Method for assembling a pivot bearing
By tilting the bearing and using locking devices to maintain the connection between the bearing shell and the rolling element cage, the problem of unstable assembly in the prior art is solved, enabling more reliable pivot bearing assembly and the possibility of automated assembly.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KNORR BREMSE SYSTEME FUER NUTZFAHIZEUGE GMBH
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the retention between components during the assembly of pivot bearings is not reliable enough, which makes them prone to falling apart during transportation, operation and assembly, and the precise positioning of the rolling element cage relative to the bearing shell is difficult to maintain.
By tilting the bearing shell and rolling element cage together and maintaining their contact using locking or clamping devices, particularly by inserting the edge side of the bearing shell into the U-shaped profile of the locking device of the rolling element cage and securing it with locking elements, a stable connection between the components is ensured.
It significantly reduces the risk of damage to locking devices during assembly, improves the stability and retention function between components, ensures precise positioning of the rolling element cage relative to the bearing shell, and is suitable for automated machine assembly.
Smart Images
Figure CN122374555A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a method for assembling a pivot bearing as described in the preamble of claim 1. Background Technology
[0002] Based on the following Figure 8 and Figure 9 The assembly methods known to date are described in more detail. These figures illustrate a disassembled pivot bearing 1 having bearing shells 16 positioned parallel to the rolling element cage 2 in a manner and method known per se. Typically, these components are automatically assembled into a pivot bearing 1 by bringing the two components close together in the radial direction while maintaining them in a parallel position until locking. For this purpose, a hydraulically movable mechanism can be used, for example. Here, during the locking process, the locking elements 7a or 7b may be partially or completely sheared, particularly due to the stability of the bearing shells caused by their structural type.
[0003] However, without these additional retaining devices, a pivot bearing manufactured in this way may be too weakly held together to reliably prevent it from falling apart during transport, operation, and assembly. In the event of manufacturing defects that weaken or destroy the locking mechanism between the two components, the precise and maintained positioning of the rolling element cage relative to the bearing shell cannot be maintained. The cage may slip and the pivot bearing may fail to assemble, or misassembly may occur between the brake lever and the pivot bearing. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for assembling a pivot bearing for the aforementioned purpose, the pivot bearing having a reliable retainer between components.
[0005] This invention achieves this objective through the technical solution of claim 1.
[0006] The method according to the invention is used to assemble a special pivot bearing. This pivot bearing is configured as a pivot rod for supporting a clamping device of a disc brake, wherein the pivot bearing has an arcuate bearing shell and a rolling bearing cage pivotally guided on the bearing shell.
[0007] The two components are held abutting against each other by one or more retaining devices. This can preferably be achieved by a locking mechanism. Here, these components are configured to be relatively rigid and stable for the aforementioned application purposes.
[0008] Here, the method includes guiding the bearing shell and rolling element cage together until they contact each other. Alternatively, only one of the two components may be brought closer to the corresponding other component.
[0009] According to the invention, one of the two components has an inclined position relative to the corresponding other component when guided together until they contact. This inclined position enables, for example, the bearing shell to be inserted into the U-shaped profile of the locking device of the rolling element cage on the edge side, and subsequently the free longitudinal side of the bearing shell to be fastened unilaterally to the corresponding retaining device of the rolling element cage.
[0010] This significantly reduces the risk of damaging the locking device during assembly.
[0011] Further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are the technical solutions of the dependent claims.
[0012] Different tilts of the bearing shell relative to the rolling element cage are possible, such as rolling, pitching, or yawing. The tilting of the bearing shell is preferably such that there is a tilt angle between the axis of rotation, or pivot axis, and the rolling surface of the bearing shell. Conversely, the rolling elements, together with the rolling element cage, are arranged parallel to the axis of rotation, or pivot axis. Therefore, the tilt angle is preferably a pitch angle. In contrast, rolling or yaw of the bearing shell does not result in any tilt relative to the pivot axis.
[0013] The one or more retaining devices may be configured as clamping devices; however, it is particularly advantageous for reliable fixation to be configured as locking devices or locking elements. Locking elements and locking devices are used synonymously within the scope of this invention.
