A vehicle-mounted bluetooth anti-interference method and related device

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of Bluetooth anti-interference methods, specifically to an in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method and related equipment. The in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method includes: establishing and maintaining a device and service priority policy library, used to assign predefined priority levels to devices requesting connection based on the impact of the services carried by the Bluetooth devices on driving safety; when a device requests connection, executing a priority-guided initial connection phase, specifically including: identifying the device or its service, querying the service priority policy library to determine its priority, and selecting differentiated initial connection channels for devices with different priorities from a pre-generated channel quality heatmap based on the determined priority; after the device successfully establishes a connection, executing a priority-based dynamic frequency hopping maintenance phase; this invention can intelligently identify service importance and proactively provide differentiated resource guarantees for critical Bluetooth communication links.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Bluetooth anti-interference methods, and in particular to an in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method and related equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent connected vehicles, in-vehicle infotainment systems have become standard equipment in modern vehicles. Bluetooth technology, due to its versatility and convenience, is widely used to connect various portable devices such as mobile phones, headphones, and tablets to achieve functions such as audio playback, voice calls, and data transmission. However, the confined space inside a vehicle and the complex electromagnetic environment mean that its own Wi-Fi module, wireless sensors, and high-power USB chargers can all generate co-channel interference. Even more serious is the fact that during driving, the external wireless signals (such as Bluetooth from other vehicles, Wi-Fi from roadside units, and civilian radio frequencies) are constantly changing, placing the in-vehicle Bluetooth system in a dynamic, congested, and unpredictable 2.4GHz ISM band environment for extended periods.

[0003] Currently, the standard Bluetooth protocol primarily relies on adaptive frequency hopping technology to combat interference. This technology allows both parties to synchronously switch between 79 channels in a pseudo-random sequence, eliminating channels identified as "inferior" during communication. However, this general solution reveals significant shortcomings in complex in-vehicle multi-device scenarios: First, its connection initialization process is relatively blind; the master device typically selects the initial connection channel randomly or based on simple historical records, which can lead to slow connection establishment or even failure in harsh electromagnetic environments, impacting user experience. Second, and most critically, its anti-interference strategy is egalitarian and indiscriminate. When multiple Bluetooth devices (such as driver navigation phones, passenger entertainment tablets, and Bluetooth headsets) connect simultaneously, the standard protocol schedules all data streams with equal priority. Once the overall channel environment deteriorates, the quality of all connections declines synchronously, failing to guarantee the reliability and low latency of critical services strongly related to vehicle safety (such as navigation voice guidance and emergency calls). This can lead to the loss or interruption of critical driving information, posing potential safety hazards.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method that can intelligently identify the importance of services and proactively provide differentiated resource guarantees for critical Bluetooth communication links. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method and related equipment, which can intelligently identify the importance of services and proactively provide differentiated resource guarantees for key Bluetooth communication links.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method, comprising: Establish and maintain a device and service priority policy library to assign predefined priority levels to devices requesting connection based on the impact of the services carried by the Bluetooth devices on driving safety; When a device requests a connection, the initial connection phase with priority guidance is executed, which includes: identifying the device or its service, querying the service priority policy library to determine its priority, and selecting differentiated initial connection channels for devices with different priorities from a pre-generated channel quality heatmap based on the determined priority. After the device successfully establishes a connection, a priority-based dynamic frequency hopping maintenance phase is executed. This phase includes: continuously monitoring the communication quality of each Bluetooth link and the overall channel interference level. When it is determined that the channel is congested or the communication quality of a high-priority link is lower than the safety threshold, a priority-driven resource scheduling mechanism is triggered to dynamically adjust the allocation of communication resources for different priority links in order to ensure the connection quality of high-priority links.

[0007] In the step of establishing and maintaining a device and service priority policy library to assign predefined priority levels to devices requesting connection based on the impact of the services carried by the Bluetooth devices on driving safety, the priority levels include: First priority, used to support safety-critical equipment and services that directly affect vehicle safety or core driving functions; The second priority is used to support driver assistance devices and services that assist driving. The third priority is for comfort and entertainment equipment and services that provide purely comfortable and entertaining functions.

[0008] In the priority-guided initial connection phase, the step of obtaining the pre-generated channel quality heatmap includes: Periodically scan the background of the channels within the Bluetooth operating frequency band; measure and record the noise intensity and occupancy rate of each channel; A channel quality heatmap is generated and updated in real time based on noise intensity and occupancy rate.

[0009] Specifically, the step of selecting differentiated initial connection channels for devices of different priorities from a pre-generated channel quality heatmap based on determined priorities includes: For devices identified as having the highest priority, a connection request is initiated from the N optimal channels with the lowest noise and lowest occupancy rate selected from the channel quality heatmap, where N is an integer greater than 1; for devices identified as having the highest or lowest priority, an initial channel is selected from the available channel pool according to the conventional strategy.

