Blackbody radiation source heating and cooling collaborative scheduling control method and system

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and system for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source, relating to the field of coordinated heating and cooling control technology. During the heating or isothermal operation phase of the blackbody radiation source, the method calculates a cooling effect evaluation value reflecting the changing trends of the heating-side temperature response and the cooling-side heat exchange capacity based on collected operating status data. This value is used to determine the water supply switching risk and establish a coordinated scheduling level. The coordinated scheduling level is matched with a preset coordinated scheduling rule table to generate heating and cooling scheduling instructions, which are then sent to the control module for execution. When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is critical or there is a risk of water supply switching, the heating power is derated and a switching process verification is performed. When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is below the safety level or meets the shutdown and cooling conditions, the heating power is cut off, entering a controlled cooling phase, and coordinated heating and cooling scheduling is executed. This achieves hierarchical linkage scheduling of heating power and cooling capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heating and cooling coordinated control technology, and in particular to a method and system for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source. Background Technology

[0002] A blackbody radiation source is a type of standard radiation device used for infrared thermometry and radiation calibration. It employs a blackbody cavity or exit port with a specific geometric shape to produce radiation characteristics approximating an ideal blackbody, thus providing a traceable radiation temperature reference for photoelectric pyrometers, infrared thermometers, or calibrated thermometers. For ultra-high temperature applications, an ultra-high temperature tubular cavity blackbody radiation source typically includes a tubular cavity blackbody body, an exit port assembly, a heating device, a water-cooling assembly, a thermal insulation assembly, a temperature feedback assembly, a control and power supply assembly, and an outer casing structure. The tubular cavity blackbody body is used to create a high-efficiency emissivity radiation environment with multiple reflections from the long cavity, while the exit port assembly defines the exit aperture and field of view.

[0003] The heating device uses a graphite heating tube or heating element as its core, and is equipped with a water-cooled copper electrode, an insulation layer, and extension sections at both ends to convert electrical energy into heat energy and establish a temperature field in the cavity. The water-cooled copper electrode serves as both an electrical connection end and a cooling channel to remove heat from the high heat flux area at the end and suppress overheating and thermal fatigue. The temperature feedback component consists of a photoelectric pyrometer and a calibrated thermometer, which outputs a temperature signal to the control module. The heating control unit in the control module adjusts the output of the heating device according to the temperature deviation to achieve heating and constant temperature.

[0004] The tap water source flows through the tap water inlet pipe and is supplied sequentially through the pressure sensor, flow sensor, and valve. The water tower monitors the water level and supplies water through the outlet pipe, pressure sensor, and valve. The backup water source supplies water through the valve. The three water sources converge into the switching control unit and enter the water-cooled copper electrode cooling channel to absorb heat and form return water. The return water enters the cooling tower and exchanges heat with the air under the action of the fan to cool down before flowing back, forming a circulating cooling loop.

[0005] To achieve coordinated scheduling of heating and cooling, existing technologies typically include a cooling control unit in the control module. During the heating or constant temperature phase, the cooling control unit continuously monitors the pressure, flow rate, and liquid level. If necessary, it drives the switching control unit to activate the valves to switch the water source and maintain cooling capacity. When insufficient cooling capacity is detected, or when it is necessary to switch from the heating phase to the cooling phase, the cooling control unit sends a derating or shut-off command to the heating control unit. At the same time, it increases the heat dissipation capacity of the cooling tower and the fan, so that the reduction in heating power and the water cooling heat transfer occur simultaneously, thereby achieving controlled cooling and structural protection.

[0006] However, the decision-making of existing control modules lacks modeling and prediction of thermal inertia and coupling relationships: usually, the heating power is adjusted in a closed loop based only on the single-point temperature error, without compensating for the effects of pressure, flow rate, liquid level changes and the heat carrying capacity of the cooling channel. This makes it impossible to reflect the heating power planning in advance when the cooling capacity is slowly decaying or experiencing transient fluctuations, which can easily lead to overshoot, isothermal swing, and sudden changes in the axial or radial temperature gradient of the cavity, thereby causing short-term drift and decreased stability of radiation output.

[0007] Secondly, the transitions in heat dissipation boundary conditions caused by discrete events such as water source switching, valve linkage, and fan start-up and shutdown are not subject to time-series planning and gradual control. Sudden drops in flow, pressure fluctuations, or step changes in the heat exchange capacity of the cooling tower at the moment of switching will trigger sudden temperature rises in the end water-cooled copper electrodes, forcing the cavity temperature field to redistribute and prolonging the stabilization time. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve coordinated pre-control of heating and cooling before the disturbance occurs. It can only passively derate or force cooling after the deviation occurs, thereby amplifying temperature field fluctuations. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source. The technical solution is as follows:

[0009] On the one hand, a method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source is provided, the method comprising:

[0010] During the heating or isothermal operation phase of the blackbody radiation source, temperature measurement signals are collected from the corresponding blackbody cavity, and pressure, flow rate, and liquid level signals of the cooling circuit are collected simultaneously to form operating status data.

[0011] Based on the operational status data, a cooling effect assessment value is calculated to characterize the changing trends of the temperature response on the heating side and the heat exchange capacity on the cooling side. Based on this, the risk of water supply switching is determined to identify the corresponding coordinated scheduling level. The coordinated scheduling level indicates the linkage level between heating scheduling and cooling scheduling.

[0012] The coordinated scheduling level is matched with the preset coordinated scheduling rule table to obtain heating scheduling instructions and cooling scheduling instructions, which are then sent to the preset control module for execution. The control module includes a heating control unit for adjusting the heating power to achieve temperature rise and constant temperature control, and a cooling control unit for adjusting the cooling capacity and executing water supply switching control and cooling process control. The heating scheduling instruction includes at least the target heating power, the heating power adjustment amount and its adjustment slope; the cooling scheduling instruction includes at least the cooling capacity adjustment amount and the water supply switching control strategy.

[0013] When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is at a critical state or there is a risk of water supply switching, the heating power is reduced according to the adjustment slope, and the switching process is checked.

[0014] When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is lower than the preset safety level or the shutdown cooling conditions are met, the heating power is cut off and the controlled cooling stage is entered, and the coordinated scheduling of heating and cooling is executed.

[0015] On the other hand, a coordinated scheduling and control system for heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source is provided, the system comprising:

[0016] The temperature data acquisition module is used to acquire temperature measurement signals within the corresponding blackbody cavity during the heating or constant-temperature operation phase of the blackbody radiation source, and simultaneously acquire pressure, flow, and liquid level signals of the cooling circuit to form operating status data.

[0017] The heating and cooling status classification module is used to calculate the cooling effect evaluation value based on the operating status data, which characterizes the temperature response on the heating side and the heat exchange capacity change trend on the cooling side. Based on this, the water supply switching risk is determined to determine the corresponding coordinated scheduling level. The coordinated scheduling level indicates the linkage level between heating scheduling and cooling scheduling.

[0018] The rule matching and distribution module is used to match the collaborative scheduling level with the preset collaborative scheduling rule table to obtain heating scheduling instructions and cooling scheduling instructions, and then distribute them to the preset control modules for execution.

