A root distribution imaging contrast medium, preparation, in-situ imaging system and method

Abstract

The application relates to a root system distribution imaging contrast medium, a preparation method, an in-situ imaging system and a method, belongs to the field of ecological restoration and protection, and is characterized in that the contrast medium is mixed by a composite growth hormone, a dissolving agent, a tracer and a solvent; the in-situ imaging system comprises emitting devices for emitting neutron beams to plant root systems, receiving devices for receiving the neutron beams, imaging devices for converting the received neutron beams into images, and two drilling pipes for drilling, each of the drilling pipes comprises a hollow pipe with a top opening and a drill bit arranged at the bottom of the hollow pipe, a positioning structure is arranged in the hollow pipe, and the positioning structure comprises a positioning chuck and a guide pipe arranged on the upper surface of the positioning chuck. The application can effectively adapt to the topography of mountainous areas, eliminate the environmental influence of mountainous areas, and improve the three-dimensional imaging precision and efficiency of the neutron radiation in-situ testing technology for the root system distribution of plants in mountainous areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration and protection, specifically to a root distribution imaging contrast agent, its preparation, an in-situ imaging system, and a method. Background Technology

[0002] With the gradual implementation of the national ecological strategy, ecological restoration in mountainous areas and forest coverage have become increasingly popular research topics in the domestic environmental field. Whether it is ecological restoration in mountainous areas or analysis of the distribution and development of natural forests, the growth status of plant roots is an important indicator for assessing the carrying capacity of the local ecological and geological environment and the growth status of different plants.

[0003] In existing technologies, there are generally three types of testing for plant root distribution: in-situ root sampling and indoor testing, electromagnetic wave non-destructive testing, and neutron radiation in-situ testing. Among them, in-situ root sampling and indoor testing is difficult to conduct in-situ root sampling, especially for large trees and shrubs, which is costly and can easily cause environmental damage. Electromagnetic wave non-destructive testing relies heavily on the intensity changes of radar wave signals, but due to the complex terrain in mountainous areas, the initial scanning plane changes significantly, resulting in high signal noise and making it impossible to accurately reflect the distribution characteristics of the root system. Neutron radiation in-situ testing, as the basis of CT scanning technology, is mostly used for indoor potted plants due to the signal resolution and equipment settings of CT. When scanning the root systems of forestry plants in mountainous areas, factors such as the weak difference between the root system and soil reflection signals in the scanning area make it impossible to accurately identify the detailed features of the root system and conduct in-situ field measurements.

[0004] In addition, the observation of plant roots in mountainous areas has the following three characteristics, which lead to significant differences from conventional plant root observation: 1) Due to factors such as mountainous topography, soil nutrient sources, and water distribution, the root system is distributed laterally, and the distribution area of ​​plant roots along the slope is not symmetrical with respect to the plant. 2) The groundwater level in mountainous systems is uncertain, especially when the water level is high on site. Water and other debris can easily seep into the test wells, affecting observation. 3) Due to the sloping mountainous terrain, it is difficult to align the neutron beam transmitter and receiver. If not careful, the receiver may not be able to receive the entire neutron beam, affecting the accuracy of the imaging. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a root distribution imaging contrast agent, its preparation, an in-situ imaging system and method, which can effectively adapt to mountainous terrain and eliminate the environmental influence of mountainous areas, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of neutron radiation in-situ testing technology for three-dimensional imaging of root distribution in mountainous plants.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned technical objective is as follows: a root distribution imaging contrast medium, which is composed of a compound growth hormone, a co-solvent, a tracer and a solvent, wherein the compound growth hormone is a mixture of indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid in a mass ratio of 2-4:1; the co-solvent is anhydrous ethanol, the solvent is deionized water, the tracer is potassium iodide, and in the mixed contrast medium, the concentration of indolebutyric acid is 500-2000 ppm, the concentration of naphthaleneacetic acid is 150-700 ppm, the concentration of potassium iodide is 100-500 ppm, and the amount of anhydrous ethanol added is 5-10% of the volume of deionized water.

[0007] A method for preparing a root distribution imaging contrast medium includes the following steps: S1: Measure each component according to the above proportions; S2: Mix indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, add anhydrous ethanol as a co-solvent and mix well, then add it to deionized water and stir for 30-60 minutes to mix well. S3: Add potassium iodide to the mixture from step S2 and stir for 15-30 minutes until well mixed; S4: After filtering with a sterile filter, let stand for 10-15 minutes to complete the preparation of the contrast solution.