[0010] The determination process for entering a channel congestion state specifically includes: Calculate the average interference level of all Bluetooth channels. When the average interference level exceeds a preset first threshold, the system is determined to be in a channel congestion state.

[0011] The priority-driven resource scheduling mechanism includes at least one of the following operations: In the time slot allocation for communication, more communication time slots are allocated to high-priority links than to low-priority links; For data packets from high-priority devices, use more aggressive forward error correction coding or shorter data retransmission intervals than for low-priority devices. In cases of extreme congestion, proactively reduce the encoding bitrate of audio streams from low-priority devices, or send users a notification that service quality may be reduced.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention also provides an in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the processor and the memory are connected, the memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor, and the processor implements the in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method when executing the computer program.

[0013] This invention discloses a vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method and related equipment. By introducing service priority classification based on driving safety impact, a complete set of protection mechanisms from connection to maintenance is established. By providing comprehensive resource allocation for first-level critical services such as driver navigation and calls, from initial channel selection and communication time slots to error correction strategies, it ensures that safety-related commands and information can be transmitted clearly, stably, and with low latency under complex electromagnetic interference, fundamentally improving driving safety and the reliability of the core driving experience. Current standard frequency hopping technology treats all connections equally; when overall interference intensifies, the quality of all links declines synchronously. This invention introduces a priority scheduling mechanism based on service safety levels. When channel congestion or quality degradation of specific high-priority links is detected, it does not indiscriminately reduce the quality of all connections, but rather initiates differentiated scheduling: allocating more communication time slots and applying stronger error correction coding to first-level critical links, while dynamically limiting the bandwidth usage of third-level links. This means that, under the same strong external interference environment, the present invention can reserve a protected communication channel with low error rate and low latency for core driving services (such as navigation commands), so that its performance degradation is much lower than that of entertainment services. Thus, at the system level, the invention achieves optimized allocation of anti-interference resources and baseline protection for critical services. The present invention can intelligently identify the importance of services and proactively provide differentiated resource protection for critical Bluetooth communication links. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference device according to the present invention.

[0017] 101 - Memory, 102 - Processor. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] Firstly, please refer to Figure 1 This invention provides a method for anti-interference of in-vehicle Bluetooth, comprising: S1 establishes and maintains a device and service priority policy library, which is used to assign predefined priority levels to devices requesting connection based on the impact of the services carried by the Bluetooth devices on driving safety. In this step, the priority levels include: first priority, used to support safety-critical equipment and services that directly affect vehicle safety or core driving functions; second priority, used to support driving assistance equipment and services that assist driving; and third priority, used to support comfort and entertainment equipment and services that are purely for comfort and entertainment purposes.

[0020] When a device requests a connection, S2 executes the initial connection phase with priority guidance, which specifically includes: identifying the device or its service, querying the service priority policy library to determine its priority, and selecting differentiated initial connection channels for devices with different priorities from a pre-generated channel quality heatmap based on the determined priority. In this step, the process of obtaining the pre-generated channel quality heatmap includes: periodically scanning the channels within the Bluetooth operating frequency band; measuring and recording the noise intensity and occupancy rate of each channel; and generating and updating the channel quality heatmap in real time based on the noise intensity and occupancy rate.

[0021] Specifically, the step of selecting differentiated initial connection channels for devices of different priorities from a pre-generated channel quality heatmap based on the determined priorities includes: for devices identified as having the first priority, selecting N optimal channels with the lowest noise and lowest occupancy rate from the channel quality heatmap to initiate connection requests, where N is an integer greater than 1; for devices identified as having the second or third priority, selecting initial channels from the available channel pool according to a conventional strategy.

[0022] After the device successfully establishes a connection, S3 performs a priority-based dynamic frequency hopping maintenance phase, which includes: continuously monitoring the communication quality of each Bluetooth link and the overall channel interference level. When it is determined that the channel is congested or the communication quality of a high-priority link is lower than the safety threshold, a priority-driven resource scheduling mechanism is triggered to dynamically adjust the allocation of communication resources for different priority links in order to ensure the connection quality of high-priority links.

[0023] In this step, the determination of entering a channel congestion state specifically includes: calculating the average interference level of all Bluetooth channels, and determining that the system has entered a channel congestion state when the average interference level exceeds a preset first threshold.

[0024] The priority-driven resource scheduling mechanism includes at least one of the following operations: In the time slot allocation for communication, more communication time slots are allocated to high-priority links than to low-priority links; For data packets from high-priority devices, use more aggressive forward error correction coding or shorter data retransmission intervals than for low-priority devices. In cases of extreme congestion, proactively reduce the encoding bitrate of audio streams from low-priority devices, or send users a notification that service quality may be reduced.

