Optical switch and method for optical switch

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of optical communication technology and proposes a multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver and method for optical adapters. The transceiver includes a polarization beam splitting and rotating module, a composite resonant unit, an optical adapter, and a filtering and detection unit. The composite resonant unit performs wavelength selection and signal loading on a first optical signal and a second optical signal in parallel to obtain a first modulated signal and a second modulated signal. The optical adapter performs low-loss transmission of the first and second modulated signals to obtain a first transmitted optical signal and a second transmitted optical signal. The resonant detection structure performs filtering and detection on the first and second transmitted optical signals, and performs photoelectric conversion to obtain an output electrical signal. By introducing the composite resonant unit, the three functions of wavelength selection, data loading, and status monitoring are integrated, greatly simplifying the architecture of multi-wavelength optical interconnect systems and reducing the high losses, low integration, and polarization sensitivity caused by discrete components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver and method for optical adapters. Background Technology

[0002] With the explosive growth in demand for data communication bandwidth from fields such as data centers, high-performance computing, and artificial intelligence, optical interconnect technology is gradually replacing traditional electrical interconnects, becoming a key solution for short-distance, high-density communication. Especially in chip-to-chip, chip-on-chip, and co-packaging applications based on optical adapter boards, extremely high demands are placed on the integration, power consumption, cost, and performance of optical transceiver systems. Silicon-based photonics technology, due to its compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes, is considered an ideal platform for realizing large-scale optoelectronic integration.

[0003] However, existing technologies still face numerous challenges in achieving high-density optical interconnects for optical interposers. First, standard silicon-based optical waveguides exhibit strong birefringence, making them highly sensitive to the polarization state of light. Existing technologies typically employ polarization diversity schemes, separating and processing polarization states separately before recombining the optical signals using a polarization combiner to couple them into a single fiber. However, in optical interposer or inter-chip interconnect scenarios, the optical signal does not need to be transmitted through the fiber. Using a traditional combining architecture in this case not only introduces additional insertion loss but also limits the advantage of parallel transmission using the high-density wiring of the interposer, resulting in architectural redundancy. Second, traditional multi-wavelength transmitters often employ a discrete cascaded architecture of "filter + modulator + detector," which not only occupies valuable floor space but also introduces accumulated optical losses. While the micro-ring modulator, as a core component, is compact, it is extremely sensitive to temperature. In interposer-based co-packaging applications, photonic chips are tightly integrated with logic chips such as CPUs or GPUs that generate significant heat; severe thermal crosstalk makes wavelength stability of the micro-ring a challenge. Traditional wavelength-locked schemes typically require additional beam splitters and separate detectors, which further increases losses and complexity, hindering high-density integration. Furthermore, back reflections generated by the micro-ring modulator during operation can interfere with the stability of multi-wavelength light sources.