[0008] An in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas includes a transmitter that emits a neutron beam to the plant roots, a receiver that receives the neutron beam, an imaging device that converts the received neutron beam into an image, and two drilling pipes for drilling. Each drilling pipe includes a hollow tube with an opening at the top and a drill bit disposed at the bottom of the hollow tube. Several detection windows are distributed along the height direction on the hollow tube. A positioning structure is disposed inside the hollow tube. The positioning structure includes a positioning chuck and a guide tube disposed on its upper surface. The positioning chuck contains... The device is equipped with a remotely controlled electric telescopic component, which has two synchronously telescopic rods arranged opposite each other. Each telescopic rod has a clamping block at its free end that contacts the inner wall of the hollow tube. A transmission window is provided on one side of the guide tube. The top of the guide tube has a support for engaging the neutron beam transmitting probe on the transmitting device or the neutron beam receiving probe on the receiving device. Inside the guide tube is a reflector that reflects the neutron beam emitted by the neutron beam transmitting probe to pass vertically through the transmission window, or reflects the neutron beam passing through the transmission window to the neutron beam receiving probe.

[0009] As an optimized solution for the above-mentioned in-situ imaging system of plant root distribution in mountainous areas, the top clamping block is an arc-shaped thin plate made of elastic metal, and the two sides of the arc-shaped thin plate form a snap-fit ​​part that contacts the inner wall of the hollow tube.

[0010] As another optimized solution for the above-mentioned in-situ imaging system of plant root distribution in mountainous areas, spiral blades are distributed around the surface of the hollow tube and the drill bit.

[0011] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas, the top of the hollow tube is provided with an indicator mark indicating the orientation of the detection window.

[0012] As another optimized solution for the above-mentioned in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas, the hollow tube is made of high-hardness steel, and the detection window is sealed with a pure aluminum sheet.

[0013] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas, the in-situ imaging system includes a reference column that is kept absolutely vertical to position the two drill pipes and keep them horizontal.

[0014] An in-situ imaging method for the root distribution of plants in mountainous areas includes the following steps: 1) Inject contrast agent into the selected target plant and wait 3-7 days before testing; 2) Set up a reference post parallel to the direction of gravity on one side of the target plant. With the target plant as the center, mark at least four even-numbered positioning points evenly on a circle with a radius of 1-5m. 3) Select two opposite positioning points among the positioning points, and use the two drilling pipes of the above-mentioned in-situ imaging system, with the reference column as a reference, drill two parallel channels at the two positioning points respectively. Install the neutron beam transmitting probe of the transmitting device on the positioning structure of one drilling pipe to form a transmitting unit, and install the neutron beam receiving probe of the receiving device on the positioning structure of the other drilling pipe to form a receiving unit. 3) First, make the line connecting the neutron beam transmitting probe and the neutron beam receiving probe perpendicular to the drilling pipe. Then, make the transmitting device emit a neutron beam through the neutron beam transmitting probe. After the neutron beam passes through the root system of the target plant, it is received by the neutron beam receiving probe and transmitted to the imaging device through the optical fiber to form an image. 4) Move the neutron beam transmitting probe down a certain distance along the drilling pipe and fix it, and move the neutron beam receiving probe synchronously by the same distance, keeping the line connecting the two perpendicular to the drilling pipe. Then, make the transmitting device emit a neutron beam through the neutron beam transmitting probe. After the neutron beam passes through the root system of the target plant, it is received by the neutron beam receiving probe and transmitted to the imaging device through the optical fiber to form an image, thus obtaining another image. 5) Repeat step 4) to obtain a series of images at different heights in the first direction, and then pull out the two drill pipes; 6) Select two other relative positioning points among the positioning points, and then follow the methods in steps 3)-5) to obtain a series of images at different heights in the second direction; 7) Repeat step 6) until all positioning points have been drilled and imaged, resulting in a series of images at different heights in different directions; 8) The images of different heights in all directions obtained in step 7) are fused and modeled to complete the root distribution imaging of the target plant.