[0025] To better understand the present invention, a specific embodiment is provided below to illustrate the in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method of the present invention. The specific steps include: When the vehicle system starts up, S1 synchronously initializes and creates a device and service priority policy library. This policy library exists in the form of a read-write data table, and its core fields include device identifier, service UUID, preset priority, and a flag that can be overridden by the user. The priority is precisely defined into three levels: the first level is safety-critical, which maps to services that directly affect vehicle control and driving safety, such as mobile phone call services or original digital key services bound to "driving mode"; the second level is driver assistance, which maps to services that provide important driving information or are used by the primary driver, such as the default media audio source; and the third level is comfort and entertainment, which maps to pure entertainment function services. This policy library can be updated and maintained via OTA.

[0026] In a disconnected state or during idle communication time slots, S2 performs a full-band background scan of all 79 Bluetooth channels in the 2.402GHz to 2.480GHz frequency band at fixed intervals (e.g., every 5 seconds). During each scan, two core raw data points are collected and recorded for each channel: the received signal strength indicator baseline value, used to quantify the ambient background electromagnetic noise intensity of the channel; and the channel occupancy rate, measured by the percentage of time the channel is occupied by any external wireless signal (such as other Bluetooth or Wi-Fi) activity within the scanning time window. Subsequently, a preset weighted scoring algorithm is used to normalize and comprehensively calculate these two data points for each channel, generating a channel quality score between 0 and 100. A higher score indicates a "cleaner" and better quality channel. All channel numbers and their real-time scores are organized into a dynamically updated ordered data structure, namely a channel quality heatmap, which serves as the real-time basis for the entire system's spectrum decisions.

[0027] When a new device requests pairing or reconnection, the method enters the initial connection phase with priority bootstrapping. First, it obtains the device identifier and broadcast service list, and queries the priority policy library to determine its priority (first, second, or third priority). Matching follows the principle of "service takes precedence over device," and unmatched items are defaulted to the third priority level. Subsequently, it performs priority-based differentiated channel selection and connection attempts. This is the core decision point of this method: for high-priority devices or services identified as first-priority, it immediately queries the latest channel quality heatmap, sorts the quality scores of all channels from high to low, and selects the top K channels. Channels with K=5 (e.g., K=5) constitute a "high-quality channel set". Subsequently, paging requests and attempts during the Bluetooth connection establishment process will be forcibly and preferentially restricted to this high-quality channel set. This is equivalent to opening a "green channel" for critical devices in the congested spectrum space, thereby significantly improving the success rate of quickly and stably establishing the initial link in complex environments. For second or third-level devices, all channels with quality scores higher than the basic security threshold are selected from the heat map to form an "available channel pool", and the initial channel is selected for connection according to the conventional strategy, without enjoying the priority guidance of the channel set. The conventional strategy refers to the default connection establishment method defined by the existing standard Bluetooth protocol, which has not been optimized by this invention. The operation logic of the conventional strategy is as follows: When it is necessary to connect to a device determined to be at level two or three, it usually does not specifically query the real-time channel quality heatmap for this connection request. Instead, it may rely on a basic channel list with a low update frequency, or directly enter the standard paging process. In terms of channel selection, it adopts an indiscriminate or pseudo-random mechanism, usually traversing or randomly trying all 79 Bluetooth channels or a pre-set fixed subset (such as all odd or even channels). The selection of channels is based on the pseudo-random frequency hopping sequence or a simple polling algorithm specified by the protocol, without considering the real-time interference intensity and occupancy rate of the target channel. Therefore, the entire connection attempt process is essentially sending paging requests sequentially in a wide range of frequency bands until the device responds on a certain channel. This method ensures universality and compatibility.

[0028] After all devices successfully establish connections, the S3 method enters a priority-based dynamic frequency hopping maintenance phase. This phase, on top of the standard Bluetooth adaptive frequency hopping mechanism, incorporates intelligent monitoring and scheduling. The system creates an independent quality monitoring instance for each connection link, tracking indicators such as signal strength, bit error rate, and retransmission rate in real time, and setting stricter alarm thresholds for first-level links. Simultaneously, the system periodically evaluates the overall channel's average occupancy and noise level, determining that it has entered a "channel congestion state" when the threshold is continuously exceeded. Once the system enters a congestion state or any first-level link quality deteriorates, priority-driven dynamic resource scheduling is immediately triggered: dynamic tilting in communication time slot allocation, shortening the polling interval of first-level devices to reduce their communication latency, and potentially extending the interval of third-level devices; in terms of data reliability, stronger forward error correction and more aggressive retransmission strategies are applied to the data of first-level devices; in extreme cases, the third-level audio stream can be instructed to dynamically reduce its encoding bitrate to reduce bandwidth consumption, thereby ensuring the service quality of high-priority links.