[0014] Advantageously, after guiding the two components together, the bearing shell can be inserted at the edge side under the undercut of the rolling element cage, which is composed of locking elements. Thus, one of the locking devices of the pivot bearing is not subjected to mechanical load.
[0015] The rolling element cage may also have an arcuate section with multiple bearing pockets in which rolling elements are arranged. The rolling element cage may have a side edge on each of the two longitudinal sides of the arcuate section for guiding the bearing pads. The side edges project radially outward relative to the pivot axis of the pivot bearing, i.e., away from the pivot axis, with respect to the arcuate section, wherein the one or more retaining devices are arranged on at least one of the side edges.
[0016] Each of the side edges may advantageously have at least one or more of the locking devices.
[0017] At least one of the side edges advantageously has at least two of the locking elements. This is particularly true for side edges where the locking devices engage under elastic deformation. Preferably, to achieve a consistent result regardless of the tilt direction of the two components relative to each other, each side edge may have two locking devices. Thus, it is irrelevant which side the components intersect and which side they engage. This is particularly advantageous for machine manufacturing.
[0018] After insertion, the rolling element cage and bearing shell can be advantageously oriented in parallel, wherein, during parallel orientation, the two components are clamped on one side with elastic deformation of the locking device and / or one of the side edges.
[0019] The bearing shell may have one or two recessed grooves on its edges to accommodate the locking strips of the locking device. This prevents the bearing shell from cracking in the pivoting direction. Simultaneously, due to the small edge dimensions of the bearing shell, the range of radial elastic deformation is reduced.
[0020] The bearing shell can be advantageously guided together and / or interlaced with the rolling element cage at an angle greater than 10°.
[0021] The assembly of the pivot bearing can be performed, particularly as an automated machine assembly, especially without human intervention. Here, one possibility for this is provided by a robotic arm.
[0022] Furthermore, the rolling bearing cage may have guide vanes that project axially relative to the pivot axis. However, these guide vanes only have axially extending stop surfaces on one side for returning the rolling element cage. Returning on one side is based on the understanding that returning on both sides is not mandatory, primarily because the pivot bearing also has stops that prevent excessive pivoting of the bearing. Attached Figure Description
[0023] A method for assembling a pivot bearing according to the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
[0024] Figure 1 A rear view is shown of a first embodiment of a pivot bearing assembled according to the method of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 A side view of the pivot bearing is shown;
[0026] Figure 3 A first perspective view of the pivot bearing is shown;
[0027] Figure 4 A second perspective view of the pivot bearing is shown;
[0028] Figure 5 A perspective view of the rolling element cage of the pivot bearing shown in the aforementioned figure is presented.
[0029] Figure 6 A perspective view is shown of a second embodiment of a pivot bearing assembled according to the method of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 7 Show Figure 6 A top view of the pivot bearing;
[0031] Figure 8 Show Figure 6 and Figure 7 A first view of the components of the pivot bearing in their initial position before assembly;
[0032] Figure 9 Show Figure 6 and Figure 7 A second view of the components of the pivot bearing in their initial position before assembly;
[0033] Figure 10 Assembly shown Figure 6 and Figure 7 First view of the first step of the components of the pivot bearing;
[0034] Figure 11 Assembly shown Figure 6 and Figure 7 A second view of the first step of the components of the pivot bearing;
[0035] Figure 12 Assembly shown Figure 6 and Figure 7 First view of the second step of the pivot bearing component;
[0036] Figure 13 Assembly shown Figure 6 and Figure 7 The second view of the second step of the pivot bearing component;
[0037] Figure 14 Assembly shown Figure 6 and 7 A first view of the third step of the pivot bearing component; and
[0038] Figure 15 Assembly shown Figure 6 and Figure 7 The second view of the third step of the pivot bearing component. Detailed Implementation
[0039] Figure 1-5An example of a pivot bearing 1, designed for use in a disc brake and manufactured according to the method of the present invention, is shown in detail. This pivot bearing is particularly useful for supporting, for example, the aforementioned pivot rod on the brake caliper of a disc brake, which is also synonymously referred to as a rotating rod or brake lever. In DE 10 2020 101 014 B3... Figure 2 The diagram shows the corresponding positioning of the pivot bearing on the pivot rod. Pivot bearing 1 has a pivot axis A.