[0015] As an optimization of the above-mentioned in-situ imaging method for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas, in step 2), with the target plant as the center, 2-3 circles with different radii are selected within a radius of 1-5m. Steps 2)-8) are performed on each circle, and a corresponding distribution image is formed on each circle. Finally, all the distribution images are fused together to complete the imaging of the root distribution of the target plant.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The contrast solution of this invention contains a compound growth hormone and potassium iodide. Potassium iodide dissolved in deionized water produces iodide ions and potassium ions. Potassium ions are inorganic ions, while iodide ions are tracer ions. The presence of the compound growth hormone and potassium ions can significantly enhance cell division and elongation at the base of plant roots, and simultaneously improve the cell wall permeability and ion exchange capacity in the root primordium region. At this time, iodine exists as a low-concentration anion, which can enter the active growth zone of the root through symplast and apoplast pathways along with water and potassium ions. This process is not an active absorption of iodine, but rather relies on the high absorption flux environment formed by root induction to achieve the "passive flow into the root" of iodine ions, thereby forming a stable iodine enrichment signal in the root zone, enhancing the imaging effect of the root system. Moreover, the iodine can dissipate naturally after the test, without adverse effects on the environment and plants. At the same time, due to the presence of the compound growth hormone, the possibility of iodide ions in potassium iodide being converted into free iodine can be effectively inhibited, achieving a synergistic effect between the two. 2) The in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas according to the present invention is an improvement on the existing neutron tomography system. Its main components are still the neutron beam emitting device, neutron beam receiving device, and imaging device in the existing neutron tomography system. The present invention creatively uses two drilling pipes to drill underground and installs the neutron beam emitting probe and the neutron beam receiving probe into the drilling pipes through a special positioning structure. This allows neutron beams to be generated and received at different locations underground to form images, realizing in-situ detection of the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas. Moreover, when used with the contrast agent of the present invention, the distribution of roots in the soil can be accurately measured. At the same time, the neutron beam emitting probe and the neutron beam receiving probe are connected to the neutron beam emitting device and the neutron beam receiving device on the ground through optical fibers. By utilizing the principle of refraction, the problem of the detection device being too large and unable to directly enter the soil layer is effectively avoided. In addition, the neutron emission is short-term, with less impact on the environment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the in-situ imaging system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning structure; Reference numerals: 1. Transmitting unit; 2. Receiving unit; 3. Transmitting device; 301. Neutron beam transmitting probe; 4. Receiving device; 401. Neutron beam receiving probe; 5. Plant under test; 6. Drilling tube; 601. Hollow tube; 602. Drill bit; 603. Helical blade; 604. Detection window; 605. Indicator mark; 7. Positioning structure; 701. Guide tube; 702. Positioning chuck; 703. Electric telescopic component; 704. Telescopic rod; 705. Tightening block; 706. Reflector; 707. Support; 708. Transmission window; 8. Reference column. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Parts not explained in the following embodiments of the present invention are all considered to be prior art known or should be known by those skilled in the art, such as the model and operation of ground-penetrating radar, the neutron beam transmitting device, the neutron beam receiving device, the imaging device that converts the received neutron beam into an image, etc., all of which adopt existing neutron tomography imaging systems. Example 1

[0019] A root distribution imaging contrast medium is composed of a compound growth hormone, a solubilizer, a tracer, and a solvent. The compound growth hormone is a mixture of indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid in a 2:1 mass ratio. The solubilizer is anhydrous ethanol, the solvent is deionized water, and the tracer is potassium iodide. The concentrations of indolebutyric acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, and potassium iodide in the mixed contrast medium are 500 ppm, 250 ppm, and 100 ppm, respectively. The amount of anhydrous ethanol added is 5% of the volume of deionized water.

[0020] A method for preparing a root distribution imaging contrast medium includes the following steps: S1: Measure each component according to the above proportions; S2: Mix indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, add anhydrous ethanol as a co-solvent and mix well, then add it to 90ml of deionized water and stir magnetically for 30 minutes to mix well. S3: Add potassium iodide to the mixture from step S2 and stir for 15 minutes until well mixed; S4: Use a sterile filter to filter and remove particulates and reduce microbial contamination. Then let it stand for 10 minutes to allow the bubbles to fully release. This completes the preparation of the contrast solution. The prepared contrast solution should be labeled with the formula, concentration and preparation date. For short-term field use, it can be stored in a refrigerated environment at 4-10℃ (avoid direct sunlight). Example 2

[0021] A root distribution imaging contrast medium is composed of a compound growth hormone, a solubilizer, a tracer, and a solvent. The compound growth hormone is a mixture of indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid in a 4:1 mass ratio. The solubilizer is anhydrous ethanol, the solvent is deionized water, and the tracer is potassium iodide. The concentrations of indolebutyric acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, and potassium iodide in the mixed contrast medium are 2000 ppm, 500 ppm, and 500 ppm, respectively. The amount of anhydrous ethanol added is 10% of the volume of deionized water.

