakdown voltage of the cleaning agent itself is >14kV / mm.

[0027] A method for preparing the above-mentioned cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent includes the following steps: S1: Mix the film-forming resin with a portion of the basic cleaning solvent, stir and dissolve at 40-50°C to obtain a resin premix; S2: Mix the reactive antistatic agent, crosslinking catalyst and part of the basic cleaning solvent, stir at room temperature to obtain an antistatic agent dispersion; S3: Mix the dispersant stabilizer, leveling agent and remaining base cleaning solvent, stir at room temperature to obtain the additive mixture; S4: Add the antistatic agent dispersion to the resin premix and stir to mix. Then add the additive mixture and continue stirring. Then heat to 50-60℃ and stir for 2-4 hours. Cool and filter to obtain a cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent. Preferably, the stirring speed of the basic cleaning solvent added in step S1 is 300-500 rpm, the temperature is 40-50°C, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes. Preferably, in step S4, the antistatic agent dispersion from step S2 is added to the resin premix from step S1 under stirring conditions and stirred for 10-15 minutes, then the additive mixture from step S3 is added and stirred for another 20-30 minutes, followed by heating to 50-60°C and stirring for 2-4 hours.

[0028] The above-mentioned cleaning agents or cleaning agents prepared by the above methods are used in the cleaning and maintenance of power equipment, communication base stations, rail transit equipment, and precision electronic circuit boards, whether they are energized or not.

[0029] A method for long-lasting antistatic treatment of equipment surface involves spraying the aforementioned cleaning agent onto the equipment surface, and after the solvent evaporates, a chemically cross-linked antistatic protective film is formed on the surface.

[0030] The core technical principle behind this invention for achieving long-lasting antistatic effects lies in the synergistic effect of polarity matching and chemical cross-linking: Polarity matching improves compatibility; modified alcohol / ester solvents have moderate polarity parameters (solubility parameter δ≈10-12cal). 1 / 2 cm -3 / 2 The solubility parameters of this compound are similar to those of hydroxyl acrylic resin (δ≈9-11) and epoxy quaternary ammonium salt antistatic agents (polar compounds). Based on the principle of "like dissolves like," the three compounds can achieve uniform mixing at the molecular level, avoiding the phase separation problem commonly found in hydrocarbon systems.

[0031] The broad-spectrum cleaning mechanism utilizes alcohol / ester solvents with both polar and non-polar groups: hydroxyl and ester groups have an affinity for polar dirt (salts, fingerprints, oxides), while alkyl segments have dissolving power for non-polar dirt (lubricating oil, rust inhibitors), enabling one-stop cleaning of mixed dirt.

[0032] 3. Cross-linking film formation mechanism: During solvent evaporation, the hydroxyl groups in the hydroxyl acrylic resin and the epoxy groups in the epoxy quaternary ammonium salt undergo a ring-opening reaction under the action of a catalyst to form a chemical cross-linking network, which firmly fixes the antistatic groups (quaternary ammonium cations) in the three-dimensional network.

[0033] The reaction equation is as follows: The reaction is characterized by ring-opening of the epoxy group and its reaction with the hydroxyl group to form an ether bond and a new hydroxyl group. The quaternary ammonium salt group is fixed to the resin network through chemical bonds. The characteristic functional group changes before and after the reaction are: the epoxy group disappears (915 cm⁻¹). -1 The absorption peak weakened, and the hydroxyl group increased (3400 cm⁻¹). -1 (Enhanced absorption peak).

[0034] 4. Long-lasting antistatic mechanism: The quaternary ammonium salt groups fixed in the network quickly conduct away the static charge accumulated on the equipment surface through ionic conductivity. Because the antistatic agent is anchored by chemical bonds, it cannot be wiped away or washed away by water, thus achieving true long-lasting antistatic effect.