[0029] The vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method of this invention introduces a service priority division based on driving safety impact, and establishes a complete set of protection mechanisms from connection to maintenance. By providing comprehensive resource allocation for first-level critical services such as driver navigation and calls, from initial channel selection and communication time slots to error correction strategies, it ensures that safety-related instructions and information can be transmitted clearly, stably, and with low latency under complex electromagnetic interference, fundamentally improving driving safety and the reliability of the core driving experience. Current standard frequency hopping technology treats all connections equally; when overall interference intensifies, the quality of all links deteriorates synchronously. This invention introduces a priority scheduling mechanism based on service safety levels. When channel congestion or quality degradation of specific high-priority links is detected, it does not indiscriminately reduce the quality of all connections, but rather initiates differentiated scheduling: allocating more communication time slots and applying stronger error correction coding to first-level critical links, while dynamically limiting the bandwidth usage of third-level links. This means that, under the same strong external interference environment, the present invention can reserve a protected communication channel with low error rate and low latency for core driving services (such as navigation commands), so that its performance degradation is much lower than that of entertainment services. Thus, at the system level, the invention achieves optimized allocation of anti-interference resources and baseline protection for critical services. The present invention can intelligently identify the importance of services and proactively provide differentiated resource protection for critical Bluetooth communication links.

[0030] Secondly, please refer to Figure 2 The present invention also provides an in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference device, including a memory 101 and a processor 102, wherein the processor 102 is connected to the memory 101, the memory 101 stores a computer program that can run on the processor 102, and the processor 102 implements the in-vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method when executing the computer program.

[0031] In this embodiment, the memory sub-101 is used to store all program code, fixed strategies, dynamic data and historical logs required for the vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method. Its architecture is divided into multiple levels to meet the different data access speed, capacity and persistence requirements. The processor 102 is used to implement the vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method when executing the computer program.

[0032] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preventing interference with in-vehicle Bluetooth, characterized in that, include: Establish and maintain a device and service priority policy library to assign predefined priority levels to devices requesting connection based on the impact of the services carried by the Bluetooth devices on driving safety; When a device requests a connection, the initial connection phase with priority guidance is executed, which includes: identifying the device or its service, querying the service priority policy library to determine its priority, and selecting differentiated initial connection channels for devices with different priorities from a pre-generated channel quality heatmap based on the determined priority. After the device successfully establishes a connection, a priority-based dynamic frequency hopping maintenance phase is executed. This phase includes: continuously monitoring the communication quality of each Bluetooth link and the overall channel interference level. When it is determined that the channel is congested or the communication quality of a high-priority link is lower than the safety threshold, a priority-driven resource scheduling mechanism is triggered to dynamically adjust the allocation of communication resources for different priority links in order to ensure the connection quality of high-priority links.

2. The vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of establishing and maintaining a device and service priority policy library to assign predefined priority levels to devices requesting connection based on the impact of the services carried by Bluetooth devices on driving safety, the priority levels include: First priority, used to support safety-critical equipment and services that directly affect vehicle safety or core driving functions; The second priority is used to support driver assistance devices and services that assist driving. The third priority is for comfort and entertainment equipment and services that provide purely comfortable and entertaining functions.

3. The vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the prioritized initial connection phase, the steps for obtaining the pre-generated channel quality heatmap include: Periodically scan the background of the channels within the Bluetooth operating frequency band; measure and record the noise intensity and occupancy rate of each channel; A channel quality heatmap is generated and updated in real time based on noise intensity and occupancy rate.

4. The vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of selecting differentiated initial connection channels for devices of different priorities from a pre-generated channel quality heatmap based on determined priorities specifically includes: For devices identified as having the highest priority, a connection request is initiated from the N optimal channels with the lowest noise and lowest occupancy rate selected from the channel quality heatmap, where N is an integer greater than 1; for devices identified as having the highest or lowest priority, an initial channel is selected from the available channel pool according to the conventional strategy.

5. The vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The determination process for entering a channel congestion state specifically includes: Calculate the average interference level of all Bluetooth channels. When the average interference level exceeds a preset first threshold, the system is determined to be in a channel congestion state.

6. The vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The priority-driven resource scheduling mechanism includes at least one of the following operations: In the time slot allocation for communication, more communication time slots are allocated to high-priority links than to low-priority links; For data packets from high-priority devices, use more aggressive forward error correction coding or shorter data retransmission intervals than for low-priority devices. In cases of extreme congestion, proactively reduce the encoding bitrate of audio streams from low-priority devices, or send users a notification that service quality may be reduced.

7. A vehicle-mounted Bluetooth anti-interference device, characterized in that, The device includes a memory and a processor, the processor and the memory being connected, the memory storing a computer program that can run on the processor, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the vehicle Bluetooth anti-interference method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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