[0022] A method for preparing a root distribution imaging contrast medium includes the following steps: S1: Measure each component according to the above proportions; S2: Mix indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, add anhydrous ethanol as a co-solvent and mix well, then add it to 120ml of deionized water and stir for 60 minutes to mix well. S3: Add potassium iodide to the mixture from step S2 and stir for 30 minutes until well mixed; S4: Use a sterile filter to filter and remove particulates and reduce microbial contamination. Then let it stand for 15 minutes to allow the bubbles to fully release. This completes the preparation of the contrast solution. The prepared contrast solution should be labeled with the formula, concentration and preparation date. For short-term field use, it can be stored in a refrigerated environment at 4-10℃ (avoid direct sunlight). Example 3

[0023] A root distribution imaging contrast medium is composed of a compound growth hormone, a solubilizer, a tracer, and a solvent. The compound growth hormone is a mixture of indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid in a 3:1 mass ratio. The solubilizer is anhydrous ethanol, the solvent is deionized water, and the tracer is potassium iodide. The concentrations of indolebutyric acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, and potassium iodide in the mixed contrast medium are 1200 ppm, 400 ppm, and 300 ppm, respectively. The amount of anhydrous ethanol added is 8% of the volume of deionized water.

[0024] A method for preparing a root distribution imaging contrast medium includes the following steps: S1: Measure each component according to the above proportions; S2: Mix indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, add anhydrous ethanol as a co-solvent and mix well, then add it to 100ml of deionized water and stir for 45 minutes to mix well. S3: Add potassium iodide to the mixture from step S2 and stir for 25 minutes until well mixed; S4: Use a sterile filter to filter and remove particulates and reduce microbial contamination. Then let it stand for 20 minutes to allow the bubbles to fully release. This completes the preparation of the contrast solution. The prepared contrast solution should be labeled with the formula, concentration and preparation date. For short-term field use, it can be stored in a refrigerated environment at 4-10℃ (avoid direct sunlight). Example 4

[0025] A root distribution imaging contrast medium is composed of a compound growth hormone, a solubilizer, a tracer, and a solvent. The compound growth hormone is a mixture of indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid. The solubilizer is anhydrous ethanol, the solvent is deionized water, and the tracer is potassium iodide. The concentrations of indolebutyric acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, and potassium iodide in the mixed contrast medium are 600 ppm, 150 ppm, and 200 ppm, respectively. The amount of anhydrous ethanol added is 6% of the volume of deionized water.

[0026] A method for preparing a root distribution imaging contrast medium includes the following steps: S1: Measure each component according to the above proportions; S2: Mix indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, add anhydrous ethanol as a co-solvent and mix well, then add it to 110ml of deionized water and stir for 30 minutes to mix well. S3: Add potassium iodide to the mixture from step S2 and stir for 30 minutes until well mixed; S4: Use a sterile filter to filter and remove particulates and reduce microbial contamination. Then let it stand for 25 minutes to allow the bubbles to fully release. This completes the preparation of the contrast solution. The prepared contrast solution should be labeled with the formula, concentration and preparation date. For short-term field use, it can be stored in a refrigerated environment at 4-10℃ (avoid direct sunlight). Example 5

[0027] A root distribution imaging contrast medium is composed of a compound growth hormone, a solubilizer, a tracer, and a solvent. The compound growth hormone is a mixture of indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid. The solubilizer is anhydrous ethanol, the solvent is deionized water, and the tracer is potassium iodide. In the mixed contrast medium, the concentration of indolebutyric acid is 1400 ppm, the concentration of naphthaleneacetic acid is 700 ppm, the concentration of potassium iodide is 100 ppm, and the amount of anhydrous ethanol added is 10% of the volume of deionized water.