[0035] Compared with existing technologies, the cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent and its preparation method described in this invention have the following advantages: 1. Broad-spectrum and highly efficient cleaning performance: This invention uses modified alcohol / ester compounds as the basic cleaning solvent. Their molecular structure contains both polar and non-polar groups, exhibiting excellent dissolving ability for both polar and non-polar dirt. Experimental data shows that the cleaning agent of this invention achieves a 99.2% removal rate for lubricating oil (non-polar), a 97.8% removal rate for fingerprints (polar), and a 96.5% removal rate for salt spray deposition (polar), significantly outperforming traditional hydrocarbon solvent systems (Comparative Example 1 showed only a 72.3% removal rate for fingerprints and only a 45.6% removal rate for salt spray deposition).

[0036] 2. Excellent compatibility with antistatic agents: This invention uses a moderately polar modified alcohol / ester solvent system with solubility parameters similar to reactive antistatic agents (such as glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride). Based on the principle of "like dissolves like," molecular-level homogeneous mixing can be achieved. After storage at 50°C for 30 days, the system remains transparent and homogeneous, without precipitation or stratification, forming a uniform and transparent film. In contrast, traditional hydrocarbon systems exhibit problems such as antistatic agent precipitation, bottom sedimentation, and localized accumulation of antistatic agents in the film layer.

[0037] 3. Long-lasting and stable antistatic performance: This invention fixes the reactive antistatic agent into the three-dimensional network of the film-forming resin through chemical cross-linking. The antistatic agent cannot be wiped or washed away by water, achieving true long-lasting antistatic performance. Experimental data shows that after 100 dry wipes, the surface resistivity is still 3.2 × 10⁻⁶. 8 Ω (initially 2.5 × 10) 8 Ω), still far below 10 9 The surface resistivity meets the antistatic requirement of Ω; after 24 hours of simulated rain washing, the surface resistivity remains at 4.1 × 10⁻⁶. 8 Ω; After aging at high temperature and high humidity (85℃ / 85%RH) for 30 days, the surface resistivity is still 5.6×10 Ω. 8 Ω. In contrast, Comparative Example 2 (using a common quaternary ammonium salt antistatic agent and no cross-linking catalyst) showed a surface resistivity increase to 8.7 × 10⁻⁶ after 40 dry wiping cycles. 9 Ω, exceeding 10 9 It fails due to Ω; it also fails after being rinsed with water for 8 hours.

[0038] 4. Excellent insulation safety: The cleaning agent of this invention has high insulation performance, with a breakdown voltage of 14.5–15.8 kV / mm and a volume resistivity of 2.1 × 10⁻⁶. 12 ~3.2×10 12 Ω·cm, both are better than the national standard requirements of ≥10kV / mm and ≥1×10 11 Ω·cm, suitable for live cleaning and maintenance of power equipment, communication base stations and other scenarios.

[0039] 5. Excellent material compatibility: The cleaning agent of this invention exhibits excellent compatibility with commonly used equipment materials. After a 24-hour immersion test at 50°C: copper and aluminum sheets showed no corrosion; silicone rubber showed no swelling and retained its hydrophobicity; ABS plastic and polycarbonate showed no cracking and remained intact; epoxy resin PCBs showed no discoloration and maintained their insulation. This avoids the material swelling, cracking, or discoloration problems that may occur with traditional hydrocarbon solvents.

[0040] 6. Controllable safety and cost: This invention uses modified alcohol / ester solvents with a flash point of 42-124℃ (which can be adjusted by combination), low toxicity, and moderate cost, avoiding the high cost of hydrofluoroether solvents. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 The surface morphology of the cleaning agent film in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 The surface morphology of the cleaning agent film in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0042] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] Example 1 Formula composition (total weight 100 parts): Preparation method: Preparation method The present invention also provides a method for preparing the cleaning agent, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of resin premix Add the film-forming resin and 1 / 3 of the total amount of modified alcohol / ester-based cleaning solvent to the reaction vessel. Stir at 300-500 rpm and 40-50°C for 30-60 minutes until completely dissolved to obtain the resin premix.