[0019] When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is in a critical state or there is a risk of water supply switching, the derating verification module is entered. The derating verification module is used to reduce the heating power according to the adjustment slope and to verify the switching process.

[0020] When the cooling capacity indicated by the coordinated scheduling level is lower than the preset safety level or the shutdown cooling conditions are met, the controlled cooling scheduling module is entered. The controlled cooling scheduling module is used to cut off the heating power and enter the controlled cooling stage, and to perform coordinated scheduling of heating scheduling and cooling scheduling.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0022] 1. This invention acquires the temperature of the blackbody cavity and the status information such as pressure, flow rate, and liquid level of the cooling circuit simultaneously during the heating or constant-temperature operation of the blackbody radiation source, constructing unified operating status data. Based on this, a cooling effect evaluation result reflecting the temperature response and heat exchange capacity change trend is generated. The scheduling level is determined by combining the water supply switching risk. Subsequently, heating and cooling scheduling instructions are output from a preset rule table according to the scheduling level, driving the heating control unit and cooling control unit to execute in linkage. When the cooling capacity reaches the critical point or the switching risk increases, the heating power is gradually reduced according to the set adjustment slope, so that the heat input changes from abrupt change to a controllable gradual change. During the gradual reduction, the switching process is checked. Switching is only executed when the pressure and flow rate meet the switching allowable and stable range. This transforms the transitional impact of discrete events such as water source switching and valve linkage on the heat dissipation boundary conditions into a planarable transition process. When the cooling capacity is lower than the safety level or the shutdown cooling condition is triggered, the heating power is cut off and controlled cooling is initiated. The coordinated scheduling of heating and cooling is continuously executed to ensure that the cooling process is controllable. This enables advance constraint and linkage adjustment of the cooling side state on the heating side power planning, avoiding the lag response caused by relying solely on a single-point temperature closed loop. It allows the slow decay or transient fluctuations in cooling capacity to be reflected in the power adjustment in a timely manner, reducing the probability of overshoot, isothermal oscillation and temperature gradient abrupt changes, and suppressing short-term drift in radiation output. At the same time, through pre-switching slow-down and switching verification, it reduces the sudden temperature rise and temperature field redistribution caused by sudden flow drop and pressure fluctuation at the moment of switching, shortens the steady-state recovery time, and improves calibration repeatability and operational safety.

[0023] 2. During the heating phase, calculate the heating tracking error and / or temperature rise rate; during the isothermal phase, calculate the isothermal deviation and / or isothermal fluctuation. Simultaneously collect upstream pressure measurements from the switching control unit, flow rate measurements from the tap water inlet pipe, and water tower level measurements. Align and normalize the temperature data with the pressure, flow, and level data within the same sampling period or time window to form operational status data. Extract heating-side and cooling-side state variables from the operational status data. Further dimensionless processing of the cooling-side state variables yields a cooling capacity characterization value. Simultaneously, the heating-side state variables form a temperature response characterization value. Constraint correction or reverse verification of the temperature response characterization value using the cooling capacity characterization value yields a coupling deviation. Combine the magnitude and trend of the coupling deviation to generate a cooling effect evaluation value. Through the above processing, the degree of matching between heating response and cooling capacity can be quantitatively characterized, so that slow decay of cooling capacity, transient fluctuations or abnormal disturbances can be reflected in the evaluation value in advance, improving the sensitivity and discriminability of temperature field drift risk, and helping to suppress overheating, isothermal swing and temperature gradient abrupt change.

[0024] 3. Obtain the current heating power and, in conjunction with the heating power adjustment amount and slope in the heating scheduling command, determine the power change step size per unit time. Discretize the change process from the current heating power to the target derating power to generate a corresponding power derating curve. Adjust the power output of the heating control unit according to the preset derating path and adjustment slope to smoothly reduce the heating power to the target derating power. During the derating process, simultaneously read the pressure and flow measurement values ​​for pre-switching judgment. If the pressure or flow measurement value does not meet the switching allowable conditions, maintain the derating state and extend the derating time until the allowable conditions are met. If both the pressure and flow measurement values ​​meet the switching allowable conditions, output a switching allowable signal to enter the water supply switching execution stage. After switching, perform stability checks on the pressure and flow: when the pressure and flow after switching are both within the preset stable range, output a switching check pass signal and maintain the target derating power operation; otherwise, output a switching check failure signal and trigger a switching retry. After entering the controlled cooling phase, the heating power is kept off while continuously monitoring the pressure, flow rate, and liquid level. When the pressure or flow rate falls below a preset safety threshold and / or the liquid level falls below a preset lower limit, a cooling protection process is triggered to ensure cooling continuity. When the blackbody cavity temperature is not higher than a preset safety temperature threshold and the pressure, flow rate, and liquid level meet preset safety conditions, the controlled cooling ends and the system enters standby mode. Through the linkage constraint of power reduction and switching verification, the impact of water supply switching transients on the heat dissipation boundary can be reduced, suppressing temperature field disturbances and radiation drift. Through controlled cooling and safety criterion triggering, the timeliness of protection and operational reliability under abnormal operating conditions can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A flowchart of a blackbody radiation source heating and cooling coordinated scheduling and control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a blackbody radiation source heating and cooling coordinated scheduling control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A block diagram illustrating the principle of the heating power reduction control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the determination of the cooling effect evaluation value range provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the heating-cooling coupling relationship and evaluation input quantities provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 The power descent curve is provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] In embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one.

[0034] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] To meet the continuous high heat flux density heat dissipation requirements of blackbody radiation sources during the heating and stabilization phases under ultra-high temperature conditions, and to reduce the impact of cooling disturbances on the temperature field and radiation output, the following description of the device composition and operation process is provided:

[0036] An ultra-high temperature tubular cavity blackbody radiation source typically consists of a cabinet, a tubular cavity blackbody assembly, a heating circuit, a temperature control and measurement assembly, a cooling water circuit, a protective gas purging circuit, and a cooling fan. The tubular cavity blackbody assembly includes a graphite radiation tube or graphite cavity and a radiation port, with a typical radiation port diameter of 25 mm and an operating temperature range covering approximately 700°C to 3000°C. The heating circuit includes a power regulator, contactor, transformer, and electrical connectors, used to provide controlled electrical power to the graphite heating element to achieve heating and temperature control. The temperature control and measurement assembly includes a temperature controller and a radiation temperature sensor, used to collect measured values ​​and compare them with set values ​​to output power control quantities to form a closed-loop temperature control. The cooling water circuit includes inlet and outlet pipes and valves, used for water-cooled heat exchange at the electrode ends and high-heat parts. The protective gas purging circuit includes high-purity argon, a pressure reducing valve, a gas path switching switch, and a flow meter, used to create an inert protective atmosphere and purge the radiation port.