[0028] A method for preparing a root distribution imaging contrast medium includes the following steps: S1: Measure each component according to the above proportions; S2: Mix indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, add anhydrous ethanol as a co-solvent and mix well, then add it to 120ml of deionized water and stir for 60 minutes to mix well. S3: Add potassium iodide to the mixture from step S2 and stir for 30 minutes until well mixed; S4: Use a sterile filter to filter and remove particulates and reduce microbial contamination. Then let it stand for 30 minutes to allow the bubbles to fully release. This completes the preparation of the contrast solution. The prepared contrast solution should be labeled with the formula, concentration and preparation date. For short-term field use, it can be stored in a refrigerated environment at 4-10℃ (avoid direct sunlight). Example 6

[0029] An in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a transmitting device 3 that emits a neutron beam to plant roots, a receiving device 4 that receives the neutron beam, an imaging device that converts the received neutron beam into an image, and two drilling pipes 6 for drilling. The transmitting device 3, receiving device 4, and imaging device are located on the ground. The transmitting device 3 is connected to a neutron beam transmitting probe 301 via an optical fiber, and the receiving device 4 is connected to a neutron beam receiving probe 401 via an optical fiber. Figure 2 As shown, each drill pipe 6 includes a hollow tube 601 with a top opening and a drill bit 602 located at the bottom of the hollow tube 601. The hollow tube 601 and drill bit 602 are made of high-hardness steel. The hollow tube 601 is formed by splicing multiple drill rods connected by threads. Several detection windows 604 are distributed along the height direction on the hollow tube 601. These detection windows 604 are evenly distributed along the axis of the hollow tube 601. The detection windows 604 are generally rectangular openings, sealed with thin pure aluminum plates. A positioning structure 7 is provided inside the hollow tube 601, such as... Figure 3As shown, the positioning structure 7 includes a positioning chuck 702 and a guide tube 701 disposed on its upper surface. The positioning chuck 702 is a hollow disc with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow tube 701. The guide tube 701 is a circular hollow tubular component located at the top center of the disc, forming a convex structure. The positioning chuck 702 contains a remotely controlled electric telescopic component 703. The electric telescopic component 703 can be an existing electric telescopic push rod, battery-powered. The controller receiving the remote control signal and the battery are installed in the positioning chuck. Inside the disc 702 or the guide tube 701, the electric telescopic component 703 has two synchronously extending and retracting telescopic rods 704 arranged opposite each other. These two telescopic rods 704 are distributed at 180° and are synchronously driven to extend or retract by the electric telescopic component 703. The free end of each telescopic rod 704 is provided with a clamping block 705 that contacts the inner wall of the hollow tube 601. When the telescopic rod 704 extends, the clamping block 705 abuts against the inner wall of the hollow tube 601, thereby fixing the positioning chuck 702 at a certain detection window 604 of the hollow tube 601. This facilitates root system inspection. After the height inspection is completed, the telescopic rod 704 is retracted using a remote control. At this time, the clamping block 705 disengages from the inner wall of the hollow tube 601, and the positioning chuck 702 can move along the inner wall of the hollow tube 601 to the position of the next inspection window 604, thereby allowing for a second inspection of the root system at that height. A transmission window 708 is provided on one side of the guide tube 701. The transmission window 708 is an open window structure, and the top of the guide tube 701 has a latching device for attaching the neutron beam emission probe 301 or the receiving device to the transmitting device 3. 4. The support 707 of the upper neutron beam receiving probe 401 is generally made of a retaining ring made of elastic metal sheet. The retaining ring can hold the neutron beam emitting probe 301 or the neutron beam receiving probe 401, thereby fixing the probe. Inside the guide tube 701, there is a reflector 706 that reflects the neutron beam emitted by the neutron beam emitting probe 301 to the vertically passing through the transmission window 708, or reflects the neutron beam passing through the transmission window 708 to the neutron beam receiving probe 401. The reflector 706 is made of a mirror structure made of a material that can reflect neutron beams.