[0045] Step 2: Preparation of antistatic agent dispersion The reactive antistatic agent, crosslinking catalyst, and 1 / 3 of the total amount of modified alcohol / ester base cleaning solvent are mixed and stirred at 200–400 rpm at room temperature for 15–30 minutes to obtain an antistatic agent dispersion. (Note: Due to the moderate polarity of the modified alcohol / ester solvent, the antistatic agent dissolves rapidly without heating.) Step 3: Mixing of additives Mix the penetrating agent, dispersing stabilizer, leveling agent and the remaining 1 / 3 of the total amount of modified alcohol / ester base cleaning solvent, and stir at 200-300 rpm for 10-20 minutes at room temperature to obtain the additive mixture.

[0046] Step 4: Final mixing and maturation Under stirring conditions (300–500 rpm), the antistatic agent dispersion from step 2 is slowly added to the resin premix from step 1, and stirred for 10–15 minutes; then the additive mixture from step 3 is added, and stirring continues for 20–30 minutes. The mixture is heated to 50–60°C and kept at this temperature with stirring for 2–4 hours to promote the pre-crosslinking reaction, yielding the final product.

[0047] Step 5: After cooling to room temperature, filter the product through a 200-mesh filter and package it into individual containers.

[0048] Performance test results: Example 2 Formula composition (total weight 100 parts): Preparation method: Prepared according to the method described in Section 3.3 of this invention.

[0049] Performance test results: Example 3 Formula composition (total weight 100 parts): Preparation method: Prepared according to the method described in Section 3.3 of this invention.

[0050] Performance test results: Example 4 Formula composition (total weight 100 parts): Preparation method: Prepared according to the method described in Section 3.3 of this invention.

[0051] Performance test results: Comparative Example 1 Formulation composition: Refer to Example 1, but replace the base cleaning solvent with 65 parts of C8-C10 hydrocarbon solvent + 5 parts of hydrofluoroether HFE-7200, and keep the rest unchanged.

[0052] Performance comparison: Comparative Example 2 Formulation composition: Same as in Example 1, but the reactive antistatic agent is replaced with the common quaternary ammonium salt antistatic agent cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CAS: 112-02-7), and no crosslinking catalyst is added.

[0053] Performance comparison: Performance verification test To fully demonstrate the technical effects of this invention, the following performance verification tests are conducted: Cleaning effect comparison test Experimental objective: To verify the broad-spectrum cleaning capability of this invention for both polar and non-polar contaminants.

[0054] Test method: Coat glass slides (5cm×5cm) of the same size with the following stains: Fingerprint smudges: Artificial sebum (prepared according to GB / T13288.2-2011) Salt spray deposition: Crystallization after spraying with 3.5% NaCl solution and drying. Lubricating oil: 32# machine oil Mixed contaminants: A mixture of transformer oil and dust (mass ratio 10:1) After the dirt was coated, it was left at room temperature for 24 hours. Then, it was sprayed evenly with the cleaning agent of Example 1 and the cleaning agent of Comparative Example 1. After standing for 10 seconds, it was wiped once in one direction with a non-woven cloth, and the cleaning effect was observed.

[0055] Scoring criteria: 5 points: Completely removed, no residue, clean surface. 4 stars: Minor marks, do not affect use. 3 points: Some residue, visible dirt. 2 points: Most of the residue 1 point: Basically not cleared Experimental results: Results Analysis: The results show that the present invention significantly outperforms the traditional hydrocarbon system (Comparative Example 1) in cleaning polar contaminants (fingerprints, salt spray), while exhibiting comparable cleaning performance against non-polar contaminants (lubricating oil). This indicates that the present invention achieves broad-spectrum cleaning capability for mixed contaminants by modifying the polarity of alcohol / ester solvents.

[0056] Long-lasting antistatic performance test Experimental objective: To verify the long-lasting antistatic properties achieved by chemical cross-linking in this invention.

[0057] Abrasion resistance test Test method: The cleaning agent of Example 1 and the cleaning agent of Comparative Example 2 were uniformly sprayed onto epoxy resin test plates (10cm×10cm). After drying at room temperature for 24 hours, they were wiped repeatedly with a dry cotton cloth under the same pressure (about 500g). The surface resistance was measured once every 10 wipes (using a high resistance meter, ASTM D257 method), and the change in surface resistance was recorded.