[0037] The typical operating procedure is as follows: Before starting the machine, let the equipment stand at room temperature for about 2 hours and complete the grounding and power connection. Connect the cooling water inlet to a clean water source and ensure that the water outlet is unobstructed. Connect the argon gas and adjust the pressure reducing valve to about 0.12MPa. When starting, turn on the main power to complete the controller self-test. First, turn on the argon gas and switch to the bypass with a high flow rate to purge the radiation port for a period of time. Then switch back and adjust the flow rate to about 5L / min. Next, turn on the cooling water and confirm that the water outlet is normal. Then, set the target temperature and turn on the heating switch to start heating. After the temperature stabilizes, perform infrared calibration. When stopping the machine, lower the set temperature to 0 and disconnect the heating circuit to allow the temperature to drop naturally. After the measured temperature drops to about 580℃, turn off the argon gas and cooling water in sequence and disconnect the power.

[0038] Because such equipment is highly sensitive to the continuity of cooling water and heat exchange capacity during high-power heating and stabilization, fluctuations in water pressure, decreases in flow rate, insufficient water level in the water tower, or transient switching can all cause sudden changes in end temperature rise and temperature field disturbances, which in turn can lead to radiation output drift.

[0039] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide, as follows Figure 1 The flowchart shown is a method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source. The processing flow of this method may include the following steps:

[0040] Step 1:

[0041] During the heating phase, the control module invokes the temperature feedback component to periodically sample the blackbody cavity, acquiring a heating measurement signal characterizing the temperature inside the cavity. The temperature feedback component typically includes a photoelectric pyrometer and a calibration thermometer. The photoelectric pyrometer performs non-contact temperature measurement in the direction of the heating device's radiation port and outputs the temperature value. The calibration thermometer provides a comparison temperature or calibration reference. The control module samples the temperature output and generates a timestamped temperature sampling sequence. Taking a sampling period of 1 second as an example, the control module acquires the measured temperature of the cavity at each sampling moment and reads the target temperature corresponding to that sampling moment from the preset heating target trajectory. The difference between the measured temperature and the target temperature is calculated to obtain the heating tracking error. Simultaneously, the ratio of the measured temperature change at adjacent sampling moments to the sampling time interval is processed and recorded as the temperature rise rate.

[0042] The preset heating target trajectory is a temperature-time target curve that is pre-generated and stored by the control module based on the heating task parameters before the heating begins. It is used to give the target temperature point that should be reached at each sampling moment during the heating process. The generation method is as follows: After receiving the heating command, the control module reads and determines the heating task parameters. The heating task parameters include at least the initial temperature, the target final temperature, the maximum allowable heating rate, and optional segmented temperature zones and holding time. The control module takes the current time as the heating start time and performs time discretization with a preset sampling period as the step size. For each discrete time point, the corresponding target temperature value is accumulated and calculated according to the maximum allowable heating rate until the target final temperature is reached. When there are segmented temperature zones or holding platforms set in the heating task parameters, the control module limits the rate of increase of the target temperature value in the corresponding temperature zone or keeps the target temperature value constant and continues to hold for the preset holding time. After the holding time ends, the next heating rate is used to generate subsequent target temperature values. The target temperature values ​​corresponding to each discrete time point are written into the trajectory table in chronological order and stored. The trajectory table constitutes the preset heating target trajectory. During the heating operation phase, the control module indexes the trajectory table according to the sampling time to obtain the target temperature point.

[0043] During the isothermal operation phase, the control module continues to acquire isothermal measurement signals characterizing the temperature inside the blackbody cavity at the same sampling period, and performs statistical processing on the temperature sequence within a preset time window to obtain the isothermal deviation and isothermal fluctuation. Taking a time window length of 30 seconds as an example, the control module summarizes the temperature sampling sequence and calculates the temperature mean within this time window. The difference between the temperature mean and the target isothermal setpoint is then calculated to obtain the isothermal deviation. Simultaneously, within the same time window, the fluctuation amplitude of the temperature sequence is statistically analyzed to obtain the isothermal fluctuation, which is used to characterize the temperature stability during the isothermal phase.

[0044] Simultaneously, the control module synchronously acquires pressure, flow rate, and liquid level signals from the cooling circuit to form the cooling-side status data source. The pressure signal is output from a pressure sensor located upstream of the water supply switching unit, reflecting the water supply pressure before entering the unit; the flow rate signal is output from a flow sensor located on the tap water inlet pipe, reflecting the instantaneous flow rate of the tap water branch; and the liquid level signal is output from a liquid level sensor located on the water tower, reflecting the current liquid level or remaining water volume. The pressure, flow rate, and liquid level measurements are synchronously read and recorded by the control module at the same sampling time, with a timestamp added. For example, at the same sampling time, when the control module acquires the cavity temperature, it simultaneously reads the pressure, flow rate, and liquid level to form a synchronous data frame at the same moment. Similarly, within the same time window, when a 30-second time window is used to calculate the temperature deviation and fluctuation during the constant temperature phase, the control module synchronously summarizes the pressure, flow rate, and liquid level measurement sequences within the same time window, aligning the cooling-side statistics with the temperature-side statistics.

[0045] The acquired data is timestamped and normalized within the same sampling period or time window to obtain operational status data characterizing the coupling relationship between heating and cooling states. Specifically, the control module aligns temperature sampling points with pressure, flow, and level sampling points at the same sampling time or within the same time window according to timestamp alignment rules to form a data frame. Subsequently, temperature-related quantities are mapped to a unified dimensionless interval according to their respective preset ranges with pressure, flow, and level-related quantities. Finally, the temperature tracking error and temperature change rate during the heating phase, or the isothermal deviation and isothermal fluctuation during the isothermal phase, are combined, encapsulated, and output with pressure, flow, and level measurements for subsequent cooling effect evaluation and collaborative scheduling level determination. This ensures that temperature response corresponds to cooling capacity in time, facilitating the reflection of the coupling effect of cooling-side changes on heating-side temperature response.

[0046] Step Two:

[0047] Within the same sampling period or time window, the control module extracts heating-side and cooling-side state variables from the operating status data. For the heating-side state variables, during the heating-up operation phase, one or more of the heating-up tracking error and temperature rise rate are selected; during the isothermal operation phase, one or more of the isothermal deviation and isothermal fluctuation are selected. For the cooling-side state variables, pressure measurement, flow rate measurement, liquid level measurement, and their rate of change are selected. Subsequently, the pressure, flow rate, liquid level, and their rate of change are dimensionlessly processed according to preset operating ranges. For example, pressure is mapped from 0 to 1 MPa to the 0 to 1 range, flow rate from 0 to 20 L / min to the 0 to 1 range, liquid level from 0 to 100% to the 0 to 1 range, and rate of change is mapped to the 0 to 1 range according to the corresponding rate of change range. The dimensionlessly processed results are then combined according to preset weights to obtain the cooling capacity characterization quantity. For example, when the pressure is 0.6 MPa, the flow rate is 10 L / min, and the liquid level is 60%, the corresponding dimensionless values ​​are 0.6, 0.5, and 0.6, respectively. These are multiplied by preset weighting coefficients and summed to obtain the cooling capacity characterization value. The preset weighting coefficients reflect the degree of influence of each parameter on the cooling heat exchange capacity and water supply continuity, and can be set based on historical data and safety margins during factory calibration or on-site commissioning. Taking a pressure of 0.6, a flow rate of 0.5, and a liquid level of 0.6 as an example, the weighted summation of these three values ​​yields a single value as the cooling capacity characterization value.