[0030] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the positioning chuck 702 is tightly pressed against the inner wall of the hollow tube 601, the shape of the pressing block 705 is preferably an arc-shaped thin plate made of elastic metal, and the two sides of the arc-shaped thin plate form a snap-fit ​​part that contacts the inner wall of the hollow tube 601, thus transforming the surface contact between the pressing block 705 and the hollow tube 601 into four line contacts at different positions. In this embodiment, spiral blades 603 are distributed around the surface of the hollow tube 601 and the drill bit 602. The presence of the spiral blades 603 not only plays a role in drilling, but also supports the hollow tube 601 and prevents it from changing position in the borehole. In this embodiment, the top end of the hollow tube 601 is provided with an indicator mark 605 indicating the orientation of the detection window 604. During installation, it is essential to ensure that the indicator marks 605 on the two drilling tubes 6 are facing each other.

[0031] In this embodiment, the in-situ imaging system includes a reference column 8 that remains absolutely vertical to position the two drill pipes 6 and keep them horizontal.

[0032] In this embodiment, the drill pipe 6 is in the form of a spiral drill, with a 0.2m long spiral drill bit 602 at the bottom. Behind the drill bit 602 is a hollow tube 601, which typically has an inner diameter of 0.2m and an outer diameter of 0.3m. Each section is 0.5m long. The drill bit 602 and the hollow tube 601 are made of hot-rolled 45# steel, and both have spiral blades 603 on the outside. The hollow tube 601 is formed by splicing multiple drill pipe sections, with an opening at the center of each section in the height direction. The detection window 604 is a 60° sector area where all openings on the drill pipes are aligned on a straight line and parallel to the drill pipe axis. The height of the detection window 604 is typically 0.1m. The detection window 604 uses an aluminum plate opening, which allows for easier neutron penetration compared to steel plates. The steel pipe material is more conducive to drilling and borehole reinforcement. Indicator marks 605 are placed at the opening positions of the hollow tube 601 to facilitate alignment of the detection window 604 when installing two drill pipes 6. The typical depth for plant root testing is approximately 5-10m; therefore, the drilling depth of the drill pipe 6 is determined based on the plant type and the general root distribution depth.

[0033] Since the test of this invention is conducted underground, and the drilling pipe 6 is kept as small as possible to avoid disturbing the local environment, the neutron generator is located above ground. The neutron beam is transmitted to the neutron beam emitting probe 301 via optical fiber. The neutron beam emitted by the neutron beam emitting probe 301 is reflected from the detection window 604 by the reflector 706, passes through the measured root area, passes through the detection window 604 on the other side of the drilling pipe 6, and is reflected by the reflector 706 inside to the neutron beam receiving probe 401. The neutron beam receiving probe 401 then receives the beam and transmits it to the CDD camera via optical fiber to collect relevant data, complete imaging, and analyze the distribution of the underground root system. Example 7