[0004] Existing technologies for optical transmitters struggle to balance high integration and thermal stability, and suffer from low polarization processing efficiency in adapter scenarios, exhibiting issues such as polarization sensitivity, architectural redundancy, thermal instability, and back reflection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this invention proposes a multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver and method for optical adapter plates. By directly constructing an absorption and detection unit in a micro-ring waveguide structure, it possesses triple functions of filtering, modulation, and in-situ detection. This unique integrated design not only utilizes photocurrent to achieve adaptive closed-loop locking of the resonant operating point but also effectively suppresses back reflection through the absorption region. Simultaneously, by directly transmitting the polarization-separated signal using the high-density waveguide of the adapter plate, low-loss and highly robust polarization-independent transmission is successfully achieved without the need for polarization beam combining.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for use with an optical adapter plate, comprising a polarization beam splitting and rotating module, a composite resonant unit, an optical adapter plate, and a filtering and detection unit, wherein... The polarization beam splitting and rotation module is used to perform polarization rotation and beam splitting on the multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal to obtain a first orthogonal component and a second orthogonal component. The first orthogonal component and the second orthogonal component are unified into a single polarization mode suitable for silicon-based waveguide transmission through the polarization rotation mechanism to obtain a first optical signal and a second optical signal. The composite resonant unit is used to perform wavelength selection and signal loading on the first optical signal and the second optical signal in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal; The optical adapter board is used to transmit the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal with low loss through a high-density parallel waveguide to obtain the first transmission optical signal and the second transmission optical signal. The filtering and detection unit is used to filter and detect the first and second transmitted optical signals, perform photoelectric conversion, and obtain an output electrical signal. The filtering detection unit is a resonant detector or a micro-ring filter.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, without considering losses, the magnitude of the first optical signal is equal to the transverse electric mode component of the multi-wavelength random polarization input signal, and the magnitude of the second optical signal is equal to the transverse magnetic mode component of the multi-wavelength random polarization input signal.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the composite resonant unit is used to perform wavelength selection and signal loading on the first optical signal and the second optical signal in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal, including: The composite resonant unit filters out the optical carrier with a preset working wavelength from the multi-wavelength broadband of the first and second optical signals through the high Q value resonance characteristics of the micro-ring, modulates the optical carrier with a preset working wavelength with a high-speed electrical signal, locks the resonant wavelength in real time and absorbs back reflection by using the feedback current generated by the embedded detection area, improves power tolerance, and obtains the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the functional regions of the composite resonant unit include a signal modulation region, a resonant absorption region, and a thermal tuning region.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the signal modulation region is configured to load a high-speed signal, and the waveguide refractive index or absorption coefficient is changed through the carrier dispersion effect to perform high-speed modulation of the optical signal in the micro-ring resonant cavity.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the resonant absorption region includes a photoelectric conversion structure, and the resonant absorption region is used to absorb part or all of the light field energy entering the microring in the resonant state and convert it into a photocurrent signal.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the thermally adjustable region is thermally coupled with the ring waveguide to adjust the effective refractive index of the micro-ring resonant cavity and change the resonant wavelength.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the composite resonant unit includes an electrical feedback control loop. The photocurrent signal generated by the resonant absorption region is input to the electrical feedback control loop as a feedback monitoring signal. The electrical feedback control loop determines the alignment degree between the micro-ring resonant wavelength and the carrier wavelength of the multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal based on the magnitude of the photocurrent signal. Based on the determination result, a driving signal is generated and applied to the thermally tuned region to form a closed-loop negative feedback control.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver method for optical adapters, the method comprising: Acquire multi-wavelength random polarization state input signals; The multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal is input into the polarization beam splitting and rotation module to perform polarization rotation and beam splitting, resulting in a first orthogonal component and a second orthogonal component. The first orthogonal component and the second orthogonal component are unified into a single polarization mode suitable for silicon-based waveguide transmission through the polarization rotation mechanism, resulting in a first optical signal and a second optical signal. The first optical signal and the second optical signal are sent to the composite resonant unit to perform wavelength selection and signal loading in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal. The first modulation signal and the second modulation signal are sent to the optical adapter board and transmitted with low loss through a high-density parallel waveguide to obtain the first transmission optical signal and the second transmission optical signal. The first and second transmitted optical signals are sent to the filtering and detection unit for filtering and detection, photoelectric conversion, and output electrical signals.

[0015] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the step of sending the first optical signal and the second optical signal to the composite resonant unit to perform wavelength selection and signal loading in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal includes: The first optical signal and the second optical signal are sent to the composite resonant unit. The optical carrier with a preset working wavelength is filtered out from the multi-wavelength broadband of the first optical signal and the second optical signal through the high Q value resonance characteristic of the micro-ring. The optical carrier with the preset working wavelength is modulated by a high-speed electrical signal. The resonant wavelength is locked in real time by the feedback current generated by the embedded detection area and the back reflection is absorbed to improve the power tolerance, thereby obtaining the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal.

[0016] The multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapter plates provided by this invention has the following advantages over existing technologies: (1) By introducing a single composite resonant unit, the triple functions of wavelength selection, data loading and status monitoring are integrated. It can not only use the generated photocurrent to achieve adaptive closed-loop locking of the resonant operating point, but also effectively suppress signal interference and improve the high power tolerance of the device by means of the absorption region. This greatly simplifies the architecture of the multi-wavelength optical interconnect system and reduces the problems of high loss, low integration and polarization sensitivity caused by discrete devices in traditional solutions.

[0017] (2) A multiplexed resonant structure integrating filtering, modulation, and detection was designed, and a dual-path parallel transmission architecture was constructed by combining the advantages of the adapter board wiring. An absorption and detection unit was directly constructed in the micro-ring waveguide structure, giving it the triple functions of filtering, modulation, and in-situ detection. Not only was adaptive closed-loop locking of the resonant operating point achieved by utilizing photocurrent, but back reflection was also effectively suppressed by the absorption region. At the same time, the polarization-separated signal was directly transmitted using the high-density waveguide of the adapter board, and low-loss, high-robust polarization-independent transmission was successfully achieved without the need for polarization beam combining.