[0048] Simultaneously, during the heating phase, the heating tracking error and the rate of temperature change can be synthesized according to a preset ratio. During the isothermal phase, the isothermal deviation and the isothermal fluctuation can be synthesized according to a preset ratio, so that the temperature response characterization quantity simultaneously reflects the tracking deviation and the rate of change, or reflects the steady-state deviation and the fluctuation level. For example, if the temperature is set to 1200℃ during the isothermal phase, and the average temperature within a 30-second time window is 1198℃, then the isothermal deviation is 2℃; if the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​within the same time window is 6℃, then the isothermal fluctuation is 6℃. The isothermal deviation of 2℃ and the isothermal fluctuation of 6℃ are first divided by the corresponding upper limit of allowable deviation and upper limit of allowable fluctuation, respectively, to obtain the normalized deviation term and the normalized fluctuation term. Then, the normalized deviation term and the normalized fluctuation term are summed or the maximum value is taken to obtain a single temperature response characterization quantity, which is used to characterize the degree of steady-state deviation and the level of temperature stability within that time window.

[0049] After obtaining the cooling capacity and temperature response characterization quantities, the coupling deviation is calculated based on a preset mapping table. The coupling deviation is used to characterize the degree to which the temperature response exceeds the current cooling capacity constraint. Specifically, the control module uses the cooling capacity characterization quantity as an index to retrieve the corresponding upper limit of allowable isothermal fluctuation and upper limit of allowable isothermal deviation from the preset mapping table, and compares the actual obtained isothermal fluctuation and isothermal deviation quantities with their corresponding upper limits. When any actual value exceeds the corresponding upper limit, the control module calculates the excess amount of the actual value relative to the upper limit; if it does not exceed the upper limit, the excess amount is recorded as 0. Subsequently, the fluctuation excess amount and the deviation excess amount are combined according to a preset synthesis rule to obtain a single coupling deviation. Taking a cooling capacity characterization quantity of 0.6 as an example, the mapping table gives an upper limit of allowable isothermal fluctuation of 8℃ and an upper limit of allowable isothermal deviation of 3℃. If the isothermal fluctuation amount is 12℃, the fluctuation excess amount is 4℃; if the isothermal deviation amount is 5℃, the deviation excess amount is 2℃. The control module sums the two or takes the maximum value as the coupling deviation amount.

[0050] Furthermore, to reflect the dynamic impact of changes in cooling capacity on the allowable upper limit, incremental verification can be performed within adjacent time windows: within two adjacent 30-second time windows, the allowable fluctuation upper limits corresponding to the two windows are first retrieved, then the change in the allowable upper limit is calculated, and the change in the actual isothermal fluctuation is compared with the change in the allowable upper limit; when the actual change exceeds the allowable change, the excess is included in the coupling deviation. Taking a decrease in the cooling capacity characterization value from 0.6 to 0.5 as an example, the allowable fluctuation upper limit changes from 8℃ to 10℃, with an allowable change of 2℃. If the actual fluctuation changes from 6℃ to 18℃, with an actual change of 12℃, then the excess is 10℃ and is used as the coupling deviation; if the actual fluctuation changes from 6℃ to 9℃, with an actual change of 3℃, then the excess is 1℃ and is used as the coupling deviation, thus obtaining a smaller deviation judgment result.

[0051] After obtaining the coupling deviation, the control module maps the coupling deviation to a cooling effect evaluation value. The cooling effect evaluation value is used to quantify whether the heating temperature response is within an acceptable range under the current cooling capacity. Specifically, a mapping rule or segmented interval between the coupling deviation and the evaluation value is preset. For example, the evaluation value is set to 100 points when the coupling deviation is 0; the evaluation value is kept in the range of 70 to 100 points when the coupling deviation is not greater than a preset first deviation threshold; the evaluation value is mapped to the range of 40 to 70 points when the coupling deviation is between the first and second deviation thresholds; and the evaluation value is mapped to the range of 0 to 40 points when the coupling deviation is not less than the second deviation threshold. Within multiple consecutive sampling periods or multiple adjacent time windows, the control module performs cumulative statistics or takes the maximum value statistics on the coupling deviation to form an evaluation input that reflects both short-term sudden changes and continuous over-limit situations, and outputs the corresponding cooling effect evaluation value accordingly.

[0052] Step 3:

[0053] The pressure, flow, and level measurements, along with their rates of change, are normalized according to preset risk mapping rules and then mapped to intervals to obtain the water supply switching risk value. These preset risk mapping rules are set during factory calibration or on-site commissioning and are based on historical operating data and safety threshold requirements of the cooling circuit under three operating conditions: normal water supply, critical water supply, and unavailable water supply. Normalization involves mapping pressure, flow, level, and their rates of change to a preset range of 0 to 1. For example, pressure is normalized to the lower and upper limits of its allowable operating range; flow is normalized to the minimum cooling demand flow rate to the rated flow rate; level is normalized to the minimum usable level to the full level of the water tower; and the rate of change is normalized to the allowable fluctuation range, allowing different physical quantities to be compared on a unified scale.

[0054] Interval mapping refers to converting normalized quantities into risk level scores according to preset segmented intervals. For example, normalized results in the range of 0.8–1.0 are mapped to low-risk sub-values, those in the range of 0.5–0.8 to medium-risk sub-values, and those in the range of 0–0.5 to high-risk sub-values. For the rate of change, the larger the rate of change, the higher the risk sub-value. The water supply switching risk value can be obtained by using the maximum value among the above sub-values ​​or by following a preset synthesis rule, and is used to characterize the current water supply continuity and the probability of switching triggering.

[0055] When the cooling effect assessment value is within the preset first assessment range and the water supply switching risk value is lower than the first risk threshold, the coordinated scheduling level is determined to be the first linkage level to maintain the current heating power adjustment strategy and cooling capacity configuration strategy. The control module maintains heating or constant temperature according to the predetermined temperature control closed loop, and the cooling side maintains the current cooling capacity setting. When the cooling effect assessment value is between the preset first assessment range and the preset second assessment range, and the water supply switching risk value is between the first risk threshold and the second risk threshold, the coordinated scheduling level is determined to be the second linkage level to trigger the heating power to gradually decrease and execute the coordinated scheduling process. In addition to the above situations, the coordinated scheduling level is determined to be the default linkage level to execute the preset conservative scheduling process. The conservative scheduling process may include limiting the upper limit of heating power, increasing the sampling and assessment frequency, and entering the derating or cooling preparation state in advance.