[0034] An in-situ imaging method for the root distribution of plants in mountainous areas includes the following steps: 1) Inject contrast agent into the selected target plant. The contrast agent can be any one of the contrast agents in Examples 1-5. Wait 3-7 days before testing. In this step, the specific procedure for injecting the contrast fluid is as follows: 1.1) On the main stem of the selected target plant, select at least two infusion points at a distance of 20-30cm from the ground. Drill a hole at a 45° angle downwards at each infusion point to form an infusion hole. The depth of the infusion hole is 3-5cm. Place an infusion set containing contrast agent in each infusion hole and slowly drip the contrast agent into the infusion hole through the infusion set. In this step, the number of infusion points depends on the thickness of the target plant's main stem. Generally, the target plant's main stem diameter should be over 10 cm. For target plants with a diameter of 10 to 20 cm, scrape off two pieces of old bark at different locations on the surface to expose the new bark inside. Drill one infusion point at each scraped area. For target plants with a diameter of 20 to 30 cm, scrape off four pieces of bark. For target plants with a diameter of over 30 cm, scrape off six pieces of bark. Each adjacent infusion hole is staggered vertically by about 5 cm, meaning the infusion holes are evenly spaced on two horizontal planes. This is to ensure faster and better infusion. Absorption; the size of the infusion hole should match the size of the infusion set; when administering contrast agent, hammer a nail 1.3 meters above the infusion hole, hang the infusion bag containing the contrast agent on the nail, and insert the infusion set into the infusion hole when the liquid flows out; under normal circumstances, one bag of contrast solution needs to be infused in 3 to 5 hours. If the contrast solution is found to be infused very slowly, the hole should be re-drilled with an electric drill in time, the infusion set should be replaced in the new hole, a small wooden stick that has been cut beforehand should be inserted into the old hole, and a bactericide (300 times dilution of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder) should be sprayed on with a spray bottle, and then mud mixed with bactericide solution should be applied to the hole opening; 1.2) After the contrast agent is injected, remove the infusion set, cut branches on the target plant, insert the branches into the infusion hole, spray fungicide, and apply mud mixed with fungicide to the infusion point. 2) Set up a reference post 8 parallel to the direction of gravity on one side of the target plant, such as... Figure 1 As shown, with the target plant as the center, mark at least four even-numbered positioning points evenly on a circle with a radius of 1-5m. 3) Select two relative positioning points among the positioning points, and use the two drilling pipes 6 of the in-situ imaging system in claim 4, with the reference column 8 as a reference, to drill two parallel channels at the two positioning points respectively. Install the neutron beam transmitting probe 301 of the transmitting device 3 on the positioning structure 7 of one of the drilling pipes 6 to form the transmitting unit 1, and install the neutron beam receiving probe 401 of the receiving device 4 on the positioning structure 7 of the other drilling pipe 6 to form the receiving unit 2. 3) First, make the line connecting the positions of the neutron beam transmitting probe 301 and the neutron beam receiving probe 401 perpendicular to the drilling pipe 6. Then, make the transmitting device 3 emit a neutron beam through the neutron beam transmitting probe 301. After the neutron beam passes through the root system of the target plant, it is received by the neutron beam receiving probe 401 and transmitted to the imaging device through the optical fiber to form an image. 4) After the neutron beam emitting probe 301 is moved down a certain distance along the drilling pipe 6 and fixed, the neutron beam receiving probe 401 is moved synchronously by the same distance, keeping the line connecting the two perpendicular to the drilling pipe 6. Then, the emitting device 3 emits a neutron beam through the neutron beam emitting probe 301. After the neutron beam passes through the root system of the target plant, it is received by the neutron beam receiving probe 401 and transmitted to the imaging device through the optical fiber to form another image. 5) Repeat step 4) to obtain a series of images at different heights in the first direction, and then pull out the two drill pipes 6; 6) Select two other relative positioning points among the positioning points, and then follow the methods in steps 3)-5) to obtain a series of images at different heights in the second direction; 7) Repeat step 6) until all positioning points have been drilled and imaged, resulting in a series of images at different heights in different directions; 8) The images of different heights in all directions obtained in step 7) are fused and modeled to complete the root distribution imaging of the target plant. Example 8

[0035] This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 7. Its main structure is the same as that of embodiment 7. The improvement is that, since the root distribution range of different target plants is not the same, in order to completely detect the root distribution, 2-3 circles with different radii are selected in the range of 1-5m with the target plant as the center. For example, a circle with a radius of 2 meters, a circle with a radius of 3 meters, and a circle with a radius of 4 meters. Steps 2) to 8) are performed on each circle to form a corresponding distribution image on each circle. Finally, all the distribution images are merged to complete the root distribution imaging of the target plant.

Claims

1. A root distribution imaging contrast medium, characterized in that: The contrast agent is composed of a compound growth hormone, a solubilizer, a tracer, and a solvent. The compound growth hormone is a mixture of indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid in a mass ratio of 2-4:

1. The solubilizer is anhydrous ethanol, the solvent is deionized water, and the tracer is potassium iodide. In the contrast solution, the concentration of indolebutyric acid is 500-2000 ppm, the concentration of naphthaleneacetic acid is 150-700 ppm, the concentration of potassium iodide is 100-500 ppm, and the amount of anhydrous ethanol added is 5-10% of the volume of deionized water.

2. The method for preparing a root distribution imaging contrast medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Measure each component according to the proportions in claim 1; S2: Mix indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid, add anhydrous ethanol as a co-solvent and mix well, then add it to deionized water and stir for 30-60 minutes to mix well. S3: Add potassium iodide to the mixture from step S2 and stir for 15-30 minutes until well mixed; S4: After filtering with a sterile filter, let stand for 10-15 minutes to complete the preparation of the contrast solution.