[0040] exist Figure 1-5 The pivot bearing 1 shown is configured as a needle roller bearing or roller bearing, having an arc-shaped bearing shell 16 and a rolling element cage 2 that can pivot relative to it. Between the bearing shell and the rolling element cage, a set of rolling elements 18, which are in the form of bearing needles, are arranged such that the bearing shell 16 is movably supported by the rolling elements, particularly by the rollers, relative to the rolling element cage 2.
[0041] The rolling element cage 2 is preferably made of plastic and has two side edges 5a and 5b perpendicular to the outwardly oriented sides of the rolling element cage, the side edges having guide surfaces pointing towards the bearing needle rollers 18. The opposing side edges 5a and 5b, together with two opposing end edges, define a receiving space for the bearing needle rollers 18, the end edges having end facets 12 and 13 of the rolling element cage, respectively. The receiving space is divided into bearing pockets 4, which are defined on one side by retaining strips 3 extending parallel to the pivot axis A between the side edges 5a and 5b. The retaining strips 3 prevent the rolling elements 18, such as bearing needle rollers, from falling inward in the radial direction during the assembly of the pivot bearing 1. Falling is further prevented on the rear side by bearing bushes 16.
[0042] Guide devices 6a and 6b extend parallel to the side edges 5a and 5b, for example as arcuate protrusions. Guide devices 6a and 6b extend toward the bearing shell 16 and laterally surround the bearing shell in a U-shape. In addition to the guide devices 6a and 6b extending from the side edges 5a and 5b, locking elements 7, such as locking strips 9, extend from the side edges 5a and 5b, which engage the bearing shell 16 from the rear and thus lock it to the rolling element cage.
[0043] For this purpose, the bearing shell 16 has a recessed groove 20 along its edge surface as a corresponding locking device, and the locking strip 9 engages in the recessed groove.
[0044] At least one guide wing 21 extends axially (about the pivot axis A) from the outer surfaces 22 of the side edges 5a and 5b, respectively. The guide wing 21 is characterized by having only one stop surface 10 in its axial extension. A corresponding reset element for a brake lever or pivot lever can be provided here. The edge opposite to the stop surface 10 is configured as an arc-shaped wing reinforcement 11, and the arc shape allows for precise and repeatable stopping of the aforementioned return element. However, the stop surface 10 allows for guiding the rolling element retainer in one pivot direction, while guidance in the opposite direction can be achieved by another stop, such as abutting against the end face 12 or the like. One advantage is that the risk of mechanical deformation of the guide wing is significantly lower due to reduced mechanical load and the wing reinforcement 11.
[0045] The bearing shell 16 can be made of a flat metal sheet bent into cylindrical sections or curved shapes. Due to the choice of material, it is friction-insensitive. It has two central recesses 17, particularly waisted portions, on its sides into which the locking strip 9 of the rolling element cage engages. The waisted portions 17 extend in such a way that the rolling element cage 2 is guided within the waisted portions 17 of the bearing shell 16 in a limited manner. Thus, the recesses 17 simply function as stops to restrict movement, and on the other hand, effectively guide the bearing shell 16 on the rolling element cage 2 and hold it in its installed position. The recessed groove 20 here has an arcuate extension at least as long as or longer than the waisted portions 17.
[0046] Due to the tapering section, the bearing shell is divided into two arc-shaped end sections 25 and an equally arc-shaped middle section 26.
[0047] Fastening devices such as protrusions 19, 24 and / or holes secure the rolling element cage 2 and / or bearing shell 16 to their respective constituent parts that are to be movably supported relative to each other, such as the brake caliper and pivot rod of a disc brake.