[0018] (3) An integrated multiplexed resonant unit with high Q-value filtering, high-speed modulation and in-situ detection functions was constructed and applied to the polarization-independent optical path of the optical adapter. The entire signal processing process was completed at the single device level, which reduced the dependence on independent optical filters, discrete polarization beam combiners and additional beam splitting monitoring links in traditional multi-wavelength transmitters, significantly improved the system integration, and effectively solved the polarization sensitivity, wavelength drift and back reflection problems mainly faced by silicon-based photonic devices in the high heat flux density environment of the adapter while reducing system complexity and insertion loss. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver with an optical adapter plate provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite resonant unit provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver method for optical adapters provided by the present invention. Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent transmitter architecture provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the implementation of the polarization-independent transmitter architecture provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is the third schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent transmitter architecture provided by this invention; Figure 7 This is the fourth schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by this invention; Figure 8 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This is the third schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by this invention; Figure 11 This is the fourth schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by this invention; Figure 12This is the fifth schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by this invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Polarization beam splitter rotation module; 2. Composite resonant unit; 3. Optical adapter plate; 4. Resonant detection structure. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "linked" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up," "down," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapters, including a polarization beam splitting and rotation module 1, a composite resonant unit 2, an optical adapter 3, and a filtering and detection unit 4. The polarization beam splitting and rotation module 1 is used to perform polarization rotation and beam splitting on multi-wavelength random polarization state input signals to obtain a first orthogonal component and a second orthogonal component. The first orthogonal component and the second orthogonal component are unified into a single polarization mode suitable for silicon-based waveguide transmission through the polarization rotation mechanism to obtain a first optical signal and a second optical signal. In some embodiments, without considering losses, the magnitude of the first optical signal is equal to the transverse electric mode component of the multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal, and the magnitude of the second optical signal is equal to the transverse magnetic mode component of the multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal.

[0024] The composite resonant unit 2 is used to perform wavelength selection and signal loading on the first optical signal and the second optical signal in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal; In some embodiments, the composite resonant unit 2 is used to perform wavelength selection and signal loading on the first optical signal and the second optical signal in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal, including: The composite resonant unit 2 filters out the optical carrier with a preset working wavelength from the multi-wavelength broadband of the first and second optical signals through the high Q value resonance characteristics of the micro-ring, performs high-speed electrical signal modulation on the optical carrier with the preset working wavelength, uses the feedback current generated by the embedded detection area to lock the resonant wavelength in real time and absorb back reflection, improves power tolerance, and obtains the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal.

[0025] In some embodiments, the functional regions of the composite resonant unit 2 include a signal modulation region, a resonant absorption region, and a thermal tuning region.

[0026] In some embodiments, the signal modulation region is configured to load a high-speed signal, thereby changing the waveguide refractive index or absorption coefficient through the carrier dispersion effect to perform high-speed modulation of the optical signal in the microring resonant cavity.

[0027] In some embodiments, the resonant absorption region includes a photoelectric conversion structure, which is used to absorb part or all of the light field energy entering the microring in the resonant state and convert it into a photocurrent signal.

[0028] In some embodiments, the thermally tuned region is thermally coupled to the ring waveguide to adjust the effective refractive index of the microring resonant cavity and change the resonant wavelength.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite resonant unit provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the composite resonant unit 2 is a composite microring structure, which is the core component for achieving polarization-independent emission and operating point locking. The composite microring structure is physically divided into at least three functional regions along the circumference of the ring waveguide: a signal modulation region MOD100, a resonant absorption region PD100, and a thermally modulated region HT100. Specifically, the signal modulation region MOD100 is configured to load a high-speed signal, which modulates the optical signal within the cavity by changing the refractive index or absorption coefficient of the waveguide through physical mechanisms such as carrier dispersion. The resonant absorption region PD100 integrates a photoelectric conversion structure, which is configured to absorb part or all of the light field energy entering the microring in the resonant state and convert it into a photocurrent signal. The thermally modulated region HT100 is thermally coupled to the ring waveguide to adjust the effective refractive index of the microring resonant cavity, thereby changing its resonant wavelength. During operation, the photocurrent generated by the resonant absorption region PD100 is extracted as a feedback monitoring signal and input to an electrical feedback control loop. The control loop determines the alignment degree between the microring resonant wavelength and the input optical carrier wavelength based on the magnitude of the photocurrent, and generates a drive signal accordingly to be applied to the thermally tuned region HT100 to form a closed-loop negative feedback control, thereby achieving automatic locking and stabilization of the microring's optimal operating point.