[0056] The aforementioned first and second assessment intervals, as well as the first and second risk thresholds, are typically set during factory calibration or on-site commissioning. Under conditions of sufficient cooling circuit water supply and pressure and flow rate meeting rated requirements, the blackbody is operated at a typical heating range and a target constant temperature point. The stable distribution range of the cooling effect assessment values ​​is statistically analyzed, and the score interval covering most normal samples is set as the first assessment interval. Then, a controllable cooling capacity reduction condition is artificially introduced, such as gradually reducing the flow rate or water supply pressure, and the corresponding decrease in assessment values ​​corresponding to temperature field disturbances is recorded. The score interval showing significant temperature field deviation or requiring protective intervention is set as the second assessment interval. The first and second risk thresholds are obtained by dividing historical data on pressure, flow rate, liquid level, and their rate of change under normal water supply, critical water supply, and switching trigger conditions into intervals. The first risk threshold is used to distinguish between low-risk and warning states, while the second risk threshold corresponds to high-risk states approaching switching or requiring protection. Specific adjustments can be made based on the on-site water source fluctuation characteristics.

[0057] The process of triggering a gradual reduction in heating power and executing the corresponding coordinated scheduling includes: reducing the current heating power according to a preset adjustment slope, so that the heating power decreases to the target heating power within a preset reduction period. The preset adjustment slope is a limiting parameter for power changes over time, used to change power regulation from abrupt changes to continuous gradual changes, avoiding sudden changes in the cavity temperature field caused by sudden drops or increases in heating power. This adjustment slope is determined at the factory or during on-site commissioning based on the equipment's thermal inertia, allowable temperature change rate, and thermal shock constraints of high-heat areas. It can be set to a fixed value or set in segments according to temperature zones or scheduling levels. The preset reduction period is determined by the difference between the current power and the target power, as well as the adjustment slope, making the power derating process predictable and reproducible. The target heating power is determined by a preset power mapping table based on the cooling effect assessment value and the water supply switching risk value.

[0058] A preset power mapping table refers to a lookup table of power parameters pre-established and stored by the control module. It is used to provide the corresponding target heating power and related adjustment parameters under different combinations of cooling effect evaluation value ranges and water supply switching risk value ranges. This mapping table can be generated during factory calibration or on-site commissioning. Its entries are typically indexed by segmented ranges of cooling effect evaluation values ​​and water supply switching risk values, respectively configuring the corresponding target heating power, power derating ratio, or power adjustment amount. Applicable adjustment slopes and upper limits for derating duration can also be configured simultaneously, enabling the control module to quickly retrieve the target heating power based on the current evaluation results during operation.

[0059] During the heating power derating period, the control module monitors the rate of temperature rise or constant temperature fluctuation and the risk value of water supply switching in real time. The monitoring cycle can be the same as or shorter than the sampling cycle. When the rate of temperature rise or constant temperature fluctuation exceeds the corresponding preset limit, the heating power derating is increased. The corresponding preset limit is set during the commissioning phase based on the allowable heating rate, allowable temperature fluctuation range, and calibration stability requirements. The derating can be increased by increasing the target power derating ratio, increasing the upper limit of the adjustment slope, or extending the slow derating time, so as to reduce heat input more quickly and suppress temperature field disturbances. When the water supply switching risk value falls below the first risk threshold or the cooling effect assessment value rises to the first assessment range, the heating power derating is stopped and the target heating power is maintained to enter constant temperature holding, so as to avoid excessive derating leading to insufficient constant temperature capacity or decreased heating efficiency; when the water supply switching risk value rises to the second risk threshold or the cooling effect assessment value falls to the second assessment range, the shutdown and cooling process is initiated. The shutdown and cooling process includes cutting off the heating power, increasing the cooling capacity and maintaining the cooling side safety interlock until the temperature drops to the preset safe temperature threshold and the pressure, flow rate and liquid level meet the safety conditions, and then it enters standby.

[0060] Through the above settings and processes, cooling-side risks and temperature responses are uniformly mapped to the collaborative scheduling level. By using power descent and graded switching strategies, discrete disturbances such as water supply switching are transformed into controllable transition processes, thereby reducing temperature field redistribution and radiation output drift caused by switching transients, improving constant temperature stability and calibration repeatability, and enabling rapid shutdown and cooling protection under high-risk conditions to ensure equipment safety.

[0061] Step Four:

[0062] The determined collaborative scheduling level is matched with the preset collaborative scheduling rule table to obtain heating and cooling scheduling instructions, which are then sent to the preset control module for execution. The control module includes at least a heating control unit and a cooling control unit. The heating control unit adjusts the power output of the heating device to achieve heating and constant temperature control, while the cooling control unit adjusts the cooling capacity and executes water supply switching control and cooling process control. The preset collaborative scheduling rule table is stored in the control module's storage unit. The table is indexed by the collaborative scheduling level or a combination of the collaborative scheduling level and risk / evaluation intervals. Each rule entry includes at least the target heating power, heating power adjustment amount, heating power adjustment slope, cooling capacity adjustment amount, and water supply switching control strategy. After determining the collaborative scheduling level, the control module calls the rule table retrieval program to read the corresponding entries, generates heating and cooling scheduling instructions, and sends them to the heating and cooling control units respectively. This ensures that heating and cooling actions are executed synchronously at the same scheduling level, thereby achieving coordinated heating and cooling scheduling.

[0063] When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is at a critical state or there is a risk of water supply switching, the linkage process of heating power reduction and water supply switching verification in Scenario 1 is executed. The heating power is reduced according to the adjustment slope, and the switching process is verified. The execution process of Scenario 1 is as follows:

[0064] First, the heating control unit obtains the current heating power. This power can be directly obtained from the power setpoint output by the heating control unit to the power regulator, or it can be obtained from the actual power feedback value calculated using voltage and current feedback. Simultaneously, the heating power adjustment amount and adjustment slope are read from the heating scheduling command, and the target derating power is determined accordingly. The target derating power can be directly given by a rule table entry, or it can be calculated from the current heating power combined with the power adjustment amount. The adjustment slope is used to constrain the rate of change of heating power. The control module calculates the power change step size per unit time based on the adjustment slope and the sampling period, thus discretizing the change process from the current heating power to the target derating power into a continuous power setpoint sequence. For example, with a sampling period of 1 second, the power change step size per unit time is equal to the power change per second corresponding to the adjustment slope. The control module generates the power setpoint value for the next moment point by point according to this step size until the target derating power is reached. The continuous power setpoint sequence then constitutes the power derating curve. Subsequently, the heating control unit outputs the given power according to the preset derating path and adjustment slope of the power derating curve, so that the heating power decreases to the target derating power in a continuous and smooth manner, avoiding transient disturbances in the cavity temperature field caused by power abrupt changes.

[0065] The power derating curve refers to the derating path generated by the control module based on the current heating power, the target derating power, the adjustment slope given by the heating scheduling command, and the sampling period after the derating control is triggered. It provides the power setpoint corresponding to each sampling moment in a discrete manner, so that the heating control unit can gradually reduce the power output according to the adjustment slope and smoothly transition to the target derating power within the preset derating time, thereby transforming the power regulation from abrupt change to a continuous change process with a limited slope.