[0058] Experimental results: Results Analysis: After 100 wiping cycles, the surface resistivity of Example 1 of the present invention only decreased from 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 8 Ω increased to 3.2 × 10 8 Ω is still far below 10 9 The surface resistivity of Example 2 was Ω, while that of Comparative Example 2 had increased to 8.7 × 10⁻⁶ after 40 wiping cycles. 9 Ω, exceeding 10 9 Ω indicates that the antistatic function has failed. This demonstrates that the present invention achieves excellent and long-lasting abrasion resistance by fixing the antistatic agent in the network through chemical cross-linking.

[0059] Water resistance test Test method: The cleaning agent of Example 1 and the cleaning agent of Comparative Example 2 were uniformly sprayed onto the test plate and dried for 24 hours. Then, the plate was placed in a simulated rainwater flushing device (flow rate 2L / min, 45° tilt, water temperature 25°C). The surface resistance was measured every 4 hours after drying.

[0060] Experimental results: Results analysis: After 24 hours of water rinsing, the surface resistivity of Example 1 of the present invention was only 4.1 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The Ω-coated antistatic agent still maintains excellent antistatic properties; while the comparative example 2 failed after 8 hours of water rinsing. This proves that the cross-linking network of the present invention effectively prevents the antistatic agent from being washed away by water.

[0061] Film uniformity observation Experimental objective: To verify the compatibility and film-forming quality of the cleaning agent and antistatic agent of the present invention.

[0062] Observation method: The cleaning agents of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were sprayed onto the surface of a clean silicon wafer (1cm×1cm) and dried at room temperature for 24h. The surface morphology of the film was observed using an atomic force microscope (AFM) with a scanning range of 10μm×10μm, and the film thickness was measured at the same time.

[0063] The observation results are attached. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Example 1: Surface morphology of the cleaning agent film in Comparative Example 1.

[0064] Observation results: In Example 1 of this invention, the film formed is uniform and smooth with low roughness and no obvious agglomeration of antistatic agent particles; in contrast, in the hydrocarbon system of Comparative Example 1, multiple agglomerations of antistatic agent were observed, resulting in poor film uniformity. This demonstrates that the present invention has excellent compatibility with antistatic agents and achieves molecular-level uniform dispersion.

[0065] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that only dipropylene glycol is added to the basic cleaning solvent, and the mass of dipropylene glycol is 70 kg.

[0066] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that dipropylene glycol is not added to the basic cleaning solvent, and the mass of propylene glycol phenyl ether added is 30 kg.

[0067] The difference from Example 1 is that only dipropylene glycol is added to the basic cleaning solvent, and the mass of dipropylene glycol is 70 kg.

[0068] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that propylene glycol phenyl ether is not added to the basic cleaning solvent, and the mass of dipropylene glycol added is 30 kg.

[0069] Comparative Example 6 The difference from Example 1 is that only propylene glycol phenyl ether is added to the basic cleaning solvent, and the mass of propylene glycol phenyl ether is 70 kg.

[0070] Comparative Example 7 The difference from Example 1 is that propylene glycol methyl ether acetate is not added to the basic cleaning solvent, and the mass of dipropylene glycol added is 35 kg.

[0071] Comparative Example 8 The difference from Example 1 is that the basic cleaning solvent is only propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and the added mass of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate is 70 kg.

[0072] Comparative Example 9 The difference from Example 1 is that D-limonene is not added to the basic cleaning solvent, and the mass of dipropylene glycol added is 20 kg.

[0073] Comparative Example 10 The difference from Example 1 is that the basic cleaning solvent is only D-limonene, and the added mass of D-limonene is 70 kg.

[0074] Comparative Example 11 The difference from Example 1 is that hydroxyl acrylic resin is not added, and the added mass of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride is 21 kg.