[0030] It should be noted that, in practical applications, the distribution position, length ratio, and specific physical implementation of the signal modulation region MOD100, the resonant absorption region PD100, and the thermal tuning region HT100 in the circumferential direction of the micro-ring can be adjusted according to design requirements. As long as they can simultaneously achieve the functions of optical signal modulation, embedded photoelectric conversion detection, and phase or temperature tuning, they should all be covered within the protection scope of this invention.

[0031] In some embodiments, the composite resonant unit 2 includes an electrical feedback control loop. The photocurrent signal generated by the resonant absorption region is input to the electrical feedback control loop as a feedback monitoring signal. The electrical feedback control loop determines the alignment degree between the micro-ring resonant wavelength and the carrier wavelength of the multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal based on the magnitude of the photocurrent signal. Based on the determination result, a driving signal is generated and applied to the thermally tuned region to form a closed-loop negative feedback control.

[0032] The optical adapter board 3 is used to transmit the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal with low loss through a high-density parallel waveguide to obtain the first transmission optical signal and the second transmission optical signal. The filtering and detection unit 4 is used to filter and detect the first and second transmitted optical signals, perform photoelectric conversion, and obtain an output electrical signal.

[0033] In some embodiments, the inherent logical connections and collaborative working mechanisms between the components are as follows: When an external multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal is coupled into the system, the polarization beam splitting and rotation module 1 first serves as the optical path entrance and polarization preprocessing stage of the system. It decomposes the randomly changing polarization state in the input signal into two orthogonal components and unifies them into a single polarization mode, such as the TE mode, suitable for silicon-based waveguide transmission through an internal polarization rotation mechanism. This results in the physical construction of dual-path parallel optical signals carrying the same spectral information but with independent paths. These two optical signals then enter the composite resonant unit 2, which serves as the core processing stage. Utilizing its internally integrated "filter-modulation-detection" micro-ring structure, it performs wavelength selection and signal loading on the dual signals in parallel. Specifically, it uses the high Q-value resonance characteristics of the micro-ring to accurately filter out the optical carrier of a specific working wavelength from the multi-wavelength broadband spectrum. While performing high-speed electrical signal modulation on it, it uses the feedback current generated by the embedded detection region to lock the resonant wavelength in real time and absorb back reflections, thereby outputting dual-path polarization-independent modulation signals. The transmission of these two modulated signals does not rely on traditional polarization combining devices, but is directly coupled to the optical adapter plate 3. High-density parallel waveguide wiring on the adapter plate transmits the two signals to the receiving end with low loss. Finally, the filter detection unit 4, as the system's terminal receiving stage, is coupled to both waveguides from the adapter plate. Utilizing its resonant download characteristics, it filters out the optical signal of a specific wavelength again and performs photoelectric conversion directly within the cavity. By superimposing the energy of the two signals, the complete original data is recovered, thus achieving polarization-independent high-speed interconnection across the entire link.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of the multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver method for optical adapters provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver method for optical adapters includes steps 310, 320, 330, 340, and 350.

[0035] Step 310: Acquire multi-wavelength random polarization state input signals; Step 320: Input the multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal into the polarization beam splitting and rotation module 1 to perform polarization rotation and beam splitting to obtain the first orthogonal component and the second orthogonal component. Through the polarization rotation mechanism, unify the first orthogonal component and the second orthogonal component into a single polarization mode suitable for silicon waveguide transmission to obtain the first optical signal and the second optical signal. Step 330: Send the first optical signal and the second optical signal to the composite resonant unit 3 to perform wavelength selection and signal loading in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal; In some embodiments, the step of sending the first optical signal and the second optical signal to the composite resonant unit 3 to perform wavelength selection and signal loading in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal includes: The first optical signal and the second optical signal are sent to the composite resonant unit 3. The optical carrier with a preset working wavelength is filtered out from the multi-wavelength broadband of the first optical signal and the second optical signal through the high Q value resonance characteristic of the micro-ring. The optical carrier with the preset working wavelength is modulated by a high-speed electrical signal. The resonant wavelength is locked in real time by the feedback current generated by the embedded detection area and the back reflection is absorbed to improve the power tolerance, thereby obtaining the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal.