[0066] During the heating power reduction process, the cooling control unit simultaneously reads the pressure and flow measurement values ​​to determine whether the switching allowable conditions are met. The switching allowable conditions are preset lower pressure limits, lower flow limits, or a combination thereof, used to ensure that the water-cooled channel remains in a water supply state capable of maintaining heat exchange when the switching action occurs. If the pressure or flow measurement value does not meet the switching allowable conditions, the control module maintains the derating state of the heating power and extends the power reduction duration. Extension methods include reducing the power reduction slope, delaying the switching execution time, or maintaining the target derating power without recovery, until the pressure and flow meet the switching allowable conditions. During this process, the cooling control unit continuously monitors the pressure and flow and updates the switching allowable determination result. If both the pressure and flow measurement values ​​meet the switching allowable conditions, a switching allowable signal is output, and the water supply switching execution phase begins. During the water supply switching execution phase, the cooling control unit drives the switching device to perform the switching according to the water supply switching control strategy in the cooling scheduling command. The water supply switching control strategy may include sequential control of first establishing the target water supply path and then exiting the original water supply path, and may set short-term overlapping water supply or bypass pressure relief steps to reduce the transient impact of switching.

[0067] The switching process verification is performed simultaneously during the water supply switching execution phase: During the switching execution, the cooling control unit continuously collects the pressure and flow rate after the switch and compares them with the preset stable range. The preset stable range is jointly defined by the pressure stable range and the flow rate stable range, and a holding time condition can be added to avoid instantaneous sufficiency. If the pressure and flow rate after the water supply switch are both within the preset stable range and continue to reach the preset holding time, a switching verification pass signal is output, and the heating control unit maintains the target derating power operation. After the switch, the temperature field is restored with a lower heat input in conjunction with cooling conditions to achieve a smooth transition. If the preset stable range is not entered, a switching verification failure signal is output and a switching retry is triggered. The switching retry may include re-executing the switching strategy, switching to the backup water supply path, or returning to the original water supply path. The number of retryes and the return conditions are preset by the rule table entries or protection strategies.

[0068] When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is lower than the preset safety level or the shutdown cooling conditions are met, the shutdown cooling and controlled cooling coordinated process of Scenario 2 is executed. The heating power is cut off and the controlled cooling stage begins, executing coordinated scheduling of heating and cooling. The controlled cooling stage includes: the heating control unit cutting off or reducing the heating power to a preset safe power. The preset safe power is the minimum heat input allowed to be maintained under cooling-limited conditions, which can be set to zero or a low power to maintain the normal operation of the controller and temperature measurement system; the cooling control unit maintains or enhances the cooling capacity according to the cooling scheduling instructions, causing the blackbody cavity temperature to drop to a preset safe temperature threshold in a controlled manner. The preset safe temperature threshold is the upper limit of the temperature allowed to enter post-shutdown processing or standby, and can be set according to the equipment material tolerance and operating specifications. The protection and exit criteria for Scenario 2 are as follows:

[0069] If the pressure or flow rate measurement value is lower than a preset safety threshold and / or the liquid level measurement value is lower than a preset lower limit, a cooling protection process is triggered, while the heating power is kept off. The cooling protection process may include increasing the cooling capacity adjustment, locking the water supply switching strategy to a reliable water supply path, increasing the sampling and evaluation frequency, and triggering alarms to ensure that the cooling side maintains maximum usable heat exchange capacity under low margin conditions; the heating side remains off to avoid the risk of overheating from continued heating. If the blackbody cavity temperature is detected to be no higher than a preset safety temperature threshold, and the pressure, flow rate, and liquid level measurements meet preset safety conditions, controlled cooling ends and the system enters standby mode.

[0070] Keep the heating power set to zero or the preset safe power, and lock the temperature rise control to prevent it from increasing the power; reset the coordinated scheduling level to the default linkage level or standby level; set the water supply switching strategy to the default water supply path and maintain the necessary cooling capacity; switch the sampling and evaluation frequency to the standby monitoring frequency, and continuously read the temperature, pressure, flow rate, and liquid level at the standby monitoring frequency for monitoring.

[0071] By implementing the hierarchical execution of scenario 1 and scenario 2, the heating power adjustment, water supply switching and cooling protection are linked and controlled, thereby reducing temperature field disturbances under water supply fluctuations and switching transients, improving the stability of radiation output and the operational reliability of the ultra-high temperature tubular cavity blackbody radiation source.

[0072] This invention provides a blackbody radiation source heating and cooling coordinated scheduling and control system, such as... Figure 2 The diagram shown illustrates a structural design of a coordinated heating and cooling control system for a blackbody radiation source. This system may include:

[0073] The temperature data acquisition module is used to periodically sample the blackbody cavity temperature measurement signal output by the temperature measurement feedback component when the blackbody radiation source is in the heating or constant temperature operation stage. It is also used to synchronously acquire and align with the pressure, flow, and liquid level signals of the cooling circuit, and perform noise reduction and outlier removal when necessary. Then, it is normalized according to the preset range to form the operating status data for subsequent calculation and judgment.

[0074] The heating and cooling status classification module is used to extract heating-side and cooling-side status variables from the operating status data within the same sampling period or time window. Based on the cooling-side status variables, a cooling capacity characterization value is generated, and based on the heating-side status variables, a temperature response characterization value is generated. Through constraint correction or reverse verification, the coupling deviation value is obtained, thereby generating a cooling effect evaluation value that characterizes the changing trend of heating-side temperature response and cooling-side heat exchange capacity. At the same time, risk mapping is performed on pressure, flow rate, liquid level and their rate of change to obtain the water supply switching risk value, and the collaborative scheduling level is determined accordingly. The collaborative scheduling level is used to characterize the linkage level between heating scheduling and cooling scheduling.

[0075] The rule matching and distribution module is used to search and match the collaborative scheduling level with the preset collaborative scheduling rule table, output heating scheduling instructions containing target heating power, power adjustment amount and adjustment slope, and cooling scheduling instructions containing cooling capacity adjustment amount and water supply switching control strategy, and distribute them to the control module for execution. The control module includes a heating control unit and a cooling control unit, which respectively complete the heating power adjustment, cooling capacity adjustment and water supply switching control.

[0076] When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is in a critical state or there is a risk of water supply switching, the derating verification module is entered. The derating verification module performs power reduction according to the adjustment slope and monitors the pressure and flow during the derating process to determine the switching allowable conditions. After the water supply switching is executed, the pressure and flow are checked to see if they have entered the preset stable range and output a pass or retry instruction.

[0077] When the cooling capacity indicated by the coordinated scheduling level is lower than the preset safety level or the shutdown cooling conditions are met, the system enters the controlled cooling scheduling module. The controlled cooling scheduling module cuts off the heating power or reduces it to a safe power and maintains the cooling scheduling command, so that the cavity temperature is controlled to drop to a safe temperature threshold and then enters the standby monitoring state.