[0075] Comparative Example 12 The difference from Example 1 is that glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride is not added, and the mass of hydroxyacrylic resin added is 21 kg.

[0076] Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-6 Data Tables Comparative Example 7-12 Data Table The experimental results of Comparative Examples 3-12 are analyzed as follows: As can be seen from Comparative Examples 3-10, the cleaning effect was worse than that of Example 1 when one of the components was missing from the basic cleaning solvent. This is because the basic cleaning solvent of the present invention has a broad-spectrum cleaning mechanism. The alcohol / ester solvent has both polar and non-polar groups: hydroxyl and ester groups have an affinity for polar dirt (salts, fingerprints, oxides), and alkyl segments have dissolving power for non-polar dirt (lubricating oil, rust inhibitors), thus achieving one-stop cleaning of mixed dirt.

[0077] As shown in Comparative Example 11, the surface resistivity of Comparative Example 11 increased to 1.0 × 10¹⁰ Ω after 100 wiping cycles, exceeding 10 9 The surface resistivity of Comparative Example 11 increased to 1.3 × 10¹⁰ Ω after 24 hours of water rinsing, exceeding 10 Ω, indicating a failure of the antistatic function. 9 Ω, water rinsing resistance fails. This is because Comparative Example 11 does not contain hydroxyl acrylic resin (film-forming resin), which cannot form a chemical cross-linking network with reactive antistatic agents, and cannot firmly fix the antistatic groups (quaternary ammonium cations) in the three-dimensional network. It is easily wiped or washed away by water, and cannot achieve long-term antistatic effect.

[0078] As shown in Comparative Example 12, the surface resistivity of Comparative Example 12 increased to 1.2 × 10¹⁰ Ω after 100 wiping cycles, exceeding 10 9 The surface resistivity of Comparative Example 11 increased to 1.4 × 10¹⁰ Ω after 24 hours of water rinsing, exceeding 10 Ω, indicating a failure of the antistatic function. 9 Ω, water-resistant failure. This is because Comparative Example 11 does not contain glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride, and therefore cannot form a chemical cross-linking network with the film-forming resin. It cannot firmly fix the antistatic groups (quaternary ammonium cations) in the three-dimensional network, and they are easily wiped or washed away by water, thus failing to achieve long-lasting antistatic effect.

[0079] Compared with existing hydrocarbon solvent systems, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) Excellent cleaning performance (polar / non-polar broad spectrum) (2) Enhanced compatibility with antistatic agents (3) Long-lasting antistatic properties (4) Insulation safety (5) Material compatibility (6) Safety comparison The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent, characterized in that: It consists of the following components in parts by mass: Basic cleaning solvent: 50-80 parts; 10-25 parts of film-forming resin; 3-10 parts of reactive antistatic agent; Crosslinking catalyst 0.1–0.8 parts; Penetration aid 0-5 parts; Dispersant stabilizer 0.5–3 parts; Leveling agent 0.1 to 0.5 parts.

2. The cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fractions of each component are: Modified alcohol / ester base cleaning solvent: 60-75 parts Film-forming resin: 12-20 parts Reactive antistatic agent: 4-8 parts Crosslinking catalyst: 0.2–0.5 parts Penetration aid: 1-3 parts Dispersant stabilizer: 1-2 parts; Leveling agent: 0.2–0.4 parts; The basic cleaning solvent includes one or more of alcohol ethers, alcohol esters, diols, and esters; Alcohol ethers include one or more of dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, and ethylene glycol phenyl ether; Alcohol esters include one or more of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and ethyl lactate; Diols include one of 1,3-propanediol and 1,4-butanediol; Esters include one or both of D-limonene and propylene carbonate; Preferably, the basic cleaning solvent is dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 1,4-butanediol, and D-limonene, with a mass ratio of (15-30):(15-20):(10-20):(10-15):(5-10).

3. The cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: Film-forming resins include one or more of hydroxyl acrylic resins, epoxy silicone resins, amino silicone oils, and waterborne polyurethanes; Preferably, the film-forming resin is a hydroxyl acrylic resin with a hydroxyl value of 50-80 mg KOH / g.