[0036] In some embodiments, the composite resonant unit 3 achieves a three-in-one functional integration of "filtering-modulation-detection". It is physically divided into at least two functional regions along the circumference of the ring waveguide: a modulation region and an absorption detection region, and utilizes the inherent wavelength selectivity of the micro-ring resonant cavity to achieve the filtering function. 1. Filtering function: When multi-wavelength optical signals are transmitted through the bus waveguide, this resonant unit first functions as a narrowband filter, precisely filtering out only specific wavelength optical carriers that meet the resonance conditions and coupling them into the resonant cavity; 3. Modulation function: The modulation region is equipped with a high-speed electro-optic modulation structure, used to respond to externally applied high-speed electro-modulation signals, encoding and modulating the filtered optical carriers by changing the waveguide refractive index; 3. Detection function: The absorption detection region is equipped with a photoelectric conversion structure, used to partially absorb the optical field within the cavity and convert it in situ into a photogenerated monitoring current. This current has a dual function: firstly, it serves as a feedback error signal to drive the thermally modulated unit, locking the filtering center wavelength of the micro-ring to the input light source wavelength; secondly, it acts as a light trap to absorb residual light fields and block back reflection paths.

[0037] Step 340: Send the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal to the optical adapter board 3 for low-loss transmission through a high-density parallel waveguide to obtain the first transmission optical signal and the second transmission optical signal. Step 350: Send the first transmitted optical signal and the second transmitted optical signal to the filter detection unit 4 for filtering and detection, perform photoelectric conversion, and obtain the output electrical signal.

[0038] In some embodiments, a "dual-path direct transmission" transceiver scheme based on an optical adapter board is adopted in terms of system-level optical path architecture. When the input optical signal enters the transmitter, it is first decomposed into two optical signals with the same polarization mode, such as both being TE modes, by the polarization beam splitter (PSR) module. For the application of the optical adapter board 3, after being modulated by the composite resonant unit 2, these two optical signals do not need to pass through a polarization beam combiner, but are directly coupled into two independent waveguides on the adapter board for parallel transmission. Subsequently, these two optical signals reach the receiver and are coupled to the filter detection unit 4 matched with the transmitter. The resonant structure of the receiver also utilizes its filtering characteristics to download a specific wavelength signal from the waveguide and directly completes high-speed photoelectric conversion within the cavity, thereby realizing a minimalist architecture at both the transmitter and receiver without the need for independent demultiplexing devices, and achieving efficient processing of input light with arbitrary polarization states.

[0039] At the transmitting end, this structure utilizes resonant characteristics to filter and select a specific wavelength optical carrier from the input multi-wavelength light source, modulates the signal through electro-optic effects, and simultaneously uses an embedded detection region to absorb part of the light field for detection and wavelength locking. For the optical adapter board 3 application, the transmitter uses high-density waveguide wiring to directly transmit the two polarization-separated optical signals in parallel to the receiving end, eliminating the need for polarization combining. The receiving end also employs this resonant structure to achieve wavelength filtering and high-speed detection.

[0040] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent transmitter architecture provided by this invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, a first specific embodiment of a polarization-independent optical transmitter architecture is provided. This architecture first receives an input optical signal L200, which is then processed by a polarization beam splitter rotator PSR200, decomposed, and rotated into two optical signals L201 and L202 with the same polarization state, such as the TE mode. These two optical signals are transmitted along upper and lower waveguides respectively and coupled to a composite microring resonant structure for modulation.

[0041] In this embodiment, the core device employs a composite microring structure integrating filtering, modulation, and absorption functions. Specifically, a thermally modulated region and a resonant absorption region PD100 are integrated within the microring resonant cavity. While performing high-speed signal modulation and filtering, the resonant absorption region PD100 can absorb optical energy within the cavity in real time and convert it into photocurrent, which is used to control the bias state of the microring, thus achieving wavelength locking without the need for additional monitoring devices. In particular, this embodiment utilizes the directional coupling characteristics of the microring resonator to eliminate reflection interference. Even if the lower optical signal L202 cross-couples into the upper waveguide via the composite microring resonant cavity, or the upper optical signal L201 couples to the lower waveguide, the coupled optical signal will strictly propagate along the forward transmission direction of the waveguide, without generating a back-reflection signal propagating towards the laser. This effectively ensures the stability of the light source while achieving polarization-independent modulation.