[0048] The rolling element cage 2, made of plastic, has a central recess 15 with a plurality of recessed bearing pockets 4 for accommodating one, preferably two, of each of the rolling elements 18, which are respectively in the form of bearing needle rollers. The bearing shell 16 is made of a metal sheet that, except for the protrusions 19 and 24, can be simply manufactured in a single bending process. Thus, the pivot bearing according to the invention can be manufactured significantly more cost-effectively than comparable pivot bearings without compromising any function.
[0049] Figure 6 and Figure 7 A second embodiment of the pivot bearing 1' is shown. Function and Figure 1-5 The same components as those in the pivot bearing are marked in the same way. Figure 1-5Unlike other embodiments, this embodiment has two locking devices 7a and 7b, each configured as locking protrusions, for each side edge 5a and 5b, with corresponding locking strips. At least two locking protrusions are arranged for each side edge to redundantly secure the pivot bearing, even if one of the locking devices 7a or 7b is sheared during pivot bearing assembly.
[0050] and Figure 1-5 Another difference in the variant is the notch, particularly the pocket 29, in at least one or both side edges 5a and 5b below the locking device 7a or 7b. This facilitates the axial elastic deformation of the side edges 5a and 5b—referring to the pivot axis A of the pivot bearing—and the mobility of the locking devices 7a and 7b through this elastic deformation.
[0051] The assembly method according to the present invention has multiple steps, based on Figure 8-15 These steps are explained.
[0052] Figure 8 and 9 The initial assembly is shown. The bearing shell 16 and the rolling element cage 2 are spatially separated from each other and should be assembled into a pivot bearing 1.
[0053] Here, the bearing shell 16 and the rolling element cage 2 are arranged parallel to each other and are radially spaced apart from each other—with respect to the pivot axis A of the pivot bearing 1. However, this orientation of the two components in the initial case is not mandatory.
[0054] Figure 10 and Figure 11 The first step of assembly is shown. Here, the bearing shell 16 is guided toward the rolling element cage 2 in a directional tilted position relative to the rolling element cage 2 until it contacts the rolling element cage 2. Alternatively, the rolling element cage 2 may be guided toward the bearing shell 16 in an tilted position.
[0055] Alternatively, the two components can be positioned facing each other and guided towards one another. The tilt position of one component relative to the other is important. The tilt angle between the two components can be significantly greater than 10°, preferably greater than 20°, for example, 30-60°.
[0056] exist Figure 10 and 11 In this process, the first longitudinal edge 27 of the bearing shell 16 is first inserted behind the locking devices 7a and 7b at one side edge 5a, and then the bearing shell 16 is placed on the locking devices 7a and 7b at the second side edge 5b with the second longitudinal edge 28 and locked by applying pressure in the event of elastic deformation of these side edges 5b and / or locking devices 7a and 7b.
[0057] As in Figure 12 and Figure 13 As can be seen, after the recessed groove 20 is inserted under the locking strip 9 of the respective locking device 7a or 7b of the side edge 5a on one side, the tilt angle of the bearing shell 16 relative to the rolling element cage 2 decreases until the bearing shell 16 abuts against the opposite side edge 5b at the edge.
[0058] Finally, slight pressure can deform the locking devices 7a and 7b and / or the side edge 5b, and the bearing shell 16 can be engaged from behind by the locking devices 7a and 7b, thus forming a locking engagement.
[0059] Then, Figure 14 and 15 The final positions of the aforementioned two components, namely the bearing shell 16 and the rolling element cage 2, in the assembled state are shown. Here, the two sides of the bearing shell 16 are engaged from the rear by locking devices 7a and 7b in the region of the longitudinal edges 27 and 28, and the locking strips 9 of the locking devices 7a and 7b of these two side edges 5a and 5b are located in the recessed groove 20.
[0060] When clamped on one side, the contact between the bearing shell 16 and the locking devices 7a and 7b, especially when designed as locking protrusions, is particularly advantageous because the contact angle here is also more optimized than when both side edges 5a and 5b are simultaneously vertically locked during assembly. The single or multiple locking devices 7a and 7b experience less wear than when both side edges are simultaneously placed on the bearing shell. Simultaneously, improved retention is achieved through the thus stronger undercut.