3. An in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas, comprising a transmitting device (3) that emits a neutron beam to the plant roots, a receiving device (4) that receives the neutron beam, an imaging device that converts the received neutron beam into an image, and two drilling pipes (6) for drilling, each of the drilling pipes (6) comprising a hollow tube (601) with an opening at the top and a drill bit (602) disposed at the bottom of the hollow tube (601), characterized in that: The hollow tube (601) has several detection windows (604) distributed along its height. A positioning structure (7) is provided inside the hollow tube (601). The positioning structure (7) includes a positioning chuck (702) and a guide tube (701) on its upper surface. The positioning chuck (702) is provided with a remotely controlled electric telescopic component (703). The electric telescopic component (703) has two telescopic rods (704) that extend and retract synchronously and are arranged opposite each other. The free end of each telescopic rod (704) is provided to contact the inner wall of the hollow tube (601). The guide tube (701) has a top clamping block (705), and a transmission window (708) is provided on one side of the guide tube (701). The top of the guide tube (701) has a support (707) for snapping onto the neutron beam transmitting probe (301) on the transmitting device (3) or the neutron beam receiving probe (401) on the receiving device (4). The guide tube (701) is provided with a reflector (706) that reflects the neutron beam emitted by the neutron beam transmitting probe (301) to pass vertically through the transmission window (708) or reflects the neutron beam passing through the transmission window (708) to the neutron beam receiving probe (401).

4. The in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping block (705) is an arc-shaped thin plate made of elastic metal, and the two sides of the arc-shaped thin plate form a snap-fit ​​part that contacts the inner wall of the hollow tube (601).

5. The in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: Helical blades (603) are distributed around the surface of the hollow tube (601) and the drill bit (602).

6. The in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the hollow tube (601) is provided with an indicator mark (605) indicating the orientation of the detection window (604).

7. The in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hollow tube (601) is made of high-hardness steel, and the detection window (604) is sealed with a pure aluminum sheet.

8. The in-situ imaging system for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The in-situ imaging system includes a reference column (8) that maintains absolute verticality to position the two drill pipes (6) horizontally.

9. A method for in-situ imaging of root distribution in mountainous areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Inject contrast agent into the selected target plant and wait 3-7 days before testing; 2) Set up a reference column (8) parallel to the direction of gravity on one side of the target plant. With the target plant as the center, mark at least four even-numbered positioning points evenly on a circle with a radius of 1-5m. 3) Select two relative positioning points among the positioning points, use the two drilling pipes (6) of the in-situ imaging system in claim 4, and take the reference column (8) as a reference to drill two parallel channels at the two positioning points respectively. Install the neutron beam transmitting probe (301) of the transmitting device (3) on the positioning structure (7) of one of the drilling pipes (6) to form a transmitting unit (1), and install the neutron beam receiving probe (401) of the receiving device (4) on the positioning structure (7) of the other drilling pipe (6) to form a receiving unit (2). 3) First, make the line connecting the positions of the neutron beam transmitting probe (301) and the neutron beam receiving probe (401) perpendicular to the drilling pipe (6). Then, make the transmitting device (3) emit a neutron beam through the neutron beam transmitting probe (301). After the neutron beam passes through the root system of the target plant, it is received by the neutron beam receiving probe (401) and transmitted to the imaging device through the optical fiber to obtain an image. 4) Move the neutron beam emitting probe (301) down a certain distance inside the drilling pipe (6) and fix it. Move the neutron beam receiving probe (401) synchronously by the same distance, keeping the line connecting the two perpendicular to the drilling pipe (6). Then, make the emitting device (3) emit a neutron beam through the neutron beam emitting probe (301). After the neutron beam passes through the root system of the target plant, it is received by the neutron beam receiving probe (401) and transmitted to the imaging device through the optical fiber to form another image. 5) Repeat step 4) to obtain a series of images at different heights in the first direction, and then pull out the two drill pipes (6). 6) Select two other relative positioning points among the positioning points, and then follow the methods in steps 3)-5) to obtain a series of images at different heights in the second direction; 7) Repeat step 6) until all positioning points have been drilled and imaged, resulting in a series of images at different heights in different directions; 8) The images of different heights in all directions obtained in step 7) are fused and modeled to complete the root distribution imaging of the target plant.

10. The in-situ imaging method for the distribution of plant roots in mountainous areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 2), with the target plant as the center, select 2-3 circles with different radii within a radius of 1-5m. Perform the operations of steps 2)-8) on each circle to form a corresponding distribution image on each circle. Finally, merge all the distribution images to complete the root distribution imaging of the target plant.

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