[0042] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the implementation method of the polarization-independent transmitter architecture provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, this invention provides a second specific embodiment of a polarization-independent optical transmitter architecture. (And...) Figure 4 Similarly, the input optical signal is split into two paths by the PSR200 before entering the modulation region, and each optical waveguide is configured with a composite microring structure with multiple functions of filtering, modulation, and photoelectric absorption. A significant feature of this embodiment is that although the upper optical signal L201 and the lower optical signal L202 are synchronously electrically driven and modulated by the same set of drive signals DATA1 to DATAn, there is no optical coupling path between the composite microring modulators corresponding to the upper and lower waveguides. This means that the two optical signals complete the modulation process in their respective independent microring resonant cavities without interfering with each other. At the same time, each composite microring unit retains its "modulation-detection integration" advantage, using the embedded absorption region to convert part of the resonant optical field into a current signal. This not only enables the loading of high-speed data but also allows for real-time monitoring of the resonant state by detecting this current, ensuring precise alignment and locking of the operating point of the dual modulators during polarization-independent emission.

[0043] Figure 6 This is the third schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent transmitter architecture provided by this invention, as shown below. Figure 6As shown, this invention provides a third specific embodiment of the polarization-independent optical transmitter architecture. In this architecture, the two optical signals L301 and L302, after polarization beam splitting and rotation, do not enter different modulation units, but are coupled together to the same composite microring resonator. This single composite microring structure acts as a common modulation unit, which also integrates signal filtering selection, high-speed modulation, and absorption detection functions for bias monitoring. During operation, the same composite microring resonator, under the action of an electrically driven signal, can simultaneously modulate the optical signals in the upper and lower waveguides synchronously. This design greatly simplifies the device size and control complexity, achieving polarization-independent loading of dual signals using a single ring. Simultaneously, thanks to the built-in photoelectric absorption mechanism of the composite microring, while performing signal modulation, the microring can also act as a highly sensitive monitor, using real-time feedback to adjust the thermal tuning region by reading the photocurrent generated by absorption within the cavity, ensuring that the common microring always operates stably at the optimal wavelength position, thus achieving high-performance polarization-independent emission with the most compact structure.

[0044] Figure 7 This is the fourth schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent transmitter architecture provided by this invention, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, this invention provides a fourth specific embodiment of the polarization-independent optical transmitter architecture. This scheme also employs a common composite microring structure to simultaneously process the two optical signals after being split by the PSR300. The composite microring retains its signature integrated filtering, modulation, and absorption detection characteristics, enabling closed-loop stable control using intracavity photocurrent. To further improve signal quality and eliminate potential reflection interference, this embodiment specifically introduces a curved waveguide structure design. Specifically, the transmission waveguide exhibits a specific curved shape in the coupling region, ensuring that the optical signal meets specific phase matching and transmission direction conditions when exchanging energy with the composite microring. This curved waveguide layout, combined with the single-ring dual-modulation architecture, not only achieves efficient modulation of two optical signals simultaneously using a single microring, but also, through structural optimization, ensures that even when the optical signals cross-couple via the microring, all coupled optical signal components propagate forward along the waveguide, completely avoiding back-reflection signals that interfere with the front-end light source. Thus, highly stable, reflection-free polarization-independent optical signal transmission is achieved within a minimalist single-ring architecture.

[0045] Figure 8 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by this invention, such as... Figure 8As shown, this invention provides a first specific embodiment of a polarization-independent optical receiver architecture. This receiver directly interfaces with two independent transmission waveguides from an optical adapter plate 3, receiving two polarization-independent optical signals emitted from the transmitter and transmitted. To achieve efficient demodulation of multi-wavelength signals, this architecture employs a set of cascaded resonant photodetectors as the core component. Each resonant photodetector is designed to resonate for a specific carrier wavelength, utilizing its wavelength selectivity to directly filter and download signals in the optical domain, while simultaneously using a built-in photoelectric conversion mechanism to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal. Particularly noteworthy is that this design utilizes the resonance enhancement characteristics of the resonant detectors, effectively increasing the interaction distance between the light and the absorption medium through multiple cycles within the cavity, effectively increasing the absorption length of the photodetector. This significantly reduces the device size while maintaining high detection efficiency, achieving highly compact integration. Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes the directional coupling characteristics of the micro-ring resonator to eliminate reflection interference. Even if the optical signal in the lower waveguide is cross-coupled into the upper waveguide via the resonant photodetector, or the upper optical signal is coupled to the lower waveguide, the coupled optical field will strictly propagate along the forward transmission direction of the waveguide, and will not generate a back reflection signal transmitted to the input end.