[0078] This invention constructs operational status data by synchronously acquiring and aligning temperature measurement signals with cooling status signals such as pressure, flow rate, and liquid level. Based on this data, it calculates cooling effect evaluation values ​​and water supply switching risk values, thereby determining the collaborative scheduling level and uniformly generating heating and cooling scheduling commands through a rule table. This achieves the linkage consistency of heating power adjustment, cooling capacity adjustment, and water supply switching control. Compared to a passive closed-loop approach based solely on single-point temperature errors, this solution, when the cooling capacity is critical or the switching risk increases, first performs a power reduction according to the adjustment slope and checks the switching allowance and stable range. This ensures that discrete actions such as water supply switching are completed under low heat input conditions, thereby reducing the impact of sudden temperature rises at the end and heat dissipation boundary transitions caused by switching transients on the cavity temperature field. It also reduces short-term drift in radiation output caused by overheating, isothermal swing, and sudden temperature gradient changes, achieving rapid cooling and structural protection under abnormal operating conditions. This avoids overheating damage and shutdown due to low water flow, low pressure, or low liquid level, improving the reliability and maintainability of the system in ultra-high temperature long-term operation scenarios.

[0079] It should be added that, Figure 1 The first cooling condition refers to: the coordinated dispatch level indicates that the cooling capacity is in a critical state or there is a risk of water supply switching. The second cooling condition refers to: the coordinated dispatch level indicates that the cooling capacity is lower than the preset safety level or meets the shutdown and cooling conditions. The first judgment condition refers to: the pressure measurement value or flow measurement value does not meet the switching allowable condition. The second judgment condition refers to: both the pressure measurement value and the flow measurement value meet the switching allowable condition. The third judgment condition refers to: the pressure measurement value or flow measurement value is lower than the preset safety threshold and / or the liquid level measurement value is lower than the preset lower limit. The fourth judgment condition refers to: the blackbody cavity temperature is not higher than the preset safety temperature threshold, and the pressure measurement value, flow measurement value, and liquid level measurement value meet the preset safety conditions.

[0080] like Figure 3The block diagram of the heating power derating control circuit shown consists of a power loop and a control feedback loop. The power loop includes an AC power input, which is output to the heating load after controlled power adjustment by a power regulation unit. This power supply provides adjustable heating power to the resistance wire or heating tube. The power regulation unit can be a thyristor or a solid-state relay to achieve phase modulation or on / off modulation of the AC input. The control feedback loop includes a controller and a feedback acquisition unit. The controller stores the power derating curve and outputs a control quantity, which serves as the input to the power regulation unit to drive the heating power to decrease smoothly along a preset derating path. The feedback acquisition unit collects the voltage, current, and temperature signals of the heating loop and sends them back to the controller. The voltage and current are used to verify and correct the actual output power, while the temperature reflects the thermal response of the heating load and provides constraints for the power adjustment process. A protection unit is also included in the diagram. This unit limits the controller output or triggers the power regulation unit to enter a protection state when over-temperature, over-current, or abnormal conditions are detected. This ensures that the heating power output is controlled, verifiable, and has safety protection capabilities during the power derating and derating switching process.

[0081] like Figure 6 The power derating curve shown depicts time on the horizontal axis and heating power on the vertical axis. The curve describes the process of the heating power smoothly decreasing from the current power at a preset adjustment slope to the target derating power, and then stabilizing after reaching the target derating power. The dashed line indicates the time points at which the derating ends and the switching verification window begins. This curve is used to specify the power setpoint at each sampling time, avoiding transient disturbances in the temperature field caused by sudden power changes.

[0082] like Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the determination of cooling effect evaluation value intervals. The horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the cooling effect evaluation value. The curve shows the change of the evaluation value output by the control module over time within a continuous evaluation period. The diagram sets two threshold lines: a first lower limit and a second lower limit for the evaluation interval. These are used to divide the evaluation value into different intervals. This allows the downward crossing of the threshold by the evaluation value to trigger collaborative scheduling strategies of varying intensities, while the upward crossing of the threshold by the evaluation value is used to exit the corresponding scheduling state and restore normal control.

[0083] like Figure 5The diagram illustrating the heating-cooling coupling relationship and evaluation inputs shows that the cooling capacity characterization curve is initially high, then declines significantly before gradually recovering, indicating that the heat transfer capacity on the cooling side first weakens and then recovers over time. Correspondingly, the expected temperature response baseline changes synchronously with the cooling capacity characterization. When the cooling capacity decreases, the expected baseline generally rises or widens, indicating a corresponding change in the allowable temperature response level under reduced cooling capacity. During the high-cooling-capacity phase, the temperature response characterization curve is generally close to the expected baseline, indicating that the heating-side temperature response matches the current cooling capacity. When the cooling capacity characterization decreases, the temperature response characterization deviates from the expected baseline, and the deviation increases, indicating that the heating-side temperature response exceeds the allowable range corresponding to the baseline. During the recovery phase of the cooling capacity characterization, the temperature response characterization gradually approaches the expected baseline, and the deviation decreases.

[0084] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0085] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of systems, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0086] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0087] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0088] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0089] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source, characterized in that, The method includes: During the heating or isothermal operation phase of the blackbody radiation source, temperature measurement signals are collected from the corresponding blackbody cavity, and pressure, flow rate and liquid level signals of the cooling circuit are collected simultaneously to form operating status data. Based on the operating status data, a cooling effect evaluation value is calculated to characterize the changing trend of the temperature response on the heating side and the heat exchange capacity on the cooling side. Based on this, the water supply switching risk is determined to determine the corresponding coordinated scheduling level. The coordinated scheduling level represents the linkage level between heating scheduling and cooling scheduling. The coordinated scheduling level is matched with the preset coordinated scheduling rule table to obtain heating scheduling instructions and cooling scheduling instructions, which are then sent to the preset control module for execution. The control module includes a heating control unit for adjusting the heating power to achieve temperature rise and constant temperature control, and a cooling control unit for adjusting the cooling capacity and performing water supply switching control and cooling process control. The heating scheduling command includes at least the target heating power, the heating power adjustment amount and its adjustment slope, and the cooling scheduling command includes at least the cooling capacity adjustment amount and the water supply switching control strategy. When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is in a critical state or there is a risk of water supply switching, the heating power is reduced according to the adjustment slope, and the switching process is checked. When the cooling capacity indicated by the coordinated scheduling level is lower than the preset safety level or meets the shutdown and cooling conditions, the heating power is cut off and the controlled cooling stage is entered, and the coordinated scheduling of heating and cooling is executed.

2. The method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of forming the operational status data includes: During the heating operation phase, a heating measurement signal characterizing the temperature inside the blackbody cavity is acquired, and the heating tracking error and / or temperature rise rate of the heating measurement signal relative to the preset heating target trajectory are acquired. Alternatively, during the isothermal operation phase, an isothermal measurement signal characterizing the temperature inside the blackbody cavity is acquired, and the isothermal deviation and / or isothermal fluctuation of the isothermal measurement signal relative to the target isothermal set value is acquired. Synchronously acquire the pressure measurement value upstream of the switching control unit, the flow measurement value of the tap water inlet pipe, and the liquid level measurement value of the water tower based on the pressure, flow and liquid level signals of the cooling circuit; The above data are aligned with timestamps under the same sampling period and normalized to obtain operating status data that characterizes the coupling relationship between heating and cooling states.