[0061] The provision of multiple locking devices 7a and 7b offset along the side edges 5a or 5b of the bearing shell 16 further enhances the retention function of the rolling element cage 2 on the bearing shell 16. At least two locking devices, preferably two locking protrusions, are installed on each side edge 5a or 5b.
[0062] The bearing shell 16 and the rolling element cage 2 are "clamped" by at least two locking devices. This is achieved by utilizing the "ideal" arcuate geometry of the rolling element cage 2 and the unfolded or deployable state of the bearing shell 16. Unintentional movement of these two components becomes difficult. Such movement could occur throughout the assembly, transport chain, and assembly of the brake. The set position of the rolling element cage 2 with rolling elements relative to the bearing shell 16 is maintained.
[0063] Therefore, this method optimizes the assembly and improves the retaining function between the rolling element cage 2 and the bearing shell 16.
[0064] List of reference numerals
[0065] 1.1' Pivot Bearing
[0066] 2 Rolling element cage
[0067] 3. Keep the slats
[0068] 4 bearing bags
[0069] 5a side edge
[0070] 5b side edge
[0071] 6a boot device
[0072] 6b boot device
[0073] 7, 7a, 7b locking components
[0074] 9-card lock bar
[0075] 10 stops
[0076] 11 Wing Reinforcement
[0077] 12 end faces
[0078] 13 end face
[0079] 15 recesses
[0080] 16 bearing pads
[0081] 17 recesses
[0082] 18 rolling elements
[0083] 19 sudden rise
[0084] 20 recessed grooves
[0085] 21 guide wings
[0086] 22 outer surface
[0087] 24 protrusions
[0088] 25 end sections
[0089] 26 Middle Section
[0090] 27 longitudinal edges
[0091] 28 longitudinal edges
[0092] 29 concave pockets
[0093] A pivot axis
Claims
1. A method for assembling pivot bearings (1, 1') for assembling a pivot rod of a clamping device supporting a disc brake, wherein, The pivot bearing (1, 1') has an arcuate bearing shell (16) and a rolling bearing cage (2) pivotally guided on the bearing shell. The bearing shell and the rolling bearing cage are held abutting against each other by one or more retaining devices, preferably locking. The method includes guiding the bearing shell (16) and the rolling element cage (2) together until they contact each other. Its features are, One of the two components has an inclined position relative to the corresponding other component when they are guided together until they make contact.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one or more retaining devices are configured as locking elements (7, 7a, 7b).
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, After being guided together, the bearing shell (16) is inserted at the edge side into the undercut of the rolling element cage (2) formed by the locking elements (7, 7a, 7b).
4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The rolling element cage (2) has an arcuate section having a plurality of bearing pockets (4) in which rolling elements (18) are arranged, and the rolling element cage (2) has a side edge (5a and 5b) on each of the two longitudinal sides of the arcuate section for guiding the bearing shell (16), the side edge projecting radially outward relative to the arcuate section about the pivot axis (A) of the pivot bearing (1, 1'), wherein the one or more retaining devices are arranged on at least one side edge of the side edge (5a or 5b).
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the side edges (5a, 5b) has at least one locking element (7, 7a, 7b) or multiple locking elements (7, 7a, 7b).
6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, At least one, preferably both, of the side edges (5a, 5b) have at least two of the locking elements (7, 7a, 7b).
7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, After insertion, the rolling element cage (2) and bearing shell (16) are oriented in parallel, wherein, preferably, the two components are clamped on one side during parallel orientation with elastic deformation of the locking elements (7, 7a, 7b) and / or the side edges (5a, 5b).
8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The bearing shell (16) has one or two recessed grooves (20) on its edge sides for accommodating the locking strips (9) of the locking elements (7, 7a, 7b).
9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The bearing shell (16) is guided together and / or interlaced with the rolling element cage (2) at an angle greater than 10°.
10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The assembly of the bearing shell (16) and rolling element cage (2) of the pivot bearing (1, 1') is carried out as an automated machine assembly, especially without human intervention.