[0046] Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown, this invention provides a second specific embodiment of a polarization-independent optical receiver architecture. This architecture also receives two optical signals from the optical adapter 3 and uses resonant photodetectors to achieve parallel demodulation of multi-wavelength signals. This scheme also fully utilizes the resonant enhancement characteristics of the resonant detectors, significantly reducing the physical size of the device by effectively increasing the absorption length, which is beneficial for high-density integration. In this preferred embodiment, the upper and lower optical waveguides of the receiver are optically isolated from each other, that is, there is no cross-coupling path of the optical field between the two rows of resonant photodetectors, thereby avoiding crosstalk between the optical signals in the waveguides. To achieve polarization component combining, this scheme uses an electric domain combining method, directly connecting the upper and lower detectors targeting the same wavelength in parallel through a precise electrode interconnect design. In this way, the photocurrents generated by the two detectors are directly superimposed at the circuit nodes, thereby restoring the complete intensity of the original signal in the electric domain, effectively achieving polarization-independent signal reception while maintaining the simplicity of the optical link.

[0047] Figure 10 This is the third schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by this invention, as shown below. Figure 10As shown, this invention provides a third specific implementation of a polarization-independent optical receiver architecture. This architecture, through structural innovation, further enhances integration. The two optical signals input to the receiver no longer enter separate detector arrays, but are instead coupled together to a set of common resonant photodetectors located between two waveguides. Each common resonant photodetector not only utilizes resonance enhancement characteristics to effectively increase the absorption length, thus achieving a very small device size and combining filtering and detection functions, but also has the ability to simultaneously download optical signals from both the upper and lower waveguides. During operation, as long as the wavelength of the optical signal transmitted in the waveguide meets the resonance condition, regardless of which waveguide it is located in, it will be captured and absorbed by the same resonant cavity. This dual-injection combined with single-cavity absorption mechanism allows the light energy of the two polarization components to be instantly superimposed within the resonant cavity and converted into a single photocurrent output. This not only significantly saves chip area but also simplifies subsequent electrical signal processing circuits, achieving efficient and low-cost polarization-independent reception.

[0048] Figure 11 This is the fourth schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by this invention, as shown below. Figure 11 As shown, this invention provides a fourth specific embodiment of a polarization-independent optical receiver architecture. This scheme also employs a common set of resonant photodetectors to simultaneously process two input optical signals and continues the design concept of using resonance enhancement characteristics to effectively increase the absorption length and reduce device size, maintaining the compactness of the system architecture. To further optimize signal quality and completely eliminate potential reflections in the optical path, this embodiment creatively introduces a curved waveguide structure. The transmission waveguide exhibits a specific staggered curved shape in the region coupled with the resonant photodetector. This topology, combined with the propagation characteristics of the micro-ring, strictly limits the coupling direction of the optical signal. Even when two signals are simultaneously injected into a single ring, when the optical field is coupled to the other waveguide via the micro-ring, it will only propagate along the forward propagation direction of the signal, thus physically eliminating back reflection. This design perfectly combines the high integration of single-detector reception with the anti-reflection performance of the curved waveguide, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system under high-speed operation.

[0049] Figure 12 This is the fifth schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the polarization-independent receiver architecture provided by this invention, as shown below. Figure 12As shown, this invention provides a fifth specific embodiment of a polarization-independent receiver architecture. This architecture also receives two optical signals from the optical adapter 3, and uses micro-ring filters to filter the optical signals of specific wavelengths. Then, independent photodetectors are used to detect the two filtered optical signals. This architecture independently processes optical signals of different polarization states through parallel micro-ring filter links, effectively overcoming the inherent polarization dependence of high refractive index difference optical waveguides and significantly reducing the polarization-dependent loss of the system. To achieve the merging of polarization components, a shared photodetector is used to detect the absorption of the filtered signals, realizing the superposition of optical signals in the electrical domain. This effectively achieves polarization-independent signal reception while maintaining the simplicity of the optical link.

[0050] In this embodiment, a multiplexed resonant structure integrating filtering, modulation, and detection was designed, and a dual-parallel transmission architecture was constructed by leveraging the wiring advantages of the adapter board. By directly constructing the absorption and detection unit in the micro-ring waveguide structure, it possesses triple functions of filtering, modulation, and in-situ detection. This unique integrated design not only utilizes photocurrent to achieve adaptive closed-loop locking of the resonant operating point but also effectively suppresses back reflection through the absorption region. Simultaneously, by directly transmitting the polarization-separated signal using the high-density waveguide of the adapter board, low-loss and highly robust polarization-independent transmission was successfully achieved without the need for polarization beam combining.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapter plates, characterized in that, It includes a polarization beam splitter rotation module (1), a composite resonant unit (2), an optical adapter plate (3), and a filter detection unit (4), wherein, The polarization beam splitting and rotation module (1) is used to perform polarization rotation and beam splitting on the multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal to obtain a first orthogonal component and a second orthogonal component. The first orthogonal component and the second orthogonal component are unified into a single polarization mode suitable for silicon waveguide transmission through the polarization rotation mechanism to obtain a first optical signal and a second optical signal. The composite resonant unit (2) is used to perform wavelength selection and signal loading on the first optical signal and the second optical signal in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal; The optical adapter plate (3) is used to transmit the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal with low loss through a high-density parallel waveguide to obtain the first transmission optical signal and the second transmission optical signal. The filtering and detection unit (4) is used to filter and detect the first and second transmitted optical signals, perform photoelectric conversion, and obtain the output electrical signal. The filtering detection unit (4) is a resonant detector or a micro-ring filter.