4. The cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reactive antistatic agents include one or more of the following: epoxy quaternary ammonium salts, amino-modified quaternary ammonium salts, reactive polyether esters, and ionic liquid derivatives; The epoxy quaternary ammonium salt is selected from one or two of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride and glycidyltriethylammonium hydroxide; Amino-modified quaternary ammonium salts include one or two of N-(3-aminopropyl)cocamide and N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; Reactive polyether esters include polyether-type antistatic agents containing hydroxyl or carboxyl groups; Ionic liquid derivatives include vinyl-containing imidazolium salts; Preferably, the reactive antistatic agent is glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride.

5. The cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: Crosslinking catalysts include one or more of organotin compounds, titanates, organobismuth compounds, and tertiary amines; Organotin compounds include one or both of dibutyltin dilaurate and stannous octoate; Titanate esters include one or both of tetraisopropyl titanate and tetrabutyl titanate; Organic bismuth compounds include bismuth neodecanoate; Tertiary amines include one or both of triethylamine and DMP-30; Preferably, the crosslinking catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, and the amount used is 0.2 to 0.5 parts.

6. The cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: Penetration aids include one or more of ethylene glycol phenyl ether, isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and polyether-modified polysiloxane; Dispersing stabilizers include one or more of the following: amine-containing high molecular weight block copolymer solutions, polyurethane-type polymeric dispersants, acrylic block copolymers, polyester-polyamine condensates, and polyester-type polymeric dispersants; Preferably, the dispersant stabilizer is a high molecular weight block copolymer dispersant containing amine groups; The leveling agent is selected from one or more of polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, polyacrylate leveling agents, and fluorocarbon surfactants; Polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane includes one or more of polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane and polyester-modified polydimethylsiloxane; The polyacrylate leveling agent includes one or more of polyacrylate solution and fluorinated modified acrylate; Preferably, the leveling agent is polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane.

7. The cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective film formed by the cleaning agent after drying on the surface of the object being cleaned has the following characteristics: Initial surface resistance < 1 × 10 9 Ω; After 100 dry wiping cycles, the surface resistivity is still <1×10⁻⁶. 9 Ω; After 24 hours of simulated rain washing, the surface resistivity is still <1×10 9 Ω; The breakdown voltage of the cleaning agent itself is >14kV / mm.

8. A method for preparing the cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Mix the film-forming resin with a portion of the basic cleaning solvent, stir and dissolve at 40-50°C to obtain a resin premix; S2: Mix the reactive antistatic agent, crosslinking catalyst and part of the basic cleaning solvent, stir at room temperature to obtain an antistatic agent dispersion; S3: Mix the dispersant stabilizer, leveling agent and remaining base cleaning solvent, stir at room temperature to obtain the additive mixture; S4: Add the antistatic agent dispersion to the resin premix and stir to mix. Then add the additive mixture and continue stirring. Then heat to 50-60℃ and stir for 2-4 hours. Cool and filter to obtain a cross-linked film-forming long-lasting antistatic insulating cleaning agent. Preferably, the stirring speed of the basic cleaning solvent added in step S1 is 300-500 rpm, the temperature is 40-50°C, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes. Preferably, in step S4, the antistatic agent dispersion from step S2 is added to the resin premix from step S1 under stirring conditions and stirred for 10-15 minutes, then the additive mixture from step S3 is added and stirred for another 20-30 minutes, followed by heating to 50-60°C and stirring for 2-4 hours.

9. The application of the cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1-7 or the cleaning agent prepared by the method according to any one of claims 8 in the cleaning and maintenance of power equipment, communication base stations, rail transit equipment, and precision electronic circuit boards, whether energized or de-energized.

10. A method for long-term antistatic treatment of equipment surface, characterized in that, The cleaning agent described in any one of claims 1-7 is sprayed onto the surface of the equipment. After the solvent evaporates, a chemically cross-linked antistatic protective film is formed on the surface.

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