3. The method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The heating tracking error represents the difference between the measured temperature of the cavity at the same sampling moment and the target temperature corresponding to the preset heating target trajectory. The temperature rise rate represents the ratio of the difference in measured temperature of the cavity at adjacent sampling times to the sampling time interval; The constant temperature deviation represents the difference between the average measured temperature of the cavity within the preset time window and the target constant temperature setting value. The constant temperature fluctuation represents the fluctuation amplitude or standard deviation of the measured temperature of the cavity relative to the mean of the measured temperature of the cavity within a preset time window. The pressure measurement value, the flow rate measurement value, and the liquid level measurement value represent the measurement results of the cooling circuit pressure, flow rate, and liquid level after being synchronously collected and aligned within the same sampling time or the same time window.

4. The method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling effect evaluation value is obtained in the following way: Within the same sampling period or the same time window, the heating-side state quantities and cooling-side state quantities are extracted respectively. The heating-side state quantities are the temperature tracking error and / or temperature rise rate during the temperature rise operation phase, or the temperature deviation and / or temperature fluctuation during the temperature constant operation phase. The cooling-side state quantities are the pressure measurement value, flow measurement value, and liquid level measurement value and their rate of change. The cooling-side state variables are dimensionless and synthesized into cooling capacity characterization quantities according to preset weights. At the same time, the temperature response characterization quantity is calculated based on the heating-side state variables. The temperature response characterization is corrected by using the cooling capacity characterization as a constraint, or the cooling capacity characterization is reverse-checked by using the temperature response characterization, to obtain the coupling deviation. Based on the magnitude and trend of the coupling deviation, a cooling effect evaluation value is generated to characterize the heating temperature response state under the current cooling capacity conditions.

5. The method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process for determining the coordinated scheduling level is as follows: The pressure measurement value, flow measurement value, liquid level measurement value and their rate of change are normalized according to the preset risk mapping rules, and interval mapping is performed to obtain the water supply switching risk value. If the cooling effect evaluation value is within the preset first evaluation range and the water supply switching risk value is lower than the first risk threshold, then the coordinated scheduling level is determined to be the first linkage level, so as to maintain the current heating power adjustment strategy and cooling capacity configuration strategy. If the cooling effect evaluation value is between the preset first evaluation range and the preset second evaluation range, and the water supply switching risk value is between the first risk threshold and the second risk threshold, then the collaborative scheduling level is determined to be the second linkage level, so as to trigger the heating power to gradually decrease and execute the corresponding collaborative scheduling process. Except as described above, the collaborative scheduling level is set to the default linkage level to execute the preset conservative scheduling process; The preset second evaluation interval is lower than the preset first evaluation interval in terms of cooling effect level, and the second risk threshold is higher than the risk level level of the first risk threshold.

6. The method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The triggering of a gradual reduction in heating power and the execution of the corresponding coordinated scheduling process include: The current heating power is reduced according to a preset adjustment slope, so that the heating power decreases to the target heating power within a preset slow reduction time. The target heating power is determined by a preset power mapping table based on the cooling effect evaluation value and the water supply switching risk value. During the heating power derating period, monitor the temperature rise rate or constant temperature fluctuation in real time, as well as the risk value of water supply switching. When the rate of temperature change or the amount of constant temperature fluctuation exceeds the corresponding preset limit, the derating of heating power will be increased. When the risk value of water supply switching falls below the first risk threshold or the cooling effect assessment value rises to the preset first assessment range, the heating power derating is stopped and the target heating power is maintained to enter constant temperature holding. When the risk value of water supply switching rises to the second risk threshold or the cooling effect assessment value drops to the preset second assessment range, the shutdown and cooling process will be initiated.

7. The method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The derating of heating power and the verification of the switching process include: The current heating power and the heating power adjustment amount and adjustment slope in the heating scheduling instruction are obtained. The power change step size per unit time is determined according to the adjustment slope. The power change process from the current heating power to the target derating power is discretized into a continuous power setpoint sequence. The power setpoint sequence is used to form a power derating curve. According to the preset derating path and adjustment slope of the power derating curve, the power output of the heating control unit is adjusted so that the current heating power is reduced to the target derating power.

8. The method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The derating of heating power and the verification of the switching process also include: During the process of decreasing heating power, the pressure measurement value and the flow measurement value are read; If the pressure measurement value or the flow measurement value does not meet the switching allowable conditions, the heating power is maintained in a derating state and the power derating time is extended until the switching allowable conditions are met. If both the pressure measurement value and the flow measurement value meet the switching permission conditions, a switching permission signal is output and the water supply switching execution stage is entered; During the water supply switching execution phase, if the pressure and flow rate after the water supply switch are both within the preset stable range, a switching verification pass signal will be output and the target derating power operation will be maintained; otherwise, a switching verification failure signal will be output and a switching retry will be triggered.

9. The method for coordinated scheduling and control of heating and cooling of a blackbody radiation source as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The controlled cooling stage includes: the heating control unit cuts off or reduces the heating power to a preset safe power, and the cooling control unit controls the blackbody cavity temperature to be reduced to a preset safe temperature threshold. The execution of the coordinated scheduling of heating and cooling includes: If the pressure or flow rate measurement value is lower than the preset safety threshold and / or the liquid level measurement value is lower than the preset lower limit, the cooling protection process is triggered, while the heating power is kept off. If the blackbody cavity temperature is detected to be no higher than the preset safe temperature threshold, and the pressure measurement value, flow measurement value, and liquid level measurement value meet the preset safety conditions, then the controlled cooling will end and the system will enter standby mode.

10. A blackbody radiation source heating and cooling coordinated scheduling control system, employing the blackbody radiation source heating and cooling coordinated scheduling control method as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The temperature data acquisition module is used to acquire temperature measurement signals within the corresponding blackbody cavity during the heating or constant temperature operation phase of the blackbody radiation source, and simultaneously acquire pressure, flow, and liquid level signals of the cooling circuit to form operating status data. The heating and cooling status classification module is used to calculate the cooling effect evaluation value based on the operating status data, which characterizes the changing trend of the temperature response on the heating side and the heat exchange capacity on the cooling side. Based on this, the water supply switching risk is determined to determine the corresponding coordinated scheduling level. The coordinated scheduling level represents the linkage level between heating scheduling and cooling scheduling. The rule matching and distribution module is used to match the collaborative scheduling level with the preset collaborative scheduling rule table to obtain heating scheduling instructions and cooling scheduling instructions, and then distribute them to the preset control module for execution. When the coordinated scheduling level indicates that the cooling capacity is in a critical state or there is a risk of water supply switching, the derating verification module is entered. The derating verification module is used to drate the heating power according to the adjustment slope and to verify the switching process; When the cooling capacity indicated by the coordinated scheduling level is lower than the preset safety level or the shutdown cooling conditions are met, the controlled cooling scheduling module is entered. The controlled cooling scheduling module is used to cut off the heating power and enter the controlled cooling stage, and to perform the coordinated scheduling of heating and cooling.

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