2. The multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapter plates as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Without considering losses, the magnitude of the first optical signal is equal to the transverse electric mode component of the multi-wavelength random polarization input signal, and the magnitude of the second optical signal is equal to the transverse magnetic mode component of the multi-wavelength random polarization input signal.

3. The multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapter plates as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The composite resonant unit (2) is used to perform wavelength selection and signal loading on the first optical signal and the second optical signal in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal, including: The composite resonant unit (2) filters out the optical carrier with a preset working wavelength from the multi-wavelength broadband of the first optical signal and the second optical signal through the high Q value resonance characteristics of the micro-ring, performs high-speed electrical signal modulation on the optical carrier with the preset working wavelength, uses the feedback current generated by the embedded detection area to lock the resonant wavelength in real time and absorb back reflection, improves power tolerance, and obtains the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal.

4. The multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapter plates as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The functional regions of the composite resonant unit (2) include a signal modulation region, a resonant absorption region, and a thermal modulation region.

5. The multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapter plates as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The signal modulation region is configured to load a high-speed signal, and the waveguide refractive index or absorption coefficient is changed through the carrier dispersion effect to perform high-speed modulation of the optical signal in the micro-ring resonant cavity.

6. The multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapter plates as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The resonant absorption region includes a photoelectric conversion structure. The resonant absorption region is used to absorb part or all of the light field energy entering the microring in the resonant state and convert it into a photocurrent signal.

7. The multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapter plates as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The thermally adjustable region is thermally coupled to the ring waveguide to adjust the effective refractive index of the micro-ring resonant cavity and change the resonant wavelength.

8. The multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapter plates as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The composite resonant unit (2) includes an electrical feedback control loop. The photocurrent signal generated in the resonant absorption region is input to the electrical feedback control loop as a feedback monitoring signal. The electrical feedback control loop judges the alignment degree between the micro-ring resonant wavelength and the carrier wavelength of the multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal based on the magnitude of the photocurrent signal. Based on the judgment result, a driving signal is generated and applied to the thermally tuned region to form a closed-loop negative feedback control.

9. A multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver method for optical adapters, implemented using the multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver for optical adapters as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that... The method includes: Acquire multi-wavelength random polarization state input signals; The multi-wavelength random polarization state input signal is input into the polarization beam splitting and rotation module (1) to perform polarization rotation and beam splitting, and obtain the first orthogonal component and the second orthogonal component. The first orthogonal component and the second orthogonal component are unified into a single polarization mode suitable for silicon waveguide transmission through the polarization rotation mechanism, and the first optical signal and the second optical signal are obtained. The first optical signal and the second optical signal are sent to the composite resonant unit (2) to perform wavelength selection and signal loading in parallel, so as to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal; The first modulation signal and the second modulation signal are sent to the optical adapter board (3) and transmitted with low loss through a high-density parallel waveguide to obtain the first transmission optical signal and the second transmission optical signal. The first and second transmitted optical signals are sent to the filtering and detection unit (4) for filtering and detection, photoelectric conversion, and output electrical signals.

10. The multi-wavelength polarization-independent optoelectronic fusion transceiver method for optical adapter plates as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The step of sending the first optical signal and the second optical signal to the composite resonant unit (2) to perform wavelength selection and signal loading in parallel to obtain the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal includes: The first optical signal and the second optical signal are sent to the composite resonant unit (2). The optical carrier with the preset working wavelength is filtered out from the multi-wavelength broadband of the first optical signal and the second optical signal through the high Q value resonance characteristic of the micro-ring. The optical carrier with the preset working wavelength is modulated by high-speed electrical signal. The feedback current generated by the embedded detection area is used to lock the resonant wavelength in real time and absorb back reflection, thereby improving the power tolerance and obtaining the first modulation signal and the second modulation signal.

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